必修第二冊Unit5閱讀題組-練速度

必修第二冊Unit5閱讀題組——練速度I.閱讀AInnovativeDesignsforAccessibilityDeadline:2021-11-30Award:$7,500TheInnovativeDesignsforAccessibilitychallengesuniversitystudentsacrossCanadatousetheircreativitytodevelopinnovative,cost-effectiveandpracticalsolutionstoaccessibilitybarriersforpeoplewithdisabilities.CleanTechpetitionDeadline:2021-11-13Award:$28,000TheCleanTechpetitionisaunique,worldwideresearchanddesignchallengeforprecollegeyouth.ThepetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmath)relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,andpreparethenextgenerationofgloballypetitiveinnovators.AgileRoboticspetitionDeadline:2021-11-1()Award:$17,500AgileRoboticspetitionisasimulalion-based(仿真)petitiondesignedtopromoteagility(靈活)inindustrialrobotsystemsbyemployingthelatestadvancesinartificialintelligenceandrobotplanning.Thepetitionwillbeheldvirtually,sothereisnoneedtotraveltopete.ThepetitionwillusetheGazebosimulationtool.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallengeDeadline:2021-11-24Award:$5,000TheWearableRoboticsAssociationisinvitingentriesthatrepresentthemostinnovativenewideasinwearablerobotictechnology.Thereviewmitteewillselectasmanyastenfinalists.Theoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconferenceandwillreceive$5.000toacceleratethenewtechnology..Whichpetitionfavorspetitorswithacreativemindinhelpingthedisabled?解釋，據(jù)此可知,空處講的是與“善于溝通的同事”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容,E項(xiàng)意為“人們看重能有效溝通的同事”與該處匹配，故選E項(xiàng)。.F解析根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主旨句;根據(jù)該段中的“Thismcansnotonly...whatthcpcrsonissaying.”可知，這意味著你不僅要用耳朵去聽,還要能夠理解對方在說什么。據(jù)此可知，該段主要陳述傾聽在溝通中的重要性。故F項(xiàng)“能夠傾聽他人在溝通過程中非常重要”符合該處，故選F項(xiàng)。.D解析根據(jù)空處下句“Pulyourself...onyourownbeliefs.“可知，要站在對方的角度考慮問題，而不是基于自己的信念去評判或批評。據(jù)此可知，空處說明應(yīng)當(dāng)從別人的角度看問題。故選D項(xiàng)。.B解析根據(jù)該段首句“EncouragingotherswiH...intheworkplace.”可知，鼓勵(lì)他人可以增強(qiáng)自信，讓你在工作中更受賞識;結(jié)合空處下文“youhelpothersfeel./espectedbyco-workers.”可知，通過贊揚(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)，你會讓他人感到同事需要他們、歡迎他們、尊重他們。故選B項(xiàng)。5.G解析根據(jù)語境可知,空處為該段主旨句;根據(jù)空處下句“Besuretomaintaineyecontact...tohelpyoufomclearerthoughts.”可知，在你和別人說話的大部分時(shí)間里,一定要保持眼神交流，并用手勢來幫助你形成更清晰的思路。據(jù)此可知，該段主要說明保持眼神交流、使用手勢等肢體語言在溝通中的重要性。故選G項(xiàng)。A.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge.B.AgileRoboticspetition.C.CIeanTechpetition.D.InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility..WhichofthefollowingistheaimofCleanTechpetition?A.ToimprovetheresearchonSTEM.B.Todevelopteenagers'abilitytoinnovate.C.Tohelpstudentsgotobeloveduniversities.D.Toencourageuniversitystudentstobeinnovators..WhatcanweknowaboutWearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge?A.petitorswithcreativityaremorelikelytowin.B.Thefinal10petitorscangetawards.C.Onlyteenagerscantakepartinthepetition.D.petitorscanhandintheirworksinDecember.B“IabsolutelyknewthatIcouldbeaphysician,“saysPatriceHarris."ButneverinmywildestdreamsdidIthinkIwouldbepresidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssocialion(AMA).“HarrisisthefirstAfricanAmericanwomanevertobeelectedpresidentoftheAMA.Harrisgrewupinasmalltown,andbeingadoctorfeltlikeadreamforher.4tEventhoughIknewIwantedtobeaphysician,“shesaid,“Ihadnoideahowtogetthere."Harrisworkedextremelyhardtoachieveherdream.Shesaid,“Inlife,noneofusgetthroughwithoutanysetback.What'simportantistolearnfromthesechaHcnges."HarrisplctcdherundergraduateandgraduatestudiesatWestVirginiaUniversity.WhenHarriswasinherthirdyearofmedicalschool,shedecidedtospecializeinpsychiatry(精神病學(xué)),thestudyandtreatmentofmentalillnesses/'SomeofmypatientshadwhatIthoughtwereveryinterestingdisorders,nshesaid."Andtherewassomethingneweveryday.”In2007,HarriswonthePsychiatristoftheYearAwardandwidelyrecognizedasatopdoctor.Butitisnotawards,shesaid,butrathertreatingandcaringforherpatientsthathasmotivatedherthroughouthercareer."Thatinteractionwithmypatientsisveryfulfilling,becauseeveryopportunitythatIhavetohelpapatientinneedissomeaningfukanditshowsmewhyIoriginallywantedtogointoIheprofessionofmedicine,“Hanissaid.Aspresident,Harrishopestomakesurethatpeopleacrossthecountryhaveaccesstotheresourcestheyneedtoensuregoodhealthandthateveryoneisonapath.Shesaid,“Everyoneshouldhavethesameopportunitiestoliveahealthylife.”4.WhatcanwclearnaboutPatriceHarrisfromParagraph1?A.Shcistalentedasaphysician.B.SheisthefirstwomanpresidentoftheAMA.C.ShehadneverintendedtobepresidentoftheAMA.D.Shewasambitiousandgenerousatayoungage.5.WhatcanHarrisowehersuccessto?A.Family'ssupport.B.Enoughchances.C.Learningfromsetbacks.D.Hardworkandpreciseplans..WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHarrisasapsychiatrist?A.Worried.B.Devoted.C.Aggressive.D.Generous..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fulfilling“inParagraph3probablymean?A.Powerful.B.Encouraging.C.Disappointing.D.Rcwarding.CA293-million-miIejourneyoftheNASAPerseverancerover（探測器）toMarsendedsuccessfullyonFebruary18,2021,withapicture-perfectlandinginsidetheJezeroCrater.Thecar-sizcd,six-whcclcdrover,nicknamedPercySstheUSspaceagency'sbiggestandmostadvancedexplorertodate.Itsprimarymissionistosearchforsignsofancientmicrobial（微生物的）lifeonMars.LandingonMarsisextremelytricky.TheRedPlanet5sgravilalional（引力的）pullcausesapproachingspacecrafttogofastertohighspeeds,whileitsthinatmosphere-just1percentthatofEarth's—docslittletohelpslowitdownasitapproachesthesurface.ThescientistshadtoreducePercy*s12,000mphspeedtoasafelandingspeedoflessthanfivemph-injustsixandahalfminutes.Thetargetentryanglealsohadtobeaprecise12degrees—anysteeper,andthespacecraftwouldbumup;anyflattenanditwouldgetlostinspace.ltisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthe“sevenminutesofterror”.Uponattainingamanageablespeed,Pe/cybrieflyflewovertheMartiansurfacetoseekouttheperfectlandingspot.Itsplexmap-readingsystemrapidlyscannedtheareaandmatcheditwithmapsinitsdatabasetofindthebestlocation.TheNASAscientistswillspendthenexttwomonthstestingPercy"sscientificinstruments.Onceready,theroverwillbegintocarryoutitsmission.^Perseveranceisthesmartestrobotevermade,butconfirmingthatmicrobiallifeonceexistedcarriesanunusuallylargeburdenofproof,“saidLoriGlaze,directorofNASA'sPlanetaryScienceDivision."Whilewe'11learnalotwiththegreatinstrumentswehaveaboardtherover,itmayverywellrequirethefarmorewell-equippedlaboratoriesanddelicateinstrumentsbackhereonEarthtotelluswhetheroursamples（樣本）carryevidencethatMarsonceharboredlife.”.WhatistheextraordinarychallengefortherovertolandonMars?A.Thespeedreduction.B.Theatmosphereanalysis.C.Thelocationsearch.D.Thctimemanagement..WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waystofindthepreciseentryangle.B.Consequencesofwrongentrydegree.C.Factorstosurvive“thesevenminules”.D.Reasonsforthenecessityofspeedreducing.lO.Whatdoes“it"refertoinParagraph4?A.Thespot.B.Thearea.C.Thesystem.D.Thcsurface.WhatcanbeinferredfromLoriGlaze'swords?A.Instrumentsaboardtheroverarenotquitereliable.B.Perseveranceisabletocollectenoughevidenceneeded.C.ManstillhasalongwaytogotoprovelifewasonMars.D.SamplesofMarswillbereturnedsoontoourlabsonEarth.DAnyonewhomutes（通勤）bycarknowsthattrafficjamsareanunavoidablepartoflife.Buthumansarenotaloneinfacingpotentialjams.Antsalsomute一betweentheirnestsandsourcesoffood.Thesurvivaloftheircoloniesdependsondoingthjsefficiently.Whenhumansmute,thereJsapointatwhichcarsbeedense（稠密的）enoughtoslowdownIheflowoftraffic,causingajam.Researcherswantedtoknowifantsonthemovecouldalsogetstuck.SotheyregulatedtrafficdensitybyconstructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetweenacolonyofArgentineantsandasourceoffood.Thentheywaitedandwatched,tryingtofindoutatwhatpointtheyweregoingtohaveatrafficjam.Butitappearedthatthatneverhappened.Theyalwaysmanagedtoavoidatrafficjam.Theflowofantsdidincreaseinthebeginningasantsstartedtofillthebridgeandthenleveledoffathighdensity.Butitneversloweddownorstoppcd,evenwhenthebridgewasnearlyfilledwithants.Theresearchersthentookacloserlookathowthebehaviourofindividualantsimpactedtrafficasawhole.Andtheyfoundthatwhenantssenseovercrowdingjheyadjusttheirspeedsandavoidenteringhigh-densityareas,whichpreventsjams.Thcirbehaviourmaybepromotedbypheromones,chemicalsthatcantellotherantswhereatrailis.Theantsalsomanagetoavoidcolliding（碰撞）witheachotherathighdensity,whichcouldreallyslowthemdown.Canantshelpussolveourowntrafficproblems?Nollikely.That'sbecausewhenitestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputtheirowngoalsfirst.Individualantshavetobemorecooperativeinordertofeedthecolony.Buttheresearchcouldbeusefulinimprovingtrafficflowforself-drivingcars,whichcanbedesignedtobelesslikeselfishhumans-andmorelikeants..WhatdoestheunderlinedworcTthis"inParagraph2referto?A.Surviving.B.muting.C.Findingfood.D.Avoidingjams..Howdidtheresearcherscontrolthetrafficdensityofthemutingants?A.Throughcloserobservation.B.Byregulatingtheirnumbers.C.Byfindingoutthedensepoints.D.Bycontrollingthewidthsoftheirpath..Howcanantsavoidtrafficjamsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theyfollowaspecialroute.B.Theymaketheirflowsteadyathighdensity.C.Theyneverstoporslowdownontheway.D.Theydependontheirnaturalchemicalstomakeadjustment.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TrafficJamsB.SurvivalofanAntColonyC.Unavoidable?NotforAnts!0.DifferencesBetweenHumansandAntsI【.七選五Intheworkplace,oneofthemostimportantskillstopossessisgoodmunication.1;itmeanstheyareabletolistentoothers,aswellassuccessfullyconveytheirownideasandopinions.Whilelisteningandspeakingareimportantineffectivemunication,thereareotherskillsthatarevitaltogoodmunicationintheworkplace.2.Thismeansnotonlylisteningwithyourearsbutalsobeingabletoprehendwhatthepersonissaying.Givingco-workersyourfullattentionwhentheyareconveyinganideacangoalongwayinbuildingrelationshipsandfurtheringprogress.Havingempathy（同情）isveryusefulinmunication.3.Putyourselfintheotherperson'spositioninsteadofjudgingorcriticizingbasedonyourownbeliefs.Whilethismaybedifficultforsome,empathizingwithotherscanbeveryhelpfulinkeepingintunewithyourownemotionsandideas.Encouragingotherswillheightenconfidenceandappreciationintheworkplace._4,youhelpothersfeeltheyarewanted,weledandrespectedbyco-workers.Peoplearemuchmorelikelytosparenoeffortiftheyknowtheyarcvalued.Bodylanguagecangreatlyimpacthowotherstreatyouintheworkplace.Beingextroverted（夕卜向的）andfriendlyletsco-workersknowyouareopentohearingtheiropinionsaboutprojectsornewdesigns.5.Besuretomaintaineyecontactthemajorityofthetimeyouarespeakingwithsomeone,andusehandgesturestohelpyouformclearerthoughts.Smilingoffersencouragementandcreatesanoticeabledifferenceinhowyouaretreated.Peoplewhosmilemoreareseenasmoreapproachableandtrustworthy.Whilemanyofthesegoodmunicationskillsoccurnaturallyinindividuals,somemayneedtobelearnedandpracticedinordertobeesecondnature.A.WhilemunicationisimportantB.BypraisingothersandofferingwordsofencouragementC.Praisingco-workershelpsmunicationgosmoothlyD.ItinvolvesseeingthingsfromthepointsofviewofothersE.Peoplevalueco-workerswhocanmunicateeffectivelyF.BeingabletolistentoothersisvitalinthemunicationprocessG.Bodylanguageisalargepartofbeingempatheticandencouraging答案：I.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)競賽項(xiàng)目及其相關(guān)信息。.D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility部分中的“forpeoplewilhdisabililies”可知，該競賽旨在鼓勵(lì)利用創(chuàng)新思維幫助殘疾人。故選D項(xiàng)。.B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CleanTechpctition部分中的€€ThepetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andniath)relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,andpreparethenextgenerationofgloballypetiliveinnovalors.”可知，培養(yǎng)下一代，即青少年的創(chuàng)新能力是CleanTechpelition的目標(biāo)。故選B項(xiàng)。.A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge部分t4TheoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconferenceandwillreceiveS5,OOOtoacceleratethenewtechnology.”可^a,WearableRobotics!nnovationChallenge競賽關(guān)注的是創(chuàng)新能力，由此推知,有創(chuàng)造力的參賽者更有可能獲勝。B、D兩項(xiàng)表述有誤,C項(xiàng)在文中并未提及，故選A項(xiàng)?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會的主席PatriceHarris的相關(guān)事跡。.C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中tlButneverinmywildestdreamsdidIthinkIwouldbepresidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssocialion(AMA).”可知,她做夢也沒想過會成為美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會主席，由此可見,她以前從來沒打算過成為這個(gè)主席。故選C項(xiàng)。.C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Harrisworkcdcxtrcmclyhardtoachicvcherdrcam.Shesaid,*Inlifc,noncofusgctthroughwithoutanysetback.What'simportantistolearnfromthesechallenges/”可知，人的生活中都會有挫折,最重要的是要從這些挑戰(zhàn)中去學(xué)習(xí)，而歷經(jīng)這些挫折加上勤奮才能成功。由此可知，她要把自己的成功歸功于從挫折習(xí)。故選C項(xiàng)。.B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中4lButitisnotawards,shesaid,butrathcrtreatingandcaringforhcipaticntsthathasmotivatcdhcrthroughouthercareer."和“…everyopportunity…professionofmedicine”可知，作為一名醫(yī)生,是治療和照顧病人這件事成為她職業(yè)生涯的動(dòng)力，可知她對工作是全心全意的。故選B項(xiàng)。.D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中"...becauseeveryopporlunitythatlhavetohelpapatientinneedissomeaningfuLanditshowsmewhyloriginallywantedtogointotheprofessionofmedicine”可知,她認(rèn)為每次有機(jī)會幫助病人是很有意義的，由此可見，她認(rèn)為和病人的互動(dòng)是值得的,fulfilling與下文meaningful相呼應(yīng)，故選D項(xiàng)?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了“毅力號”探測器的主要任務(wù)，及其登陸火星過程中的情況。.A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，火星引力會使得接近火星的航天器更快速行進(jìn)，并且火星稀薄的大氣層對減緩航天器的速度幾乎沒有幫助，故減速是“毅力號”探測器登陸火星的特別挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。.C解析主旨大意題。通讀第三段內(nèi)容可知，該段尾句"Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoa