必修三U4scientistswhochangedtheworld集體備課5

主備人：—審核人：用案時間：年一月—日星期一NO:TeachingcontentBook3Unit4ScientistswhochangedtheworldGrammarl:thepastparticiplesLearningaimsBytheendofthesection,studentswillbeableto:Summarizethegrammaticalrulesofthepastparticiplesusedasadverbials,predicative,attributivesandobjectplements;Learntousethepastparticiplesindifferentsituations.ImportantpointsLearntherulesofthepastparticiplesasattributivesandadverbialsandobjectplements.Usetherulescorrectlyindifferentsituations.DifHcultpointsHowtoapplythepastparticiplesindifferentsituations.TeachingmethodsIndividualwork.&groupwork.practiceTeachingaidsMultimedia&BlackboardTeachingProceduresStep1RevisionWhatfunctioncanthepastparticiplesbeusedas?Step2Usageofthepastparticiples(verb-ed)感知以下句子中的加黑詞并判斷在句中作何成分l.TuYouyouhasbeethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria......malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.Bornin1930,inNingbo,ZhejiangProvince,TustudiedmedicineatuniversityinBeijingbetween1951and1955.Inspiredbya1,700-ycar-oIdtextaboutpreparingqinghaoextractwithcoldwater,Turedesignedtheexperiments...Whenhearrivedathisoffice,hefoundhisdeskremovedalready.以上句子中加黑部分在句中分別作以下成分：1.、2.、3.、4.、5.,,總結(jié)：過去分詞在句中作,,和oStep3Presentation一、過去分詞作狀語【典例】When(ask)forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.(use)withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.【方法指導(dǎo)】.作狀語的過去分詞要求其邏輯主語與句子的主語保持一致。.如句子的主語是分詞動作的承受者，就用過去分詞形式(done)。.過去分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句或者并列句，表示被動和完成。.帶有連詞的過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個省略句，省略的部分為主語+bc的相應(yīng)變化形式。Thegirlisveryshy,andneverspeaksuntilspokento.這女孩怕羞，不給她說話她從不說話。.選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語，即與句子主語的邏輯關(guān)系，如分詞的動作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。.如果過去分詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語要與主句的主語一致，如果與主句的主語不一致，就用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于狀語從句?！咀兪健?【時間狀語】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen(pare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.【變式】2【條件狀語】Time,(use)correctly,ismoneyinthebank.【變式】3[2021屆江蘇省揚州市高三上學(xué)期期初調(diào)研】(pare)withothersatellitenavigationsystems,theBDSoperatesmoresatellitesinhighorbit,andtransmitsnavigationsignalsatmorefrequencies.Thesefeaturesenablebettermoreaccurateservices.【妥式】4(2021屆江蘇省泰州高三上學(xué)期第一次月度檢測】Inordertoknowaforeignlanguagethoroughly,fourthingsarenecessary.First,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehearit(speak).二、過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語時，如果是一個單詞，就位于其修飾的名詞之前作前置定語；如果是分詞短語，就位于其修飾的名詞之后作后置定語入【典例】.OrissaisthehometothreemassnestingsitesoftheOliverturtles,aspecies(threaten)withextinction,andoneofthesites,Gahirmatha,wherearound70to80millionturtleslayeggsonthebeacheveryyear,isconsideredoneoftheworld'slargestnestingsites..Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem(call)caffeinism..Thereport,whichwaspublishedinTheLancetin2019,wasbasedonresearchdonewithstudents(age)11to17in146differentcountries..Fooditemsthemselveshavemeaning(attach)tothem.InmanyWesterncountries,aboxofchocolatewouldbeviewedasanappropriategift.【方法指導(dǎo)】以下過去分詞作定語只表示完成，不表示被動：afallentree/lcaf:倒下的樹/落葉therisensun/moon:升起了的太陽/月亮afadedrose:凋謝的玫瑰花aretiredworker:退休工人anescapedprisoner:逃犯areturnedstudent:歸國留學(xué)生【變式】1【江蘇省徐州市(市區(qū)部分)2021屆高三學(xué)情調(diào)研】Thesurveyshowsthatroughlythree-quartersofthe86treespecies39.(survey)haveshiftedtheirpopulationcenterswestwardsince1980.[變式】2Astudyoftravelers(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.【變式】3(2015?全國II,61)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)三.過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，與句中的賓語存在被動關(guān)系，如：WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundthegroundcoveredbyfallenleaves.*典例】（2020?新課標(biāo)II卷語法填空）Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes65.（decorate）withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar（wash）.【方法指導(dǎo)】.使役動詞have,get,make,leave,keep等后可用過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語。Sheraisedhervoicetomakeherselfheardbyallthepeopleinthehall.她提高了嗓音讓大廳里的人都能聽得見她說的話。.感官動詞see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后，可用過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語。Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.剛才我看到一位老人被車撞倒了。WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我進(jìn)去時發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。.表示“意愿;命令”的動詞，如like,want,wish,order等后河用過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語，相當(dāng)于過去分詞前省略了tobe。Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano這位父親想讓他的女兒學(xué)鋼琴。Theyaretalkingabouttheplantheywishcarriedoutnextyear.他們正在談?wù)撝Ｍ髂昴軐嵤┑哪莻€計劃。.在“with+賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補(bǔ)足語，過去分詞與賓語之間為動賓關(guān)系。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中做時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。Sheusuallyworksinherstudywiththedoorlocked.她通常鎖著門在書房工作。Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindback.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。_［變式］1.（2021?天津高三二模）Withherattentiononthebook,thegirlsattherequietly.A.tobefixedB.fixC.fixedD.fixing［變式］2.Thefiremantoldusthetroublestheyhadthefire.A.getting;controlledB.got;controllcdC.got;tocontrolD.getting;tocontrol［變式］3.Shewastoonervoustospeakwithsomanyeyesonher.fixingB.fixedC.beingfixedD.tofix【變式】4.IliketogetupearlysothatIcangetplentyofworkbeforelunch.A.tododoneC.doingD.beingdone四.過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語時，表示其邏輯主語所處的狀態(tài)，其邏輯主語就是句中的主語，作表語用的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞。如：crowded,devoted,discouraged,done,dressed,drunk,experienced,frightened,gone,hurt,interested,killed,known,learned,lost,pleased,satisfied,shut,surprised,tired,undressed,worried,astonished,broken,pleted,covered等?！镜淅浚?020』折江高三）ThehairdressershowedmeabookwithsomanydiversehairstylesthatIgotanddidn'tknowwhichonetochoose.A.confusedB.toconfuseC.confusingD.tobeconfused（2020?全國高三）Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget,Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.A.promoteB.promotedC.promotingD.topromote【變式】(2020?全國高三)Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalputerandthephoneareimportantinstaying(connect).(用單詞適當(dāng)形式填空)(2020?江蘇揚州市?儀征市第二高三月考)InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained(stick)abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.(所給單詞的正確形式填空)Summary:過去分詞可作狀語、定語或補(bǔ)語，表示被動與完成；若作表語?？嫉臑樾稳菰~性化的過去分詞；過去分詞不可作主語或賓語。Step4PracticeApplyingtherules隨堂練習(xí)單句語法填函Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands(tie)behindhisback.Theoldmanlayonthebeachatease,(expose)tothesun.When(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.Don?tleavethatmanoverthere(wait)outsideandshowhiminnow.rdlikeyoutolookatastudy(conduct)inAustraliain2020.The(surprise)lookshowedthatshehadn'tknowntheexperiment.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.Whileexploringtheoldhouse,hedecidedtohavethewholehouse(paint)soon.Whenshefoundhermobiledevices(throw)away,shewasveryangry.1().Wewenttothecinemawiththefriendlyhousehold,(fill)withexcitement.H.閱讀下面短文，寫出畫線部分所作的句子成分Borninamountainvillage,Tomwasinterestedinsomethinginvolvedagriculture.Whenhewasyoung,heoftenhelpedhisfatherwitht