News-writing新聞寫作課件

a1Newswriting--basicknowledgea1Newswriting--basicknowleda2Definition“Manbitesdog”definitionNews：anythingthatisnewsworthyNewsvalue：timelinessofaneventimportanceofaneventprominenceofthepeopleorthingconcerninganeventuniquenessofaneventhumaninteresta2Definitiona3Stylesofnews

新聞的種類很多，按分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不同，有各種不同的分類方法。如按照事件的性質(zhì)分類：硬新聞（hardnews）：硬新聞也就是“純新聞消息報(bào)道”，指題材嚴(yán)肅，具有一定時(shí)效性的客觀事實(shí)報(bào)道軟新聞（softnews）：軟新聞是指情感味濃，寫作方法詼諧，輕松幽默的社會(huì)新聞，不注重時(shí)效性。新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)中常見的體裁主要有三大類：消息（newsreport）特寫（feature）新聞評(píng)論（commentaries/columns/rewiew/editorial）。a3Stylesofnews

新聞的種類很多，按分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)a4Anewsreporta4Anewsa5LedeThemostimportantpartofanynewsstoryisthelede.Theledeistheveryfirstsentenceofanewsstory.Init,thewritersummarizesthemostnewsworthypointsofthestoryinbroadbrushstrokes.Ifaledeiswell-written,itwillgivethereaderabasicideaofwhatthestoryisabout,evenifsheskipsovertherestofthestory.a5LedeThemostimportantparta6Example:

TwopeoplediedinarowhousefireinNortheastPhiladelphialastnight.Fromthisledeyougetthebasics:Twopeoplekilled.Rowhousefire.NortheastPhiladelphia.ThenQuestions：Whatcausedthefire?Whowaskilled?Whatwastheaddressoftherowhouse?.......Whattoputintoaledeandwhattoleaveout??

Givethemajorpointsofthestory,butleavethesmallerdetailsforlater.a6Example:

Twopeopledieda7

TheFiveWsandtheH

Who,What,Where,When,WhyandHow.Who—goldminers

What—werekilled

When—Thursday（Nov．22）

Where—inwesternColombia

Why—thewallsofmineweresoftenedbyrain

How—（werekilled）bycrasha7TheFiveWsandthea8

Sometimesoneofthoseelementswillbemoreinterestingthantherest.Ex.acelebritywhodiesinacarcrash.Whatmakesthestoryinterestingisthefactthatacelebrityisinvolved.Acarcrashinandofitselfisall-toocommon.Soyou'llwanttoemphasizethat"who"aspectofthestoryinyourledea8Sometimesoneofthoseea9BodyInvertedPyramid

Newsstoriesarewrittenintheinvertedpyramidformat.Itmeansthatthemostimportantinformationgoesatthetop,orbeginningofthestory,andtheleastimportantstuffgoesatthebottom.a9BodyInvertedPyramida10a10a11Whichonetochoose?Keepyourwritingtight

1.OnewaytodothisistofollowtheS-V-Oformat,whichstandforSubject-VerbObject.Ex:Shereadthebook.Thebookwasreadbyher.a11WhichKeepyourwritingtiga12

Thefirstoneiswritteninthe

S-V-O

format:She(subject)read(verb)thebook(object).

Short、tothepoint(fourwords)、close、vividThesecondsentencedoesn'tfollowS-V-O.Connectionsevered、watery、unfocused、longera12

Thefirstoneiswrittenia132.AvoidtoomanyclauseEX:OfficerJoanLanton,whowasatthesceneofthemurder,whichoccurredonElmStreet,describedthesceneasgrislyandsaidtwosuspectsarebeingsought.OfficerJoanLantonwasatthesceneofthemurder,whichoccurredonElmStreet.Shedescribedthesceneasgrislyandsaidtwosuspectsarebeingsought.a132.Avoidtoomanyclausea143.JustOneorTwoIdeasPerSentence

Sentencesalsogettoolongwhenyoutrytocramtoomanyideasintothem.Ex:Thepresident,whowassufferingfromacold,whichhecaughtlastweekinNorway,signedthetreaty,whichhehadoriginallyopposed,becausehesaidthechangesthathadbeenmadeweresound.Thissentenceisstuffedwithfourorfiveideas.Theresultisaconfusingmess.Better:Thepresidenthadoriginallyopposedthetreaty.Buthesigneditanyway,sayingthechangesthathadbeenmadeweresound.AttheceremonyhewassufferingfromacoldthathecaughtlastweekinNorway.a143.JustOneorTwoIdeasPea154.EditandrewriteyourselfAsyouwrite,beonthelookoutforexcesswordsthatcanbecut.Whenyou'redone,readyourstoryoutloudandlistenforlongwindedsentences.Anysentencethatcan'tbeeasilyreadinasinglebreathshouldusuallybetrimmed.a154.Editandrewriteyoursela16Tipsforpractice先百度中文消息稿，根據(jù)上述的新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)特點(diǎn)，試著寫一篇，交代好5W和主要的相關(guān)事實(shí)。然后去ChinaDaily或者Xinhua找相關(guān)的英語(yǔ)報(bào)道（善用檢索），對(duì)比、修改。這樣堅(jiān)持下來(lái)就會(huì)有提高。

在平時(shí)閱讀新聞，收聽廣播時(shí)還要注意各大通訊社自己的寫作特點(diǎn)，用詞和風(fēng)格，這樣才能更加惟妙惟肖。a16Tipsforpractice先百度中文消a17http://www.bbc.co.uk/academya17http://www.bbc.co.uk/academa18NewstypeNews(消息)

動(dòng)態(tài)消息經(jīng)驗(yàn)消息

綜合消息

評(píng)述性消息

簡(jiǎn)明消息

人物消息a18NewstypeNews(消息)動(dòng)態(tài)a19Newstype通訊

人物通訊工作通訊

風(fēng)貌通訊

社會(huì)觀察通訊a19Newstype通訊人物通訊a20Newstype評(píng)論

社論

短評(píng)、編后語(yǔ)專欄評(píng)論a20Newstype評(píng)論社論a21Newstype新聞特寫

人物

事件場(chǎng)面a21Newstype新聞特寫人物a22Newstype專訪

人物專訪事件專訪

科學(xué)專訪

問題專訪a22Newstype專訪人a23消息定義：指報(bào)道事情的概貌而不講述詳細(xì)的經(jīng)過和細(xì)節(jié)，以簡(jiǎn)要的語(yǔ)言文字迅速傳播新近事實(shí)的新聞體裁，也是最廣泛、最經(jīng)常采用的新聞基本體裁。寫法：消息寫法：標(biāo)題、導(dǎo)語(yǔ)、主體、背景、結(jié)語(yǔ)a23消息定義：指報(bào)道事情的概貌而不講述詳細(xì)的經(jīng)過和細(xì)節(jié)，a24Newswriting--basicknowledgea1Newswriting--basicknowleda25Definition“Manbitesdog”definitionNews：anythingthatisnewsworthyNewsvalue：timelinessofaneventimportanceofaneventprominenceofthepeopleorthingconcerninganeventuniquenessofaneventhumaninteresta2Definitiona26Stylesofnews

新聞的種類很多，按分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不同，有各種不同的分類方法。如按照事件的性質(zhì)分類：硬新聞（hardnews）：硬新聞也就是“純新聞消息報(bào)道”，指題材嚴(yán)肅，具有一定時(shí)效性的客觀事實(shí)報(bào)道軟新聞（softnews）：軟新聞是指情感味濃，寫作方法詼諧，輕松幽默的社會(huì)新聞，不注重時(shí)效性。新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)中常見的體裁主要有三大類：消息（newsreport）特寫（feature）新聞評(píng)論（commentaries/columns/rewiew/editorial）。a3Stylesofnews

新聞的種類很多，按分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)a27Anewsreporta4Anewsa28LedeThemostimportantpartofanynewsstoryisthelede.Theledeistheveryfirstsentenceofanewsstory.Init,thewritersummarizesthemostnewsworthypointsofthestoryinbroadbrushstrokes.Ifaledeiswell-written,itwillgivethereaderabasicideaofwhatthestoryisabout,evenifsheskipsovertherestofthestory.a5LedeThemostimportantparta29Example:

TwopeoplediedinarowhousefireinNortheastPhiladelphialastnight.Fromthisledeyougetthebasics:Twopeoplekilled.Rowhousefire.NortheastPhiladelphia.ThenQuestions：Whatcausedthefire?Whowaskilled?Whatwastheaddressoftherowhouse?.......Whattoputintoaledeandwhattoleaveout??

Givethemajorpointsofthestory,butleavethesmallerdetailsforlater.a6Example:

Twopeopledieda30

TheFiveWsandtheH

Who,What,Where,When,WhyandHow.Who—goldminers

What—werekilled

When—Thursday（Nov．22）

Where—inwesternColombia

Why—thewallsofmineweresoftenedbyrain

How—（werekilled）bycrasha7TheFiveWsandthea31

Sometimesoneofthoseelementswillbemoreinterestingthantherest.Ex.acelebritywhodiesinacarcrash.Whatmakesthestoryinterestingisthefactthatacelebrityisinvolved.Acarcrashinandofitselfisall-toocommon.Soyou'llwanttoemphasizethat"who"aspectofthestoryinyourledea8Sometimesoneofthoseea32BodyInvertedPyramid

Newsstoriesarewrittenintheinvertedpyramidformat.Itmeansthatthemostimportantinformationgoesatthetop,orbeginningofthestory,andtheleastimportantstuffgoesatthebottom.a9BodyInvertedPyramida33a10a34Whichonetochoose?Keepyourwritingtight

1.OnewaytodothisistofollowtheS-V-Oformat,whichstandforSubject-VerbObject.Ex:Shereadthebook.Thebookwasreadbyher.a11WhichKeepyourwritingtiga35

Thefirstoneiswritteninthe

S-V-O

format:She(subject)read(verb)thebook(object).

Short、tothepoint(fourwords)、close、vividThesecondsentencedoesn'tfollowS-V-O.Connectionsevered、watery、unfocused、longera12

Thefirstoneiswrittenia362.AvoidtoomanyclauseEX:OfficerJoanLanton,whowasatthesceneofthemurder,whichoccurredonElmStreet,describedthesceneasgrislyandsaidtwosuspectsarebeingsought.OfficerJoanLantonwasatthesceneofthemurder,whichoccurredonElmStreet.Shedescribedthesceneasgrislyandsaidtwosuspectsarebeingsought.a132.Avoidtoomanyclausea373.JustOneorTwoIdeasPerSentence

Sentencesalsogettoolongwhenyoutrytocramtoomanyideasintothem.Ex:Thepresident,whowassufferingfromacold,whichhecaughtlastweekinNorway,signedthetreaty,whichhehadoriginallyopposed,becausehesaidthechangesthathadbeenmadeweresound.Thissentenceisstuffedwithfourorfiveideas.Theresultisaconfusingmess.Better:Thepresidenthadoriginallyopposedthetreaty.Buthesigneditanyway,sayingthechangesthathadbeenmadeweresound.AttheceremonyhewassufferingfromacoldthathecaughtlastweekinNorway.a143.JustOneorTwoIdeasPea384.EditandrewriteyourselfAsyouwrite,beonthelookoutforexcesswordsthatcanbecut.Whenyou'red