山東省菏澤市陶育中學(xué)高二英語聯(lián)考試題含解析

山東省菏澤市陶育中學(xué)高二英語聯(lián)考試題含解析一、選擇題1.We

_____

his

idea

for

a

music

club,

and

decided

to

have

an

art

club

_____.

A.

accepted;

instead

of

B.

disagreed;

instead

C.

rejected;

instead

D.

agreed;

instead

of參考答案：C略2.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,

____hassurprisedusall.A.that

B.where

C.which

D.

what參考答案：C試題分析：考查定語從句，本題中which指代前面一句話的內(nèi)容，在句中做主語，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。句意：這是他第三次贏得跑步比賽了，這件事情讓我們所有人都很驚訝。故C正確。That不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；where在句中做狀語。What不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。3.---Washenervousduringtheinterview?---Hewas_____,andheevenmadesomejokes.A.downinthedumps B.flyingoffthehandleC.oncloudnine D.ascoolasacucumber參考答案：D【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——面試時他緊張嗎?——他非常鎮(zhèn)定自若，甚至還開了一些玩笑。A.downinthedumps垂頭喪氣；B.flyingoffthehandle勃然大怒；C.oncloudnine非常高興；D.ascoolasacucumber鎮(zhèn)定自若。根據(jù)句意故選D。4.

,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.A.Aquitestudentashemaybe B.QuitestudentashemaybeC.Beaquitestudentashemay D.Quiteashemaybeastudent參考答案：B5.IshouldverymuchliketohavegonetothepartybutI.A.hadn’tbeeninvited B.wasn’tinvitedC.wouldn’tbeinvited D.amnotinvited參考答案：B句意:本來我非常想去參加聚會的,但是我沒有被邀請。根據(jù)句意可知,聚會已經(jīng)舉辦過了,只是當時"我"沒有被邀請,因此應(yīng)用一般過去時,故選B。6.Wherever

you

go,

you

can

see

the

products____.

A.

advertise

B.

advertised

C.

to

be

advertised

D.

being

advertised參考答案：A7.Thebookpublishedbythegovernment________thecaseofthewomen’srightsandresponsibilitiesoflastyear.A．states

B．tellsC．starts

D．says參考答案：A8.Itisnoneofyourbusiness______otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeinyourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when參考答案：B9.---Whatdoyousupposemadeherworried?---_________anewcellphone.A.Lose B.Lost C.Losing D.Becauseoflosing參考答案：C10.The_____optionwouldbemuchmoresensible.A.flour B.formerC.formation D.forth參考答案：B【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：前一個選擇會更講得通。A.flour面粉；B.former前一個的；C.formation形成，結(jié)構(gòu)；D.forth向前。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指前一個選擇，故選B。11.Notuntilrecently_______thedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.A.theyhadencouraged

B.hadtheyencouragedC.didtheyencourage

D.theyencouraged參考答案：C試題分析：考查部分倒裝。句意：直到最近他們才鼓勵在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動。當notuntil所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語放在句首時，主句要使用部分倒裝。故C項正確。【名師點睛】部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞提至主語之前。如果句子的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do,does或did，并將其置于主語之前。一、句首為否定或半否定的詞語如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil等時，句子要倒裝。如：1.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.無論如何你不會找到這個問題的答案。2.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母親一直到孩子入睡后才離開房間。Notuntil位于句首引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。二、so,neither,nor位于句首時，表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒裝。如：1.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.湯姆會講法語，杰克也會。

2.Ifyouwon’tgo,neitherwillI.你不去，我也不去。三、only位于句首，且強調(diào)狀語時,句子也必須用部分倒裝。如：1.Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.2.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.四、其他部分倒裝的情況。1.so…that…句型中的so位于句首時，句子需倒裝。如：Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很，動也不敢動。2.在某些表示祝愿的句型中。如：Mayyouallbehappy.愿你們都快樂。12.Itisreportedthatlargeamountsoflocusts(蝗蟲)_____intheiractivityinthenorthnow.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were參考答案：B略13.Hewasdismissedfromschoolbecauseof

therulethatalcoholisbannedfromallbuildings.A.heviolated

B.heviolatingC.hisviolated

D.hisviolating參考答案：D略14.Toavoid

onhowtousetheword,you’dbetterrefertoadictionary.A．togetconfused

B．gettingconfused

C．togetconfusing

D．gettingconfusing參考答案：B15.Manypeoplewouldrather_____eatingoutonholidaythangiveuptheirbroadband,mobilephoneandpay-TVservices,accordingtoarecentsurvey.

A.cutoff

B.cutin

C.cutbackon

D.cutup參考答案：C16.Whilehewassearchingforinformationontheinternetthecomputersystem

suddenly

Abrokedown

Bbrokeup

Cbrokeout

Dbrokein參考答案：A17.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not___,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.

A.moved

B.moving

C.tomove

D.beingmoved參考答案：B18.Thereareanumberofcases_______familymembersorfriendsquarrelwitheach

otherandbecomeenemies.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when參考答案：C略二、填空19.Youcanrelaxifrememberingeverythingisnotyourstrongsuit.Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.Traditionalresearchonmemoryhasfocusedontheadvantagesofrememberingeverything.Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersPaulFranklandandBlakeRichardsoftheUniversityofTorontofoundthattheneurobiology（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)）offorgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.“Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecision-making.Assuch,transience（轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝）isasimportantaspersistenceinmemorysystems，”theirstudyinNeuronstates.Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesnotmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand,itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonsituations.Ourbrainsdothisbygeneratingnewneurons（神經(jīng)元）inourhippocampus（海馬體）,whichhavethepowertooverwriteexistingmemoriesthatareinfluencingourdecision-making.“Ifyou''''''''''''''''retryingtodealwiththesituationandyourbrainisconstantlybringingupmultipleconflictingmemories,thatmakesitharderforyoutomakeawisedecision，”RichardstoldScienceDaily.Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain''''''''''''''''slearningregion,tryexercising.Moderateaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalking,andswimminghavebeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsanddetailsaboutoldjobs,ourbrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdonotmatter.Althoughtoomuchforgetfulnesscanbeacauseforconcern,theoccasionallostdetailcanbeasignofaperfectlyhealthymemorysystem.Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecision-makingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonminorpastdetails.Instead,thebrainpromotesgeneralization,helpingusrememberthemostimportantgistofaconversation.“Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou''''''''''''''''regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife，”Richardssaid.Ifyou''''reananalystwhomeetswithaclientweekly,yourbrainwillrecognizethatthisisaclientwhosenameandstoryyouneedtoremember.Ifthisissomeoneyoumaynevermeetagain,yourbrainwillweighthatinformationaccordingly.Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.Title：BeingForgetfulMightActuallyMeanYou''''re____46____IntroductionRecentresearchprovesthatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength,forforgettingandselectivememoryareof____47____importanceinourdecision-making.ThegoalofmemoryPeopletakeadvantageofmemorytomakegooddecisionsratherthan___48___information.____49____of

beingforgetfulIthelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.●Makingwisedecisionsinvolvestheexistingmemoriesmaking___50___forthelatestinformation.●Meanwhile,toomuchcontradictoryinformationinmemorycandoharmtoourdecision-making.●Exercisinghelpsincreaseneurons,contributingtoour____51____decision-making.Ithelpsusseethebig____52____．●After____53____theinformationitgets,thebrainchoosestofocusonthekeypoints,occasionallyforgettingunimportantpastdetails.●Whethertorememberorforgetparticularstuffis____54____bythedegreeoftheconsistencyoftheenvironmentandthe____55____ofthingsreappearinglaterinlife.ConclusionOurbrainsareworkingsmarterwhenaimingtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.參考答案：46.Smarter

47.equal

48.transmit

49.Advantages/Benefits

50.way/space/room

51.improved/better

52.picture

53.weighing/comparing54.determined/decided

55.likelihood/chance/possibility/probability本文是說明文，大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息，選擇性遺忘會使我們的大腦更聰明。【46題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.可知研究結(jié)果表明當我們只記住重點而不是所有內(nèi)容時，選擇性遺忘會使我們的大腦更聰明。與句中Ourbrainsareworkingsmarter一致，故填Smarter.【47題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第一段……beingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.和第二段……thattheneurobiologyofforgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.可知健忘可能是一種力量——事實上，選擇性記憶和我們的決定一樣重要。根據(jù)asimportantas,故填equal.【48題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞。根據(jù)第三段中Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecision-making.可知記憶的目標不是通過時間傳遞信息。相反,記憶的目標是幫助提高決定。根據(jù)thetransmissionofinformation此處用其動詞形式，故填transmit.【49題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)本項內(nèi)容中Ithelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.和Ithelpsusseethebig____7____．可知此項是介紹健忘的好處或優(yōu)點，故填A(yù)dvantages/Benefits.【50題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第四段Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonsituations.可知健忘能夠清理大腦空間，為記住最新信息做準備。根據(jù)clearingupspace可知是清理空間，騰地方，故填way/space/room.【51題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第六段Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain''''''''''''''''slearningregion,tryexercising.……increasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.可知鍛煉有助于增加大腦學(xué)習區(qū)域的新神經(jīng)元的數(shù)量，幫助我們更好地做決定。故填improved/better.【52題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)后面內(nèi)容可知大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息。記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。這些都說明健忘能夠幫助我們記住重要信息，顧全大局。故填picture.【53題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞。根據(jù)第七段Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsanddetailsaboutoldjobs,ourbrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdonotmatter.可知大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息。指權(quán)衡比較，故填weighing/comparing.【54題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞形式。根據(jù)第八段Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou''''''''''''''''regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife.中howconsistenttheenvironmentis可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度，故填determined/decided.【55題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第八段Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou''''''''''''''''regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife.中howlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife.可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。與likely意思一致，此處用名詞，表示“可能性”，故填likelihood/chance/possibility/probability.20.Severaldaysago，thestudentsinSeniorThree（忙于做）thepreparationsfor2016Gaokao．參考答案：wereoccupiedwith幾天前，高三的學(xué)生忙著做2016年高考的準備工作．忙著做某事：beoccupiedwithsth，常用短語；句意表達的是過去的事實，要用一般過去時態(tài)．三、閱讀理解21.Expensiveperfumescomeintinybottles,butmanyhideawhale-sizedsecret.Toperfectaparticularsmell,perfume-makersoftenuseaningredientthatcomesfromspermwhales(抹香鯨),calledambergris.Butusingambergris,whichhelpsaperfumelastlonger,isstronglyopposedbymanypeoplewhothinkitiswrongtokillwhalesjustsowecansmellsweet.JoergBohlmannisneitheraperfumernorawhaleexpert.He'saplantbiologistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanada.Buthisdiscoveryofanewplantgenemightpushwhalesoutoftheperfumebusiness.Thegenecomesfromfirtrees,foundthroughoutNorthAmericaandcommonlyusedasChristmastrees.

Thetreesproduceachemicalthatcanbeusedinperfumeinplaceofambergris—butwithacatch.“There'saproblemthatmanypeoplewouldn'tconsider.Inthetree,thechemicalismixedwithmanyothers.Thatmakesseparationachallenge”Bohlmannsays.“It'sliketryingtoisolatesugarfromabiscuit.”Thisiswheresciencebecomesuseful.WhenBohlmannlearnedthatfirtreesproducetheambergris--likechemical,hedecidedtousehisgeneknow--howtofindtheinstructionsforhowtomaketheambergris-substitute.Bohlmannfoundthatgeneandtookitoutofthetreecells.Thenhedidsomethingthatmightsoundstrangetosomeonewhodoesn'tworkingenetics:Bohlmannputthegenefromthetreeintoyeast(酵母)cells.Yeastmaysoundfamiliarbecauseit'susedtomakethingslikebread,wineandbeer.Biologistsliketoworkwithyeastbecauseiteasilyadoptsnewgenesandchangesitsfeaturesandbehavior.WhenBohlmannputthefirtreegeneintotheyeast,theyeaststartedmakingthesamechemicalthathadbeenproducedbythetree.Perfumerspaybigmoneyforambergrisbecauseitisafixative,whichmeansitholdsasmellinplaceonaperson'sbody.“Cheapperfumessmellgoodinthefirsthourorsoandtheneverythingisgone,”explainsBohlmann.“Butexpensiveperfumesaremuchmorestable.Theirsmelllastsmuchlonger,forhoursorevenadayafteryouapplythem.”Thenewchemical,madefromthetreegenes,canbeusedasafixative,too.Andusingyeasttomakeitisfarcheaperthanacquiringambergris.Bohlmannadmitsheneverthoughthe'dgetintotheperfumebusiness.Butnow,hesays,producershavebeencallingtofindouthowtousehistechnologyinnewperfumes.

58.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatifaperfumecontainsambergris,________.A.itsuserprobablysupportswhalehunting B.itssmellwilllastforaboutanhourC.therewillbeawhalesymbolonthebottle D.itisprobablyveryexpensive59.Theunderlinedexpression“withacatch”inParagraph3means________.A.beingdifficulttohold

B.havingahiddenproblemC.needingfurthertesting

D.beingtoosimilar60.Accordingtothepassage,whyareyeastcellsoftenusedingeneticresearch?A.Theycantakeonthecharacteristicsofothergenes.B.Theycanreproducemuchfasterthanothercells.C.Theysharesomeofthequalitiesofplantgenes.D.They'remuchcheapertousethanambergris.