人教課標高二必修5 Unit 1

Unit1Greatscientists1.________adj.科學的2._______vt.

分析3.______vt.打敗;戰(zhàn)勝;使受挫n.失敗4.______adj.

熟練的;經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的n.專家;行家5.______vt.照顧;護理;出席;參加6.____vt.&n.治愈;痊愈;治療scientificanalysedefeatexpert知識清單（一）基本單詞attendcure7.________n.挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)8.______vt.吸收;吸引;使專心9.______vt.懷疑n.嫌疑犯10.______adj.嚴重的;劇烈的;嚴厲的11._____vt.責備;譴責n.過失;責備12.______n.柄;把手vt.處理;操縱13.____vi.&vt.(使)旋轉(zhuǎn);紡(線或紗)14.__________adj.熱情的;熱心的15.____________n.

特征;特性16.________n.

醫(yī)生;內(nèi)科醫(yī)生challengeabsorbsuspectsevereblamehandlespinenthusiasticcharacteristicphysician17.______n.

受害者18.____________n.

附近；臨近19.______v.

預見；預知20.________n.

煙火21._____n.

圖表22._______adj.

積極的；肯定的；確實的23._________n.

移動；動作24._________adj.&adv.

向后的；相反的25._______adj.

小心的；謹慎的26._______n.

宇宙；世界victimneighborhoodforeseefireworkchartpositivemovementbackwardcautiousuniverse1.________vt.&vi.

結(jié)束;推斷出_________n.結(jié)論;結(jié)束2.______vt.

暴露;揭露;使曝光_______adj.無遮蔽的;無保護的3.______vt.

污染;弄臟________n.污染4._________vt.宣布;通告_____________n.通知;宣告concludeconclusionexposeexposedpollutepollution（二）派生單詞announceannouncement5._________vt.&vi.

捐獻;貢獻;捐助___________n.捐獻;貢獻;捐助6._____vt.拒絕;不接受;拋棄________n.拒絕;拋棄7._______vt.

命令;指示;教導

_________n.

指示;說明contributecontributionreject

rejectioninstructinstruction1.提出2.得出結(jié)論3.顯露;暴露4.將……和……聯(lián)系起來5.除……之外;此外6.對……嚴格的7.講得通;有意義8.有時9.調(diào)查put

forwarddrawa

conclusionexpose...

tolink...

to...（三）短語apart

frombestrict

withmake

senseattimeslook

into（四）句式1.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.

neither...nor...既不……也不……,連接句中兩個相同成分。2.

Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied

everytimetherewas

anoutbreak.

everytime引導時間狀語從句,相當于whenever,意思是“每當……”。3.Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

havesth.done結(jié)構(gòu)。delivered是過去分詞,作it的賓語補足語,表示被動關(guān)系。核心要點（一）單詞1.attend

vt.&vi.出席;參加;照顧;專心;陪伴歸納attendameeting/alecture/awedding參加會議/聽演講/參加婚禮attendon/uponsb.伺候某人；照顧某人attendto處理;注意傾聽;專心于;照料2.conclude

vt.&vi.

結(jié)束;推斷出

歸納

sth.(fromsth.)conclude

推斷出;斷定

(fromsth.)that...with/on/as/bysth.concludesth

以......結(jié)束

bydoingsth.conclusion

n.結(jié)論;結(jié)束draw/reach/cometoaconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion最后3.defeat

vt.打敗;戰(zhàn)勝;使受挫n.失敗

辨析defeat/

beat/windefeat和beat是同義詞,其賓語為人或團體,?？苫Q。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人。beat常用于游戲或比賽中。win后接sth.，表示在較強的競爭中取得了勝利,賓語多用game,war,prize等詞,不能是人;win也可用作不及物動詞,“贏,獲勝”。4.expose

v.暴露;揭露;使曝光歸納exposesth.揭露;顯露出某事物exposesth./sb./oneself(tosth.)使某事/某人/自己暴露/顯露exposesb.tosth.讓某人接觸某物beexposedto暴露于……

【溫馨提示】

exposesth.to…to是介詞,后接名詞或動名詞作賓語。5.cure

n.治愈;痊愈vt.治愈;治療;解決

歸納cureforsth.治療……的方法curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾病;矯正某人的不良行為

辨析

cure/treat/healcure“治療,治愈”,多用于藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習慣。curesb.ofsth.treat治療病人的全過程或活動,并不涉及“治愈”這個結(jié)果。treatsb.forsth.

heal指治好外傷或燒傷后的患部(wound,cut,injury,burn,etc.),使傷口愈合;heal不能用來表示“感冒”等疾病的治愈。6.absorb

v.吸收;吸引;使專心

歸納o把……吸收進absorb...from從……中吸收/取beabsorbedin(doing)sth.專心(做)某事absorbone’sattention吸引某人注意力【溫馨提示】

beabsorbedin

(專心于),主語往往是人,并不表示被動,類似短語有:beburiedin專心于;belostin陷入;becaughtin被困于;bedevotedto致力于。7.blame

v.責備;譴責;把……歸咎于

n.過失;責備歸納blamesb.forsth./doingsth.

因……而指責某人blame...onsb.把......歸咎于某人betoblame(forsth.)(主動表被動)應受責備accept/bear/taketheblameforsth.對某事承擔責任put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.

把某事歸咎于某人8.contribute

v.捐獻;貢獻;捐助

歸納contribute...to...

把……貢獻給……;向……投稿contributeto...

導致……;有助于……;為……作貢獻makeacontribution/contributionsto...

為……作出貢獻1.putforward提出;推薦;把(表)往前撥;提前

【溫馨提示】

在表示“提出”時,putforward和comeupwith同義，都為及物動詞短語。comeup也有提出的意思,是不及物動詞短語。（二）短語拓展putaside節(jié)省;儲蓄;儲存putaway放好;積蓄putoff延期;推遲puton穿上;演出putout熄滅;生產(chǎn)putup舉起;張貼;公布;掛起;建造2.link...to...

將……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來拓展belinkedto和……有聯(lián)系linkup(with)連接;結(jié)合;有聯(lián)系link...with用……

把……連接起來;聯(lián)系join...to把……與……連接/聯(lián)合connect...to把……連接到……connect...with把……與……聯(lián)系/連接起來beconnectedwith與……有聯(lián)系3.apartfrom

除……之外;此外辨析apartfrom“除了……之外”,可意為包括在內(nèi),也可意為不包括在內(nèi)。otherthan“除了……”,用于否定句。inaddition用于銜接上下文,可單獨用于句首,也可以用于句中或句尾,用于句首或句中時要用逗號隔開。inadditionto,aswellas,besides除……之外(還有)(包括在內(nèi))。except,exceptfor,but除……之外(不包括在內(nèi))。except+從句

當……時除外4.makesense

有意義;講得通

拓展makesenseof理解;明白makenosense沒道理;沒意義thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事沒道理inasense在某一方面;就某種意義來說innosense決不

senseofhumor

幽默感【溫馨提示】

innosense置句首時,句子用部分倒裝。1.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood. 人們既不知道它的起因,又不知道它的治療方法。 neither...nor...既不……也不,連接句中兩個相同成分。（三）句式拓展類似并列詞組還有：either...or...要么……要么……not...but...不是……而是……notonly...butalso…不但……而且……它們連接并列主語時,其謂語動詞的單復數(shù)都遵循就近原則。（主謂一致）e.g.Eitheryouorsheisgoodatdrawing.

Neitherdadnormumisathometoday.

Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.2.

Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied

everytimetherewasanoutbreak. 每次爆發(fā)霍亂時,都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。

everytime引導時間狀語從句,相當于whenever,意思是“每當……”。

由名詞充當連詞,引導時間狀語從句的還有:

thefirsttime(第一次),

thelasttime(最后一次),

nexttime(下次),

themoment(一……就),

anytime(任何時候)等。e.g.EverytimeTomlistenstoheradvice,hegetsintotrouble.每次湯姆聽從了她的建議,就會陷入麻煩。Everytimehecame,hebroughtmeanicebook.他每次來都給我?guī)硪槐竞脮?.

Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshe

haditdelivered

toherhouseeveryday.

有一位婦女是從寬街搬過來的,她特別喜歡那里的水,每天都要派人用水泵打水運到家里來。

havesth.done

結(jié)構(gòu)。delivered是過去分詞,作it的賓語補足語,表示被動關(guān)系。Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示拼寫單詞。1.Thedoctoriswell-knownforhaving_____(治療)somepeopleofthedeadlydisease.2.Richardson_________(推斷出)fromhisstudiesthatequalitybetweenthesexesisstillalongwayoff.curedconcluded鞏固練習3.Thearmywaswelltrainedandwellarmed,andhadlittledifficulty________(擊敗)theenemy.4.The___________(建設)workofthetheatreissupposedtobecompletedwithintheyear.5.Employeesareexpectedandrequiredto______(參加)teammeetings.defeatingconstructionattend6.Thepresidentbecametooe__________overabignavy.7.Thescientistsaredoings_______researchontherats.8.Hisinjuriesweres______andhewasrushedtohospital.9.It’sdifficulttoh_____themachine.10.Heisintenselyc_______nottomakemistakesinspelling.enthusiasticscientificseverehandlecautiousⅡ.根據(jù)句意用短語填空。1.Itdoesn’t__________tobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.2.Beforethemeetingwasover,thepresident________________thatthecompanyhadbeenrunningsmoothlythisyear.makesensedrewaconclusion3.__________hisnose,he’squitegood-looking.4.Aworkingpartyhasbeensetupto________theproblem.5.Atyesterday’smeeting,he___________aproposalbutwasrefusedbyallbecauseitwasnotpractical.ApartfromlookintoputforwardⅢ.根據(jù)語境及提示完成句子。1.He_________________________________(從他們的話語中推斷出)thattheywerenotinfavoroftheplan.2.I’ve_________________________________(得出結(jié)論)thathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.3.Only12people__________________.

只有12個人出席了會議。concludedfromtheirwords/remarkscometo/drawn/reachedtheconclusionattendedthemeeting4.He_______thetruthofthemilkpoisoningincident___thepublic.

他向公眾揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。5.Whowasitthat_____theoldprofessor___hiscancer?

到底是誰給教授治好了癌癥？6.Aspirinisquickly______________________(被身體吸收)．7.Hewas_________(因……被責備)theaccident,buthe___________(把它歸咎于)others.Infact,itishe,notothers,that____________(該為此承擔責任)it.exposedtocuredofabsorbedby/intothebodyblamedforblameditonistoblamefor8.____________(總而言之),IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.9.Eatingtoomuchfatcan_____________________________(導致心臟病)andcausehighbloodpressure.10.Themoreone___________(暴露于)theEnglish-speakingenvironment,thebetterheorshewilllearnthelanguage.11._____________________________(每次碰到困難)instudy,Isolvethembymyself.(everytime)Inconclusion/leadtoheart

diseasecontributetoisexposedtoEverytimeImeetwithdifficultiesⅣ.單項選擇。1.Wehavecometothe____thatitwouldbe