主從復(fù)合句講與練

?內(nèi)容從句 一__-------一?連詞例子主語從句一般為特殊問詞Howwegetthereisaproblem.賓語從句ThatIf/whether特殊問詞表語從句一般為特殊問詞定語從句who/thatwhich/thatwhere/when/why---狀語從句條件if/unless時(shí)間when/while/as/until/since/after/before原因because/since/as結(jié)果so---that比較---than---目的---sothat---讓步though/although/方式asif地點(diǎn)where主從復(fù)合句主句是主體，從句只是句子的一個(gè)成分，換言之，將句子（除謂語外）的各個(gè)成分?jǐn)U展開來就成了從句。關(guān)聯(lián)詞分五類關(guān)聯(lián)詞分五類疑問代詞：who（whom/whose），which,what, 關(guān)系代詞：who（whom/whose），which,that,疑問副詞：when,where,why,how關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why從屬連詞：that（無詞義），whether,if,although,after because,before,when,since， assoonas,aslongas只有從屬連詞沒有句子功用，即不擔(dān)任句子成分。從句分為五類：主語從句賓語從句表語從句前三項(xiàng)都是名詞性從句，句中作用如同名詞。一般都不用逗號(hào)，所用關(guān)聯(lián)詞相同：1,連詞that/whether/if2,疑問代詞who/what/which3,疑問副詞when/where/how/why（引導(dǎo)間接疑問句）定語從句狀語從句記住一個(gè)句子學(xué)會(huì)一種句法現(xiàn)象。一一一一....主語從句subjectclause，也可分為三種：that引導(dǎo)的主從/由連接代副詞引導(dǎo)的主從/what和whoever等引導(dǎo)的主從。 1由that引導(dǎo)的主從，用得最多。（that后面是主語）“Thatshebecameanartistmayhavebeenduetoherfather’sinfluence.”她成為畫家可能是受其父主從復(fù)合句練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)填空---DoyouknowgoingtostayinLondon?---No,Idon't.Maybeafewdays.A.whenheisB.howlongheisC.whenisheD.howlongisheI’mnewhere.Couldyoutellme,please?A.wherethefirstbusarriveB.whenthefirstbusarrivesC.whendidthefirstbusarriveD.whenwillthefirstbusarriveChildrenlikehousesarepaintedindifferentcolours.A.whichB.theyC.thoseD.whatMissGreenistheonlypersoncanhelpyouwithyourEnglish.A.sheB.whomC.whichD.whoIdon’tknowwhenhe.Whenhe.Iwillletyouknow.A.willarrive;willarriveB.arrives;arrivesC.willarrive;arrivesD.arrives;willarrive---Canyouguesswhowillbethefirsttocrossthefinishingline?---Sandy.Janedidn’trunsofastshedidlasttime.A.thanB.soC.thatD.as---Whyhasn’tMr.Licometoworktoday?---hehasgonetoBeijingtohaveameeting.A.IfB.UntilC.ThoughD.Because10.theyaretwins,theydon’tlookthesameatall.A.BecauseB.ThoughC.AsD.SinceHeisthemostboringspeakerIhaveevermet.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as---Tellhimtocometoseeme,willyou?---Sure,I7lllethimknowassoonasheA.returnB.returnsC.willreturnD.returnedAnyonehasaquestionpleasecomehere.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.that二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換“Dotheywantfriedchicken?”Heaskedtheboys.（改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句）Heaskedtheboystheyfriedchicken.Watertheyoungplantsoften,ortheywilldie.（改為含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句）watertheyoungplantsoften,theywilldie.“Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?”O(jiān)urteacherasked.（改為賓語從句）Ourteacheraskedwaterthereinthebottle.Mymotherdidn’tdecidewherewewouldgoforaholiday.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）Mymotherdidn’tdecidegoforaholiday.IlikeChineseteawithoutanythinginit.（改為定語從句） IlikeChinesetea init.主從復(fù)合句中時(shí)態(tài)一致 “主過從過主將從現(xiàn)主現(xiàn)從任”原則 主從復(fù)合句中時(shí)態(tài)的一致是中考考點(diǎn)之一。主要有以下幾種情況 【主將從現(xiàn)】在以whenafterassoonas等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句以及以if unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中如果主句是一般將來時(shí)從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如 Ierthegoodnewswhensheback.當(dāng)她回來的時(shí)候我將把這個(gè)好消息告訴她。 Ifit,hehereontime.如果不下雨他會(huì)按時(shí)來這兒的。常見的有以下三種情況 一、狀語從句的主句是一般將來時(shí)那么從句常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如 WhenIgrowup,I’llbeanurseandlookafterpatients.我長(zhǎng)大后要當(dāng)一名護(hù)士照顧病人。二、如果主句是祈使句那么從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如Don’tlaughatmewhenImakeamistake.我犯錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候不要笑話我。三、如果主句是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)根據(jù)需要從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如Youshouldbequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom.在閱覽室時(shí)應(yīng)保持安靜。 【主過從過】在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)從句須用表示過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。例如 Heaskedwhentheywouldgototheparty. 他問他們什么時(shí)候?qū)⑷⒓泳蹠?huì)。MissGreensaidshehadbeentoBeijingbefore. 格林小姐說她以前曾經(jīng)去過北京?！局鳜F(xiàn)從任】 在賓語從句中當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)后面從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制可根據(jù)情況選用各種適合的時(shí)態(tài)。例如 Doyouknowwhenwe'llhaveafootballmatch?你知道我們什么時(shí)候舉行足球賽嗎 YouknowhehasgonetoShanghai.你知道他已去上海了。 【特別關(guān)注】1.當(dāng)賓語從句表述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作以及格言等時(shí)其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如 Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.老師告訴我們光速比音速要快。WhenIwasastudent,myteacheroftentoldusth當(dāng)我還是學(xué)生的時(shí)候老師常常告訴我們歲月不等人。2.在"since 點(diǎn)時(shí)間”句型中主句通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從句用一般過去時(shí)。例如 Hehasworkedatthefactorysincehecamehere. 自從他來到這兒他就一直在這家工廠上班。另外在句型"It's+段時(shí)間since從句”中since后面的從句要用一般過去時(shí)。例如It'salongtimesincewemetlast. 自從我們上次見面以來已經(jīng)有好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。3.在復(fù)合句中如果主、從句表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都發(fā)生在過去而且有先后則在先的用過去完成時(shí)在后的用一般過去時(shí)。例如Whenhegotthere,thetrainhadleft. 當(dāng)他到那兒的時(shí)候火車已經(jīng)開了。Hesaidhehadvisitedtheschoolbefore. 他說他以前參觀過那所學(xué)校參考答案 1-5BCDBA6-10ACCBC【小試身手】1.Ifheharder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.04』匕京A.studyB.studiesC.willstudyD.studiedIwillgoswimmingwithyouifIfreetomorrow.04哈爾濱A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was3.Ifyouachancetostudyinaforeigncountry,justtakeit.04蘇州A.gettingB.hadgotC.willgetD.getDon’tleaveuntilheback.A.havecomeB.comesC.willcomeD.came“Shallwehavethevolleyballmatchtomorrow?”“Oh,itwillbeputoffifit.04黃岡A.snowsB.issnowingC.snowedD.willsnowTellhimaboutthenewswhenheJohn.Yes,Iwill.04寧波A.comesB.willcomeC.wouldD.iscomingTomorrowwewillgotothecityparkitissunny.05安徽A.assoonasB.whenC.ifD.asPleasedon’tleaveuntilyourteacherback.05河南A.willcomeB.cameC.comesD.iscoming9.Iwanttoknowifthereasportsmeetingnextmonth.Iftheyit,Imustgetreadyfori。05青島A.is,willhold B.willbe,holdC.willbe,willholdD.willhave,hold10. Mary,whataboutgoingboatingifittomorrow.---Goodidea.A.notrainB.willrainC.doesn’trainD.won’train---Doyouknowthegirlisstandingunderthetree?---Sheismylittlesister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whichWelikeJackieChanmoviesareverypopularwiththeyoung.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which35.---ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isn’tit?---Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschoolsthosechildrencanstudyhappily.A.whereB.whenC.which D.thatThismorningmymotheraskedme.A.whyheisnothereB.howdidmybrotherdoitC.whattimeisitD.WhatJulydidovertheweekendYouwillfailyournextexamyoustarttoworkhardnow.A.becauseB.unlessC.so D.whySheaskedmeifIknew.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasitIdon’tknowhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whether B.whereC.whatD.whenIdon’tknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,I’lltellyou.A.if,WhetherB.whether,whetherC.if,that D.if,ifCanyoutellmetheradio?AhowdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemendedHeaskedhisfather.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappenCouldyoutellmewiththemoney?A.howtodoB.whatshouldIdoC.howshouldIdoD.whatIshoulddoYouwillfindhimanicemanwheny