定語從句專項(xiàng)講練- 仁愛版九年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)

PAGEPAGE6定語從句專講專練概念：在含有主句和從句的復(fù)合句中，修飾主句中的某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。它所修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句就跟在先行詞的后面。用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，分為關(guān)系代詞（who,whom,that,which,whose）和關(guān)系副詞(where,when,why)。Eg.Didyouseethepersonwho/thatstoleit?Thisisthepenwhich/thatheislookingfor.上面兩例中的先行詞分別是theperson與thepen，后面是有關(guān)系代詞who/that/which/that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。2．關(guān)系代詞的選擇及功能。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞who,that,which,whom,whose和關(guān)系副詞where,when,why。他們放在先行詞和定語從句之間起聯(lián)系作用，同時(shí)又充當(dāng)定語從句中的一個(gè)成分（如主語或賓語）。有關(guān)先行詞的選擇取決于兩點(diǎn)：先行詞是人還是物；關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語還是賓語。具體用法如下：當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可以用who或that；當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可用which或that。Thefilmwhich/thattheysawwasveryinteresting.Theboywho/thatissittinginthesunismybrother.2）當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在句中做賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可以省略。.Theman(who,whom.,that)theyarewaitingforcomesfromJapan.3）whose指人或物的所有格。Doyouknowtheboywhosehairisyellow?Theclassroomwhosewindowsareclosedisours.4)關(guān)系副詞when,where,why=介詞+whichwhen表時(shí)間，跟在hour,moment,day,month,year,season,time等之后。Canyoutellmethedatewhen/onwhichyouwereborn?Where表地點(diǎn)，跟在place,village,town,city,home等之后。Thisistheplacewhere/inwhichIgrewup.Why表原因,在reason（原因）之后。That’sthereasonwhyshedidn’tcometowork.3．只能用that的情況1）當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞必須用that。Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.2）如果指物的先行詞是不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)，必須用that，不能用which。不定代詞有all,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone,much,little,every,any,some等。.Imeantheone(that)youtalkedaboutjustnow.3)當(dāng)先行詞有theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame,thefirst等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞必須用that。Heistheonlyperson(that)Isawthere.4)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)用that。Sheisnolongerthegirlthatshewantedtobe.5）當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別表人和物的先行詞時(shí)只能用thatHetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.6)當(dāng)who,which開頭的疑問句時(shí)，避免重復(fù)，用thatWhoisthegirlthatisstandingatthedoor.7)主句是therebe結(jié)構(gòu),定語從句用that作關(guān)系代詞Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.4.不能用that的情況：1）先行詞為that，those時(shí)，用which，而不用that.例如：What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？2）關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.例如：Thisistheroominwhichhelives.這是他居住的房間。3）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which，而不用that.例如：Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。4）當(dāng)先行詞為anyone,everyone,those,he,she,all,any指人時(shí)，用whoIwillshootanyonewhomoves.Itishewhosavedme.注意:1）關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，如果介詞放在它的前面，只能用which或whom。Thisistheroomthat/whichhelivedintwoyearsago.Thisistheroominwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.Thegirlwho/whom/thatheistalkingtoismysisiter.Thegirltowhomheistalkingismysisiter.但有些介詞短語的固定詞組不能拆開Thebabieswho/thatthenursearelookingafterarehealthy.2)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞取決于先行詞而不是關(guān)系代詞。Thegirlwhohaslonghairismydaughter.Thetreesthatwereplantedbyuslastyearhavegrownwell.專題訓(xùn)練：一．用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空。1.Weneedcomrades(同志)_____________canhelpus.2.Theman_____________yousawyesterdaywasadoctorfromBeijing.3.Thisisastoryaboutagirl______name(thenameof_____)isLiuHu-lan.4.Thisisourclassroom,_______windows(thewindowsof_______)facethesouth.5.Hereisabook_____________willgivealotofusefulknowledge.6.Thisisthesong_____________welikebest.7.Iwillneverforgetthedayon_____________Ifirstsawhim.8.Thisistheroom_____________LaoLiuoncelivedin.9.Doyoustillrememberthedayon_____________hejoinedthearmy？10.Theearth，_____________weallknow，movesaroundthesun.11.Herearefivefish.Thetwo_____________werecaughtyesterdayaregoldfish.12.Everything_____________Itoldyoujustnowistrue.13.Theytalkedofthethingsandpersons_________theyrememberedintheschool.14.Therearestars_____________westilldon‘tknowinspace.15.LiYingisnotthegirl_____________sheusedtobetenyearsago.16.ThebusinessmanyousawjustnowisJim.17.Theroomheisnowlivinginislarge.18.Afridgeisamachineisusedforkeepingfoodfresh.19.ThepersontoheisspeakingisMrBlack.20.Thetomatoeswereinthebasketwerered.二．將下列句子合并為定語從句1,Ineverforgettheday.Ispentthedaywithmyfriendinshanghai.2,,Ineverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueMemberonthatday3,.Thisisaperson.Iusedtoplaywithhim.4,Heistheonlystudent.Hepassedtheexam.5.sheisagirl.Herhairisthelongestintheclass.6,Heismygoodfriend.Ioftenthinkofher.7,Thisisaplace.Iusedtoplaywithmyfriendsinthisplace.8,Thisisaplace.Ivisitedthisplacelastyear.9,Heisaperson.Heoftenhelpsothers.10.Thesearethepeopleandbooks.Isawthepeopleandbooksonmywayhomeyesterday.單選：()1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which()2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who()3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom()4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom()5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which()6.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that()7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose()8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國(guó)的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose()9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that()10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown()11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what()12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which()13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when()14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what()15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that()16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose()17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that()18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose()19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that()20.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich()21.Thatistheverybook___Iwas