2023學(xué)年完整版Unit1Greatscientists同步練習(xí)7

Unit1Greatscientists同步練習(xí)(2009·江蘇省啟東中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末考試)以下是一張去年12月份某地大學(xué)生就業(yè)招聘會(huì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的圖片。因全球性的金融危機(jī)，我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)面臨很大的壓力。這種現(xiàn)象在你班引起了一場(chǎng)討論(Isgoingtouniversityuseful？)。假如你是高三學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容，向某英文報(bào)社編輯寫一封信，并談?wù)勀阕约旱目捶?。注意?.詞數(shù)：150左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。Deareditor，Thesedayswediscussedaboutthegraduates'(大學(xué)畢業(yè)生)difficultyingettingjobsbecauseofthefinancialcrisis.Yours，LiHuaDeareditor，Thesedayswediscussedaboutthegraduates'(大學(xué)畢業(yè)生)difficultyingettingjobsbecauseofthefinancialourclass70percentofthestudentsthinkthatitisusefulforustogoto，wheninuniversity，studentscanlearnmorewillbeusefulfortheminthe，theycan'tadaptthemselvestosociety，whichisdevelopingvery，one'seducationalbackgroundisstillthemostimportantbasisforthecompaniestoemploystaff.Butthereare30percentofthestudentsinourclasswhodon'tagreewiththeiropinion，itistruethatgraduatesfinditmoreandmoredifficulttofindajobbecauseoftheworldwidefinancialifemployed，they'realsolow-，goingtouniversitydoesn'tseemtobenecessary，evenitisshowsomeexampleswhoareverysuccessfulbuttheydon'thaveuniversityexperience.Inmyopinion，itisagoodexperienceforusstudentstogotouniversityafterseveralyearsofhardworkinseniormiddlecanbecomestrong-willed，bravetofaceallkindsofdifficultiesandbefullofself-confidence./Ithinkitisnotveryusefultogotowehaveachance，wecangodirectlytomaygetmuchpracticeexperience，whichwillresultinourfastersuccessthangraduates.Yours，LiHuaⅠ.高頻單詞點(diǎn)擊用所給單詞的正確形式填空allsupporthis(science)research.答案：(conclude)didyoucometo？答案：conclusiondrivingshouldbe(severe)punished.答案：(pollute)haddestroyedozonelayer(臭氧層)andcausedmanychangesinweather.答案：'vegotanimportant(announce)tomake.答案：announcementaretwonewhousesunder(construct).答案：teachergavethem(instruct)toarriveearlytomorrowmorning.答案：(contribute)，howeversmall，willbegreatlyappreciated.答案：contributionwerereceivedwith(enthusiastic).答案：actionsmadehim(universe)respected.答案：universallyⅡ.重點(diǎn)短語回顧提出putforward得出結(jié)論drawaconclusion使顯露；暴露expose...to將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來link...to...除……之外；此外apartfrom對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的bestrictwith...7.講得通；有意義makesenseⅢ.常用佳句必備itscausenoritscurewasunderstood.[信息提取]neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)和靠近它的主語一致。[例句仿寫]這個(gè)周末，她不打算去野餐，我也不打算去。NeithershenorIthisweekend.答案：amgoingtohaveapicnicmanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.[信息提取]everytime...“每當(dāng)……”，用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。[例句仿寫]每當(dāng)我發(fā)表意見時(shí)，她總是反駁。Iexpressanopinion，shearguesback.答案：Everytimeseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.[信息提取]...betoblame……應(yīng)受責(zé)備/該負(fù)責(zé)。[例句仿寫]經(jīng)理應(yīng)該對(duì)這起事故負(fù)責(zé)。Themanagerfortheaccident.答案：istoblameplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.[信息提取]withtheplanetsgoingroundit為“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)”。[例句仿寫]燈開著她睡著了。Shefellasleep.答案：withthelightburning5.破解疑難句Ⅳ.交際用語必背討論科學(xué)工作(Talkingaboutscientificjob)personalitywillinthejob？要做這項(xiàng)工作，需要有什么樣的性格？beneeded2.workexperiencewouldbeuseful？什么樣的工作經(jīng)歷是有用的？areyousointhejob？為什么你對(duì)這項(xiàng)工作如此感興趣？interestedamgoodatallkindsofrelationship，soIthinkItheposition.我擅長(zhǎng)處理各種人際關(guān)系，因此，我想我能勝任這個(gè)職位。dealingwithamfitlongwillthetraining？培訓(xùn)將要花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？takeWeconcludedthemeetingat8o'clockwithaprayer/bysayingaprayer.我們?cè)?點(diǎn)鐘以祈禱的形式結(jié)束了會(huì)議。concludevt.&vi.斷定，推斷；使結(jié)束，終止；達(dá)成，締結(jié)concludesth.(fromsth.)conclude(fromsth.)that...)(1)推斷出，斷定concludesth./bydoingsth.以(做)某事結(jié)束某事(2)conclusionn.結(jié)束，結(jié)論inconclusion最后，總之a(chǎn)rriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論cometotheconclusionthat...所得結(jié)論是……①Theinquirytheaccidenthadbeencausedbyhumanerror.調(diào)查結(jié)果認(rèn)為，事故是人為失誤造成的。②Whatconclusionsdidyou？你得出的是什么結(jié)論？③，IshouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyself.最后，我想說說我過得有多么愉快。concludedthatcometo/draw/reachInconclusionWehavecometotheconclusionthecompanyhasbeenmakinggreatprogressthesemonths.解析：cometotheconclusionthat...所得結(jié)論是……。答案：Bexposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光(1)exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)顯露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(2)exposedadj.(指地方)無遮蔽的；不遮擋風(fēng)雨的beexposedto暴露于……Keepindoorsanddon'texposeyourskintothesun.留在屋里，不要讓皮膚在太陽下暴曬。①Hedevotedhimselftorescuingtheinjured，thoughhewasmanydangers.他全心投入到營(yíng)救傷員的工作中，盡管他置身于各種各樣的危險(xiǎn)之中。②Theliquidisnottoair，foritwillsoonevaporate.這種液體不可暴露在空氣中，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)很快蒸發(fā)掉。exposedtobeexposedto(2010·山東濰坊市高三檢測(cè))tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.exposedexposedbeingexposed解析：beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtime為v.-ing短語作主語。beexposedto“暴露于……”。答案：CThereisnocureforthiskindofdiseaseatpresent.目前仍沒有治愈這種疾病的良藥。curen.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治療(1)acureforsth.治療……的方法(2)cure＋疾病名稱治愈某人的疾病cure＋不良行為矯正某人的不良行為(3)與curesth.結(jié)構(gòu)類似的短語還有：remindsth.使某人想起某事suspectsth.懷疑某人(做)某事robsth.搶了某人某物informsth.通知某人某事warnsth.警告某人某事accusesth.控告某人某事①Canyoumycold？你能治好我的感冒嗎？Pleaseinformmeofyourarrivaltimebeforehand.請(qǐng)事先通知我你抵達(dá)的時(shí)間。②Thesepicturesmychildhood.這些照片讓我想起了我的童年時(shí)代。curemeofremindmeofcure，treat，heal，recover(1)cure治療，治愈。多用于藥物治療，并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習(xí)慣。常用于curesth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。(2)treat指治療病人的全過程或活動(dòng)，并不涉及“治愈”這個(gè)結(jié)果。常用于treatsth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。(3)heal指治好外傷或燒傷后的患部(wound，cut，injury，burnetc.)，使傷口愈合；heal不能用來表示“感冒”等疾病的治愈。(4)recover常與介詞from連用，表示從病中痊愈了，恢復(fù)了健康。[以練促記]用cure，treat，heal和recover填空①Thecutsoonover，butitleftascar.②Hehasfromabadcold.③Shewasforhercancer.④Ihopethedoctorcanmeofthepaininmyrecoveredtreatedcureabsorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心Thecompanyhasgraduallyabsorbeditssmallerrivals.該公司逐步地吞并了一些比它小的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。(1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人注意(2)absorbedadj.聚精會(huì)神的；專心致志的；極感興趣的beabsorbedby/into被……吞并；被……所吸收beabsorbedin全神貫注于……；專心于……；熱衷于……(3)表示“全神貫注的”常見短語還有：beburiedin；belostin；fixone'sattentionto；concentrateone'smindon等①Iabookandpaidnoattentiontotheirdiscussion.我當(dāng)時(shí)正專心讀書，沒有注意到他們的討論。②hiswork，Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。Youmustfixyourattentiontowhatyouaredoing.你必須全神貫注地做你所做的事。wasabsorbedinAbsorbedinShewassoinherjobthatshedidn'thearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.解析：句意：她如此專注于她的工作以至于沒有聽見有人在敲門。beabsorbedin全神貫注于……，符合題意。答案：Ablamevt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把……歸咎于……n.過失；責(zé)備It'snotfairtoblameme—it'snotmyfault.責(zé)怪我是不公平的——不是我的錯(cuò)。(1)blamesth.因某事而責(zé)備某人blamesb.把某事怪到某人頭上betoblame應(yīng)受責(zé)備(常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義)(2)bear/taketheblamefor...對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)lay/puttheblameforsb.把某事歸咎于某人身上Myfriendhasnothingtoblamehimselffor.我的朋友無可指責(zé)。①Nobodyforthat.那件事誰都不怪。②Theotherdriverkepttryingtome.另一個(gè)司機(jī)竭力想把事故責(zé)任往我身上推。istoblameputtheblamefortheaccidenton(2009·東北三校模擬)Hisdriver，fortheaccident，hadnotbeendrivingcarefully.blamedbeblamed解析：考查過去分詞。blamedfortheaccident是過去分詞短語作后置定語，blame與所修飾詞driver是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。答案：Acontributevt.&vi.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；投稿(1)contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……contributeto...導(dǎo)致……；向……投稿；有助于……(2)contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)；捐款；稿件makeacontributionto...對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn)WecontributedmoneytoJane'sleavingpresent.我們湊錢給簡(jiǎn)買告別禮物。①Variousfactorscontributedhisdownfall.多種因素導(dǎo)致了他的垮臺(tái)。②Manypeoplemoneyapoorboy，whichhisreturningtoschool.許多人給一個(gè)可憐的小男孩捐錢，這使他重新回到了校園。Hehasmadeanimportantcontributiontothecompany'ssuccess.他對(duì)公司的成功做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。tocontributedtocontributedtoTobehonest，mycarelessnessalottomyfailure.解析：句意：說實(shí)話，我的失敗主要是因?yàn)槲业拇中拇笠?。contributeto導(dǎo)致。donate捐獻(xiàn)；provide提供；offer(主動(dòng))提供。答案：AWhoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes？是誰提出關(guān)于黑洞的理論的？Putyourwatchforward；itisfiveminutesslow.將你的表撥快，慢五分鐘了。We'veputforwardthedateofourweddingbyoneweek.我們已將我們的婚期提前了一周。putforward提出，建議；推薦；將……提前；撥快We'veputforwardthedateofourweddingbyoneweek.我們已將我們的婚期提前了一周。①CanIforthesecretary？我能推薦你作秘書嗎？putyouforwardputaside節(jié)省，儲(chǔ)蓄，儲(chǔ)存putaway放好，積蓄putback放回，撥回putdown記下，鎮(zhèn)壓putin放入，加進(jìn)putoff延期，推遲putout熄滅，撲滅putthrough接通電話putupwith容忍②It'stimetothosefoolishideasandbecomeserious.是打消那些愚蠢想法并認(rèn)真對(duì)待的時(shí)候了。③Shekeepsgoingtothedentist.她老是拖延著不去看牙病。④Hehisbookandbegantolistentome.他把書放在一邊，開始聽我講話。putawayputtingoffputaside(2008·天津高考)Themealover，themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomtotheirdiscussion.awaydownoveron解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語的用法。putaway“把……收起來，放好”；takedown“拆卸，記下，拿下”；lookover“快速地查看”；carryon“繼續(xù)開展，進(jìn)行下去”。由句意“吃完飯后，經(jīng)理們回到會(huì)議室繼續(xù)他們的討論”。可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)“carryon”，其余三項(xiàng)與句意不符。答案：DApartfromtheinjuriestohisfaceandhands，hebrokebothlegsbecauseofdrink-driving.由于酒后駕駛，他除了臉部和雙手受傷以外，兩條腿也斷了。①It‘sagoodpieceofwork，afewslightfaults.除了一些小缺點(diǎn)之外，這不失為一件漂亮的工作。apartfrom除了……之外；此外apartfromapart的相關(guān)詞組：take...apart將……拆開tellAandBapart分辨出A與Bfallapart破裂，斷裂，散開setsb./使與眾不同，使顯得獨(dú)特②IoftensomeoldtoycarswhenIwasachild.很小的時(shí)候，我常拆卸舊玩具車。Herclearandelegantprosesetsherapartfrommostotherjournalists.她的散文凝練高雅，多數(shù)新聞工作者無出其右。tookapart【注意】根據(jù)語境，apartfrom有時(shí)既可以相當(dāng)于besides，也可以相當(dāng)于except或exceptfor。(2010·上海交大附中高三檢測(cè))—IwassurprisedtoseewildflowersinAlaska.—Manypeoplethinkthereisnothingthereiceandsnow.forthanfromof解析：考查介詞短語。ratherthan而不；regardlessof不管，不顧；exceptfor除……外，但表示從整體中去除某個(gè)小細(xì)節(jié)。apartfrom除……之外，符合題意。答案：CItmakessensetotakecareofyourhealth.注意身體健康是明智的。①Hisargumentdoesnot.他的爭(zhēng)論沒有意義。makesense有意義；有道理；講得通(主語通常不是表示“人”的名詞)makesensemakesenseof理解，明白makenosense沒道理，沒意義thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事沒道理inasense在某一方面；就某種意義來說innosense決不②Canyouthearticleatall？你究竟能不能理解這篇文章的意思？③Youareright，butyoudon'tknowallthefacts.在某種意義上你是對(duì)的，但你不了解全部事實(shí)。④ingettingangryaboutit.為此生氣是沒有意思的。makeanysenseofinasenseThere'snosense(1)(2008·福建高考)What'stheofhavingapublicopenspacewhereyoucan'teat，drinkorevensimplyhangoutforawhile？解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：擁有一個(gè)公共場(chǎng)合，在那里你不能吃，不能喝，甚至也不能走動(dòng)，這樣的公共場(chǎng)合有什么意義？sense“意義；價(jià)值”，符合句意。matter“事情”；case“事例”；opinion“意見，見解”，均不合題意。答案：A(2)HerquestionwassodifficultthatIcouldhardlymakeanyofitatall.解析：考查固定詞組。makesenseof理解或弄懂困難的或看似無法理解的事物。答案：ASomanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆發(fā)霍亂時(shí)，都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死everytime引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，意思是“每次……”。EverytimeIaddthesefiguresupIgetadifferentanswer.每次我把這些數(shù)字加起來，就會(huì)得到一個(gè)不同的答案。(1)名詞詞組作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的有：eachtime，anytime，thelasttime，(the)nexttime，thefirsttime，themoment，thesecond，theminute，thehour，theday等。(2)有些副詞，如directly，instantly，immediately也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldthemoment/theminute/immediatelyIarrivedhere.我一到這里就感到耳目一新。①Isawhim，hewasquitewell.我最后一次看到他時(shí)，他還相當(dāng)健康。②Giveyourfathermybestregardsyouseehim.下次你見到你父親時(shí)，請(qǐng)代我問候他。Thelasttimethenexttime【注意】(1)forthefirsttime是介詞短語，只可作時(shí)間狀語，而thefirsttime是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(2)Itisthefirsttimethat...(如果前面用is，從句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果用was，則用過去完成時(shí)。)(3)It's(high)timethat...(從句動(dòng)詞用過去式或should＋動(dòng)詞原形)Myauntalwaysbringsmeaprettygiftshecomes.thetimetimetimes解析：考查時(shí)間名詞作連詞。everytime“每次”。bythetime“到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹埂?；attimes“時(shí)而”，這兩個(gè)都是介詞短語不能引導(dǎo)句子。sometimes“有時(shí)”，是副詞不能引導(dǎo)句子。故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C過去分詞作定語和表語1.—Whyareyoulookingso，Ken？—Theoutdoorconcerttomorrowwillbeputoff.；tobeheld；holding；beingheld；held解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語和定語的用法。第一空用v.-ed形容詞作表語；第二空，會(huì)議是被舉行，而且尚未發(fā)生，故要用不定式一般式的被動(dòng)形式tobedone，故選A。答案：A2.(2009·上海高考)Withthegovernment‘said，thosebytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.affected解析：those和affect之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞短語作定語。答案：C3.—Whogaveyouthismessage？—Amanhimself.called解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語的用法。此題的答語采用了省略句結(jié)構(gòu)，只保留了主語部分，意為“一個(gè)自稱為王先生的人”。假如題干中沒有出現(xiàn)himself，就用過去分詞短語called作定語，其意思為“一個(gè)叫王先生的人”。答案：A4.(2008·湖南高考)Thetreesinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.blowndowndowndownblowdown解析：句意：在暴風(fēng)雨中被吹倒的樹已經(jīng)被從道路上移走了?！皹淠尽钡暮竺嫒鄙俣ㄕZ，因?yàn)閎lowdown與trees之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，故用過去分詞短語blowndown。答案：B5.(2008·浙江高考)ItisoneofthefunniestthingsontheInternetsofarthisyear.foundfind解析：found此處為過去分詞作后置定語，用來修飾things，與things構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。句意：這是今年到目前為止在因特網(wǎng)上發(fā)現(xiàn)的最滑稽的事情之一。答案：D6.(2007·湖南高考)“Thingsnevercomeagain！”Icouldn'thelptalkingtomyself.loselost解析：句意：“錯(cuò)過的事情不會(huì)再重來！”我禁不住自言自語。lost為過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞，作things的定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句thatarelost。答案：Ahavebeenseveralneweventstotheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.add解析：add為及物動(dòng)詞，常用于addsth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，本題中應(yīng)為addseveralneweventstotheprogram。因newevents與add之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。答案：Dpeoplewonthe“China‘sGreenFigure”award，atitletoordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.givengivengiven解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知atitle是the“China'sGreenFigure”award的同位語，atitle后跟的是其后置定語，title與give又構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以空白處用過去分詞given。答案：CⅠ.選詞填空putforward；bestrictwith；apartfrom；contributeto；makesenseyouagreewiththeplanheinthediscussion？答案：putforwardyourstudents.答案：arestrictwith3.whathesaid，youalsoneedtoaskforyourparents'advice.答案：Apartfromsmokingisamajorfactorlungcancer.答案：contributingto5.Don'twastetimethinkingaboutasentencewhichdoesn't.答案：makesenseⅡ.情景交際1.(2009·安徽省鳳陽中學(xué)月考)—Don'tcanlearnEnglishaswellasyouwish.—'lldomybest.thinkso.'snothingserious.mind.解析：考查交際用語。根據(jù)句意，對(duì)別人的安慰表示感謝。因此選A項(xiàng)。答案：A2.(2009·江蘇省師大附中高三第一次月考)—Isitmyagethatthebossminds？—.Hewillconsideritnecessarytohaveanenergeticandexperiencedassistant.coursenot'mafraidso