英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬預(yù)測(cè)練習(xí)題附答案2022

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SmallSchoolsRising

Thisyearslistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.

Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers二戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮時(shí)期出世的人cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies官僚機(jī)構(gòu)，thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementaryandsomemiddleschools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.

Sizeisnteverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1,000smallschools-mostofthemwithabout400kidseachwithanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade,About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountryaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincitieslikeNewYork,ChicagoandSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolersand18graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineeringMagnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteereveningseminarsforstudents.Anditincludesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery抽簽，suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.

HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423-amongthetop2%inthecountry-onNewsweeksannualrankingofAmericastophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2022.

AlthoughmanyofHillsdalesstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname綽號(hào)Hillsjail.JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,Howdidthatstudentgraduate?

Soin2022Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothreehouses,romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly隨機(jī)地assignedtooneofthehouses.Wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.TheclosenessthissystemcultivatesisreinforcedbytheinstitutionofadvisoryclassesTeachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromhomeworkproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivatelyandstayintouchwithparents,sotheyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudentssuccess.Wereconstantlytalkingaboutoneanothersadvisers,saysEnglishteacherChrisCrockett.Ifyouhearthatyoursisntdoingwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedeansoffice,itslikeapersonalfailure.Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemandingacademicprogram,thepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom17to95.Itwasroughforsome.Butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,saysGilbertOurkidsarecomingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem.Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafterdownsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.

TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:itseasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsiftheydlike.

Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents地區(qū)教導(dǎo)主管fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation.Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsarethebestinthenation,theirletterread.inpart.Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordontofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudentsoverallacademicaccomplishmentsandtheirsubsequentperformanceincollege.Andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheircommunities.

Intheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere,weareallseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgiftedteachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhapsalistwontbenecessary.

留神：此片面試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖鹂?上作答.

1.Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof__________.

Aensuringnochildisleftbehind

Bincreasingeconomicefficiency

CimprovingstudentsperformanceonSAT

Dprovidinggoodeducationforbabyboomers

2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?

ATeachersworkloadincreased.

BStudentsperformancedeclined.

CAdministrationbecamecentralized.

DStudentsfocusedmoreontestscores.

3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation?

ATheyareusuallymagnetschools.

BTheyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.

CTheyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.

DTheyaremostlysmallinsize.

4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation?

ASomelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.

BAgreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.

CManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.

DStudentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.

5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto.

Atheirstudentsacademicachievement

Bthenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege

Cthesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingclasses

Dtheircollege-leveltestparticipation

6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdalesstudentsinthelate1990s?

ATheyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.

BTheycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.

CMostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline,

DTheirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.

7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,theadvisoryclassesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould.

Atelltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends

Bexperien