【中考復(fù)習(xí)】中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞歸納與專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

中考復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞附參考答案一、中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞的知識(shí)要求：中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞的考查主要集中在：1、掌握動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則；2、掌握動(dòng)詞六種時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，主要用法及區(qū)別（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）3、掌握系動(dòng)詞be,look,feel,smell,get,become,turn,keep等的基本用法；4、了解過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的基本用法；5、掌握助動(dòng)詞be,do,have,shall,will的基本用法；6、掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,must,need,may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法；7、了解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)三種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及其基本用法；8、了解含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式及其基本用法；9、掌握句子主謂一致的基本原則；10、掌握動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)的基本用法；11、了解動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的基本用法。二、動(dòng)詞考察點(diǎn)分項(xiàng)說(shuō)明：（一）、掌握動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則；1、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞特征變化例詞一般動(dòng)詞詞尾加-slook-looksfind-finds以s,x,ch,sh或o結(jié)尾詞尾加-eswatch-watches,push-pushes以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾變y為i再加-esfly-flies,apply-applies2、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成:①規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成方法是相同的。動(dòng)詞特征變化例詞一般動(dòng)詞詞尾加-edlook-looked,looked以e結(jié)尾詞尾加-dlive-lived,lived以“輔音字母+Y”結(jié)尾變y為i，再加-edcarry-carried,carried以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫(xiě)該*輔音字母，再加-edstop-stopped,stopped②不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化。（略）3、動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞特征變化例詞一般動(dòng)詞直接加-inglook-lookingwatch-watching以e結(jié)尾去e力口-ingcome-comingmove-moving以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-ingswim-swimmingrun-running以ie結(jié)尾且為重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)變ie加y再加ingdie-dyinglie-lying（二）、掌握動(dòng)詞六種時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，主要用法及區(qū)別（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday(week,month^連用；表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)；表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征，性格和能力；以及表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍其理。②一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)通常以動(dòng)詞原形表示，但當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞原形后需加s或-es。Shelikesbiologyverymuch,她非常喜歡生物。Theyoftengotoschoolby加女?他們通常騎車(chē)上學(xué)。2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)①一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的副詞如：yesterday,lastweek,twohoursago等連用；表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這時(shí)可與頻度副詞often,usually,always等連用；表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作，以及在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。②一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成：一般過(guò)去時(shí)由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式構(gòu)成。Wemeteachotheronthestreetyesterday.我們昨天在街上碰見(jiàn)了。Sheoftenwentswimminglastyear.她去年經(jīng)常去游泳。Theymovedthechairstothetable,satdownandbegantohavesupper.他們把椅子搬到桌邊，坐下開(kāi)始吃飯。Marytoldmethatshewouldstayathomeifitrained.瑪麗告訴我如果下雨她就呆在家里。3、一般將來(lái)時(shí)①一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如 nextmonth,tomorrow,inaweek,soon等連用。②一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：(1)一般將來(lái)時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。其中shall主要用于主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)(I和we)的疑問(wèn)句中。(2)也可以用“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示根據(jù)目前跡象很有可能發(fā)生的某件事情，或是打算、計(jì)劃、以及決定要做某件事情等。TheywillhaveaclassmeetingnextTuesday,他們下周二將舉行班會(huì)。Weshallmeetattheschoolgate.我們將在學(xué)校大門(mén)口見(jiàn)。Itisgoingtorain.要下雨了。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與now,atpresent,atthis,moment等連用；或與thesedays,thisweek/month等連用，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。有時(shí)還與always,continually,forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)人強(qiáng)烈的感情。如贊揚(yáng)、不滿(mǎn)、討厭等。如：Heisalwaysaskingsuchsillyquestions他老是提這類(lèi)愚蠢的問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由飛?(am/is/are)+V-ing”構(gòu)成。TheyarewatchingTVnow,他們正在看電視。Thedogisenjoyinghismeal.小狗正在吃飯。、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法相同，只不過(guò)參照的時(shí)間基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)不同。過(guò)去進(jìn)行表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。一般和特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句連用。如：then,atthattime,ateightyesterday,thistimeyesterday,whenhecame山等。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)類(lèi)似，只不過(guò)把be(am,is,are)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式(was,were)TheywerewatchingTVatthattime.他們那會(huì)正在看電視。Thedogwasenjoyinghismealatthistimeyesterday.小狗昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候正在吃飯。6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)①表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，但后果或影響仍在，常與already,just,yet等副詞連用；或是表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與for或since引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。Hehasalreadycomeback/也已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。Hehaslivedhereforthreeyears.他在此住了兩年了。（三）、掌握系動(dòng)詞be,look,feel,smell,get,become,turn,keep等的基本用法；常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞有：become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,fall等。它們后面常接形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.請(qǐng)保持教室的干凈。Thebreadlooksveryfresh.這些面包看上去很新鮮。（四）、了解過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的基本用法；①過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)點(diǎn)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成相同，只是把will,shall變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式would,should，把助動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式was或were而已。如：Theyweregoingtohaveameeting.他們?cè)蛩汩_(kāi)會(huì)。②過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前已完成的行為或存在的狀態(tài)。與現(xiàn)在完成的用法相同，只不過(guò)作為衡量基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)不同，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為衡量的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)則以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻作為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。它表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，常by,before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Bythetimehewasten,Edisonhadbuiltalabforhimself.到愛(ài)迪生10歲時(shí)，他已給自己建了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。Shesaidshehadworkedinthathospitalfor20years她說(shuō)她已在那所醫(yī)院工作20年了。（五）、掌握助動(dòng)詞be,do,have,shall,will的基本用法；助動(dòng)詞是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，一般沒(méi)有詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但可用來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示不同的時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，和數(shù)的變化。常見(jiàn)的助動(dòng)詞有：（1）be（am,is,are,was,were,being,been）與現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；或與過(guò)去分詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。I,mlookingformypen,我正在找我的筆。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）ThesecupsaremadeinChina.這些杯子是中國(guó)制造的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（2）have（has,had,having）與過(guò)去分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。Theyhaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.他們互相認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimselfattheageoften.他十歲時(shí)就已經(jīng)為自己建了一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)）（3）do（does,did）助動(dòng)詞do后只能踉動(dòng)詞原形，與not及其他動(dòng)詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成否定句，或置于主語(yǔ)之前構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。HedoesnotspeakEnglish.他不說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。Whendidhecomeback?他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)的？（4）will（would）,shall（should）will能用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的任何人稱(chēng)后；would是will的過(guò)去時(shí)，能用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；兩者后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。Theplanewillarriveintenminutes.飛機(jī)十分中后將要到達(dá)。Iwassurewewouldwin.我確信用我們會(huì)贏。shall與should這兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義，shall只能用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的第一人稱(chēng)后；should是shall的過(guò)去時(shí)，只能用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的第一人稱(chēng)后；兩者后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。Weshallmeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.我們明天將在校門(mén)口見(jiàn)。ItoldthemthatIshoulddotheworkalone.我告訴他們我將獨(dú)自做那項(xiàng)工作。三、鞏固練習(xí)Hisfatheranywashinginthemorning.A.doesn,tdoB.doesn,tC.doesn,tdoesD.doesn,tdoesI1000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.A.havelearnedB.hadlearnedC.wouldlearnD.waslearningHowlongyou thebicycle?A.have…boughtB.have…h(huán)adC.did…buyD.do…buymybrotherknowsLondonverywell.Hetheremanytimes.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.wasD.wentThechildrenwanttoknowifMissGreen freetomorrow.A.isB.isgoingtoC.willD.willbeListen,themusicnice.A.soundsB.issoundingC.issoundD.wassoundingHe earlyeverymorningfromnowon.A.getsupB.doesgetupC.doesgetsupD.willgetupOurteachertoldusthatlight fasterthansound.A.travelledB.travelsC.wastravelledD.hadtravelledMr.Brownisnotathome.He tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.hadgoneHesaidhewouldgotothecinemawithusifhe free.A.isB.wereC.wasD.willbeTomhishomeworkafterbreakfast.A.don,tB.doesn,tC.don,tdoD.doesn,tdoJennyalettertohermotherthreedaysago.A.wroteB.writesC.writeD.haswrittenHewithusyesterdaymorning.A.doesn,tgoswimmingB.goesswimmingC.didn'tgoswimmingD.wenttoswimmingThereabasketballmatchonourschoolthedayaftertomorrow.A.willhaveB.willbeC.isgoingtohaveD.wouldhaveyouusatalkthisafternoon?A.Are,givingB.Are,givenC.Will,giveD.Were,goingtogiveLook!LiLeiJimwithhisChinese.A.ishelpingB.hashelpedC.isgoingtohelpD.wouldhelpDon,tmakeanynoise.Thebaby.A.hassleptB.issleptC.willsleepD.issleepingThestudentsofClass3 afootballgamenow.Let,sgoandwatch.A.arehavingB.willhaveC.ishavingD.willbehadHowmanyEnglishsongsyoubytheendoflastterm?A.have,learnedB.did,learnC.had,learnedD.were,learnedMymotherbreakfastwhileImyfacethismorning.A.cooked,wascookingB.wascooking,waswashingC.wascookingD.wouldcook,waswashing二、用下列動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Hetoldmethathe (visit)theSummerPalacethenextday.一Whohasborrowedthedictionary?Iwanttouseit.一MissLi.She (keep)itforaweek.Theoldmen (die)lastsummer.He (die)foreightmonths.Father (cook)whenIgothome.Mr.Smithtoldushe (show)theguestsaroundthefactory.Inwinterwhenyourclothes (wash),itisnoteasytogetthemdry.一thetwins (return)yet?一Yes.They (have)arestintheroomnow.It(rain)butit (stop)now.Allthechildren (keep)quietthoughtheirteacherwasnotthere.Theboy(read)astorybooknow.四、鞏固練習(xí)參考答案（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.A2.B3.B4.A5.D6.A7.D8.B9.A10.C11.D12.A13.C14.B15.C16.A17.D18.A19.C20.B（二）、用下列動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.wouldvisit2.haskeptdied,hasbeendeadwascookingwouldshow或者h(yuǎn)adshownarewashedHave…returned;arehavingrained…h(huán)asstoppedkeptisreading（六）掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,must,need,may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法①情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在英文中是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，包括請(qǐng)求、命令、允諾、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、義務(wù)、能力等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，但詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，且后面只跟動(dòng)詞原形。②情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)：原形過(guò)去式詞義cancould能maymight可以（或許）mustmust（hadto）必須（不得不）willwould愿意shallshould應(yīng)該needneeded需要daredared敢于③can的用法（1）表示體力或腦力方面的“能力”，也能表示根據(jù)客觀條件能做某事的“能力”。Theboycanswimverywell.Whocananswerthisquestion?（2）表示允許Thestudentscanleaveafterthemeeting.WhencanIgetthenews?（3）表示推測(cè)Itcanbewrong.Whocanyournewteachernextterm?④could的用法（1）can的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去有能力及過(guò)去的可能性。Theycouldrunveryfastwhentheywereyoung.CouldyouspeakEnglishatthattime?（2）表示客氣地請(qǐng)求或委婉地陳述意見(jiàn)。CouldIborrowyourbike?Couldyoulistentomecarefully?（3）表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度Howcouldthatbe?Shecouldn,tknowme.⑤must的用法.表示義務(wù)，命令或必要Youmustfinishitbefore5o,clock.MustIhanditinnow?.表示肯定的推測(cè)：一定Shemustbeaprettygirl.Youmustbewrong.⑥need的用法（1）表示“需要，必須”，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。Weneedtopaymoreattention.NeedIcallhimforyou?need引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答時(shí)多用must,否定回答時(shí)用needn't。Needhecome?他必須來(lái)嗎？Yes,hemust是的，必須來(lái)。No,heneedn't.不，他不必來(lái)。⑦may的用法（1）表示請(qǐng)求、許可、可以MayIaskyousomequestions?Maywestartnow?（2）表示推測(cè)說(shuō)話(huà)人的猜測(cè)，認(rèn)為某一事情，或許”或“可能”發(fā)生。Hemaybe25yearsold.Wemaycomebackinthreedays.（3）may用于感嘆句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。Mayyousuccess!Mayyouhaveanicetrip！⑧should的用法should意思是“應(yīng)該”，表示勸告或建議（=oughtto）WhoshouldImeetthisafternoon?Youshouldpackyoubagquickly.（七）了解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)三種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及其基本用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)往往用“被”、“受”、“給”等詞來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（p.p.）"構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過(guò)去分詞部分不變。疑問(wèn)式和否定式的變化亦如此。.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（am/is/are+done）Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的許多人都說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都舉行班會(huì)。Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.學(xué)生們每天都打掃教室。.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（was/were+done）Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那個(gè)男孩打碎了。Hewassavedatlast.他最終獲救了。Mybikewasstolen.我的自行車(chē)被偷了。.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done）Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一個(gè)演講。Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一條新馬路。Ithinkthousandsofpeoplewillbehelped.我認(rèn)為將有數(shù)千人得到幫助。（八）了解含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式及其基本用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞；其時(shí)態(tài)及句型的變化僅由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成，“be+過(guò)去分詞”部分不變。如：Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石頭制造。Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime那時(shí)桌子可由石頭制造。（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）Cantablesbemadeofstone?桌子能用石頭制造嗎？（疑問(wèn)句）（九）掌握句子主謂一致的基本原則（此處略。見(jiàn)第七期）（十）動(dòng)詞不定式的基本用法動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)（包括目的狀語(yǔ)，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)。）1）作主語(yǔ)Todancewithyoumakesmehappy和你跳舞令我高興。Itisdifficulttodriveinthemountains.（=Todriveinthemountainsisdifficult.）在山里開(kāi)車(chē)很困難。2）作賓語(yǔ)①后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞多是表示'意愿”、“企圖”等的動(dòng)詞，如：hope,want,wish,desire,like,decide,try,promise,refuse.Iwanttotalkwithher.我想和她談?wù)?。Shehasdecidedtogo.她已決定要走。②在feel,find,think,consider,made等動(dòng)詞后如果是不定式作賓語(yǔ)，而補(bǔ)語(yǔ)是形容詞，則通常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)即不定式移至形容詞之后。如：Ifinditimpossibletoforgether我發(fā)現(xiàn)忘掉她是不可能的。Hethoughtitnecessarytotakeanumbrella.他認(rèn)為帶把傘是必要的。3）作表語(yǔ)Herwishistobeateacher.他的愿望是成為一名教師。Yourdutyistocleantheclassroom你的任務(wù)是打掃教室。4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Hewantsmetocomeearlier他想要我來(lái)得更早些。Thepolicemanorderedthemtoturn2「。口口4警察命令他們轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身。5）作目的狀語(yǔ)：Sheopenedthewindowtoletsomefreshairin她打開(kāi)窗子好讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來(lái)。Iwenttheretoseeheryesterday昨天我去那兒看她了。6）作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：Heistootiredtogoanyfurther他太累了，不能再走了。Heisnotoldenoughtojointhearmy他年齡太小，不能參軍。7）作原因狀語(yǔ)：不定式跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)”的形容詞之后，可以表示引起這些情感的原因。I,msorrytotroubleyou真抱歉給你帶來(lái)麻煩。I,mgladtoseeyou.見(jiàn)到你真高興。二、鞏固練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇Hehadhislunchalready.A.willB.wouldC.hasD.haveMaryspeakEnglishbeforesheleftforEngland.A.canB.wasabletoC.couldD.hadbeenabletoI yourhelp.Icandoitmyself.A.needn,tB.don,tneedtoC.needD.don,tneedsomemoreteanow?A.DoyoulikeB.WillyoulikeC.WouldyoulikeD.Shouldyoulike一youthebooktothelibrary?一Yes,Iborrowedanotheroneamomentago.A.Do,returnB.Are,returningC.Will,returnD.Have,returnedDon'tgotoseehim.HechangedhismindA.isB.wasC.willD.has一Howmanytimes yourunclebeentoBeijing?—Twice.A.hasB.haveC.doesD.didMyboy,you talktoyourfatherlikethat.A.won,tB.hasn,ttoC.shouldn,tD.hastogivemeacupofwater,Mary?A.ShallyoupleaseB.WillyoupleaseC.Pleaseyou D.PleasedoyouI workoutthemathsproblemyesterday,butIcanworkitoutnow.A.can,tB.couldn,tC.maynotD.needn'tSinceyouareverytired,you doittoday.A.needn,tB.don,tneedC.needn,ttoD.notneedLiLi getupat7:30.A.usedtoB.usedC.wasusedtoD.usestoYou answerthisquestion.A.haven,ttoB.don,thavetoC.don,tneedD.needn,tto14.Itwasacoldnight.Anoldmanunderachairinthepark.A.islyingB.waslyingC.haslyingD.willlieYou gowithusatonce.A.needB.shouldC.wouldD.could一IwatchTVafterdinner,Mum?一No,you .A.May;mustn,tB.May;don'tC.May;won'tD.Must;mustn'tOh,sorry.I you inShanghai.A.don,tknow…are B.didn,tknow…wereC.don,tknow…were D.haven,tknown…areThePRC—in1949.A.wasfoundB.foundC.wasfoundedD.founded一IsXiaoLiintheclassroom?一No,hethere.Isawhiminthereadingroomjustnow.A.can,tbeB.mustn,tbeC.isD.needn't—Shallwegotothezootomorrow?A.Yes,weshall B.Yes,youshallC.Yes,youwill D.AllrightNobodydoit.Letme.A.can,tryB.can,t,totryC.can,totryD.can,t,trying“youlikebananastoeat?”“Yes,please.”A.Would,someB.Will,anyC.Could,anyD.Can,some“CanyouanswerthisquestioninEnglish?”“Sorry,I.”A.needn,tB.maynotC.can,tD.mustn't“Iborrowyourdictionary?”“Certainly,hereyouare.”A.MustB.MayC.NeedD.ShallIseethewordsontheblackboard.youwriteabitclearly?A.mustn,t,CanB.don,t,willC.can,t,CanD.needn,t,CouldIt,sasunnydaytoday.Youtakearaincoatwithyou.A.can,tB.mustn,tC.needn,tD.canI,velookedformypeneverywhere,butIfindit.A.couldn,tB.can,tC.mustn,tD.didn,t“IspeaktoAnn?”“Speaking.”A.MustB.MayC.NeedD.ShallThesciencebookgoodcareof.A.mustbetakeB.musttakeC.mustbetakenD.musttobetakenThestarsinthedaytime.A.can,tbeseeB.can,tseeC.can,tbesawD.can,tbeseen二、用方框內(nèi)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞填空（每詞只用一次）need,needn,t,can,can,t,shall,shouldn'tmay,must,mustn,t,haveto,wouldTOC\o"1-5"\h\zIshowhimtheway, I?CanyouanswerthisquestioninFrench?No,I .MayIkeepthebookforthreeweeks?No,you .Nobodylivewithoutairorwater.You notworry.Everythingwillbeallright.—Ihavesomechocolatesnow?一No,youmustn,t.Childrenbeleftalone.IfinishmyhomeworkbeforeIgotobed. wegooutforawalk?Thafsagoodidea.youlikesomefish?三、把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Isaw