上海市北郊高級(jí)中學(xué)2022年高一英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題含解析

上海市北郊高級(jí)中學(xué)2022年高一英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor---Ireallycouldn’taskfora_______boss.A.worse

B.better

C.best

D.worst參考答案：B2.Itisbeyondmy

tounderstandhowthecomputerworks．

A．strength

B．power

C．energy

D．force參考答案：B3.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosed

B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosed

D.toopenandclose參考答案：C4.Thisissuchanimportantgameforourteamthatwecan’t_____toloseit

A.survive

B.afford

C.offer

D.manage參考答案：B5.

LindaworkedforMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,_____as3M。A.knowing

B.known

C.beingknown

D.tobeknown參考答案：B解析：本題考察過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。這個(gè)句子的意思為：琳達(dá)曾經(jīng)為一個(gè)被稱為3M的公司工作過，也就是明尼蘇達(dá)機(jī)器制造和礦業(yè)公司。6.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.

A.theway

B.thewayinthat

C.thewaywhich

D.thewayof參考答案：A7.What________mostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.

A.important

B.matters

C.allows

D．forgives參考答案：B8.Thewool______sweatersfeelsrough.

A.usedtomake

B.usedtomaking

C.isusedtomake

D.isusedtomaking參考答案：A

9.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans________foranotherhour.A.waiting

B.towaitC.wait

D.tobewaiting參考答案：試題分析：考查詞組：meandoing意味著做…，句意：在倫敦的某些地方，錯(cuò)過一輛公共汽車就意味著再等一輛。選A?？键c(diǎn)：考查詞組點(diǎn)評(píng)：動(dòng)詞mean后面既可以接不定式，也可以接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，但含義不一樣，meandoing“意味著做…”,meantodo打算做…，注意結(jié)合句意進(jìn)行區(qū)分。10.Everypossiblemeans_____toworkouttheproblem,butitistoodifficultforus.

A.isused

B.areused

C.hasbeenused

D.havebeenused參考答案：C11.―DidyoulistentoBarbara’sspeech?

―Yes,Ihaveneverhearda____one.A.good B.better C.best D.well參考答案：B12.Halfoftheclass

donemostofthework.Theleft

ratherdifficult.A.has;is

B.have;is

C.have;are參考答案：B考查主謂一致。一半的同學(xué)完成了大部分工作，余下的相當(dāng)難。class同學(xué)們，表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù);

the

left余下的，the

+adj.指事物時(shí)，看作單數(shù)，故選B。13.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldtakeequalresponsibility,andthatis_______Idisagree.A.why B.whereC.what D.how參考答案：B【詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：你是說每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該承擔(dān)平等的責(zé)任，這正是我不同意的地方。disagree是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，不能直接加賓語(yǔ)，故空格處是作狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空格處表示地點(diǎn)，故選B。14.-WhatdoyouthinkoftheworkIdid?A.

Iwasoffwork

B.

IhaveasweetteethC.It’skindofyou.

D.Itcouldn'tbebetter參考答案：D15.5womenand20men___theteam.Thatistosay,theteam_____5womenand20men.A.makeup;consistsof

B.ismadeupof;isconsistedofC.ismadeupof;isconsistedof D.makeupof;consistsof參考答案：D16.Itwaswhenshewassleepinginherbedroom__________athiefbrokeintothehouse.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.than參考答案：B略17._____Pollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeeling_______shewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.A.As,whether

B.That,as

C.As,that

D.That,it

參考答案：C略18.By2020,Chinese______tothelistoflanguagesinIreland’snationalexams.Aisadded

B,willbeadded

Chasbeenadded

D.willadd參考答案：B19.Studiesshowpeoplewholikesmokingaremore

tohavealowerIQthanthosewhodon’tsmokeatall.A.probable

B.possibleC.willing

D.likely參考答案：D考查固定搭配。句意：研究表明喜歡吸煙的人比那些不喜歡抽煙的人智商更低。belikelytodosth.很可能做某事，故選D。二、完型填空20.Ithinkthatsleepingisperhapsthemostcomfortablethingintheworld.While___21___,Iwilldonothingbutclosemyeyes,leavingallthetroublebehind.However,I___22___getupearlyalmosteverymorning.Myclassbeginsat8:00am,buttheteacherasksustoarriveattheschoolbefore7:15am,sowewillhave___23___timetopreparefortheclasses.Ifyouare___24___,thenyouwillloseonepoint.Andwhenyoulose10___25___,yourparents’visittoschoolwillbeamust.ThoughIthinkit’s___26___toarrivesoearly,Istilldon’twanttoloseanypoints.Onemorning,myalarmclock___27___towork.I___28___withastart(吃驚)andfoundthatitwasalready7:00.Ihadlosttwopointsthatweek,thatistosay,Iwouldlosethreepointsina___29___.Myteachersaidthathe___30___

metobelatethatmorning.Andmyfriendsjokedthatmy___31___wascomingsoon.Ifinally___32___todosomethingtochangethis.Iboughtanewalarmclock.Itsingssongsontimeeverymorning___33___Iturnitoff.Thenewalarmclockisperfectforalazycatlikeme.ThefirsttimeI___34___it,Iwasabletogetupat6:00thenextmorning.Proudof___35___,Itookadeepbreathandfoundthattheairintheearlymorningissurprisingly___36___.IreadsomeEnglishbooks,___37___thatmorningisreallyfitforreadingEnglish.Ihadn’trealized___38___thatmorningissowonderful.“Lifeis___39___aboxofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou’regoingtoget,”justasForrestGumpsaid.Sometimesifyoumakea___40___,youmayfindthatthingswillendupwiththebetter.21.A.tired

B.asleep

C.silent

D.awake22.A.shall

B.may

C.usedto

D.haveto23.A.enough

B.little

C.afew

D.no24.A.lazy

B.sleepy

C.late

D.noisy25.A.times

B.points

C.days

D.classes26.A.surprising B.impossible

C.interesting

D.unnecessary27.A.failed

B.lied

C.sounded

D.disagreed28.A.fellasleep

B.lookedaround

C.wokeup

D.laydown29.A.class

B.day

C.week

D.school30.A.believed

B.expected

C.advised

D.allowed31.A.exam

B.mistake

C.duty

D.day32.A.decided

B.hoped

C.offered

D.preferred33.A.unless

B.if

Cevenif

D.onlyif34.A.had

B.used

C.watched

D.bought35.A.itself

B.them

C.myself

D.us36.A.cool

B.warm

C.comfortable

D.fresh37.A.finding

B.thinking

C.guessing

D.wondering38.A.already

B.yet

C.ago

D.before39.A.as

B.like

C.from

D.with40.A.rule

B.living

C.change

D.way參考答案：21.B

22.D

23.A

24.C

25.B

26.D

27.A

28.C

29.C

30.B

31.D

32.A

33.A

34.B

35.C

36.D

37.A

38.D

39.B

40.C這篇短文講述我由于遲到丟了積分，決定改變自己，早起發(fā)現(xiàn)早晨空氣清新，適合朗讀英語(yǔ)，認(rèn)識(shí)到改變一下會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)生活會(huì)更美好。21.考查形容詞辨析。句意：睡覺的時(shí)候，我什么也不做，只閉上眼睛，把所有的煩惱都留在身后。A.tired疲倦的；B.asleep睡著的；C.silent沉默的；D.awake醒著的。根據(jù)第一句提到睡覺是最舒服的事，可知此處表示睡覺的時(shí)候。故選B.22.考查副詞辨析及上下文推理。句意：但是，我?guī)缀趺刻煸缟隙家缙?。A.shall應(yīng)，將；B.may也許；C.usedto過去經(jīng)常；D.haveto不得不。根據(jù)下文中的“theteacherasksustoarriveattheschoolbefore7:15am”可推知，“我”每天都要早起。故選D.23.考查形容詞辨析。句意：我的課程從早上8點(diǎn)開始，但是老師要求我們?cè)谠缟?點(diǎn)15分之前到達(dá)學(xué)校，所以我們有足夠的時(shí)間來(lái)準(zhǔn)備上課。A.enough足夠的；B.little完全不；C.afew一些，幾個(gè)；D.no不。根據(jù)7點(diǎn)15分到校，8點(diǎn)才上課，可推知有充足的時(shí)間做課前準(zhǔn)備。故選A.24.考查形容詞辨析。句意：如果你遲到了，你就會(huì)失去一分。A.lazy懶惰的；B.sleepy困倦的；C.late晚的；D.noisy吵鬧的。根據(jù)下文提到遲到了失去了積分，可知遲到一次會(huì)失去一分。故選C.25.考查名詞辨析及上下文推理。句意：當(dāng)你失去10分的時(shí)候，你的父母必須去學(xué)校。A.times次數(shù)；B.points積分；C.days天；D.classes班。根據(jù)上文中的“youwillloseonepoint”可知，失去10分你的父母會(huì)被叫到學(xué)校。故選B.26.考查形容詞辨析。句意：雖然我認(rèn)為這么早到達(dá)是沒有必要的，但我還是不想失去任何積分。A.surprising令人吃驚的；B.impossible不可能的；C.interesting令人吃驚的；D.unnecessary不必要的。根據(jù)句意可知，自己不愿被扣積分，雖然認(rèn)為沒有必要到校那么早。故選D.27.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：一天早上，我的鬧鐘沒響。A.failed失??；B.lied撒謊；C.sounded聽起來(lái)；D.disagreed不同意。根據(jù)下文“Iboughtanewalarmclock.”推知，此處表示鬧鈴壞了，沒有響。故選A.28.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我一覺醒來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)7點(diǎn)了。A.fellasleep睡覺；B.lookedaround四下觀望；C.wokeup醒來(lái)；D.laydown放下。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)自己醒來(lái)很吃驚，發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)7點(diǎn)了。故選C.29.考查名詞辨析。句意：這周我已經(jīng)丟了兩分，也就是說，我一周之內(nèi)會(huì)丟掉三分。A.class班；B.day天；C.week周；D.school學(xué)校。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本周已經(jīng)丟了兩分，現(xiàn)在遲到又丟一分，所以一周之內(nèi)丟失三分。故選C.30.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我的老師說他預(yù)料到我那天早上遲到。A.believed相信；B.expected預(yù)料；C.advised建議；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我連續(xù)失分，所以推知此處表示老師預(yù)料到自己會(huì)遲到。故選B.31.考查名詞辨析。句意：我的朋友們開玩笑說我的日子快到了。A.exam考試；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.duty職責(zé)；D.day天。根據(jù)上文提到被扣10分就會(huì)被叫家長(zhǎng)，自己一周失去了三分，所以推知此處表示自己被叫家長(zhǎng)的日子快到了。故選D.32.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我最終決定做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)改變這一點(diǎn)。A.decided決定；B.hoped希望；C.offered提供；D.preferred更喜歡。由于自己再不改變現(xiàn)狀就會(huì)別叫家長(zhǎng)，所以推知此處表示“我”決定要改變。故選A.33.考查連詞辨析。句意：除非我把它關(guān)掉，否則它每天早上都會(huì)唱歌。A.unless除非；B.if如果；C.evenif即使；D.onlyif只要…就。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，買來(lái)的新鬧鐘早上一直在響，除非你關(guān)掉它。故選A.34.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：第一次用的時(shí)候，我第二天早上6點(diǎn)就起床了。A.had有；B.used使用；C.watched觀看；D.bought買。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示我用它的時(shí)候。故選B.35.考查代詞辨析。句意：我為自己感到驕傲，深深地吸了一口氣，發(fā)現(xiàn)清晨的空氣出奇的清新。A.itself它自己；B.them他們；C.myself我自己；D.us我們。我做到了改變，所以推知我對(duì)自己感到改變。故選C.36.考查形容詞辨析及生活常識(shí)。句意：我為自己感到驕傲，深深地吸了一口氣，發(fā)現(xiàn)清晨的空氣出奇的清新。A.cool涼爽的；B.warm溫暖的；C.comfortable舒適的；D.fresh新鮮的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及生活常識(shí)可知早上的空氣是清新的。故選D.37.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我讀了一些英語(yǔ)書，發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)早晨非常適合閱讀英語(yǔ)。A.finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.thinking思考，想；C.guessing猜；D.wondering想知道。根據(jù)上文提到自己覺得可沒有必要那么早到校，可知突然發(fā)現(xiàn)早上適合朗讀英語(yǔ)。故選A.38.考查副詞辨析。句意：那天早上我還沒有意識(shí)到這是多么美妙的事情。A.already已經(jīng)；B.yet還；C.ago…之前；D.before…之前。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在這一天之前，“我”沒有意識(shí)到這么美好的事情。根據(jù)before用于完成時(shí)，ago用于一般過去時(shí)。故選D.39.考查介詞辨析。句意：生活就像一盒巧克力。A.as當(dāng)作；B.like像；C.from從；D.with用，隨著。此處應(yīng)該用一個(gè)介詞，表示“像”。故選B.40.考查名詞辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，如果你做出了改變，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)事情最終會(huì)變得更好。A.rule規(guī)則；B.living生存；C.change改變；D.way方法，道路。根據(jù)句意可知，有時(shí)如果你做出改變，你或許發(fā)現(xiàn)事情會(huì)變得更好。故選C.【名師點(diǎn)睛】完形填空題的命題特點(diǎn)及答題方法：1.側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力完形填空以文入手，結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容考查學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，主要是詞語(yǔ)搭配、固定句型、近義詞辨析、辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的能力，其中考查實(shí)詞居多。2.上下文對(duì)照，考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力解完形填空題時(shí)，單獨(dú)看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要注意句子間的關(guān)系及句子與段落的關(guān)系。所謂上下對(duì)照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做題時(shí)要邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。3.設(shè)置語(yǔ)境，考查學(xué)生的分析推理能力旨在考查學(xué)生在選項(xiàng)都符合語(yǔ)法及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的情況下能否利用前后語(yǔ)境去推斷出正確答案。如小題7，文中沒有具體的相關(guān)信息，通過下文“Iboughtanewalarmclock.”推知，此處表示鬧鈴壞了，沒有響。4.結(jié)合生活，考查學(xué)生利用常識(shí)題的能力目的考查學(xué)生的生活常識(shí)，看看學(xué)生是否善于觀察生活，積累生活常識(shí)，能否利用常識(shí)去做恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。如小題16，文中沒有提到相關(guān)的信息，但是通過學(xué)生的日常生活積累，可知早上的空氣是清新的。5.關(guān)注連詞，考查學(xué)生對(duì)行文邏輯、句子關(guān)聯(lián)的理解能力此項(xiàng)用來(lái)考查學(xué)生在缺少連詞的情況想，通過閱讀能否理解句子的與句子的關(guān)系，是否了解行文邏輯的要求，能否掌握表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、讓步等的連詞的用法。21.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whendescribingpeople,weoftenusethethreecommonwords:men,women,children.___41_ofusagreethatboysandgirlsshouldhave__42__rights.Butinalmosteverysocietyinthe__43__,girlsaretreatedlesswellthanboys.__44__,peoplepaidlittleattentiontodifferences__45__boysandgirlsandthewaysin_46__theyweretreated.However,recentresearch__47__thatgirlsreceivelessattentionthanboysinmatter__48__asschooling,health,jobsandearnings.__49__girlswerevaluedandtreatedaswellasboys,therewouldbe_50__another100millionwomenintheworld.[]In___51_countriesoftheworld,girlslivewithfamilies__52__whomtheyworkasservants.They_53___twelvehoursaday,oftenreceiveno__54__,havenobedroomoftheirownandarenot__55__torunaway.Whydoethishappen?The__56__isthatpoorfamilieswholiveinthecountry__57__notbeabletohaveenoughfoodforalltheirchildren.Sogirlsare___58___tofamiliesintownstowork__59__servants.InHaitithereare109,000children,__60__girls,aged5-18wholivewithrichfamiliesandworkfornothing.

41

ANone

BFewCMost

DEveryone42

AdifferentBsafeCfairDequal43

AworldBfamilyCtown

Dcountry44

AInfact

BInallCIntheendDInthepast45

AbothBbetweenCfrom

Dabout46

Ahow

Bwhat

CwhichDthose47

Athinks

BimaginesCimprovesDproves48

Ajust

BsuchCthesameDso49

AIf

BEvenifCUnlessDWhen50

AatlastBatmostCatleastDatonce51

AnoBany

CallDmany52

AwithBfor

CbyDfrom53

AworkBliveCspendDneed54

Ahelp

Bhope

CattentionDmoney55

Aallowed

BforbiddenCableDfree56

AreasonBfact

CquestionDproblem57

AcanBmayCmustDshould58

AfedBdevotedCsentDfit59

AonBasCwithDfor60

AsentBalmost

CnearlyDsurely參考答案：41-45CDADB

46-50CDBAC

51-55DBADC

56-60ABCBA三、閱讀理解22.閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文并回答問題，然后將答案寫到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上（請(qǐng)注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求）。[1]IfyouthinkEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?[2]AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.[3]Theresearchersalsofoundtheeffectisgreaterontheyoungerpeoplewholearnasecondlanguage.[4]AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals(通兩種語(yǔ)言的人)”,whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.[5]Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity（密度）inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithout_________.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifferencewas.[6]“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,”saidthescientists.[7]Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.[8]ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible,”hesaid,“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”76．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?（nomorethan10words）___________________________________________________________________________77．Completethefollowingstatementwithproperwords.（nomorethan4words）Masteringtwolanguagescanbroadenyourviewsintheworldandmakes_____________78．FillintheblankinParagraph5withproperwords．（nomorethan4words）__________________________________________________________________79．WhatdoyouthinkofEnglishlearningafteryoureadthispassage?（nomorethan10words）_______________________________________________________________________________80．Whatdoestheword"they"（Line2,Paragraph4）probablyreferto?（nomorethan5words）__________________參考答案：76．LearningaSecondLanguagewillimproveyourbrainpower.77.thebrainmoreflexible78.(learning)asecondlanguage79.LearningEnglishcanleadtoanincreaseinourbrainpower.80.AgroupofBritons.略23.

EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.

However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(橢圓形).

NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(解決，計(jì)算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearancehadbeen75to76yearsapart.

ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,theorehisthoughtthattherehadbeenthreedifferentcometsaspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.

Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainthoughtomakeaprediction(預(yù)言)ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecome