牛津高中英語模塊五知識點大集合

模塊五Unit1

GettingalongwithothersUnit1

Gettingalongwithothers基礎盤點自測自評Ⅰ.語境填詞1．He____________(乞討)moneyfrompeoplepassingby.2．Itisbad____________(行為)tospeakwithyourmouthfull.核心單詞beggedmanners3．Therewasa________(可怕的)accidenthereyesterday.4．Itis____________(殘忍的)ofhimtobeathisboylikethat.5．Theymaderude_________(評論)aboutherappearance.horriblecruelremarks6．Thecouplewas____________(爭吵)aboutwhoseturnitwastocookthedinner.7．Whethersheissickorfine，sheisalways____________(愉快的)．8．He____________(羨慕)youforyourgoodluck.quarrellingcheerfulenvies9．The_________(有才華的)youngscientistwasmuchinthepubliceye.10．Hesucceededin____________(克服)allthosedifficulties.11．Asyougetolderyour________(態(tài)度)towardsdeathchanges.giftedovercomingattitude12．Hewas________(謹慎的)whenhewasridingthebicycle.13．She___________(回應)tomyletterwithaphonecall.14．Theyshowedlittle_______(仁慈)totheenemies.cautiousrespondedmercy15．Hehadlosthis________________(身份)cardandwasbeingquestionedbythepolice.identityⅡ.詞匯活用1．He__________tohisparentsforhisbeingrudeandtheyreceivedhis____________.(apology)2．He’svery________aboutthetopic；youmaymakehimmad.Areyou_______ofthedangersofyourposition？(sense)apologizedapologysensitivesensible3．Thepoliceestablishedhis_____beyondalldoubt.Andnowheis____ofwhathehasdone.(guilt)4．Toour__________，hetoldusmanyinterestingstories.Wewere_________withhis__________stories.(amuse)guiltguiltyamusementamusedamusing1．______________假裝做某事2．______________________

信守諾言3．______________暗中監(jiān)視，窺探4．___________________下定決心做……高頻短語pretendtodokeepone’sword/promisespyonbedeterminedtodo...5．______________與……步調/行動一致6．______________忍不住做……7．______________不久，很快8．______________(用電話)接通9．______________渴望做……10．______________以……為基礎keeppacewithcan’thelpdoingbeforelonggetthroughbeeagertodobebasedon

11．______________不管，不顧12．______________最后成為，最終處于13．______________依靠，依賴14．______________對……忠誠15．______________多虧，由于enduprelyonregardlessofbecommittedtothanksto1．musthavedone一定……；doing作伴隨狀語I_________________(一定聽上去)veryproudofmyselfafterthequiz，________(說)howeasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodgrade.典型句式musthavesoundedsaying2．belikelytodo很可能會……Aboy________________(很可能會)cautiousaboutsharinghisfeelingswithhisclosefriends.3．狀語從句的省略When________(被問到時)，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding.islikelytobeasked4．while作并列連詞Whendecidingwhatismostimportantinlife，somepeoplechoosemoney，________(而)otherschoosethingslikesecurityandcomfort.while5．虛擬語氣However，ifI____________(終止)ourfriendship，we___________________(會學到)nothing.hadendedwouldhavebothlearnt動詞不定式和動名詞1．(2012·南京模擬)Ifwaterbecomesincreasinglyscarceindecades________，watershortagewillbecomeahotissueallovertheworld.單元語法A．coming

B．havingcomeC．tocomeD．tobecoming解析：選C。本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果在將來的幾十年水資源變得稀少，那么水資源的缺乏將會成為全球比較熱門的一個話題。此處用不定式表示尚未發(fā)生的、將要到來的，故選C。2．(2012·蘇北五市模擬)________totoomuchsunlight，asisgenerallyconsidered，willaddtothepotentialofcatchingskincancer.A．Beingexposed B．ExposedC．Exposing D．Toexpose解析：選A。本題考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞作主語，因此要用v.—ing形式；同時由于皮膚與暴露之間是被動關系，故要用被動式，即選A。3．(2012·北京東城區(qū)綜合練習)It’snoteasytolearnEnglishwell.________asmuchaspossibleisnecessary.A．Havingread B．ReadC．Reading D．Tohaveread解析：選C。本題考查非謂語動詞。本句中缺少主語，所以需要用動名詞作主語。故選C。4．(2012·合肥質量檢測二)—Whyarethestudentsworkingsohardthesedays?—________readyforthecomingentranceexamination.A．Toget B．GetC．Getting D．Got解析：選A。本題考查非謂語動詞。聯(lián)系語境可知，這些日子學生們努力學習是為即將到來的考試做準備，動詞不定式作目的狀語。故A項正確。5．(2011·高考北京卷)Sitdown，Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired，________onyourfeet.A．tokeep B．keepingC．havingkeptD．tohavekept解析：選B?？疾榉侵^語動詞作條件狀語。句意：“?，?，坐下。一直站立著，你將只會使你自己更加疲勞?！笨键c串講講練互動單詞精研1admit

v．承認，贊同；接納；允許進入(教材P2)Wewenttowashourhandsinthegirls’washroombeforelunchandIadmittedhowbadlyIhaddone.午飯前我們去女洗手間洗手，我承認了自己的考試成績是那么糟糕。歸納拓展①Tomadmittedthatitwaswrongforhimtodriveafterdrinking.Tom承認自己酒后駕車是不對的。②Ourhalladmits3,000persons.我們的禮堂可以容納三千人。③Thematteradmitsofnodelay.這件事不容拖延。④(朗文P27)DanaadmittedfeelinghurtbywhatIsaid.達納承認我說的話傷害了他。⑤(牛津P26)Itwasgenerallyadmitted

thatthegovernmenthadactedtooquickly.普遍認為，政府行動過急。2forgive

vt.原諒，寬恕，饒恕(教材P2)Idon’tthinkIcanevertrulyforgiveher.我覺得我無法原諒她。歸納拓展【辨析】

forgive，pardon，excuse

forgive側重指在感情上原諒了某人的過錯，不再憤恨或不滿。pardon不時和excuse同義，但`常表示較強的語氣，指原諒不予追究。excuse側重指原諒較輕微的過錯、失禮等，不涉及到處理或懲罰。①(朗文P809)Ifanythinghappenedtothekids，I’dneverforgivemyself.如果孩子們出了什么事，我永遠也不能原諒自己。②ImadethemistakeofsayingwhatIthought，andhewon’tforgivemeforit.我不該說出我的想法，為此他不會寬恕我的。③(牛津P799)She’dforgivehimanything.她會原諒他的任何事。3focus

v．集中注意力；聚焦n．焦點，關注點，重點(教材P3)Theotherteamwassuperbandwereallyhadtofocus.對手非常優(yōu)秀，我們必須集中精力。歸納拓展①Weshallmaintainourfocusontheneedsofthecustomer.我們將繼續(xù)重點關注顧客的需要。②(牛津P786)Thevisithelpedtofocusworldattentionontheplightoftherefugees.這次訪問促進了全世界關注難民的困境。③(2011·高考北京卷)Whilevolleyballishermainfocus，she’salsogreatatbasketball.盡管排球是她的專業(yè)，她籃球打得也很出色。4blame

vt.責備；譴責；把……歸咎于n．過失；責備；指責(壞事或錯失的)責任(教材P5)Whileitmayfeelawkward，ifshereallyisyourbestfriendyoushouldapologizeforblamingher.盡管這可能讓你感到難堪，但是如果她確實是你的好朋友，你就應該因責備她而向她道歉。歸納拓展①Heblamesyouforneglectingofduty.他指責你玩忽職守。②(牛津P192)Policeareblamingtheaccidentondangerousdriving.警方把事故原因歸咎于危險駕駛。③(朗文P185)Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthefire.官員們認為不止一人應該為這次火災承擔責任。④(2010·大綱全國卷Ⅱ)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomethingthatwassomeoneelse’sfault.我拒絕接受因別人的過錯而帶來的責備。5respond

vi.回答，答復；響應，反應(教材P18)Whenasked，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding，...當被問起時，他們回答之前通常猶猶豫豫，……歸納拓展①Herespondedtomyquestion.他回答了我的問題。②(朗文P1743)Howdidtheyrespondtoyourcriticism?他們對你的批評作何反應？③(牛津P1699)Theproductwasdevelopedinresponsetocustomerdemand.這種產品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發(fā)的。跟蹤訓練Ⅰ.選詞填空betray；swear；sincerely；awkward；absurd；acquaintance；adolescent；security；committed1．Hewas____________totherevolutionarycause.2．Itwas_______ofyoutosuggestsuchathing.3．Theofficer_________thesecret

mittedabsurdbetrayed4．I_________hope(that)you’llpasstheexam.5．Therobbersgotintothebankbydressingthemselvesas_______men.6．Ihavesome____________withEnglish，butIdonotknowitwell.sincerelysecurityacquaintance7．Overgrowthiscommonin____________.8．He____________topaythemoneybackimmediately.9．You’veputmeinavery________positionbysayingso.adolescentssworeawkwardⅡ.單項填空1．(2011·高考湖北卷)Theministersaid，“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties，butwe’llnever________withcriminals.”A．negotiate

B．quarrelC．argue D．consult解析：選A。negotiate“協(xié)商”；quarrel“爭吵”；argue“爭論”；consult“咨詢；請教”。句意：部長說：“我們做好準備與任何合法黨派進行磋商，但我們絕不會與犯罪分子進行協(xié)商?！惫手挥蠥項符合句意。2．Comparedwithhissister，Jerryisevenmore________to，andmoreeasilytroubledby，emotionalandrelationshipproblems.A．sceptical B．addictedC．available D．sensitive解析：選D。sceptical“懷疑的”，常與介詞

of或

about搭配；addicted“上癮的，入迷的”；available“可利用的”；sensitive“敏感的”。根據(jù)語境知道，Jerry對情感和人事關系問題更加敏感。故選D項。3．(2012·北京東城期末)Theexaminationwillbeginat10∶30.Thosewhocomelate________totheexaminationroom.A．havenotbeenadmittedB．don’tadmitC．willnotbeadmittedD．didn’tadmit解析：選C。admit和定語從句的先行詞

those是動賓關系，因此要用被動語態(tài)，由此可以排除B、D兩項；另外，根據(jù)題干中第一句話的時態(tài)可知，第二句話應該用一般將來時。故選C項。4．(2012·江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷八)Wecomplainedtothetravelagencyaboutthehorribleserviceduringourtrip，butnoonehas________bynow.A．responded B．deservedC．recovered D．survived解析：選A。句意：我們向旅行社投訴旅行途中糟糕的服務，但是到現(xiàn)在還沒有人對此作出回應。respond答復，響應；deserve值得；recover康復，痊愈；survive存活下來，幸存。5．(2012·江蘇省高考命題研究專家原創(chuàng)卷十三)Theyoungmanwas________ofhavingtakenthewoman’swallet.A．suspected B．blamedC．doubted D．considered解析：選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：這個年輕人被懷疑拿了那個婦女的錢包。besuspectedof...“被懷疑……”。6．Iapologized________Thomsonfor________toinformhimofthechangeintheplan.A．for；mynottoableB．to；mynotbeingableC．to；metonotbeableD．for；mebeingnotable解析：選B。第一空考查

apologize和介詞

to的搭配，apologizetosb.forsth.“為某事向某人道歉”；第二空考查非謂語動詞的否定結構。7．Thelocalgovernmentistryingallouttofindoutwhois________theforestfire.A．toblameforstartingB．toblametostartC．tobeblamedforstartingD．tobeblamedtostart解析：選A?？疾楣潭ńY構。betoblamefor(doing)sth.“應為……承擔責任，該因……受到責備”。句意：當?shù)卣M全力找出誰應該為這場森林大火負責任。故選A。8．(2012·合肥質檢)—I’dliketogotoseethefilmwithyou，Dad.—Sorry，myson，butonlythegrown—upsare________intothecinema.A．required B．intendedC．admitted D．supposed解析：選C。句意：“——爸爸，我想和你一起去看電影?！薄啊鼙?，兒子，只有成年人才被允許進電影院?！眀eadmittedinto...被允許進入……。9．(2010·高考江蘇卷)Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI’dratherhe________moreonitsculture.A．focus B．focusedC．wouldfocus D．hadfocused解析：選B。句意：喬治打算談論本國的地理，但是我寧愿他把話題多集中于文化上。本題考查虛擬語氣。wouldrather后加從句，如果表示過去的動作應用過去完成時態(tài)，如果表示現(xiàn)在或將來的動作則用過去時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項。6can’thelpdoing情不自禁地去做……(教材P3)Yesterday，Isawhimtalkingtoanotherboy，Peter，andIcannot

helpwonderingifhewantsPetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme.短語精釋昨天，我見到他正和另外一個叫彼得的男孩講話，我禁不住懷疑他是不是想讓彼得做他最好的朋友，而不是我。歸納拓展一言辨異Ican’thelpthinkinghe’slying，soIcan’thelptoapologizeforhim.我不能不認為他在撒謊，所以我不能代替他道歉。①(朗文P971)Ican’thelpwonderingwhathappenedtothatlittlegirl.我忍不住想知道那個小女孩出了什么事。②IwassobusythatIcouldn’thelp

preparethelunch.我太忙了，所以無法幫著準備午飯。③Theboycouldn’thelpbutadmitthathehadcheatedintheexam.那個男孩只好承認在測試中作弊了。④(牛津P823)Ialwaysenduphavinganargumentwithher，Idon’tknowwhy，Ijustcan’t_helpit.我總是和她意見不合，鬧得不歡而散，不知道為什么，我就是忍不住。⑤Helpyourselftothefruit.請自己取用水果。7relyon依賴，依靠(教材P19)FriendshipmeanshavingsomeoneIcanrelyon.友誼意味著擁有我可以信賴的某個人。歸納拓展①Irelyonyouforgoodadvice.我依賴你給我好建議。②(牛津P1680)Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.現(xiàn)在，我們在很大程度上依賴電腦來安排我們的工作。③Youshouldrelyonyourownjudgement.你應該相信你自己的判斷。8endup以……告終，最后成為(教材P19)Iendedupreturningtothetrainstationandspendingtherestofthedayinthewaitingroom.我最終還是回到了火車站，在候車室里度過了那一天剩余的時間。歸納拓展①Ifyoutrytoremembereverythingyouwillenduprememberingnothing.

如果你想記住所有內容，結果反而會什么也記不住。②(朗文P669)Youcouldendupdeadifyouarenotcareful.如果你不小心就可能送命。③Hislastattemptatdirectingamovieendedupinfailure.他最后一次導演電影的嘗試以失敗告終。跟蹤訓練Ⅰ.選詞填空1．Heispaidbythepoliceto____________otherstudents.2．Bill____________andarrivedexactlyatthetimehehadpromised.3．Theoperatorfinally____me____________.spyonkepthiswordgotthrough4．It’simportantforafirmto_____________changesinthemarket.5．_________yourhelp，wesucceededintheend.6．Thegirl______________thecareofanaunt.keeppacewithThankstoiscommittedtoⅡ.完成句子1．老板進來時他假裝在看一份重要的文件。He______________________animportantpaperwhenthebossentered.2．聽到這個笑話他忍不住大笑起來。He____________________atthejoke.pretendedtobereadingcan’thelplaughing3．你要是處理得當，到頭來這個公司能歸你掌管。Youcould________________thiscompanyifyouplayyourcardsright.4．他們用水只好依靠這條河。Theyhaveto_______theriver_____theirwater.enduprunningrelyonfor5．他渴望成功。He________________________.iseagerforsuccessⅢ.單項填空1．(2012·安徽蚌埠高三質檢)—Thehouseworkistoomuchforme，Jack.—Sorry，butIcan’thelp________it，Joan.I’vegotsomethingimportanttodo，youknow.A．do

B．doingC．tobedoing D．havingdone解析：選A。can’thelpdosth.“不能幫忙做某事”，根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。2．Ifyoudothat，youwill________witheggonyourface.A．giveup B．endupC．breakup D．sendup解析：選B?？疾閯釉~詞語辨析。句意：你要是做那件事，必將以恥辱告終。giveup放棄；endup以……告終；breakup分解，分裂；sendup發(fā)射。根據(jù)題意選B。3．—Canyouhelpmewiththemathshomework，mom?—Youcan’talways________others’helpforyourhomework.Doitbyyourselfthistime，dear.A．waiton B．relyonC．insiston D．turnon解析：選B。relyonsth.“依賴，依靠”，符合句意。waiton“服侍，焦急地等待”；insiston“堅持”；turnon“打開”。4．(2012·福建四地六校聯(lián)考)Ibelievewecouldfacedelaysifwetravelbybus，________trafficjams.A．thanksto B．despiteC．regardlessofD．inspiteof解析：選A。句意：由于交通阻塞，我認為如果乘公共汽車我們將會面臨遲到。thanksto“由于”；despite“盡管”；regardlessof“無論，不管”；inspiteof“盡管，不管”。根據(jù)句意，故選擇A項。5．Thisspecialschoolacceptsalldisabledstudents，________educationallevelandbackground.A．accordingto B．regardlessofC．inadditiontoD．intermsof解析：選B。句意：不管他們的受教育狀況和背景如何，這所特殊教育學校接收各種殘疾學生。accordingto“根據(jù)……”；regardlessof“不顧……，拋開……不說”；inadditionto“除……之外(還有)”；intermsof“就……來說”。故選B項。6．Itwasclearthathewas________thepeopleheowedmoneyto.A．attheexpenseofB．attheriskofC．atthemercyofD．inthewayof解析：選C。句意：很明顯，他受著他欠錢的那些人的任意擺布。atthemercyof意為“任由……擺布”，符合語意。7．Hardlycouldhe________thisamountofworkinsuchashorttime.A．getthroughB．getoffC．getintoD．getdown解析：選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：在這么短的時間內，他干不完這么多活。getthrough用完，消耗掉；(設法)做或完成某事，符合語意。getoff“離開某地或出發(fā)”；getinto“進入，陷入，養(yǎng)成”；getdown“記下”。(教材P19)However，ifIhadendedourfriendship，wewouldhavebothlearntnothing.但是，如果當初我終止了我們的友誼，那我們倆都會一無所得。句型精析【點津】本句是虛擬語氣，if從句中動詞用

haddone，主句的動詞用

wouldhavedone，表示和過去事實不符合的情況。帶有if條件句的虛擬語氣其主從句動詞形式如下表：虛擬條件句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設If＋主語＋動詞的過去式(be動詞用

were)主語＋should/would/could/might＋動詞原形①IfIwereyou，Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.如果我是你，我就抓住這次出國的機會。虛擬條件句主句例句與過去事實相反的的假設If＋主語＋had＋過去分詞主語＋should/would/could/might＋have＋過去分詞②Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice，youwouldnothavefailedintheexams.如果你早聽了我的意見，你考試就能通過了。虛擬條件句主句例句與將來事實相反的假設1.If＋主語＋動詞的過去式2.If＋主語＋wereto＋動詞原形3.If＋主語＋should＋動詞原形主語＋should/would/could/might＋動詞原形③Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow，weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.如果明天他不來，我們就把會議推遲到下周一。跟蹤訓練Ⅰ.完成句子1．他還沒來。你一定忘了通知他開會的時間了。Hehasn’tcomeyet.You_________________________________thedateofthemeeting.musthaveforgottentoinformhimof2．不叫你請你不要進來。Don’tcomeinuntil____________.3．明天我可能很忙。I_____________verybusytomorrow.4．我喜歡喝茶，而她喜歡喝咖啡。Iliketea____________________.a