山東省濟寧市嘉祥鎮(zhèn)中學2023年高三英語下學期期末試題含解析

山東省濟寧市嘉祥鎮(zhèn)中學2023年高三英語下學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Morethantenfamilymembersgatheredatthetable________weretraditionallocalfoodssuchaspreservedhamsausage.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where參考答案：D2.IpreferaflatinInvernessto________inPerth,asIwanttolivenearmymum’s.

A.it B.one C.that D.which參考答案：B3.Yourbrother’sfailedagain.You______himmorehelpinEnglish.A.musthavegiven

B.oughthavegivenC.oughttohavegiven

D.oughtgive參考答案：C4.---OurcompanywillorganizeatriptoHongkongnextmonth.I______mymotherthere.---I’ratheryou________.Afterallshehasjustrecoveredfromherillnessandshestillfeelsweak..A.willtake;won’t B.amtaking;don’tC.willtake;didn’t D.amtaking;didn’t參考答案：D5.The70thanniversarymilitaryparadedemonstratesthefacttothewholeworld_____Chinahasmadegreatprogressinthepastfewdecades.A.where B.which C.why D.that參考答案：D【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：70周年大閱兵向世界證明了這個事實，中國在過去的二十年里取得了巨大的進步。分析句子成分可知，設空后的句子是對thefact的解釋說明，是同位語從句，從句成分齊全，應使用只起引導作用、無句意的關系詞that引導。故選D?！军c睛】1.同位語從句通常對前面的名詞起補充解釋作用，兩者之間是同位關系；而定語從句是用來說明先行詞的性質(zhì)或特征，起修飾或限制作用，兩者之間是修飾與被修飾的關系。例如：同位語從句——ThefactthattherenolivesontheMarsisknowntoallofus.眾所周知，火星上沒有生命。定語從句——Thenewsthatyoureadisuncertain.你讀到的那則新聞是不確定的。2.在同位語從句中，that是從屬連詞，在句中只起到引導作用，沒有具體的意義，且不做任何成分，但不能省略，也不可用which代替；而在定語從句中，that是關系代詞，它在從句中不但起連接作用，還在句中做主語、賓語或表語。做賓語時可省略，指物時還可以用which代替，指人時常可以用who代替。例如：同位語從句——Therequirementthatweshouldobeytheschoolrulesisknowntous.遵守校規(guī)這個要求我們都清楚。定語從句——Thoseschoolrules(that)theheadmasterputforwardisknowntous.校長提出的這些校規(guī)大家都清楚。3.當when/why/where/how等引導同位語從句時，它們?yōu)檫B接副詞，雖在句子中充當句子成分，但前面沒有與其意義相同的先行詞；而在定語從句中when/why/where/為關系副詞，在其前面分別有表示時間、原因、地點的名詞作先行詞。例如：同位語從句——Theyraisedthequestionwheretheywouldgetthebooks.他提出了我們到哪里去拿書的問題。定語從句——That'sthereasonwhyshefailedthisexam.那就是他考試失敗的原因。6.It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone_____asecurityofficer.A.employed B.beingemployed C.toemploy D.employs參考答案：

C7.It’sthethirdtimethatLiMinghasbeentoXi’an,_______?A.isn’the

B.hasn’the

C.isn’tit

D.hasn’tit參考答案：C8.Hisgrandfatherwasamongthefirsttosettlein_____isnowafamousholidaycenter.A.what

B.which

C.where

D.that參考答案：A9.——Oh,______

mustyou?Stayabitlonger.Ithasbeensuch.funhavingyou.—Thanks.Anyway,I'vegot

______earlystarttomorrowmorning.A.a;an

B./;the

C./;an

D.the;an參考答案：C略10.Ittook______buildingsuppliestoconstructtheseenergy-savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A．otherthan

B．morethan

C．ratherthan

D．lessthan參考答案：B11.After_______hadhappenedhecouldnotcontinuetoworkthere.A.which

B.howC.what

D.having參考答案：C試題分析：最佳答案選C.有的同學誤選A，是因為認為介詞后應接關系代詞which，但實際上，若填關系代詞，其前沒有先行詞，這根據(jù)不是一個定語從句。另外，由于hadhappened缺主語，所以B和D也不能選。12.－GoingtothepartyonSaturday?－

Shallwegotogether?A．Notsure．

B．Guesswhat? C．Withpleasure． D．Youbet!參考答案：D13.—Thesepeachesarereallyjuicy．—They_

be!Justseetheprice,

$3.99apound．Veryexpensive,aren'tthey!A．would

B．should

C．might

D．could

參考答案：B14.—Abottleofbeer?—

.Iwillhavetodrivebackhomeaftertheparty.A．Byallmeans

B．AnythingbutthatC．Itdepends

D．Helpyourself參考答案：B15.Oh!Mygod!Afileseems

bymistake!Adeleted

BtobedeletedCbeingdeleted

Dtohavebeendeleted參考答案：D16.Atpresentthesearch-and-rescueteamsaresufferinggreatpressureowingtothecontinual_______ofanycluetothemissingaircraft.

A.enterprise B.extension C.absence

D.advance參考答案：C17._____sufficienthistoricalandlegalgrounds,China'spositionontheSouthChinaSeahasbeenconsistentandclear.A.Associatedwith

B.Basedon

C.Centeredaround

D.Assessedby參考答案：B【命題立意】考查形容詞的用法。句意：以充足的歷史和法律為根基，中國在中國南海的位置已經(jīng)是一貫和明確的。associatedwith和……有聯(lián)系；basedon以……為基礎；centeredaround圍繞；assessedby被評估。故判斷選B。18.Thetwosidesheldtalksinafriendly______yesterdayandreachedconstructiveagreements.A.climate

B.atmosphere

C.situation

D.environment參考答案：B19.Thenoise

．shecouldn'tlivehereanylonger．

A．istooloudtoputup

B．istooloudtolivewith

C．beingtooloudtoputup

D．beingtooloudtolivewith參考答案：D略二、新的題型20.ThePandaAntisamostunusualspecieswithalovelyappearance．___16___Theylooklikeantsbutactuallytheybelongtothewasp（黃蜂）family．Thedifferencesbetweenthetwosexesofthespeciesarealsoverypronouncedinbothappearanceandbehavior．Whenfullygrown，themale，possiblyattainingalengthofapproximately0．8centimeters，isseveraltimeslargerthanthefemale．___17___Cuteaspandaantsmaylook，theyaredangerousandcapableofknockingoutananimalmuchlargerthantheyarewithafewstings（刺）．Pandaantsprimarilydependonflowerssweetliquidastheirfood．___18___Thefemalepandaantoftenlaysitseggsinabeeorwaspnest．Whentheyoungones．hatch，theywilleattheirpupa（蛹）hosts．___19___Soalthoughafemalepandaantlaysapproximately2，000eggsayear，aconsiderableamountofeggstosupporttheirsurvival，thisspeciesisstillontheedgeofdyingout．ThisspecieswasfirstdiscoveredinthecoastalregionofCentralChilein1938．___20___Today，theyarelikelytobefoundindrydesertandsandyareassuchasSouthwesternUnitedStatesandpartsofMexico．A．It’sanewfashiontoraisepandaantsaspets．B．Thenamecomesfromtheircolor1saspandas．C．Yetyoungpandaantsaremeat－eaters．D．Noonebelievesthepandaantistheofbees．E．Besides，themalesareactiveatnightwhilethefemalesopposite．F．Unfortunately，manypandaantsareeatenfortheirbrightcolor1s．G．Thenlittleattentionwasgiventoituntilrecently．參考答案：16.B

17.E

18.C

19.F

20.G本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。文章主要介紹了一種非常不尋常的物種——熊貓螞蟻?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句ThePandaAntisamostunusualspecieswithalovelyappearance.可知這里來解釋熊貓螞蟻名字的由來。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句Whenfullygrown,themale,possiblyattainingalengthofapproximately0．8centimeters,isseveraltimeslargerthanthefemale.可知，這里繼續(xù)講雄蟻與雌蟻的區(qū)別。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前句Pandaantsprimarilydependonflowerssweetliquidastheirfood.中的關鍵詞food可知，這里接著前句敘述小熊貓螞蟻的食物。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后句Soalthoughafemalepandaantlaysapproximately2，000eggsayear,aconsiderableamountofeggstosupporttheirsurvival,thisspeciesisstillontheedgeofdyingout.中關鍵詞supporttheirsurvival和theedgeofdyingout可知，許多熊貓螞蟻被吃。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前句ThisspecieswasfirstdiscoveredinthecoastalregionofCentralChilein1938.可知，直到最近才引起人們的注意。故選G。三、閱讀理解21.Adayinthelifeofasunbeariswhatyoumightexpectfromthename:sunny.Initsnaturalhabitat,thesunbearspendsover80percentofitsactivewakingtimeindaylight.Butwhendisturbedbyhumanactivity,thatchangesdramatically.Inareaswherepeoplearepushingintothesunbear’shabitat,theanimalsarespending90percentoftheirwakingtimeafterdark.Effectively,thethreatofhumanpresenceismakingthesunbearchangeinto“themoonbear”.LedbyscientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,thestudyfoundthathumanactivityisdrivingscoresofmammalstoshifttheiractivityfromthedaytimeintothedarkhoursofthenight.Asmanyanimalshavealreadybeenforcedoutoftheirlocalhabitats,othersareattemptingtoavoidinteractionwithhumansbyseparatingthemselvesintimeratherthaninspace.Forthework,theresearchersexaminedthebehaviorsof64mammalspecies,includingdeer,tigers,boars,and,ofcourse,sunbears.Theyobservedincreasednocturnal(夜間的)behaviorinalargemajorityofthem,withspeciesthatarenaturallyactiveduringthedaytendingtoshifttheiractivitytoafterdark,andthosethatarenaturallynocturnalbecomingmoreso.Themammalsaffectedrangedacrossbodysize,habitattype,regionoftheworld,anddiet.Humanactivityofallsortsaffectanimals，lives,includingactivitieslikehunting,agricultureandlanddevelopment,harvestinglocalnaturalresources,evenhikingorwalkingthroughwildareas.SporthuntingintheHwangeNationalParkinZimbabwedroveantelopestospendmoreoftheiractivewakinghoursatnight,restrictingtheiraccesstowater.Similarly,hikersintheSantaCruzMountainsinCaliforniamadecoyotes(郊狼)morenocturnal,forcingthemtofindnewpreys(獵物)amongtraditionallynocturnalanimals.Theresearcherswarnthatprofoundshiftsinthenaturalbehaviorpatternsofsomanyspeciesdisturbdynamicsthathaveevolvedovergenerations,leadingtoaseriesofunknowneffectsontheentireecosystems.12.Whatdidthestudyfind?A.Moreanimalsseparatethemselvesinspace.B.Humanactivitychangesanimals’wayoflife.C.Manyanimalswerepushedoutoftheirlocalhabitats.D.Thesunbearspendsover80%wakingtimeindaylight.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Thesunbear. B.Thewakingtime.C.Humanactivity. D.Thenaturalhabitat.14.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Antelopeshaveeasieraccesstowater.B.Coyoteshavetopreyonnewtypesforsurvival.C.Humanactivityshortensanimals’sleepingtime.D.Animalshavemanagedtoescapeinteractionwithhumans.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?A.Humanthreatmakesthesunbearnocturnal.B.Animalsarebadlyhurtbyhumanpresence.C.Animalsbecomemoreadaptablethankstohuman.D.Ecosystemsmaybereshapedduetohumanactivity.參考答案：12.B

13.B

14.B

15.D這是一篇說明文。主要說明了由于人類的活動，動物不得不該自己原有的生活方式。由于許多動物已經(jīng)被迫離開了它們在當?shù)氐臈⒌?，其他動物正試圖通過在時間上而不是空間上與人類隔離來避免與人類的互動。研究人員警告說，許多物種的自然行為模式發(fā)生了深刻的變化，擾亂了經(jīng)過幾代人進化而來的動態(tài)，導致了對整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的一系列未知影響?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第三段第一句thestudyfoundth