高中英語語法-名詞性從句的用法

名詞性從句語序問題特殊句式引導(dǎo)詞的區(qū)分種類名詞性從句1.Whatlifewillbelikeisdifficulttopredict.2.SomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland.3.Thenewsthattheplanwouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy4.Hissuggestionisthatweshouldgotheretogether.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句I名詞性從句的種類II．語序問題1.Thephotographswillshowyou____．（NMET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine______whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited3.Heasked____foraviolin.（NMET92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid

歸納:名詞性從句的語序1、名詞性從句都用陳述語序，即把引導(dǎo)詞放在從句開頭，后邊采用“主語+謂語”結(jié)構(gòu)。2、感嘆句變?yōu)橘e語從句，也應(yīng)用陳述語序。Youdon’tknowhowhappytheyweretoseeeachother.

Ⅲ.名詞性從句的連接詞一、主語從句連詞that(無詞義,不作成分,不能省略);whether(是否),不用if.Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.注意:已確定的事由that引導(dǎo);沒決定的事由whether引導(dǎo).

3.連接副詞when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever),howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar等.Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howlongwewilldiscussmustbeagreedon.2.連接代詞what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever,howmany等.Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.Itworriedherabit

____herhairwasturninggrey.（MET92）A．whileB.thatC．if

D．for特殊句式_______breaksthelawwillbepunished.AWho BWhoever CNomatterwho DAnyone特殊句式whoever=anyonewho

Canyouunderstandthem?It

iswell-known/reported/thought/believed/felt/said/…that…

It

is

clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/…that…It

isapity/ashame/anhonor/…that…Itseems/appearsthat…

It(so)happensthat…Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…

為了使句子保持平衡，常用______來代替主語從句或賓語從句，而把主語從句或賓語從句放到______，尤其是連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句常用于此種句式中，但what，whatever，whoever，whichever引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不后置。

歸納

it后面二.賓語從句1.

由連詞that引導(dǎo):that常可省略。Herealized(that)hehadmadeamistake.注：并列第二個以上的賓語從句,或有插入語時不能省略that.)Hesaid（that）hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone.用it作形式賓語,that引導(dǎo)的真正的賓語從句放后面時,that不省略.Ourprofessorthoughtitimportantthatweshouldreadwidely.2.由wh-(where,what,who,how,when,whether等)引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)。Wedon’tknowwherehelives.Hetoldmehowheusedthecomputer.Theydidn’tknowwhethertheirparentswouldcometotheclassmeeting.1.介詞后的賓從.Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.2.whetherornot的賓從.Idon’tknowwhetherornotshe’lllikeit.

3.復(fù)合不定式只能用whether.Telluswhethertogoorstayhere.

whether與if

有時可以換用，但下列情況只能用whether.歸納賓語從句須注意1.語序:使用陳述語序;2.呼應(yīng):時態(tài)呼應(yīng);3.引導(dǎo)詞:陳述句用that,一般問句用if或whether,特殊問句用原疑問詞;4.語氣:虛擬語氣,句子涉及insist;

order,command;suggest,advise,propose;ask,demand,desire,require;necessary,important,natural,apity等.三.表語從句表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞與主語從句和賓語從句相同.

但:1.that引導(dǎo)表語從句時不能省.2.if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句應(yīng)使用whether;3．a(chǎn)sif可使用。

Thenews

thatanotherpowerstationwillbebuiltcheeredallthevillagers.

Wordcamethatmanhadlandedonthemoon.四.同位語從句同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact,news,word,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,view,idea,answer,information,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion；doubt,problem,puzzle等后面,用以說明或解釋前面的中心名詞.注:1.

同位語從句多用that引導(dǎo)2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句.

Ihavenoideawherehelives.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcome.Ihavenoideawhathedid.1.that與what2.if與whether3.who與whoeverwhat與whateverIV．引導(dǎo)詞的區(qū)分I.在下列各句空格中填入what或that：

1.________youaredoingseemsverydifficult.2.________Tomwillrefusetheofferisunlikely.3.________theprisonerescapedbythebackdoorisquiteclear.4.Heisgreatlyinterestedin________theteacherteaches.5.Theywillbeverythankfulfor________youcangivethem.6.Thestudentalwayspaysattentionto_________theteacherssay.

WhatThatThatwhatwhatwhatthat和what二者都引導(dǎo)這些從句，主要區(qū)別在于：that是連詞，在從句中既不充當(dāng)成分又沒有意義

．Thefactisthathehasn’tyetrecoveredfromillness.Thereasonwhyhehastogoisthathismotherisillinbed.what是連接代詞既起連接作用，又充當(dāng)句子成分。Whathesaidatthemeetingmadeussurprised.1）____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.（S92)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether

高考題選萃2)____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)There’safeelinginme___we’llneverknowwhataUFOis---notever.(s2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what

2.用if或whether填空1._______thecompanywillbuyheramobilephonehasnotbeendecided.2.Thequestionis_______hewillhelpus3.Iworryabout_______Ihurtherfeelings.4.Iwonder________hewillattendthemeetingornot.Whetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.whetherWhetherIf2.if和whether下列情況用whether而不用if:1)引導(dǎo)主語從句（位于句首）、表語從句、同位語從句時；Whetherwe’llgotoclimbthehilldependsontheweather.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Thequestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeen

decided.2)做介詞的賓語時；I’mworriedaboutwhetherhecanarriveintime.3)引導(dǎo)賓語從句緊跟ornot時；Pleasetellmewhetherornotyouagree.4)與不定式連用時，只能用whether;Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.5)動詞discuss后引出的賓語從句；Let’sdiscusswhetherweshallgobyplane.6)賓語從句本身是否定句時；Idon’tcarewhetherhedoesn’tcome.注意：在條件狀語從句中，表示“如果”時，用if不用whether.1.____the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.(92)A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where高考題選萃3.選擇填空

（what,whatever,who,whoever1._________wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._______weneedismoretime.3._______madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoever

whoever,whatever,whichever等既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，語氣比較強(qiáng),而nomatter加疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。另外what,who引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,但是語氣比較弱.歸納

who,whoever/what,

whatever?1.____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(s99)A.Who

B.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever高考題選萃2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof____sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho3.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo____Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever

4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild

____heorshewants.（NMET97）

A.howeverB.whateverC.whichever

D.whenever5.____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（MET88）

A.Anyone

B.ThepersonC.Whoever

D.Who

VI鞏固練習(xí)1.Thequestionis____

thefilmisworthseeing．A．if

B．whatC．whetherD．how2.Oneofthemenheldtheview

____thebooksaidwasright．A．thatwhatB．WhatthatC．that

D．whether3.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge,Ican'tremember

____.A．whereB．thereC．whichD．that4.Energyis

____makesthingswork．A．what