【小學(xué)英語(yǔ)】第2講 名詞（學(xué)案）

名詞5.Thereare36(boys,boies)inmyclass.能力提升.Somearerunningaftersome.A.cat,mouseB.cats,miceC.cats,mouseD.cat,mice.Helpyourselfto.A.somechickensB.achickenC.somechickenD.anychicken.Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.Itsabout.A.fortyminutes'swalkB.fortyminute'swalk.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes5walk.Howmanyarethereinyourclass?A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian.motherscouldn'tgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoShanghai.A.MaryandPeter'sB.MaryandPeterC.Mary'sandPeterD.Mary'sandPeter's四、口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練營(yíng)Thewolfandthefbxwantedtoeattherabbit,butitwasn'teasytocatchhim.Onedaythewolfsaidtothefbx,“Yougohomeandlieinbed.Filtelltherabbitthatyouaredead.Whenhecomestolookatyou,youcanjumpupandcatchhim.”"That*sagoodidea,"saidthefbx.Hewenthomeatonce.Thewolfwenttotherabbit'shouseandknockedatthedoor."Whoisit?”askedtherabbit."It'sthewolf.Fvecometotellyouthatthefoxisdead."Thenthewolfwentaway.Therabbitwenttothefox'shouse.Helookedinthroughthewindowandsawthefbxlyinginbedwithhiseyesclosed.Hethought,"Isthefbxreallydeadorishepretendingtobedead?Ifhe*snotdead,he'llcatchmewhenIgonearhim."sohesaid,“Thewolfsaysthatthefbxisdead.Buthedoesn'tlooklikeadeadfbx.Themouthofadeadfbxisalwaysopen.^^Whenthefbxheardthis,hethought,'TilshowhimthatFmdead.^^Soheopenedhismouth.Therabbitknewthatthefbxwasn'tdead,andheranasquicklyashecould.五、課堂小結(jié).名詞的分類(1)專有名詞⑵普通名詞：□名詞(個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞)匚名詞(物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞).可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么(1)一般在詞尾加(2)以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的加(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為再加(4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的，變f或fe為再加(5)以o結(jié)尾的,一般加，但hero,tomato,potato力口.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)那么形式mouse—tooth—child—foot—man—woman-sheep—deer—fish—Chinese—4名詞所有格(1)'s匚一般詞的所有格，直接在詞尾+以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格只在詞尾+兩人共有的物體，那么在第個(gè)名詞后+'S如果分別是兩人所有，那么在個(gè)名詞后面+飛⑶of事物+of+事物的所有者5名詞辨析sound,noise,voicehome,house,familyjob,workgame,matchperson,people六、課后作業(yè)鞏固L寫出以下名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.robot2.story3.man4.tooth5.photo6.puppy7.goose8.foot9.tomatolO.bus11.zoo12.rubber13.candy14.Chinese15.monkey16.child17.mouth18.box19.eye20.mouse21.potato22.leaf23.knife24.peach25.fish26.orange27.lady28.class29.grade30.sheepII,單項(xiàng)選擇。Therearesomeonthehill.A.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepes.Therearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyarebooks.A.childB.childrens9C.childrenD.children's.Howmucharethe?A.breadB.meatsC.potatosD.tomatoes.Thereisonthetable.A.someorangesB.somebreadC.someapplesD.somepeaches.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,LindaandJane?—,please.A.TwocupsofteasB.TwocupofteasC.TwocupofteaD.Twocupsofteain.翻譯以下短語(yǔ)i.兩玻璃杯水.一副眼鏡.一條新聞.教室的門.我父母的臥室6孩子j門的書桌拔高I.根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.(TomandTim)fatherisadoctor.oftengotoworkon.(foot)Lucyis(Lily)friend.Pleasegivethemthese.(photo)Arethereanyinthebox?(watch)Therearetwelveinayear,(month)Wouldyoulikesome?(tomato)Lookatthoseintheboats!(people)September10thisDay.(teacher)Jimhassome.(knife)IL單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Pleasegivemepaper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof()2.Somecametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies()3.Johnboughtforhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes()4.Thisisroom.A.JackandLucyB.JackandLucy'sC.Jack'sandLucy'sD.Jack'sandLucy()5.birthdayisSeptember5th.A.HermotherB.hermother'sC.Hermothers9D.Hermother'sIIL圈出句子中的錯(cuò)誤并改正。1.Idon9tlikeorangejuices.Itissour.2.Thereisanoldbooksinmybag..Bananasismyfavoritefruit..Theygotoschoolonfeet..Therearemanyphotoesofmyfamily.七、教學(xué)反思適用學(xué)科小學(xué)英語(yǔ)適用年級(jí)六年級(jí)適用區(qū)域通用版課時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)（分鐘）120知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.名詞的分類2.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么3.名詞所有格4名詞辨析適用學(xué)科小學(xué)英語(yǔ)適用年級(jí)六年級(jí)適用區(qū)域通用版課時(shí)時(shí)長(zhǎng)（分鐘）120知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.名詞的分類2.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么3.名詞所有格4名詞辨析教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握所學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，能夠在考試中熟練運(yùn)用，突破考點(diǎn)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.名詞詞義辨析2,可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么3.名詞所有格的運(yùn)用教學(xué)難點(diǎn)可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)分教學(xué)過程一、導(dǎo)入(2017河北省邯鄲市小升初初試)Therearemanykindsof(dress)inthatshop.(2017河北省邯鄲市小升初復(fù)試)Thisismy(parent)room,theylikemusic.(2017江西省某市小學(xué)畢業(yè)考試)Therearesome(book)onthedesk.(2017河北省張家口市小升初考試)Howmany(knife)didyoubuyyesterday?(2017河北省廊坊市小升初考試)Those(man)bikesareunderthetree.答案：1.dresses2.parents93.books4,knives5.men's二、知識(shí)講解

知識(shí)點(diǎn)1名詞的概念：表示人、事物、地方、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱的詞。名詞的分類:名詞類別意義例詞專卷名詞表不具體的人名、事物、國(guó)家、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體等的專有名稱Tom,China,theUK,theGreatWall通名詞可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞表示單個(gè)的人或事物girl,student,factory,desk,cat,country集體名詞表小一群人或一些事物的總稱people,police,team,clothes,group不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)water,ice,pork,cheese,cotton,broccoli抽象名詞表示抽象概念的詞fun9health,happiness,courage,love注：1.第一個(gè)字母必須大寫。專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。2.有普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前要用定冠詞〃the〃，但它不大寫，例如theGreatWall。3.有些詞既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，例如：chicken可數(shù)雞room可數(shù)房間fish可數(shù)魚不可數(shù)雞肉不可數(shù)空間不可數(shù)魚肉例題1Icanseesome(people)inthecinema.【答案】people【解析】此題考察名詞的數(shù)，由題中some可知people應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而people意思是"人們"本身是集體名詞，故填peopleo[例題2]Idon'thaveany,butIhavesome.bananas;juiceB.banana;juicesC.abanana;juiceD.bananas;juices【答案】A【解析】此題考察可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)分，some和any后面可以跟不可數(shù)名詞也可以跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，故可排除B和C,juice是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選Ao知識(shí)點(diǎn)2名詞的數(shù)：表示可以計(jì)算數(shù)目的人或物稱為可數(shù)名詞。.可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式:可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式要在名詞前加"a或an";復(fù)數(shù)形式是在名詞后加"-s或-es"。名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式有規(guī)那么變化和不規(guī)那么變化兩種。.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么：序號(hào)情況詞尾變化讀音例詞1一般情況加S在清輔音后讀/s/chips,jeeps,clocks

2在濁輔音或兒日后讀/z/boys,sofas,drawers3以s，x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的單詞加es/iz/watches,boxes,classes4以字母0結(jié)尾的單詞加s或es/z/zoos,photos,bamboos,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞去y變i加es/z/dictionaries,strawberries6以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞去f或fe變v加es/vz/leaves,wives,halves可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)那么變化:序號(hào)形式例詞1變?cè)糇帜?0為eefoot-feet,tooth-teeth2變man為menman-men,woman-women,Frenchman-Frenchmen,Englishman-Englishmen3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,4一些集體名詞本身表示復(fù)數(shù)意義people,police5局部集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）class,family,couple,group,team,6單復(fù)同形Chinese,deer,fish,sheep7完全不規(guī)那么Child-children,mouse-mice各國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么：中日不變，英法變，其余S加后面。例如：Chinese—ChineseJapanese—JapaneseEnglishman—EnglishmenGerman-Germans常見可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)那么形式巧記：老鼠牙，小孩腳,男人女人趕著羊兒，鹿兒，魚兒跟著中國(guó)人跑。mouse—micetooth-teethchild-childrenfoot-feetman—menwoman-womensheep-sheepdeer—deerfish—fishChinese—Chinese不可數(shù)名詞量的表示:1,表示：〃一……〃時(shí)用〃a/an+名詞(相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)中的量詞)+of二例如：acupoftea一杯茶.表示"幾個(gè)"或"許多"時(shí),用相應(yīng)的詞代替a(n)0例如：twopiecesofnews兩條新聞.如果沒有具體的數(shù)量，那么用some,much,alotof等來表示。例如：muchwork許多工作—Iwantthreeandfourmilk,please.—Sure.Hereyouare.A.bags；bottleB.bag;bottleofC.bags;bottleofD.bags;bottlesof【答案】D【解析】此題考察可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)以及不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)的表達(dá)，根據(jù)第個(gè)空前的three可知可數(shù)名詞bag用復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)第二個(gè)空前的four,可知量詞bottle用復(fù)數(shù)，古攵選Do例題2Ihavetwoandthreebottlesofhere.A.orange,orangeB.oranges,orangesC.oranges,orangeD.orange,oranges【答案】C【解析】orange有兩種含義，一種可數(shù)名詞橘子，另一種是不可數(shù)名詞橘汁，此題第一空應(yīng)填可數(shù)名詞，第二空填不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選Co知識(shí)點(diǎn)3名詞所有格名詞的所有格是表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系，有兩種表示形式，.一種是在名詞后+'s(1)一般詞的所有格，直接在詞尾+'s。例如：Tom9sbook(2)以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格只在詞尾例如：Teachers?Day(3)兩人共有的物體，那么在第二個(gè)名詞后+1。例如：LucyandLily'sroom.(指兩人共住一個(gè)房間)(4)如果分別是兩人所有，那么在每個(gè)名詞后面+1。例如：MrsGreerTsandMrsBrown'sson.(指兩人各自的兒子)⑸表示某具體場(chǎng)所時(shí)，所有格后面的名詞可省略。例如：thedoctor^(office).另一種是用of,一般表示無(wú)生命的事物之間的所屬關(guān)系。"事物+of+事物的所有者"例如：thewalloftheclassroom[例題1]EveryeveningMr.Kingtakesatohishome.A.25minutes9walkB.25minute'swalkC.25minutewalkD.25minuteswalk【答案】A【解析】句中的minute應(yīng)該用其復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式，只+1而不能+s,應(yīng)選A。例題2LiMeiwenttomanytimesthismonth.D.aunt'sA.heruncleB.heruncle5sC.herunclesD.aunt's【答案】B

【解析】此句意為〃李梅這個(gè)月去她舅舅家屢次【解析】此句意為應(yīng)選Bo知識(shí)點(diǎn)4名詞辨析1.noise作"噪音"解，指不悅耳，不和諧的聲音。sound作"聲音"解，含義最「，指可以聽到的任何聲音。voice作"聲音"解發(fā)出時(shí)，多指人發(fā)出的聲音,包括說話聲，歌聲，笑聲等。例如：Hervoiceissweet.Don'tmakemuchnoise.Thereisastrangesound.2.home主要指一個(gè)人出生或居住的地方，房屋是其中的一局部，也有“家鄉(xiāng),故