新視野大學(xué)英語3unit2課后練習(xí)答案

keystoexercisesUNIT21moderate2consume3advisable4modified5evidence6restricted7calculate8remedy9impact10sufficientUNIT2SECTIONAP36III1bounceback2summedup3Upto4atrisk5wenttozero6goesup7interferewith8derivedfrom9Ingeneral10takeinUNIT2SECTIONAP37IV1.G2.K3.O4.N5.J

6.A7.C8.D9.F10.IUNIT2SECTIONAP38V1cost2pollution3potential4quality5chanceUNIT2SECTIONAP39VI6crime7interest8efficiency9strength10creativity1appearance2utterances3attendance4hindrance5maintenance6resistance7performance8existence9occurrence10acceptanceUNIT2SECTIONAP40VIIworld-famousice-coldsnow-white

UNIT2SECTIONAP41VIII4.waterproof5.waist-deep6.carefreeAppositive

同位結(jié)構(gòu)是句子中，指代同一事物的兩個名詞（或詞組）構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系，即一個較長的名詞（或詞組）對一個相鄰的名詞，進(jìn)行更進(jìn)一步的解釋說明。同位結(jié)構(gòu)一般要求一先一后，位置相鄰。例：Mr.Howe,myfavoriteprofessor,hasreceivedan award.

上句中，

myfavoriteprofessor為名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，對名詞Mr.Howe進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。這樣，Mr.Howe和myfavoriteprofessor就構(gòu)成一組同位結(jié)構(gòu)。Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.IX.同位結(jié)構(gòu)Mr.Howe,myfavoriteprofessor,hasreceivedaDistinguishedTeacherAward.YesterdayIwentfishing,somethingIhadn’tdoneinyears.Somewomenarenormallyinactivebutthenallofasuddenstartaprogramofintenseexercise,anactionthatbreaksthelawsofsportsscience.4.EvenabriefvisittoGreece,amoderncountrywithancientcivilization,givesyouadeepsenseofitsculture.5.TheancientChinese,apeopleofinventors,discoverers,philosophers,soldiers,poets,craftsmen,gavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（AbsoluteStructure）一、概念獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是由名詞或代詞加上分詞等構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，用于修飾整個句子。如：hisworkdone獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的主語和主句的主語不同。此結(jié)構(gòu)可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗號將其與主句分開。需特別注意的是，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句之間不能使用任何連接詞。如

hisworkdone,Johnwenthome.二、語法功能獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般作狀語，表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況以及補(bǔ)充說明等；有時也可以作定語。1）動詞不定式表示動作沒有發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生；Themanagerlooksworried，manythingstosettle.經(jīng)理看上去很著急,有這么多的事情要處理。（不定式tosettle表示事情還沒有處理）2)過去分詞形式表示動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束；Themanagerlooksrelaxed,manythingssettled.許多事情已經(jīng)處理好了，經(jīng)理看上去很輕松。（過去分詞settled表示動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，即事情已經(jīng)處理好了）3)現(xiàn)在分詞形式往往表示動作正在進(jìn)行。

Thefoodbeingcooked,theboywaswatchingTV.他一邊做飯，一邊看電視(做飯和看電視兩個動作同時進(jìn)行)構(gòu)成名詞/代詞

+分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞；過去分詞；不定式；形容詞；副詞；名詞；介詞短語）Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)thelevelgoingupnearly30times是對整

個句子的補(bǔ)充說明；

如何判斷是否是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)？1）構(gòu)成：名詞thelevel+現(xiàn)在分詞goingup;2)兩個小分句中間無連接詞;3)且兩個分句的邏輯主語不同。X.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1.Hishomeworkdone,hiscompositionwritten,Larrydecidedtogoandseethefilm.2.Themanagersatquietlyintheoffice,(his)eyesclosed,waitingforthetelephonetoring.3.Theroomwasamess,emptybottlesandbeercans(being)everywhere.4.WhenIwalkedin,Grandpawassittingatthekitchentable,thenewspaperspreadbeforehim.5.Dianastoodmotionlessattheendofthedivingboard,tearsstreamingdownhercheeks.XI.漢譯英1.Thedefendant,awomanofonly30,keptinsistingonherowninnocence.2.Allthingsconsidered,dates,beansandsomeleafygreenvegetablesarethebestsourcesofiron.3.Nobeveragesareservedwithmealsbecausetheyinterferewithdigestion.4.Takingthepopularityoftheregionintoconsideration,itisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.5.Ifyouhaveafeelingofwantingtothrowupaftertakingthisdrug,stoptakingitimmediatelyandconsultyourdoctorassoonaspossible.6.Summingupthediscussion,hesaidbothpartiesshouldconsiderthemosteffectivewaytosolvetheproblem.XII.英譯漢1.作為補(bǔ)救缺鐵的一種辦法，專家推薦食用肉、雞和魚，它們是最好的鐵質(zhì)來源，也是唯一最容易被身體吸收的鐵質(zhì)來源。2.鐵質(zhì)儲量為零時，你會覺得虛弱，疲乏無力，喘不過氣，這是缺鐵第三階段的典型癥狀。

3.耐力運(yùn)動員，尤其是女性，經(jīng)常會缺鐵，如果增食肉類食物或服用鐵質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑，能夠恢復(fù)到健康狀態(tài)。

4.這位運(yùn)動醫(yī)學(xué)專家認(rèn)為，感到勞累、工作效率差的人，最好食用牛肉、羊肉，它們含有最易被吸收的鐵質(zhì)。

5.鐵質(zhì)儲量低的人應(yīng)該去咨詢醫(yī)生，看看是否應(yīng)通過調(diào)整飲食或服用鐵質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑來校正不足。

6.一般說來，如果你忽視自己攝入的鐵質(zhì)含量，不在鐵質(zhì)儲備失去之前注意警告信號，你會有危險。WritingNHCE寫作模式Writing寫作實(shí)踐預(yù)習(xí)課文導(dǎo)入小結(jié)FromcausetoeffectsFromeffectbacktocausesI.StructureWriting1.StructureAnalysisCauseandeffectisoneofthemostcommonlyusedwritingtechniques.Therearetwotypes:Writing—StructureWritingUnit2作業(yè)P42XI英譯漢部分

ReadingSkills

TextStudy

NotestotheText

WordsandExpressions

IdeaSharingSectionB

DistinguishingBetween

FactsandOpinionsReadingSkillsAswelearnedinUnit2,Book1andUnit8,Book2,itisveryimportanttotellfactsfromthewriter’sopinionsduringthecourseofreading.Thenwhatarefacts?Andopinions?facts—whatreallyhappened;objective

(客觀的)opinions

—ideas,feelings,judgmentsorbeliefthatyougetfromfacts;subjective(主觀的)ReadingSkillsExample1Herstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekforsixmonthswaspublishedinthejournalMedicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise.FactorOpinion?Ofcourseitisafact!Theword“published”inthesentenceshowswhatreallyhappened.ReadingSkillsExample

2Ifironlevelsarelow,talkwithaphysiciantoseeifthedeficiencyshouldbecorrectedbymodifyingyourdietorbytakingsupplements.It’sanopinion!Why?Becauseitisexpressedinanimperativesentence,whichindicatesanopinionfromthewriter.FactorOpinion?ReadingSkillsThebiggestdifficultyindistinguishingfactsfromopinionsWhenyouagreewiththewriter’sopinions,youmaytakethosesubjectivethingsforgranted,thatis,youmaymistakeopinionsforfacts!e.g.He’ssogoodlooking,smartandfunny.FactorOpinion?ReadingSkillsIt’sanopinion!Why?Maybeyoualsothinkthesameasthewriterthatheisgoodlooking,butitdoesn’tmeanotherpeoplewillacceptthisidea.‘Goodlooking’,‘smart’and‘funny’arejustthe

judgements

ofthewriterandnotnecessarilythetruth!ReadingSkillsCanyoudistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions?Opinion?Fact?ReadingSkillsWhydoyouhavetolistentosuchhorriblestuff?It’sthesamethingoverandover.I’mnotsureitisreallymusic,thoughitdoeshaverhythm.b.Theamountofmoneyinvested(投資)

annually(每年)bythisgovernment,on

environmentalissuesalone,is$2m.Opinion!Fact!ReadingSkillsc.Itisclearthattheonlyreasonable

solutiontoreturntonatureistotap(開發(fā))nuclearpower.d.AfterSandyhadleftforschool,JaneFinchsatdowninpeaceandquiettodrinkhercoffee.Opinion!Fact!ReadingSkills1.D2.B3.D4.C

5.A6.C7.A8.A

UNIT2SECTIONBP53II1.Thedefendant,awomanofonly30,.(她堅(jiān)持稱自己無罪)2.Allthingsconsidered,dates,beansandsomeleafygreenvegetablesare.(最好的鐵質(zhì)來源)keptinsistingonherowninnocence

thebestsourcesofiron3.Nobeveragesareservedwithmealsbecause.(飲料會影響消化)4.,(考慮到那個地區(qū)受歡迎的程度)itisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.theyinterferewithdigestion

Takingthepopularityoftheregionintoconsideration

5.Ifyouhaveafeelingofwantingto,(服藥后若有嘔吐感)stoptakingitimmediatelyandconsultyourdoctorassoonaspossible.6.,(總結(jié)這次討論時)hesaidbothpartiesshouldconsiderthemosteffectivewaytosolvetheproblem.

throwupaftertakingthisdrug

Summingupthediscussion

1.Asawaytoremedyirondeficiency,expertsrecommendmeat,chickenandfish,thebestsourcesofiron,and`

.(也是唯一最容易被身體吸收的鐵質(zhì)來源)。theonlysourcesoftheformofironmostreadilyabsorbedbythebody2.Ironreservesgonetozero,,,whichisthetypicalsymptomofthethirdstageofirondeficiency.(你會覺得虛弱，疲乏無力，喘不過氣

)youfeelweak,tiredandoutofbreath3.Enduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,whofrequentlyhaveirondeficiency,

iftheyconsumeadditionalmeator