安徽中考 動詞短語及詞義辨析

專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析┃考點(diǎn)直擊

┃【考綱解讀】考點(diǎn)課標(biāo)要求命題預(yù)測動詞短語掌握動詞短語的構(gòu)成及意義，能熟練使用動詞短語。重點(diǎn)考查“動詞＋副詞”短語和“動詞＋介詞”短語。動詞詞義辨析掌握常用動詞的詞義。重點(diǎn)考查動詞的詞義辨析。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析1動詞短語

◆動詞＋副詞1．bringout拿出來；使表現(xiàn)出2．blowout吹滅3．cleanup清掃；收拾干凈4．cheerup使高興起來；使振作專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析5．comeback/goback回來/回去6．comeround蘇醒；短暫訪問7．comeout(花)開；出來；出版8．comeover過來；順便來訪9．checkout核實(shí)，調(diào)查10．eatup吃光11．fallbehind落后專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析12．falldown跌倒13．giveback歸還14．getback取回15．getover克服16．geton/off上車/下車17．growup長大18．giveaway捐贈；分發(fā)專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析19．giveup放棄20．hurryup趕快21．lookout小心22．lookup查找23．lookaround環(huán)顧四周，到處看24．putdown放下；記下25．putaway收拾好專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析26．puton穿上27．putup舉起；張貼28．putoff推遲29．putout撲滅；熄滅30．pickup撿起；(開車)接人31．runaway逃跑，逃走32．slowdown減緩，減速專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析33．setoff出發(fā)，動身34．turnon/off打開/關(guān)上35．turnup/down調(diào)大/調(diào)小36．takeout取出37．thinkover考慮38．takeoff脫下；起飛39．takeaway拿走專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析40．workout算出41．writedown記下42．wakeup喚醒專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析[提示]

若動副短語后接的賓語是名詞，那么該名詞既可以放在兩詞中間，也可以放在副詞后面；如果賓語是代詞，則只能放在兩詞中間。且代詞用賓格形式如：You'dbetterpickthestudentsup/pickupthestudentsbefore7:00.你最好在7點(diǎn)前開車接這些學(xué)生們。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例1】—It'shottoday,isn'tit?—Yes,itis.Whynot________yourcoat.A．takeplaceB．takeoutC．takeafterD．takeoff[答案]D專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例2】—Theseproblemsaretoohardto________.Willyougivemesomeadvice?—Therearemanyways,butthemostimportantistohaveacarefulplan.A．workoutB．lookoutC．handoutD．putout[答案]A專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析◆動詞＋介詞1．a(chǎn)rriveat/in到達(dá)……2．a(chǎn)skfor尋求，索要3．a(chǎn)greewith同意……4．belongto屬于5．dependon依靠，依賴6．falloff跌落專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析7．feedon以……為食8．getto到達(dá)9．getup起床10．hearof聽說11．hearfrom收到某人的來信12．help…with…在(某方面)幫助(某人)13．knockat/on敲(門、窗)專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析14．lookfor尋找15．lookafter照看；照顧16．looklike看上去像……17．lookover(仔細(xì))檢查18．listento聽……19．laughat嘲笑20．stop…from…阻止……做……專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析21．talkto/with對……說，和……談話22．talkabout談?wù)?3．thinkof想起24．waitfor等候25．payfor為……付錢專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例3】Canyouhelpmeto________mydogwhenI'mawayonholiday?A．lookafterB．lookforC．lookatD．looklike[答案]A專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析◆動詞＋名詞1．doone'shomework做作業(yè)2．do/tryone'sbest盡某人最大的努力3．goboating/swimming/shopping去劃船/去游泳/去購物4．haveacold/acough/aheadache患感冒/咳嗽/頭痛5．haveatry嘗試；努力6．havealook看一看專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析7．havearest休息8．havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早/午/晚餐9．havefun玩得高興10．holdasportsmeeting舉行運(yùn)動會11．makeadecision作出決定12．makeamistake/mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤13．makeanoise吵鬧專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析14．makefaces做鬼臉15．makefriends交朋友16．makemoney賺錢17．playchess下國際象棋18．taketurns輪流19．takephotos照相20．takeone'stime不著急，慢慢來專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例4】Allofussometimes________andnobodyisperfect.A．makefriendsB．makemoneyC．makemistakesD．makeanoise[答案]C專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析◆動詞＋副詞＋介詞1．catchupwith趕上2．comeupwith找到答案；想出解決辦法3．dowellin在某方面做得好4．getonwellwith與……相處融洽5．lookforwardto盼望；期待專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例5】—I'msureyou'll________abetterwaytosolvetheproblem.—Thankyou,Mr.Zhang.I'llworkharder.A．getonwithB．comeupwithC．goonwithD．catchupwith[解析]B專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析◆動詞＋名詞＋介詞1．takecareof照顧2．givethanksto向……致謝3．payattentionto注意4．saygoodbye/hello/sorryto向……道別/打招呼/道歉專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例6】Ourteacherletsus________thesewordsbecausetheyareveryimportant.A．forgetB．payattentiontoC．toforgetD．topayattentionto[答案]B專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析◆動詞十其他1．cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)2．makesure確保3．enjoyoneself玩得愉快4．helponeselfto隨便享用5．takeiteasy放松專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例7】Annissocarefulthatshealwaysgoesoverherexercisesto________therearenomistakes.A．lookforB．makesureC．findoutD．pickup[答案]B專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析2動詞詞義辨析動詞的詞義辨析是近年來安徽中考考查的重點(diǎn)，旨在通過不同的語言環(huán)境考查學(xué)生正確理解上下文、準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用動詞的能力。在解答此類試題時(shí)要根據(jù)句意和語境來辨析，通過正確理解句意，比較不同選項(xiàng)的意義及用法來選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例8】—Thescientists________twomonthssearchingthewoodsforthestrangebird.—Whatanexcitingexperiment!A.tookB.costC.stayedD.spent[解析]D

take表示“花費(fèi)”，常用于“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”句型中；cost表示“花費(fèi)”，主語必須是物；stay意為“保持；停留”；spend表示“花費(fèi)”，常用于“sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth./(in)doingsth.”句型中。根據(jù)句意及主語Thescientists可知選D。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析【典例9】He________anEnglishclublastyearandhasimprovedhisEnglishalot.A.protectedB.producedC.joinedD.received[解析]C

prodect意為“保護(hù)”，produce意為“生產(chǎn)”，join意為“參加”，receive意為“收到”。句意：他去年參加了一個(gè)英語俱樂部，英語水平有了很大的提高。故選C。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析┃考點(diǎn)過關(guān)┃Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(

)1.2014·安徽Astime________，you'llcometothinkofEnglishasyourfriendandloveit.A．goesbyB．runsoutC．takesoffD．turnsupA專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)2.2014·安徽Idon't________theheat,forI'musedtohotweather.A．likeB．mindC．knowD．standB根據(jù)“我習(xí)慣于熱天氣”可知這里的意思是“我不介意這個(gè)熱度”。mind意為“介意”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)3.2014·安徽Rosefinishedherstudyintheuniversityandwentto________agoodjob.A．takeafterB．lookafterC．careforD．searchforD專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)4.2014·安徽Heisanhonestboy.Ihavenoreasonto________whathesaid.A．hearB．doubt

C．repeatD．believeB句意：他是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的男孩。我沒有理由去懷疑他所說的話。doubt意為“懷疑”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)5.2013·安徽IwillmeetJaneatthestation.Please________whattimeshewillarrive.A．countB．choose

C．checkD．catchC句意：我將到車站接Jane，請核實(shí)一下她什么時(shí)候到。check意為“檢查；核實(shí)”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析Ⅱ.根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示，完成下列單詞的拼寫，使句意明確，語言通順1．2014·安徽I'mafraidwehavetoc________(取消)themeeting.2．2014·安徽Bobhasmanystorybooksandheoftens________(分享)themwithhisfriends.3．2013·安徽Travelingbyplaneisexpensive,butits________(節(jié)省)time.ancelharesaves專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析4．2013·安徽It'spolitetok________(敲)onthedoorbeforeenteringaroom.5．2014·合肥包河區(qū)—模Ihavew________(警告)themthattheremightbesnakesinthewoods.

nockarned專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)1.2014·安慶—模—Whydon'tyou________yourhomeworkontime?—Ilookedaftermybabysisterlastnightandforgottodoit.A．makeupB．handinC．dooverD．handout語法專練B問句句意：你為什么沒按時(shí)上交你的作業(yè)？handin意為“上交”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)2.2014·安慶—?！猄mokingisbadforyourhealth.—Youareright.Idecideto________.A．takeitdownB．turnitoffC．finditoutD．giveitupD專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)3.2014·合肥50中模擬Don'tcutinlinewhenyou________thebusatthebusstop.A．careforB．waitforC．payforD．a(chǎn)skforB專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)4.2014·合肥50中模擬Thisshirtistoosmall.Itdoesn't________me.Couldyoushowmeanotherone?A．meetB．weighC．fitD．keepC專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)5.2014·合肥50中模擬—Ican'tevenaffordtobuyasmallhouse.—Meneither.Thehousepricestillkeeps________．A．movingB．a(chǎn)dding

C．risingD．droppingC根據(jù)句意可知房價(jià)仍在“上漲”。rise意為“上漲”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)6.2013·徐州Ithinkourgovernmentshouldpassalawto________foodwaste.A．saveB．increaseC．protectD．reduceD句意：我認(rèn)為我們的政府應(yīng)該通過立法來減少食物浪費(fèi)。reduce意為“減少”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)7.—Haven'tIever________thewartoyou?—No,Dad.Maybeyoucantellmesomethingaboutitnow.A．mentionedB．spokenC．discussedD．discoveredAmentionsth.tosb.意為“向某人提及某事”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)8.2013·隨州—Jim,youlooksleepy.What'swrong?—I________towriteareportlastnight.A．lookedupB．endedupC．stayedupD．tookupC根據(jù)句意可知吉姆昨天晚上“熬夜”寫報(bào)告了。stayup意為“熬夜”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)9.2013·荊州—Howwastheconcertlastnight?—Itwassogood.Thoughit________nearlyfourshours,fewpeopleleftearly.A．coveredB．reachedC．lastedD．playedC專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)10.2013·孝感Mybrother________tomovetheheavybox,butIdidn'tgiveup.A．remindedB．refusedC．a(chǎn)greedD．consideredB根據(jù)“但我沒有放棄”可知我的哥哥拒絕搬這個(gè)重盒子。refuse意為“拒絕”。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)11.Thegovernmenthas________someorganizationstohelpthepoorstudentsinthewesternareasofChina.A．takenupB．putupC．pickedupD．setupD專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)12.Jane________therulesofthemuseum.Let'sgoandgivehersomesuggestions.A．obeyedB．FollowedC．brokeD．joinedC根據(jù)“讓我們?nèi)ソo她一些建議”可知Jane違反了博物館的規(guī)定。故選C。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)13.—Thebagissobeautiful.Doyouknowwhoseitis?—It________mysister.Sheboughtityesterday.A．showsoffB．belongstoC．takesafterD．usesupB專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)14.—Alice,couldyouhelpme________themeat?Iwanttomakesomedumplingsfordinner.—OK.I'lldoitrightaway.A．putupB．giveupC．useupD．cutupDputup意為“張貼；舉起”；giveup意為“放棄”；useup意為“用盡”；cutup意為“切碎”。根據(jù)問句句意“愛麗絲，你能幫我切這些肉嗎？晚飯我想包一些水餃?！笨芍xD。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)15.—I'msureIcan________Millieinthematch.—It'sgreattobeconfident!Idon'tbelieveyouwilllosetoher.A．loseB．beatC．failD．winB表示“戰(zhàn)勝某人”用beat。專題9動詞短語及詞義辨析(

)16.—Howdidyou________suchagoodidea?—Igotitbyaccident.A．dealwithB．getalongwithC．a(chǎn)greewithD．comeupwith

D句意：“你是怎么想出這樣一個(gè)好主意的？”“我偶然想到的?！眂omeupwith意為“想出”。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)┃考點(diǎn)直擊

┃【考綱解讀】考點(diǎn)課標(biāo)要求命題預(yù)測動詞的時(shí)態(tài)了解動詞的8種時(shí)態(tài)，重點(diǎn)掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這6種時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成及用法。重點(diǎn)考查6種時(shí)態(tài)在語境中的運(yùn)用。動詞的被動語態(tài)重點(diǎn)掌握被動語態(tài)的用法及主動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換成被動語態(tài)的方法?？疾閹追N常見的被動語態(tài)的應(yīng)用。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1動詞的時(shí)態(tài)1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)謂語動詞為be動詞謂語動詞為行為動詞肯定句主語＋am/is/are＋其他．主語＋動詞原形/第三人稱單數(shù)形式＋其他．否定句主語＋am/is/are＋not＋其他．主語＋don't/doesn't＋動詞原形＋其他．一般疑問句Am/Is/Are＋主語＋其他？Do/Does＋主語＋動詞原形＋其他？專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(2)用法①表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，常與seldom,often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday，onSundays等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：

Igotoschoolatseveneveryday.我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)②表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。③時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。如：I'llgoshoppingwithmymotherifsheisfreetomorrow.如果明天我媽媽有空，我將和她去購物。(3)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)種類構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況直接加－swork→works；write→writes以－s,－x,－o,－ch,－sh結(jié)尾的詞加－eswash→washes；fix→fixes以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i，再加－escry→cries;study→studies動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的不規(guī)則變化需特殊記憶have→has專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例1】AlthoughBillisn'trichenough,heoften________moneytothepoor.A．willgiveB．wasgivingC．givesD．gave[解析]C前句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由often可知本句表示經(jīng)常性動作，故也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋am/is/are＋動詞－ing形式＋其他．(2)用法①表示目前正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與now，atthemoment等時(shí)間狀語連用。另外，當(dāng)有l(wèi)isten，look等提示詞時(shí)，后面的句子常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Listen!Sheissinginginthenextroom.聽！她正在隔壁房間唱歌。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)②表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動作。如：Wearegoingoverthelessonsthesedays.這些日子我們在復(fù)習(xí)功課。③趨向動詞come,go,leave，fly等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。如：TheyareleavingforEnglandtomorrow.他們明天要去英國。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則種類構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況直接加－ingplay→playing以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的詞去e加－ingmake→making以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞先雙寫該輔音字母，再加－ingrun→runningistop→stopping現(xiàn)在分詞的不規(guī)則變化需特殊記憶die→dying專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例2】Mike,goandseewho________footballontheplayground.A．isplayingB．playsC．playedD．wereplaying[解析]A句意：邁克，去看看誰在操場上踢足球。根據(jù)句意可判斷踢足球這個(gè)動作正在進(jìn)行。故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)3．一般將來時(shí)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)主語＋will/shall＋動詞原形＋其他．主語＋am/is/aregoingto＋動詞原形＋其他．(2)用法①表示將要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，常與soon,nexttime，tomorrow，fromnowon等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.離開水，魚就會死。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)②表示“主觀意愿、打算”用begoingto；根據(jù)跡象進(jìn)行推測也用begoingto。如：HeisgoingtolearnEnglishnextterm.他打算下學(xué)期學(xué)英語。Lookattheblackclouds!It'sgoingtorain.看那些烏云！馬上要下雨了。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例3】Thefamousreporterwetalkedaboutjustnow________usaspeechnextweekend.A．givesB．gaveC．hasgivenD．willgive[解析]D根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語nextweekend可知用一般將來時(shí)。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)4．一般過去時(shí)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋動詞過去式＋其他．(2)用法①表示過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Hisfriendwasatworkyesterday.

昨天他的朋友在工作。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)②表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，常與often,always等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Weoftenwenttoworkbybuslastyear.

去年我們經(jīng)常乘公共汽車上班。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則種類構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況直接加－edwatch→watched以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的詞加－dlive→lived；close→closed以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i，再加－edstudy→studied以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞先雙寫該輔音字母，再加－edplan→plannedstop→stopped動詞過去式的不規(guī)則變化需特殊記憶keep→kept專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例4】We________Susantothecostumeparty,soshewasveryhappy.A．inviteB．invitedC．willinviteD．a(chǎn)reinviting[解析]B句意：我們邀請了Susan參加化裝舞會，因此她很高興。根據(jù)后句中的was可知該句用一般過去時(shí)。故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)5．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋have/has＋動詞過去分詞＋其他．(2)用法①表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，常與just,already,yet,ever,never,before等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Ihaveseenthefilmalready.我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)②表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與“since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)”或“for＋時(shí)間段”等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Wehaveplantedthousandsoftreessince2000.

自從2000年開始，我們已經(jīng)種了成千上萬棵樹了。HehaslearnedEnglishforthreeyears.他學(xué)英語三年了。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)只是說明動作發(fā)生在過去，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。如：Isawthemovieyesterday.我昨天看了這部電影。(強(qiáng)調(diào)電影是昨天看的)Ihaveseenthemovie.我看過這部電影。(強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)看過了)專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(4)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，如果時(shí)間狀語表示一段時(shí)間，要把非延續(xù)性動詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動詞。如：Ihavehadthebookfortwodays.這本書我買了兩天了。(用had而不用bought)HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoweeks.他來北京兩周了。(用beenin而不用cometo)專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)◆常見的非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)化如下表：havearrived/comehavebeeninhavelefthavebeenawayhaveclosed/openhavebeenclosed/openhavediedhavebeendeadhavemarriedhavebeenmarriedhavebegunhavebeenonhaveboughthavehadhaveborrowedhavekepthavejoined/takenpartinhavebeenamemberof專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例5】—Theysaythere'sasupermarketnearby.—Yes,andit________fornomorethantwoweeks.A．hasbeenopenB．opensC．isopeningD．opened[解析]A句意：“他們說附近有一個(gè)超市。”“是的，它剛開了不到兩周?！薄癴or＋時(shí)間段”與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。open是瞬間動詞，用beopen替換，故選A。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)6．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋was/were＋動詞－ing形式＋其他．(2)用法表示過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與when,while,from9to11,atthattime等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)Iwasdoingmyhomeworkallthemorningyesterday.昨天上午我一直在做作業(yè)。Whatwasyourfatherdoingwhileyourmotherwascooking?你媽媽做飯時(shí)，你爸爸在干什么？專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例6】—Whatwasyourfatherdoingwhenwewereatthecinemayesterdayevening?—He________mybicycleathomeatthattime.A．fixesupB．fixedupC．wouldfixupD．wasfixingup[解析]D答語句意：他那時(shí)在家里修理我的自行車。atthattime常與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)2動詞的被動語態(tài)1．構(gòu)成(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語＋am/is/are＋過去分詞＋其他．如：Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英語在世界上被廣泛使用。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(2)一般過去時(shí)：主語＋was/were＋過去分詞＋其他．如：Thecakewasmadebymymother.這個(gè)蛋糕是我媽媽做的。(3)一般將來時(shí)：主語＋willbe/is(are)goingtobe＋過去分詞＋其他．如：Anewschoolwillbebuiltnextyear.明年將有一所新的學(xué)校被建立。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語＋have/hasbeen＋過去分詞＋其他．如：Hiskeyhasn'tbeenfoundyet.他的鑰匙還沒有被找到。(5)含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：主語＋情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞＋其他．如：Itmustbedonenow.這件事必須現(xiàn)在就做。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)2．用法(1)不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或沒必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用被動語態(tài)。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時(shí)，用被動語態(tài)。3．不能用于被動語態(tài)的動詞及短語：(1)不及物動詞及短語，如happen，takeplace等。如：Anaccidenthappenedlastnight.昨晚發(fā)生了一起事故。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(2)表示所屬關(guān)系的動詞及短語。如：ThecarbelongstoMr.Wang.那輛車屬于王先生。(3)連系動詞，如feel，sound,taste,smell等。如：Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.

那聽起來是個(gè)好主意。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例7】—What'sthematterwithMary?—She________byacarandsenttohospital.A．hitB．washitC．hadhitD．wouldhit[解析]B答語句意：她被一輛小汽車撞了，被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者用被動語態(tài)。故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【典例8】—CanyousingthisEnglishsong?—Ofcourse,Ican.It________manytimesontheradio.A．taughtB．hastaughtC．istaughtD．hasbeentaught[解析]D

it和teach之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)，排除A、B。又因?yàn)閙anytimes常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，排除C。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)┃考點(diǎn)過關(guān)┃(

)1.2014·安徽Mr.WanghasleftforGuangzhou.He________aspeechthereintwodays.A．givesB．gaveC．willgiveD．hasgivenC根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“intwodays(在兩天后)”可知用一般將來時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)2.2014·安徽Asweallknow,theSilkRoad________Chinatothewestinancienttimes.A．connectsB．connectedC．willconnectD．isconnectingB句意：在古代，絲綢之路把中國與西方連接了起來。根據(jù)inancienttimes可知用一般過去時(shí)。故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)3.2013·安徽—Ican'tfindDavid.Whereishe?—He________fortomorrow'scompetitionsathome.A．preparesB．ispreparingC．haspreparedD．preparedB根據(jù)答語句意“他正在家里準(zhǔn)備明天的競賽”可知用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)4.2013·安徽ThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformation________inashorttime.A．canbelearnedB．hasbeenlearnedC．canlearnD．haslearnedA主語是information，是動作的承受者，故用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)句意可知選A。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)5.2014·合肥包河區(qū)二模—Rememberthefirsttimewemet?—Sure.You________atthegateofourschool.A．standB．havestoodC．werestandingD．stoodC根據(jù)句意可知第一見面的那個(gè)時(shí)刻“你”正站在大門口，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)6.2014·合肥包河區(qū)—模—Givemeacallassoonasyou________inHainan.—OK,Iwill.A．a(chǎn)rriveB．havearrivedC．willarriveD．a(chǎn)rrivedAassoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。故選A。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)7.2014·六安裕安區(qū)一?！狪sMrs.Greengoingtoattendthemeetingtomorrow?—Yes,andshe________togiveaspeechonhowtoprotecttheenvironment.A．hasaskedB．wasaskedC．isaskingD．willaskB專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)8.2014·安慶一模—HowcleanAnqingcityis!—Yeah.Ourcity________alotinthepastfewyears.A．haschangedB．changedC．changesD．willchangeAinthepastfewyears常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。故選A。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)9.2014·安慶一模—It'ssaidthatChang'eFour________intospacenextyear.—Great.Itshowsourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.A．willbesentupB．issentupC．willsendupD．sentupA強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語nextyear可知用一般將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故選A。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)10.2014·阜陽九中中考模擬—DoyoulovereadingGuoJinming'snovels?—OfcourseIdo,butI________themforalongtimebecauseI'malwaysbusy.A．didn'treadB．haven'treadC．hadn'treadD．don'treadB專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)1.2014·赤峰—Thestorybookisveryinteresting.—Iagreewithyou.I________ittwicealready.A．readB．willreadC．a(chǎn)mreadingD．haveread語法專練D專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)2.2014·安順—Whyareyouinsuchahurry,Mike?—There________anNBAbasketballgameintenminutes.A．willhaveB．willbeC．isgoingtohaveD．a(chǎn)regoingtobeBintenminutes與一般將來時(shí)連用，therebe句型的一般將來時(shí)為therewillbe/thereis(are)goingtobe。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)3.Ican'tunderstandwhatthebookisaboutbecauseit________inEnglish.A．writesB．willwriteC．iswrittenD．willbewrittenC專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)4.—ThereisalotofwindinNorthChina.—Well,moretrees________everyyeartostopthewind.A．mustbeplantedB．canplantedC．shouldplantedD．maybeplantedA強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者用被動語態(tài)，排除B、C，由句意可知應(yīng)該是每年必須種植許多樹，故選A。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)5.—Wherearethestudents?—Oh,they________footballontheplaygroundjustnow.A．wereseenplayB．wereseentoplayC．haveseentoplayD．haveseenplayB感官動詞see,hear,watch等用于主動語態(tài)中，其后的賓語補(bǔ)足語要省略to，但在被動語態(tài)中一定要加to，故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)6.2014·上海SusanandLily________tomatoesandothervegetablesonthefarmthistimeyesterday.A．pickB．a(chǎn)repickingC．willpickD．werepickingD由thistimeyesterday可知用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)7.2014·沈陽Theofficephonesaredirtyandthey________nextweek.A．willcleanB．willbecleanedC．a(chǎn)recleaningD．a(chǎn)recleanedB專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)8.—Badluck!It'stoolate!—Itdoesn'tmatter.Themovie________foronlyafewminutes.A．hasbegunB．hasbeenonC．beganD．wasonB由for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語可知本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，begin是瞬間動詞，不能與for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用，故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)9.—Theskirtlooksdifferentfromtheothersandit'sreallynice.—Thanks.It________bymymotherlastmonth.A．madeB．ismadeC．hasbeenmadeD．wasmadeD專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)10.2014·徐州Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!When________you________back?A．do;getB．did;getC．have;gotD．will;getB專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)11.2014·達(dá)州—Haveyouever________anamusementpark?—Yes,Ihave.I________FunTimesAmusementParklastyear.A．beento;havegonetoB．goneto;havebeentoC．goto;wenttoD．beento;wenttoD表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”用havebeento；又根據(jù)lastyear可知第二個(gè)空用一般過去時(shí)。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)12.2014·十堰—Thebookstore________abigsale.Thebookstheremustbeverycheapnow.—Soundsgreat.Let'sgointoitandhavealook.A．willhaveB．hadC．ishavingD．washavingC專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)13.2014·賀州—Canyouseethepictureonthewall?Itlooksbeautiful.—Yes.It________byMr.Blacktwomonthsago.A．paintedB．ispaintedC．paintsD．waspaintedD專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)14.—WhatdidMissZhangsaytoyoujustnow?—Shesaidthatallthebooksshould________tothelibraryontime.A．a(chǎn)rereturnedB．returnC．bereturnedD．bereturningC本句是含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋動詞的過去分詞，故選C。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)15.—Nancyisnotcomingtothepartytonight.—Butshe________meshe'dloveto.A．tellsB．toldC．hadtoldD．istellingB由句意可知“告訴我”是過去發(fā)生的事，故用一般過去時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)16.—You'velefttheTVon.—Oh,sorry.I________andturnitoff.A．havegoneB．goC．wentD．willgoD根據(jù)上句句意可知電視沒有關(guān)，所以下句表示將要去關(guān)上它，故用一般將來時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)17.—Whatdoyoudo?—I'manEnglishteacher.I________inNo.35MiddleSchoolinBeijing.Ilikemyjobverymuch.A．teachB．havetaughtC．willteachD．taughtA專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)18.—Hownicethebuildingis!Whatisitusedfor?—It________asahotel.ButI'mnotsure.A．mustbeusedB．isusedC．maybeusedD．isusingC根據(jù)答語中“ButI'mnotsure”可知是表示不太可能的推測，故選C。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)19.—HaveyouseenAlan?Heaskedmetoplayfootballthisafternoon.—Maybehe________computergamesinhisroom.A．playedB．willplayC．wasplayingD．isplayingD專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)20.Thetwinbrothers________fordoingwiththesituationproperlyinthefire.A．a(chǎn)repraisedB．praisedC．praiseD．werepraisedD雙胞胎兄弟是動作的承受者，故用被動語態(tài)，“表揚(yáng)”這一動作發(fā)生在過去。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)21.2014·北京—Whatdoyouoftendoatweekends?—Ioften________mygrandparents.A．visitB．visitedC．havevisitedD．willvisitA專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)22.2014·河北I'mbusynow.I________toyouafterschoolthisafternoon.A．talkB．talkedC．willtalkD．havetalkedC根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語thisafternoon可知用一般將來時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)23.2014·曲靖—________you________whatclubyouwanttojoin?—Notyet.A．Do;decideB．Have;decidedC．Are;decidingD．Can;decideB根據(jù)答語中的Notyet可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)24.2014·鎮(zhèn)江—Myauntsaidshecalledyouyesterdaymorning,buttherewasnoanswer.—Oh,wewereathome.Maybemyhusbandwithmydaughterandme________mycarinthegarden.A．werewashingB．hadwashedC．waswashingD．washedC本句的主語是with前面的myhusband，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，結(jié)合情景可知要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選C。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)25.—Mrs.White'sdogissonoisy.—Youwon'thearitanymore.It________awayyesterday.A．hassentB．hasbeensentC．wassentD．wassendingC專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)26.2014·壽春中學(xué)模擬—Whyareyoustillhere?Theyarereadytostart.—Sorry,butI________whentoleave.A．don'ttellB．didn'ttellC．a(chǎn)mnottoldD．wasn'ttoldD答語句意：抱歉，但我沒有被告訴什么時(shí)候離開。故選D。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)27.2014·壽春中學(xué)模擬—Wow,theopeningceremonyofSochiWinterOlympicswasfantasticlastnight!—Imissedit!I________forthenextmonthlyexam.A．a(chǎn)mpreparingB．havepreparedC．waspreparingD．willprepareC根據(jù)句意可知索契冬奧會開幕的時(shí)候“我”正在準(zhǔn)備月考。故選C。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)28.2014·來賓—WhatdidyoudoforyourdadonFather'sDaythisyear?—I________abeautifultieforhim.A．buyB．boughtC．buysD．buyingB根據(jù)問句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)可知，買領(lǐng)帶是過去發(fā)生的事。故選B。專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)29.2014·廣東—IwonderwhetherBrazilwillwinthematchlatertonight.—Gotobedfirst.Iwillwakeyouupassoonasthematch________．A．startsB．startedC．willstartD．isstartingA專題10動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(

)30.—Whatcanwedotodevelopourhometown?—Firstofall,alotofnewroads________，Ithink.A．shouldbuildB．havetobuildC．mustbebuiltD．shouldn'tbebuiltC專題11非謂語動詞專題11非謂語動詞┃考點(diǎn)直擊

┃【考綱解讀】考點(diǎn)課標(biāo)要求命題預(yù)測動詞不定式掌握動詞不定式的基本構(gòu)成、語法功能及基本用法。考查動詞不定式的語法功能。動名詞掌握動名詞的幾種基本用法?？疾閯用~的常見的幾種用法。易混點(diǎn)辨析重點(diǎn)掌握一些常用動詞或動詞短語后跟動詞不定式及動名詞的區(qū)別?？疾槌Ｓ脛釉~或動詞短語后跟動詞不定式及動名詞所表示的不同意義。分詞掌握現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法和區(qū)別。考查現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法。專題11非謂語動詞1動詞不定式1．作主語。常用it作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正的主語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)Itis＋adj.(＋for/ofsb.)＋todosth.(2)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.如：專題11非謂語動詞ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.對我們來說，學(xué)好英語是重要的。Ittakesmeabout3hourstofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.每天完成作業(yè)大約要花費(fèi)我3個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。專題11非謂語動詞2．作賓語。(1)用在及物動詞之后作賓語。如：Wewanttohaveagoodrest.我們想好好休息一下。(2)常用it作形式賓語，動詞不定式作真正的賓語，放在句子的后面。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋謂語＋it＋adj.＋todosth.如：IthinkitimportanttolearnChinesewell.我認(rèn)為學(xué)好漢語很重要。專題11非謂語動詞3．作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Theyaskedustoplayfootballwiththem.他們叫我們跟他們一起踢足球。4．作表語。動詞不定式用在系動詞之后作表語。如：Myonlywillistodowhatisbestforyou.我唯一的愿望是做對你最好的事。專題11非謂語動詞5．作定語。動詞不定式作定語時(shí)要后置，表示將要發(fā)生的動作。被修飾語是不定式的邏輯主語或賓語，若為邏輯賓語，該不定式中的動詞應(yīng)為及物動詞。如：Iwanttobethefirstonetogettothetopofthemountain.我想成為第一個(gè)到達(dá)山頂?shù)娜?。專題11非謂語動詞6．作狀語。(1)表示目的。如：Iwenttothebookshoptobuyadictionary.我去書店買了一本詞典。(2)表示原因。如：I'mveryhappytohearfromyou.收到你的信我很高興。專題11非謂語動詞(3)表示結(jié)果。如：TheT－shirtistoobigformetowear.這件T恤太大了，我穿不了。(4)表示程度。如：She'soldenoughtogotoschool.她足夠大了，可以去上學(xué)了。專題11非謂語動詞【典例1】Wecanmakeafire________theroomwarmsothatwecanchatforawhile.A．tokeepB．keepingC．keepD．kept[解析]A根據(jù)句意可知這里應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故選A。專題11非謂語動詞【典例2】Wheneveryouhaveachance________English,youshouldtakeit.A．speakB．tospeakC．spokeD．speaks[解析]B句意：無論什么時(shí)候你有機(jī)會講英語，你都應(yīng)該抓住它。haveachancetodosth.意為“有機(jī)會去做某事”。故選B。專題11非謂語動詞【典例3】—LiMing,it'sbadforyour