中英文合同翻譯指導

中英文合同翻譯指導英文合同翻譯

2023年02月27日

星期二

12:05

引子:鑒于現(xiàn)在對外溝通事例漸漸增多,英文合同特殊是經(jīng)濟合同的翻譯愈顯重要,若譯文不精確或不嚴謹,勢必會引起不必要的經(jīng)濟糾紛.故今以一英文(經(jīng)濟)合同寫作書籍為藍本,錄入一些有益文字,盼望大家共同提高英文(經(jīng)濟)合同的翻譯和寫作。

合同文件是合同雙方簽訂并必需遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的語言應表達其權威性.英文合同用語的特點之一就表現(xiàn)在用詞上,即選擇那些法律用詞,以及正式用詞,使合同表達的意思精確無誤,到達雙方對合同中使用的詞無可爭議的程度。

一.hereby

英文釋義:by

means

of,by

reason

of

this

中文譯詞:特此,因此,茲

用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書等正式文件的開頭語；在條款中需要強調(diào)時也可用。

語法：一般置于主語后,緊鄰主語.

例1：

The

Employer

hereby

covenants

to

pay

the

Contractor

in

consideration

of

the

e*ecution

and

completion

of

the

Works

and

the

remedying

of

defects

therein

the

Contract

Price

or

such

other

sum

as

may

become

payable

under

the

provisions

of

the

Contract

at

the

time

and

in

the

manner

prescribed

by

the

Contract.

參考譯文:

業(yè)主特此立約保證在合同規(guī)定的期限內(nèi),按合同規(guī)定的方式向承包人支付合同價,或合同規(guī)定的其它應支付的款項,以作為本工程施工、竣工及修補工程中缺陷的酬勞。

解釋:

(1)hereby:

by

reason

of

this

特此

(2)

covenant:

v.

make

a

formal

agreement

立約,、條約;

n.

legal

agreement具有法律約束的正式合同

(3)completion

of

the

Works:

工程的竣工

(4)therein:

in

the

Works在本工程中

(5)the

Contract

Price:

合同總價,指工程的總造價

(6)

such.as:

關系代詞,相當于that,which

(7)under:

in

accordance

with

依據(jù),根據(jù)

(8)the

provisions

of

the

Contract:

terms

and

conditions

of

the

Contract合同條款

例2：

We

hereby

certify

to

the

best

of

our

knowledge

that

the

foregoing

statement

is

true

and

correct

and

all

available

information

and

data

have

been

supplied

herein,and

that

we

agree

to

provide

do-cumentary

proof

upon

your

request.

解釋：

（1）hereby：特此

（2）to

the

best

of

our

knowledge：as

far

as

we

know據(jù)我們所知

（3）foregoing

statement：above-mentioned

statement上述聲明

（4）herein：in

this,in

the

statement在聲明中

（5）documentary

proof：證明文件

參考譯文：

特此證明，據(jù)我們所知，上述聲明內(nèi)容真實，正確無誤，并供應了全部現(xiàn)有的資料和數(shù)據(jù)，我們同意，應貴方要求出具證明文件。

例3：

This

Contract

is

hereby

made

and

concluded

by

and

between

Co.

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

A)

and

Co.

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

B)

on

(Date),in

(Place),China,on

the

principle

of

equality

and

mutual

benefit

and

through

amicable

consultation.

解釋：

（1）hereby：特此

（2）hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

A：以下稱甲方

（3）on

the

principle

of

equality

and

mutual

benefit：在公平互利根底上

（4）through

amicable

consultation：通過友好協(xié)商

參考譯文：

本合同雙方，

公司（以下稱甲方）與

公司（以下稱乙方），在公平互利根底上，通過友好協(xié)商，于*年*月*日在中國

（地點），特簽訂本合同。

例4：

This

agreement

is

hereby

made

and

entered

into

on

(Date),by

and

between

Co.

China

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

A)

and

Co.

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

B).

解釋：

（1）this

agreement

is

hereby

made

and

entered

into：特此訂立本協(xié)議

在法律文件中表示“訂立本協(xié)議”可用以下4個動詞：sign

(make,conclude

or

enter

into)

this

agreement,根據(jù)同義詞連用的寫作特點，可用上述4個動詞中的兩個來表示）。

（2）hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

B：以下簡稱乙方

參考譯文：

本協(xié)議特由中國

公司（以下簡稱甲方）與

公司（以下簡稱乙方）于*年*月*日訂立。

十七

provided

that

釋義:

但規(guī)定，規(guī)定；但是

用法:

常用于在合同的某一條款中需要作進一步規(guī)定時，或在作規(guī)定時語氣上表示轉折時。在中譯英時，要留意該詞組的使用。有時從中文上看，盡管沒有“但規(guī)定”，“進一步規(guī)定”的詞語，但英文寫作時，應加上“provided

that”。參見例4，在中譯英時，盡管中文中沒有“但規(guī)定假如”，但依據(jù)上下文可看出在同一條款中包含了兩個規(guī)定，后一句為對前一句的進一步規(guī)定，因此英文應加上“provided

that

if”。

例1

An

irrevocable

credit

shall

be

deemed

to

constitute

a

definite

undertaking

of

the

issuing

bank.

Provided

that

if

the

stipulated

documents

are

presented

and

are

complied

with

the

terms,conditions

and

provisions

of

the

credit,and

if

the

credit

provides

for

sight

payment,the

payment

shall

be

made

or

shall

be

guaranteed

to

be

made.

解釋：

（1）an

irrevocable

credit：不行撤銷信用證

（2）shall

be

deemed

to

constitute

a

definite

undertaking

of

the

issuing

bank：應被認為構成開證行確實定承諾

（3）provided

that

if

the

stipulated

documents

are

presented

and

are

complied

with

the

terms,conditions

and

provisions

of

the

credit：（但規(guī)定，）在提交了規(guī)定的單據(jù)并符合了信用證條款時

（4）the

credit

provides

for

sight

payment：即期付款信用證

（5）the

payment

shall

be

made

or

shall

be

guaranteed

to

be

made：則進展付款或保證該款的照付

參考譯文：

不行撤銷信用證，應被認為構成開證行確實定承諾。在提交了規(guī)定的單據(jù)并符合了信用證條款時，如系即期付款信用證，則進展付款或保證該款的照付。

例2

When

an

issuing

bank

authorizes

or

requests

another

bank

to

confirm

its

irrevocable

credit

and

the

latter

has

added

its

confirmation,such

confirmation

constitutes

a

definite

undertaking

of

such

bank

(the

confirming

bank),in

addition

to

that

of

the

issuing

bank.

Provided

that

if

the

stipulated

documents

are

presented

and

comply

with

the

terms,conditions

and

provisions

of

the

credit,and

if

the

credit

provides

for

sight

payment,the

payment

will

be

made

or

shall

be

guaranteed

to

be

made.

解釋：

（1）issuing

bank：開證行

（2）the

latter

has

added

its

confirmation：后者已照加保兌

（3）the

confirming

bank：保兌行

（4）provided

that

if

the

stipulated

documents

are

presented

and

comply

with

the

terms,conditions

and

provisions

of

the

credit：（但規(guī)定，）在提交了規(guī)定的單據(jù)并符合了信用證條款時

參考譯文：

當開證行授權或要求另一銀行保兌其不行撤銷信用證，而后者已照加保兌時，該保兌構成該銀行（保兌行）在開證行承諾以外確實定承諾。在提交了規(guī)定的單據(jù)并符合了信用證條款時，如系即期付款信用證，則進展付款或保證該款的照付。

例3

A

wholly

state-owned

company

has

no

shareholders’

meetings.

The

company’s

board

of

directors

shall

be

authorized

by

the

state-authorized

investment

institution

or

the

state-authorized

department

to

e*ercise

part

of

the

powers

of

the

shareholders’

meetings,and

to

decide

on

the

major

issues

of

the

company.

Provided

that

if

the

decisions

on

merger,division,dissolution

of

the

company,increase

or

decrease

in

capital

and

issue

of

corporate

bonds

shall

be

made

and

decided,the

decisions

in

question

shall

be

made

by

the

state-authorized

investment

institution

or

the

state-authorized

department

解釋：

（1）wholly

state-owned

company：國有獨資公司

（2）has

no

shareholders’

meetings：不設股東會

（3）company’s

board

of

directors：公司董事會

（4）major

issues

of

the

company：公司的重大事項

（5）provided

that

if

the

decisions

on

merger,division,dissolution

of

the

company,increase

or

decrease

in

capital

and

issue

of

corporate

bonds：但關于公司的合并、分立、解散、增減資本和發(fā)行公司債券的打算

（6）the

state-authorized

investment

institution

or

the

state-authorized

department：國家授權投資的機構或者國家授權的部門

參考譯文：

國有獨資公司不設股東會，由國家授權投資的機構或者國家授權的部門，授權公司董事會行使股東會的局部職權，打算公司的重大事項，但公司的合并、分立、解散、增減資本和發(fā)行公司債券，必需由國家授權投資的機構或者國家授權的部門打算。

集資料，整理出來的打印版，源于—本英文寫作書籍，供大家參考。

—.

hereby

英文釋義:by

means

of,by

reason

of

this

中文譯詞:特此,因此,茲

用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書等正式文件的開頭語；在條款中需要強調(diào)時也可用。

語法：—般置于主語后,緊鄰主語.

例1：

The

Employer

hereby

covenants

to

pay

the

Contractor

in

consideration

of

the

e*ecution

and

completion

of

the

Works

and

the

remedying

of

defects

therein

the

Contract

Price

or

such

other

sum

as

may

become

payable

under

the

provisions

of

the

Contract

at

the

time

and

in

the

manner

prescribed

by

the

Contract.

參考譯文:

業(yè)主特此立約保證在合同規(guī)定的期限內(nèi),按合同規(guī)定的方式向承包人支付合同價,或合同規(guī)定的其它應支付的款項,以作為本工程施工、竣工及修補工程中缺陷的酬勞。

解釋:

(1)hereby:

by

reason

of

this

特此

(2)covenant:

v.

make

a

formal

agreement

立約,簽訂合同、條約;

n.

legal

agreement具有法律約束的正式合同

(3)completion

of

the

Works:

工程的竣工

(4)therein:

in

the

Works在本工程中

(5)the

Contract

Price:

合同總價,指工程的總造價

(6)such.as:

關系代詞,相當于that,which

(7)under:

in

accordance

with

依據(jù),根據(jù)

(8)the

provisions

of

the

Contract:

terms

and

conditions

of

the

Contract合同條款

例2：

We

hereby

certify

to

the

best

of

our

knowledge

that

the

foregoing

statement

is

true

and

correct

and

all

available

information

and

data

have

been

supplied

herein,and

that

we

agree

to

provide

documentary

proof

upon

your

request.

解釋：

（1）hereby：特此

（2）to

the

best

of

our

knowledge：as

far

as

we

know據(jù)咱們所知

（3）foregoing

statement：above-mentioned

statement上述聲明

（4）herein：in

this,in

the

statement在聲明中

（5）documentary

proof：證明文件

參考譯文：

特此證明，據(jù)咱們所知，上述聲明內(nèi)容真實，正確無誤，并供應了全部現(xiàn)有的資料與數(shù)據(jù)，咱們同意，應貴方要求出具證明文件。

例3：

This

Contract

is

hereby

made

and

concluded

by

and

between

Co.

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

A)

and

Co.

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

B)

on

(Date),in

(Place),China,on

the

principle

of

equality

and

mutual

benefit

and

through

amicable

consultation.

解釋：

（1）hereby：特此

（2）hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

A：以下稱甲方

（3）on

the

principle

of

equality

and

mutual

benefit：在公平互利根底上

（4）through

amicable

consultation：通過友好協(xié)商

參考譯文：

本合同雙方，

公司（以下稱甲方）與

公司（以下稱乙方），在公平互利根底上，通過友好協(xié)商，于

年

月

曰在中國

（地點），特簽訂本合同。

例4：

This

agreement

is

hereby

made

and

entered

into

on

(Date),by

and

between

Co.

China

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

A)

and

Co.

(hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

B).

解釋：

（1）this

agreement

is

hereby

made

and

entered

into：特此訂立本協(xié)議

在法律文件中表示“訂立本協(xié)議”可用以下4個動詞：sign

(make,conclude

or

enter

into)

this

agreement,根據(jù)同義詞連用的寫作特點，可用上述4個動詞中的兩個來表示）。

（2）hereinafter

referred

to

as

Party

B：以下簡稱乙方

參考譯文：

本協(xié)議特由中國

公司（以下簡稱甲方）與

公司（以下簡稱乙方）于

年

月

曰訂立。

二

hereof

英文釋義:

of

this

中文譯詞:關于此點；在本文件中

用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”時，使用該詞。例如表示本合同條件、條款時，可以講“the

terms,conditions

and

provisions

hereof”，這里hereof表示“of

this

Contract”；又如表示本工程的任何局部，可用“any

parts

hereof”，這里hereof表示“of

this

Works”。

語法：—般置于要修飾的名詞的后面，與之緊鄰。

hereof與thereof的區(qū)分：hereof強調(diào)“of

this”。例如，上面的“the

terms,conditions

and

provisions

thereof”中的thereof表示of

the

Contract；“any

parts

thereof”中的thereof表示of

the

Works。

例1

Whether

the

custom

of

the

Port

is

contrary

to

this

Clause

or

not,the

owner

of

the

goods

shall,without

interruption,by

day

and

night,including

Sundays

and

holidays

(if

required

by

the

carrier),supply

and

take

delivery

of

the

goods.

Provided

that

the

owner

of

the

goods

shall

be

liable

for

all

losses

or

damages

including

demurrage

incurred

in

default

on

the

provisions

hereof.

解釋：

（1）

Whether

the

custom

of

the

Port

is

contrary

to

this

Clause

or

not：不管港口習慣是`否與本款規(guī)定相反，whether…

or

not：不管……是`否

（2）

the

owner

of

the

goods：貨方

（3）

without

interruption：無連續(xù)地

（4）

carrier：承運人

（5）

in

default

on

the

provisions

hereof：違反本款規(guī)定

hereof：of

this

Clause

參考譯文：

不管港口習慣是`否與本款規(guī)定相反，貨方都應晝夜地，包括星期曰與假曰（如承運人需要），無連續(xù)地供應與提取貨物。貨方對違反本款規(guī)定所引起的全部損失或損

壞，包括滯期應負擔賠償責任。

例2

Foreign

trade

dealers

as

mentioned

in

this

Law

shall,in

accordance

with

the

provisions

hereof,cover

such

legal

entities

and

other

organization

as

are

engaged

in

foreign

trade

dealings.

解釋：

（1）

foreign

trade

dealers：對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營者

（2）

as

mentioned

in

this

Law：本法所稱

（3）

the

provisions

hereof：the

provisions

of

this

Law

本法規(guī)定

（4）

legal

entity：法人

（5）

be

engaged

in

foreign

trade

dealings：從事對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營活動

參考譯文：

本法所稱對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營者，是`指依照本法規(guī)定從事對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營活動的法人與其他組織。

例3

The

establishment

of

a

limited

liability

company

or

a

company

limited

by

shares

shall

comply

with

the

conditions

and

provisions

of

this

Law.

A

company

complying

with

the

conditions

and

provisions

hereof

may

be

registered

as

a

limited

liability

company

or

a

company

limited

by

shares.

Provided

that

if

a

company

fails

to

comply

with

the

conditions

and

provisions

hereof,the

company

in

question

shall

not

be

registered

as

a

limited

liability

company

or

a

company

limited

by

shares.

解釋：

（1）a

limited

liability

company：有限責任公司

（2）a

company

limited

by

shares：股份有限公司

（3）provisions

hereof：本法規(guī)定

hereof:

of

this

Law

（4）may

be

registered

as：登記為

參考譯文：

設立有限責任公司、股份有限公司，必需符合本法規(guī)定的條件。符合本法規(guī)定的條件的，登記為有限責任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法規(guī)定的條件的，不得登記為有限責任公司或股份有限公司。

例4

If,as

a

result

of

withdrawal

or

any

other

reasons,an

arbitrator

fails

to

perform

his

duties

as

an

arbitrator,another

arbitrator

shall,in

accordance

with

the

provisions

hereof,be

selected

or

appointed.

解釋：

篇3：選購合同中英文對比模板

Purchase

Agreement

選購合同

Buyer:

買方：

Seller

:

賣方：

Agreement

Signed

Date:

簽約日期：

Purchase

Agreement

選購合同

This

Deed

of

Agreement

is

made

and

e*ecuted

on

英文日期

此協(xié)議由以下雙方于2023年

月

日簽訂

買方名,hereinafter

called

the

“Buyer”

買方名，以下簡稱買方。

AND

賣方名(the“seller”).

賣方名以下簡稱賣方。

Now

both

of

the

above

mentioned

parties

are

signing

this

Deed

of

Agreement

considering

the

below

mentioned

points,terms

and

conditions.

雙方依據(jù)以下條款、條件簽訂此協(xié)議：

1.供貨明細

Supply

Description

1.1

實際的供貨明細表

1.2

During

the

duration

of

the

agreement,the

unit

price

is

fi*ed;

if

the

seller

raises

unit

price,buyer

has

the

right

to

terminate

the

agreement.

合同有效期內(nèi)，單價保持不變。若合同執(zhí)行期間，賣方上調(diào)價格，買方有權終止協(xié)議。

2.

Quantity

數(shù)量

The

quantity

mentioned

above

just

for

reference,the

quantity

shall

be

determined

by

the

actual

quantity.

訂單數(shù)量是參考數(shù)量，以雙方實際驗收數(shù)量為準。

3.Check

and

acceptance

驗收

Buyer

will

do

check

and

acceptance

work

after

Buyer

receiving

the

goods

(must

be

same

quality

as

the

sample

provided

by

Seller),If

any

quality

issues,the

Seller

must

withdraw

the

unqualified

goods

by

their

own

cost,and

compensate

related

cost

to

Buyer.

Buyer

will

not

bear

any

responsibility

or

cost.

買方收到貨物應先進展檢測（符合供貨商供應的樣品），合格前方可使用，如發(fā)覺質(zhì)量問題，賣方應將不合格的產(chǎn)品運回，并擔當由此給買方造成的任何損失，買方不擔當任何責任和費用。

4.Liability

for

Breach

of

Agreement

違約責任

4.1

The

Parties

hereto

shall

endeavor

to

settle

all

disputes

and

differences

relating

to

and/or

arising

out

of

the

Agreement

amicably.

雙方應和平解決該合同下產(chǎn)生的全部爭議和分歧。

4.2

In

the

event

of

the

Parties

failing

to

resolve

any

dispute

amicably

the

same

shall

be

submitted

to

international

Court

of

Arbitration

of

ICC

for

Arbitration

in

accordance

with

the

Rules

of

Conciliation

and

Arbitration

of

International

Chamber

of

Commerce.

假如雙方未友好解決爭議，該爭議應依據(jù)國際商會調(diào)停和仲裁規(guī)定，訴諸國際商會仲裁法院仲裁。

4.3

The

place

of

arbitration

shall

be

in

China

and

language

of

the

arbitration

shall

be

Chinese

and

English

and

Chinese

shall

be

prevailing.

仲裁地位于中國，所用語言為中、英語，以中文為準。

5.Force

Majeure

不行抗力

5.1

Neither

party

shall

be

considered

in

default

in

the

performance

of

its

obligations

hereunder

to

the

extent

that

the

performance

of

such

obligation

is

delayed

or

prevented

by

Force

Majeure.

因以下不行抗力影響或延誤雙方履行其職責時，都不能認為是任何一方的違約行為。

5.2

For

the

purpose

of

this

provision

“Force

Majeure”

means

the

effective

occurrence

of

any

act

or

event

which

is

unforeseeable,Insurmountable

and

outside

of

the

affected

Party’s

control

and

which

renders

the

said

Party

unable

to

comply

totally

or

partially

with

its

obligations

under

this

Agreement,provided

that

the

foregoing

criteria

shall

be

met

altogether.

Force

Majeure

shall

include

acts

of

God

(such

as

epidemic,tidal

wave,lightening,earthquake,hurricane),hostilities,or

acts

of

war

(whether

declared

or

not),riots

(other

than

among

employees

of

Seller

or

Buyer）,civil

or

military

disturbances,national,regional

or

professional

strikes

(e*cluding

strikes,lock-outs

and

other

industrial

disputes

or

actions

by,between

or

originated

among

employees

of

Buyer

or

Seller

).

Force

Majeure

also

includes

Road

congestion,political

unrest

and

Govt.

Holidays.

Force

Majeure

shall

not

include

events

such

as

insolvency

of

any

Party.

此條款中所述“不行抗力”意指任何不行預見、無法克制并且超出相關方掌握的行動或大事，導致上述相關方無法根據(jù)所要求的標準履行此協(xié)議下的局部或全部職責。不行抗力應包括天災（比方瘟疫、潮流、閃電、地震、颶風）、敵對行為、或戰(zhàn)斗（不管是否宣戰(zhàn)）、暴亂（買方或賣方雇員發(fā)生暴亂除外）、內(nèi)政或軍事動亂、國家、地區(qū)或職業(yè)罷工（買方或賣方雇員發(fā)起的罷工、停工及其相互之間產(chǎn)生的工業(yè)糾紛或發(fā)起的行動除外）。不行抗力還包括交通擁擠、政局動亂和法定假期；但不包括像任何一方的破產(chǎn)大事。

5.3

Either

party

shall

have

the

right,by

giving

notice

to

the

other,to

suspend

performance

of

its

obligations

in

whole

or

in

part

forthwith

upon,and

to

the

extent

necessitated

by,the

occurrence

of

Force

Majeure

and

the

time

for

completion

of

the

Services

shall

be

extended

commensurate

with

any

such

delay.

依據(jù)不行抗力的程度，任何一方都有權準時通知另一方，推遲其全部或局部上述義務；同時相應延長義務履行時間。

5.4

The

Party

claiming

Force

Majeure

shall

give

the

other

Party

notice

thereof

as

soon

as

practicable.

Such

notice

shall

include

a

description

and

authentication

of

the

event

or

circumstances

of

Force

Majeure,the

portion

(where

applicable)

of

the

Agreement

affected

and

an

estimate

of

anticipated

delay.

提出不行抗力的一方應準時通知另一方。此通知應包括大事描述及其鑒定或其發(fā)生環(huán)境，協(xié)議受影響局部和估量的預期推遲時間。

5.5

Upon

the

occurrence

of

any

circumstances

of

Force

Majeure,the

Seller

shall

endeavor

to

continue

to

perform

his

obligations

under

the

Agreement

so

far

as

reasonably

practicable.

The

Seller

shall

notify

Buyer

of

the

steps

they

propose

to

take

including

any

reasonable

alternative

means

for

performance

which

is

not

prevented

by

Force

Majeure.

The

Seller

shall

not

take

any

such

steps

unless

directed

so

to

do

by

Buyer

and

an

adjustment

to

the

Time

Schedule

shall

be

made

accordingly.

一旦發(fā)生上述任何一種不行抗力，只要狀況許可，賣方都應盡可能持續(xù)履行該協(xié)議義務。賣方應通知買方其規(guī)劃實行的措施，包括不受不行抗力影響的其它