新編英語教程第6冊教案Unit-Three

UnitThree

TextIWallsandBarriers墻與屏障I.OrganizationoftheText1.Introductionofthetopicbyquotingthenegativeattitudeoftheauthor’sfathertowardmodernarchitecture(abankbuilding):Architectureisanexpressionofpeople’smentality.(Paragraphs1-2)I.OrganizationoftheText2.Detaileddiscussionofthetopic(Paragraphs3–10)A.Contrastbetweenpeople’sdifferentviewsofmoneyandreflectionofthisinthearchitecturaldesignsofbanks(3–5)①Contrastofmoney,functionofthebankandformofarchitecture(3–4)I.OrganizationoftheText②Conclusion:Architectureisamediumfortheexpressionofhumanbeliefsandattitudes(5)B.Contrastofclassicalandnewcriticismofarchitecture(6)C.Contrastbetweenprimitivesocietyandmodernsocietyinarchitecturaldesigns(7–10)I.OrganizationoftheText①Attitudetowardthreatandhostilityfromtheworldofmen②Attitudetowardprivacy③Effectonarchitecture:Heavywallsareobsolete,moredelicatematerialsareusedinstead.I.OrganizationoftheText3.Conclusion:Theformofarchitectureisdeterminedbyitsfunction.(Paragraph11)II.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph2unnerve:makesomeoneloseself-control,confidenceorcourage使某人失去自制力、信心或勇氣E.g.:Hisencounterwiththeguarddoghadcompletelyunnervedhim.他遇上了警衛(wèi)犬，把他嚇壞了。Paragraph2Hisnegativecommentsonmyessayunnervedme.unnervingadj.:upsetting,frighteningE.g.:Shefoundthewholeinterviewratherunnerving.她覺得整個面試都讓人氣餒。Paragraph2notsomuchsomethingassomething:notonethingbutrathersomethingelse不是…而是…E.g.:Sheisnotsomuchpoorascarefulwithmoney.她倒不是窮而是太在乎錢了。Paragraph2WhydoyouthinkRaskin’sfatherandpeopleofhisgenerationtakeanegativeattitudetowardabankwithglasswalls?Tothem,moneyisatangiblecommodity.Todepositmoneyinabankistokeepitinthesafethebankerprovides.Therefore,abankmustbesolidlyconstructedtoperformthisfunction.Abankwithglasswallsfallsshortoftheexpectationsofthesepeople.Paragraph3atangiblecommodity:amaterialthing,asubstantialobjectbullion:goldorsilverinbulkorbars,beforeitismadeintocoins,etc.金或銀錠（條）heft:liftsomethinginordertojudgeorestimateitsweight舉起…以掂重量Paragraph3E.g.:pickastoneupandheftit撿起一塊石頭掂一掂有多重heftyadj.:ofconsiderateweight沉重的E.g.:Thebabyisaheftyarmful.這娃娃抱在手里挺沉的。affirmthefact:state/assertthefactstronglyandpubliclyParagraph3affirm:declare(usuallyinanswertoaquestionordoubt)E.g.:TheDean’sOfficeaffirmedthattherewouldbeaspecialteachers’trainingcourseinsummer.Paragraph3impregnable:unabletobebrokeninto;(figurative)unabletobedefeated攻不破的；固若金湯的；無懈可擊的；駁不倒的;堅定定的E.g.:Theyfeltsafebehindtheimpregnablewalls.Itwashisimpregnablebeliefthat“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”Paragraph4excepting:exceptalwaysexcepting:exceptfornotexcepting(alsowithoutexcepting):includingdash:acombinationofbraveryandstyle；enthusiasm闖勁；勇猛E.g.:dashinattack進(jìn)攻中的勇猛Paragraph4Thegeneralhadbothskillanddash.這位將軍智勇雙全。Allhisactivitiesshowedthesamedashandspirit.他的一切活動都表現(xiàn)出同樣的干勁和氣魄。flair:naturalabilitytodosomespecialthing

天賦，資質(zhì)；特別的才能（本領(lǐng)、訣竅）Paragraph4E.g.:aflairformusic學(xué)習(xí)音樂的天分beimpressedbysb.’spoliticalflair對某人的政治才干有深刻印象inviewof:considering;takingintoconsiderationheartily:inacheerfulway;here,completelyandabsolutelyParagraph4E.g.:Seeinghisdaughterperformsowellonthestage,helaughedheartily.I’mheartilytiredofthiskindofTVshow.challenge:defy,shownofearornorespectfor

Paragraph4vault:arooforceilingmadebyanumberofarches;aroomwiththickwallsandaheavydoortoprotectitagainstfireandthieves,inwhichmoney,jewels,importantpapers,etc.,arekeptatabank拱頂;穹隆;金庫；保險庫E.g.:thevaultofheaven天穹setout:arrangetheappearanceof規(guī)劃,設(shè)計;布置E.g.:Thegardenwassetoutinformalstyle.Paragraph4Whatchanges,accordingtotheauthor,haveoccurredinpeople’snotionofmoney,inthefunctionofthebank,and,accordingly,initsarchitecturalfeatures?WhatpointdoesRaskinwanttoillustratebydealingwiththesechanges?Paragraph4Money:usedtobeatangiblecommodity;beinglesstangiblenow,lesscashbeingused,beingreplacedlargelybycredit.Functionofthebank:provisionofasafebefore;provisionofservicesnow.Architecture:usedtohaveanimpregnableappearance;hasbecomeacubicalcageofglass,thedoorbecomingawindowdisplay.Paragraph4Thepointillustrated:Architectureisamediumfortheexpressionofhumanbeliefsandattitudes.Paragraph5oneandthesame:theverysame完全一樣的，同一個的E.g.:Oneandthesameideaoccurredtoeachofthem.他們每一個人都產(chǎn)生同樣的想法。Paragraph6departfrom:deviatefrom,turnawayfrom(anacceptedortraditionalcourseofaction)背離，違反E.g.:Entertainmenttodaydepartsfromtheoldsters’conceptofentertainmentinmanyways.Paragraph6HowdoesRaskincontrast“classical”and“new”theoriesofarchitecture?Classicalarchitecturemeasuresexcellencebyformwithlittleregardtofunction.Thenewtheoryofarchitecturestressestheintegrationofformandfunction,especiallythefunctionofarchitectureasamanifestationofhumanmentality.Paragraph7boulder:alargestoneoramassofrock巨礫adelimitedspace:aspacewithitslimitsfixeddelimit:determinethelimitsorboundariesof定…的界限；作為…的邊界Paragraph7E.g.:Thetwocountriessignedanagreementthatdelimitedtheboundarylineforthelong-disputedarea.illusory:deceivingandunreal;basedonanillusion虛假的，不可靠的；不實際的E.g.:baskinillusoryandtemporarysecurity陶醉在虛假而短暫的安全感之中Paragraph7

illusoryhopes不切實際的希望c.f.illusionary:ofillusion錯覺（或幻覺、幻想等）的；造成錯覺（或幻覺）的；錯覺（或幻覺）般的E.g.:illusionarystageeffects造成錯覺的舞臺效果Paragraph7preclude:preventfromhappening;makeimpossible排除；防止，杜絕；阻止，妨礙E.g.:Whathesaidseemedtoprecludeallpossibilitiesofdrawingupanidealplan.Barbedwireentanglementsprecludedthepossibilityofescape.有刺鐵絲網(wǎng)杜絕了逃跑的可能。Paragraph7Theadoptionofonechoiceoftenprecludestheuseofanother.選取了一種常常就不得使用另一種了。Theheavysnowprecludedmefromattendingthemeeting.大雪使我不能出席會議。Paragraph7dissolution:theendingorbreakingupofanassociation,group,partnership,etc.解除，解散；瓦解E.g.:thedissolutionofapartnership合作伙伴關(guān)系的解除thedissolutionofapoliticalparty政黨的解散Paragraph7thedissolutionofatreaty條約的終止thedissolutionofanempire帝國的瓦解Whatpointistheexampleintheparagraphsupposedtoillustrate?ThelastsentenceinPara.6i.e.,“wallsarenotsimplywallsbutphysicalsymbolsofthebarriersinmen’sminds.”Paragraph8Whatdothewords“Andthen”atthebeginningoftheparagraphindicate?Theparagraphisacontinuationofthediscussionofwallsasbarrierscarriedoutintheprecedingparagraph,butfromanotheraspect.Paragraph8pry:looksecretlyatorfindoutaboutsomeoneelse’sprivatepossessionsoraffairs窺探；窺視，偷看vile:hateful;shameful;evil;lowandworthless卑鄙的，可恥的；邪惡的；骯臟的，污穢的E.g.:vilepractices無恥行徑

vilehabits惡習(xí)Paragraph8avileslum骯臟的貧民窟

vilelanguage臟話litter:轎子patio:anopenspacebetweenahouseandgarden,withastonefloor,usedforsittingoninfineweather庭院，天井，院子Paragraph8byengagingintheintimateactivities:bytakingpartintheprivateactivitiesengagein:takepartin;beinvolvedinE.g.:Mybrotherengagesinmarketingresearch.asagainst:incomparisonwithParagraph8intricacy:thequalityorstateofbeingintricate;(oftenplural)somethingintricate錯綜復(fù)雜，盤根錯節(jié)；復(fù)雜精細(xì)；錯綜復(fù)雜的事物；紛繁難懂之處E.g.:Theseimprovementsincreasetheintricacyofthemechanisms.這些改進(jìn)使機械裝置更為機巧靈活。

Paragraph8beawareoftheintricaciesofthoseprocesses注意到那些工序錯綜復(fù)雜的細(xì)節(jié)

teachsb.theintricaciesofcricket教某人紛繁而難掌握的板球技術(shù)要領(lǐng)are…illustrativeofthisattitude:explainthisattitudebeillustrativeof:explainParagraph8E.g.:Herbehaviorisillustrativeofherkindheartednessandgenerosity.WhatevidencedoesRaskingivetoprovethatpeopleinsomeMediterraneanculturesattachedgreatimportancetotheirprivatelifeandinnerworld?Paragraph8Behavior---wentaboutinguardedlittersorveiled.Architecturalfeatures---surroundingwalls,roomsfacingapatio,etc.Decorativearts---intricateandrich.Philosophy---contemplative.Paragraph9convention:generallyacceptedpractice,especiallywithregardtosocialbehavior慣例，行為準(zhǔn)則E.g.:Usingtherighthandtoshakehandsisaconvention.握手時用右手是一種慣例。aslavetosocialconventions社會上各種清規(guī)戒律的奴隸Paragraph9cherish:keep(feelingsorides)firmlyinmind珍愛，珍視；愛；愛護(hù)E.g.:IdocherishourlastmeetinginHarbin.Itmeantsomuchtome.gofor:betrueof適用于Paragraph9E.g.:WhatIhavesaidaboutSmithgoesforyou,too.我說的關(guān)于史密斯的話也適用于你。flick:(causeto)movewithalightquickblow啪地開動E.g.:flicktheswitch啪地一聲音打開開關(guān)

flickoffaradio啪地一聲把收音機關(guān)掉Paragraph9smallwonder:nowonder;itisnotsurprisingE.g.:WanghasbeenreadingvariouskindsofEnglishbooks.SmallwonderhehassuchalargeEnglishvocabularyandhewritessowellinEnglish.Paragraph9InwhichtwoaspectsoflifedoesRaskincontrastthemodernmenandtheirpredecessors?Inwhatwaydothedifferencesaffectarchitecture?One:attitudetowardthreatandhostilityfromtheworldofmen.Two:attitudetowardprivacy.Paragraph9Effectonarchitecture:Heavywallsareobsolete,moredelicatematerialsareusedinstead.Paragraph10qualms:(usuallyplural)anuneasyfeelingofuncertainty,especiallyastowhethersomethingisright;misgivings懷疑;疑慮E.g.:Corruptofficialshavenoqualmsaboutgraft(貪污)andbribery(受賄).Paragraph10Hehad/feltnoseriousqualmsaboutconcealingtheinformationfromthepolice.他向警方隱瞞實情而并未感到十分不妥.allthewayaround:completely;entirelyParagraph10toilette/twa:‵let;toi‵let/:梳妝，打扮Whyareglasswallsbecomingpopularinarchitecture?Thetraditionalfunctionsofwallshavechanged,andglasswallscanperformthefunctionswallsareexpectedtoperforminmodernarchitecture.What’smore,glasswallsadequatelyexpressthebeliefsofthemodernman.Paragraph11beconsistentwith:beinagreementwithE.g.:Hisactionisalwaysconsistentwithhiswords.theeventualsolution:thesolutionwhichwilltakeplaceatlastasaresultParagraph11E.g.:Hispersistenttrainingledtohiseventualsuccessatthetennischampionship.WhatgeneralconclusioncanyoudrawwithregardtotherelationbetweentheformandfunctionofarchitecturefromRaskin’sarticle.Paragraph11Theformofarchitectureisdeterminedbyitsfunction.

III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6sensation,senses,feeling;sensible,rational,reasonable,sanesensation:applicabletoanimpressionoriginatingeitherfromwithinorfromoutsidethebodyandconveyedtothenervoussystembytheorgansofseeing,hearing,touching,tastingorsmelling.III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Ingeneralusage,themeaningofsensationisextendedtoincludenotonlysensingbutalsotheattendant(伴隨的)emotionalandmentalresponses:tohaveasensationthateveryoneintheroomisstaringatyou;arecollectionthatbroughtasensationofsadness.III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6sense:refersstrictlytothephysicalagencies(taste,touch,sight,hearingandsmell)byorthroughwhichapersonoranimalreceivesimpressionsfromoutsidehisownorganism.Inthepluralitisapplicabletothetotalawarenessoftheworldaboutone:III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Aftertheaccidenthecametohissensesinahospitalbed.Whateveroneexperiencesthroughthesensesisasensation.feeling:issometimesusedlooselyinplaceofsenseandsensation.III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Moreprecisely,feelingappliestothefaculty(官能；功能)bywhichoneperceivessensationsofpain,pressure,heatandcold,contact,etc.Itmayreferalsotokinaesthesia(肌肉的運動感覺)---theperceptionofmuscularmovement,III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6tensionortone(活力；彈性)derivedfromthefunctioningofnervesconnectedwithmuscletissue,skin,jointsandtendons:Afterhisspinalinjury,hehadnofeelinginhislegs.sensible:putslessemphasisonintelligencethanoncommonsense;itsuggestsanattitudethatisprudent(審慎的),calmlycontrolled,III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6considerate,understandingandawareofconsequencesbyvirtueof(借助)distilled(積累的)experience:

thefewsensiblemenwhorefusedtoindulgeinthefoolishfads(時尚)oftheday;asensibleapproachtoacontroversialsubject;III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6theplain,sensiblepeoplewhoarethebackboneofthenation.reasonable:issimilartosensibleinemphasizingthevalueofdistilledexperience;butitsconnotationsareslightlydifferentinsuggestinganapproachorsituationthatisfair,just,objectiveorunemotionalinitsavoidanceofextremes:III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6areasonableprice;

reasonableneighborswhodidnotobjecttotheoccasionalpartiesheheld;askinghissontobereasonableabouthisdemandsforthefamilycar.rational:isemphaticaboutthevalueofreasonasaguide;thiscontrastswiththeIII.ExerciseIV,Workbook6stressonexperienceimpliedbythepreviouswords.Mostspecifically,itpointstoaproblem-solvingprocessofthinkingthatemploysvalidorlogicalmethodsinreachingconclusions:arationalexplanationfortheenigmatic(神秘的)eventssurroundingthecatastrophe.III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Rationalmayalsoindicateacoherentmind,onethatisnotmentallyunbalancedoratthemercyofoverpoweringemotions:becomingmorerationalasthetranquillizertookeffect;psychiatristswhodebatediftheaccusedmanwasrationalenoughtostandtrial.III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6sane:iscommonlyusedinbothordinaryspeechandlegalterminologytorefertosomeonewhoisnotpsychotic(精神錯亂的):

declaredtohavebeensaneatthetimeofthemurders.III.ExerciseIV,Workbook6Sanealsohasauseakintoreasonableinreferringtoafair,justorsensibleapproach:

sanelegislationtodealwithanincreasinglyurgentproblem;

saneattitudestowardsdiscipliningtheirchildren.TextIIBarrierSignals障礙信號I.OrganizationoftheText1.ThesisstatementanddefinitionofaBarrierSignal(Paragraphs1–2)2.Body-cross,themostpopularformofBarrierSignal,inbothdisguisedandlessdisguisedways(Paragraph3–12)I.OrganizationoftheTextA.Indisguisedways(4–7)①Thespecialguestonagalaoccasion(4)②Thefemaleguestonagalaoccasion(5)③OthervariationsofBody-cross(6)④Incompletebarrier(7)I.OrganizationoftheTextB.Inlessdisguisedways(8–12)①Inthegreetingsituation(9–11)②Inthesittingrelationship(12)II.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph1Whatisthethesisstatementofthearticle?barrier;barricade:Abarrier(障礙物)isatypeoffenceorgatethatpreventspeoplefrommovinginaparticulardirection.Paragraph1Abarricade(臨時路障；街壘)isatemporarywallorfenceacrossaroad,dooretc.thatpreventspeoplefromgoingthrough.(thereis)nothing(else)forit(buttodosomething):thereisnootheractiontotake(excepttheonespecified)(除去指出的辦法外)別無他法Paragraph1E.g.:Therewasnothingelseforit

buttoresign.除了辭職別無他法。Paragraph2WhatisaBarrierSignalasdefinedbyMorris?ABarrierSignalisatrivialactionapersonperformsunconsciouslytofendoffanypotentialthreat.Paragraph3bumper(BrE);fender(AmE):(機動車前后的)保險杠tackle:speaktosomeoneaboutanawkwardmatter(為解決難題)與…交涉;向…提起尷尬之事E.g.:Whenareyougoingtotackleyourbrotheraboutthatmoneyheowesme?你準(zhǔn)備什么時候跟你兄弟提他欠我錢的事？

Paragraph4gala:social,sportingortheatricaloccasionwithspecialfeatures特別場合；盛會E.g.:aswimminggala游泳運動會

agaladinner/night/performance聯(lián)歡宴會/晚會/演出會Paragraph4alight:getdownfromahorseorvehicle;dismount(從馬上或車上)下來function:importantsocialeventorofficialceremony重大的社交聚會；典禮；宴會cuff-link:(usuallyplural)oneofapairoffastenersforshirtcuffs(襯衫的)袖扣Paragrap