高考英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)-復(fù)習(xí)課件

VerbTenses(時(shí)態(tài))&Voices(語(yǔ)態(tài)）

1時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)1、考查在語(yǔ)境中判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用能力。?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)為：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)等。2、時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)；主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題。3、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動(dòng)詞（vt.)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5、某些以主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞的用法。時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)21)表習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如always,often/usually/frequently,sometimes,every…,

at…,onSundays/….

I_____(study)hard

abroadeverydayandI_____(get)alongwellwithmyroommates,butsometimesI_____(miss)myfamilies.studygetmiss.一.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

(ThePresentIndefinite)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)（S）+謂語(yǔ)（V./V-es/s）+賓語(yǔ)1)表習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如al3Correctthesentence.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun._______2)表客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理。注意：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)（he/she/it或單個(gè)的人名、單個(gè)的事物名稱）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+s/es,其余人稱作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形.movesCorrectthe4動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?/p>

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：

①、一般情況下，詞尾加s，如；like----likes,want----wants.

②、以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的加es，如，

watch---watches,go---goes。

③輔音+y要變y為i+es如study---studies動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?/p>

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：

①、一般情況下，5Theshopwillcloseat9:00p.m._____3)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定，時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),一般用于,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/終止性動(dòng)詞，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用．Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes.

closesTheshopwillcloseat9:00p.6一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的典型例句ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell-educated.Ifitrainstomorrow,I

won’t

gothere.3.Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttime

youwritetome.注意一些特殊的連詞until,assoonas，themoment,immediately;aslongas,unless…4.Therecomesthebus.汽車來了

Theregoesthebell.鈴響了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的典型例句7

2)

表示目前這段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。We___________(have)

Englishclassnow.arehavingShe___________(learn)pianounderMr.Smithatpresent.islearning句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（is/am/are+v-ing）+賓語(yǔ)

We___________(have)Englis8動(dòng)詞ing變化規(guī)則1.通常在動(dòng)詞后加ing。如play→playing2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,去e加ing。如make→making

3.以輔元輔結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾字母，再加ing。如run→running,cut,begin,shut4.以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ing。如lie→lying

注：travel/quarrel可雙寫l，也可不雙寫。如travel→travelling/traveling5.refer–referring,prefer,occur動(dòng)詞ing變化規(guī)則9

Translatethesentence.這個(gè)女孩老是在公共場(chǎng)所高談闊論。Thegirlis

alwaystalkingloudinpublic.★進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與always,often/usually/frequently/constantly/allthetime等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或說話人贊嘆或厭惡等感情色彩.Translatethesentence103)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,多用于位移/終止性動(dòng)詞,如:come,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.I____________(leave)tomorrow._____you_______(stay)heretillnextweek?amleavingArestaying3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的amleavin114.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在不斷發(fā)展變化的事情。It’slateAutumn.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在不斷發(fā)展變化的事情。12AllthestudentshereisbelongingtoNo.1MiddleSchool.________belongbelong13(1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,agree,mean,need(2)表存在的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬間動(dòng)詞：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(4)感官動(dòng)詞：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look?！咀⒁狻?/p>

一般情況下，下面4類動(dòng)詞無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

(1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hat14現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)典型句型Heisalwaysaskingmethesamequestion.That’sboring！2.----Doyouworkhere？

--—No，I'mjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretarycomes.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)典型句型15①暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作

Thecomputerisworkingperfectly.

計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得很好。（暫時(shí)）

Thecomputerworksperfectly.

計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)很好。（一直如此）

②持續(xù)性動(dòng)作和短暫性動(dòng)作

Thebusisstopping.

車停了下來。（漸漸地）

Thebusstops.車停了。（迅速）

①暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作

Thecomputerisw16③暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和永久性動(dòng)作

Sheislivinginthecountry.她現(xiàn)在住在農(nóng)村。（暫時(shí)）

Shelivesinthecountry.

她住在農(nóng)村。（永久）

④有感情色彩和沒有感情色彩

Heisdoingwellatschool.

他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（贊揚(yáng)）

Hedoeswellatschool.

他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（一般事實(shí)）③暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和永久性動(dòng)作

Sheisliving17三.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(ThepresentPerfectTense)

1).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),通常用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.常與表一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如:sofar,upto/tillnow,lately/recently,in/during/overthelast/past…,since…,for…

等．He__________(live)inGuiyangoverthepast6years.haslived句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（have/has+done）+賓語(yǔ)三.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(ThepresentPerfectT182).說話前發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作，成為了一種經(jīng)歷，表示過去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once，twice，manytimes等.We____________(finish)ourlunchalready.______youever______(try)thismethod?

havefinishedHavetried2).說話前發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作，成為了一種經(jīng)歷，表示過去19注意：Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.非延續(xù)性/瞬間/終止性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用于完成時(shí)態(tài)中，即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。

如：begin/start,find,see,marry,buy，borrow,return,die,get等。（錯(cuò)）(對(duì))注意：Ihavereceivedhisletter201.Daniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.2.Theboysaretired.They_______________(justplay)aballgame.3.IwenttoEgyptin1986.Thenin2004Iwentthereagain.I__________(be)toEgypttwice.haslivedhavejustplayedhavebeen1.Daniel__________(live)in21since和for

填空since+______,用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間for+_______,用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間。

Ihavelivedhere______atleast

twentyyears.

Ihavelivedhere______Iwasborn.

時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間段forsincesince和for填空since+______,用來22現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)典型句型Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore.Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.3.In(over)thepast10years,ourschoolhavechangedalot.4.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenthere.5.Howardisoneofthemostfamousexplorerstheworldhaseverknown.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)典型句型23語(yǔ)篇填空

Welcometoourschool.I’dliketointroduceyouplansforourschool.Alotofwork1____________(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary2________________(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.1.由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepastfewyears可知。2.根據(jù)isreadyforuse可推出。hasbeendonehasbeencompleted語(yǔ)篇填空Welcometoourschoo24

固定的特殊句型：

1).Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since-clause.2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).

Tips:固定的特殊句型：Tips:25

Multiplechoice

---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.A.painted B.hadpainted C.havebeenpainting D.havepaintedCMultiplechoiceC26

MultiplechoiceNowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshe_______yet.

Ahadconsidered,hadn’tdecided Bhasbeenconsidering,hasn’tdecidedCconsidered,didn’tdecide Disgoingtoconsider,won’tdecideBMultiplechoiceB27四.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過去開始的一個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“從過去到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行”。其時(shí)間的判定由具體的時(shí)間段或上下句的語(yǔ)境決定。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（have/hasbeendoing）+賓語(yǔ)四.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過去開始的一個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+28Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderB句意：既然露西失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮返校讀書，但她還沒有定下來。解析Nowthatsheisoutofajob,29

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)都表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示事件或動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù)。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)都表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，但現(xiàn)在完30

_______________________________________________past&pastpastnowfuture_______________________________________past&pastpastnowfuturePPT:havedonehavebeendoingPPCT___________________31LiJia__________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia________________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.)

hasread

hasbeenreadingLiJia__________(read)abo32

五.一般過去時(shí)

(TheSimplePastTense)

1.表過去發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表過去的時(shí)間連用。如yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,theotherday等。I__________(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountrysideseveralyearsago.spent五.一般過去時(shí)(TheSimplePast332.表示說話人始料未及的事情，要用一般過去時(shí)。Ididn’tknowitwasyou.Ineverexpectedyouwouldbringmeagift.2.表示說話人始料未及的事情，要用一般過去時(shí)。34一般過去時(shí)的典型例句1.Heoftensangwhenhewasaboy.2.----Edward，youplaysowell.ButIdidn'tknowyouplayedthepiano.3.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!

—Thanks.IstudiedFrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t.(T/F)thought一般過去時(shí)的典型例句thought35過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)HehaslivedinBeijingforfouryears.他在北京住了四年了。（現(xiàn)在仍住那兒）HelivedinBeijingforfouryears.他曾在北京住了四年。（現(xiàn)在不住那兒了）過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)HehaslivedinBeij361.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.2.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.

句1從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞句2從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為終止性動(dòng)詞自從我病愈以來，他屢次給我寫信。自從我生病以來，他屢次給我寫信。1.Hehaswrittentomefrequen37Itisoneyearsincehebeganlivingthere.Itisoneyearsincehelivedthere.若since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)時(shí)，則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從那持續(xù)動(dòng)作結(jié)束或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起”。Itishalfamonthsincehewasastudent.Ihaven’theardanynoisesinceIslept.

Itisoneyearsincehebegan381.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!A.promises B.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.A.married B.didn’tmarryC.wasnotmarrying D.wouldmarry說明：until

修飾的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞并且為肯定形式，表示該動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until后的時(shí)間為止；終止性動(dòng)詞只能用在否定句中，表示直到此時(shí)該動(dòng)作才開始。BB1.---Nancyisnotcomington393.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t._________Dthought3.---Youhaven’tsaidaword40(1)Duringthesummerof2010she___________(travel)inEurope.wastraveling五.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

Thepastcontinuoustense規(guī)則1：過去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或頻繁發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.(1)Duringthesummerof201041

(3)I____________(wonder)ifyoucouldgivemealift.waswondering★規(guī)則3：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示委婉語(yǔ)氣.(2)ImetDianawhileI____________(shop)thismorning.規(guī)則2：某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，常用于由when/while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中.wasshopping僅限于wonder，want,hope等，用于提出請(qǐng)求。waswondering★規(guī)則3：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示委婉425.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.A.read…wasfallingB.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell說明：一般來說在復(fù)合句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作大都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性的動(dòng)作用一般時(shí)，表示在某個(gè)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的過程當(dāng)中另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。B5.Asshe____thenewspaper,43七.過去完成時(shí)(haddone)

表示過去的過去，即過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。

表示過去某時(shí)間前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況

(過去的過去）

IhadstayedinBeijingforthreeyearsby2003.

七.過去完成時(shí)(haddone)

表示過去的過去，即過44當(dāng)我去到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí),他已經(jīng)走了.WhenIgottotheairport,_____________________.他說他之前讀過這本書.Hesaid______________________.Bytheendoflastmonthwehaveviewedscoresofwebsites.hehadalready

lefthehadread

thebookbeforehad當(dāng)我去到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí),他已經(jīng)走了.hehadalreadyl457.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost8.—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.

A．went

B．a(chǎn)regoing

C．havegone

D．hadgoneBD表示過去的過去，即過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。7.Thelittlegirl____herhe46Wearrivedearlierthanwe_______________(expect).hadexpected規(guī)則2：表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、意圖、承諾等。常用had

hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected(＋that…/to

do)或用上述動(dòng)詞的過去式接不定式完成式表示，即：hoped/planned…＋to(have

done)。Wearrivedearlierthanwe____47Theyhad

been

learningabroadfor6yearstilllastmonth.Bob__________________(serve)inthearmybeforehebecameajournalist.七.過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Thepastperfectcontinuoustense結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+hadbeen+v-ing+（賓語(yǔ)）表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前一直進(jìn)行的事情。hadbeenservingTheyhadbeenlearningabroad48Theemployer_________________(interview)alltheemployeesnextWednesday.

ProfessorSmith____________________(lecture)onmoderndramatonight.willinterview八.一般(過去)將來時(shí)(TheSimple/PastFutureTense)1.表示(過去)將來/要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。will/would+v.isgoingtolecture2.表(過去)計(jì)劃、安排、打算、預(yù)測(cè)將要做某事。am/is/are(was/were)goingto+v.Theemployer_________________49Theywillsay/saidgoodbye,littleknowingthey____________________never___________(meet)again.He____________________(apologize)tomewhensomeonegaveasuddenblowonhisshoulder.3.am/is/are(was/were)

to

do

sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排(過去)即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等.wasabouttoapologize4.am/is/are(was/were)abouttodosth.(when…)“正/就要做某事”（不與具體時(shí)間連用）will(would)/are(were)meet/tomeetTheywillsay/saidgoodbye,li50I______________(enjoy)thebeautifulsunshinebathinFloridathisweekend.We______________________(accomplish)theservicetaskinthiscommunitybeforenextSaturday.willbeenjoying九.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

TheFutureContinousTense表將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。will

be

+v-ingwillhaveaccomplished十.將來完成時(shí)

TheFuturePerfectTense表將來某個(gè)時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的事情。will

have

+v.ppI______________(enjoy)theb51時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone一般過去時(shí)did過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing過去完成時(shí)haddone一般將來時(shí)willdo將來完成時(shí)willhavedone時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/a521.---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.A.get B.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.A.havesurvived B.aretosurviveC.wouldsurvive D.willsurviveAB1.---CanIjointheclub,Da533.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsnameunlessitwillincludeacountrythatishometoone-fifthofmankind.________4.Japanwillneverberecovered/restoredevenifitwillreturnDiaoyuIslandstoChina._______5.Theharderyouwillstudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.includesreturns

含有狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句時(shí)態(tài)主將從現(xiàn)。3.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoit541.Idon’tthink___________________________.他（將）通過（了）駕駛測(cè)試。2.TheWhitesexpected___________________________Tonny能出國(guó)深造。hewillpass(passed)thedrivingtestTonnycouldstudyfurtherabroad主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，（賓語(yǔ)）從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)；主句為過去時(shí)，（賓語(yǔ)）從句跟相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。1.Idon’tthink_____________551.LeaveitwithmeandI_____whatIcando.A.seeB.seeingC.amseeing D.willsee2.Pleasegivebloodifyoucanorsomelives______.A.scareaway B.couldscareawayC.scaredawayD.toscareawayDB在祈使句＋and/or/…＋陳述句句型中，陳述句中只能用will/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形。DB在祈使句＋and/or/…＋陳述句句型中，56Remember下列句型1.Itis(has

been)/was

＋一段時(shí)間＋since…(did/had

done)

2.This(That/It)is/wasthefirst(second…)timethat…＋have(has)done/had

done3.This(That/It)is/wastheonly…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

done4.This(That/It)is/wasthebest/finest/mostinteresting…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

doneRemember下列句型57Wehadno

soonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Hardly/Scarcely_____webeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.=Thebusstartedas

soon

aswewereseated.hadHardly/scarcely…過去完成時(shí)+when…一般過去時(shí)Nosooner…過去完成時(shí)+than…一般過去時(shí)Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedt58動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：be

+

v.pp

動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為59時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone一般過去時(shí)did過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing過去完成時(shí)haddone一般將來時(shí)willdo將來完成時(shí)willhavedoneam/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendone時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/a60及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)或短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).比較：rise是不及物動(dòng)詞；raise是及物動(dòng)詞。

Thepricehasbeenrisen.

Thepricehasrisen.

Thepricehasraised.

Thepricehasbeenraised.

Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.

Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.

(錯(cuò))(對(duì))(錯(cuò))(對(duì))(錯(cuò))(對(duì))

及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)或短語(yǔ)無(wú)被61二、 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義1.連系動(dòng)詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep+adj.

構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。Thesteelfeelscold.Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.Theyogurtinthefridge______________(已經(jīng)變質(zhì)）.hasgonebad二、 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義1.連系動(dòng)詞look,sou622.表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。

如:begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。

Workbeganat7o’clockthismorning.

Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.

3.need/want/requiredoing,beworthdoing,

betoblame主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。

Theequipmentinthecorner________________

(需要修理).requiresrepairing2.表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。

如:begin,fi63 Theclothwasheswell.

Hisbookdoesnotsell.4.表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞。如read,write,act,iron,draw,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,shut,dry,eat,drink.這類動(dòng)詞一般不單獨(dú)使用，常有well,easily等修飾語(yǔ)。 Theclothwasheswell.64

VerbTenses(時(shí)態(tài))&Voices(語(yǔ)態(tài)）

65時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)1、考查在語(yǔ)境中判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用能力。常考的時(shí)態(tài)為：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)等。2、時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)；主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題。3、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動(dòng)詞（vt.)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5、某些以主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞的用法。時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)661)表習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如always,often/usually/frequently,sometimes,every…,

at…,onSundays/….

I_____(study)hard

abroadeverydayandI_____(get)alongwellwithmyroommates,butsometimesI_____(miss)myfamilies.studygetmiss.一.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

(ThePresentIndefinite)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)（S）+謂語(yǔ)（V./V-es/s）+賓語(yǔ)1)表習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如al67Correctthesentence.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun._______2)表客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理。注意：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)（he/she/it或單個(gè)的人名、單個(gè)的事物名稱）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+s/es,其余人稱作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形.movesCorrectthe68動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?/p>

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：

①、一般情況下，詞尾加s，如；like----likes,want----wants.

②、以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的加es，如，

watch---watches,go---goes。

③輔音+y要變y為i+es如study---studies動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?/p>

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：

①、一般情況下，69Theshopwillcloseat9:00p.m._____3)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定，時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),一般用于,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/終止性動(dòng)詞，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用．Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes.

closesTheshopwillcloseat9:00p.70一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的典型例句ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell-educated.Ifitrainstomorrow,I

won’t

gothere.3.Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttime

youwritetome.注意一些特殊的連詞until,assoonas，themoment,immediately;aslongas,unless…4.Therecomesthebus.汽車來了

Theregoesthebell.鈴響了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的典型例句71

2)

表示目前這段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。We___________(have)

Englishclassnow.arehavingShe___________(learn)pianounderMr.Smithatpresent.islearning句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（is/am/are+v-ing）+賓語(yǔ)

We___________(have)Englis72動(dòng)詞ing變化規(guī)則1.通常在動(dòng)詞后加ing。如play→playing2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,去e加ing。如make→making

3.以輔元輔結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾字母，再加ing。如run→running,cut,begin,shut4.以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ing。如lie→lying

注：travel/quarrel可雙寫l，也可不雙寫。如travel→travelling/traveling5.refer–referring,prefer,occur動(dòng)詞ing變化規(guī)則73

Translatethesentence.這個(gè)女孩老是在公共場(chǎng)所高談闊論。Thegirlis

alwaystalkingloudinpublic.★進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與always,often/usually/frequently/constantly/allthetime等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或說話人贊嘆或厭惡等感情色彩.Translatethesentence743)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,多用于位移/終止性動(dòng)詞,如:come,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.I____________(leave)tomorrow._____you_______(stay)heretillnextweek?amleavingArestaying3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的amleavin754.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在不斷發(fā)展變化的事情。It’slateAutumn.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在不斷發(fā)展變化的事情。76AllthestudentshereisbelongingtoNo.1MiddleSchool.________belongbelong77(1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,agree,mean,need(2)表存在的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬間動(dòng)詞：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(4)感官動(dòng)詞：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look?！咀⒁狻?/p>

一般情況下，下面4類動(dòng)詞無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

(1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hat78現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)典型句型Heisalwaysaskingmethesamequestion.That’sboring！2.----Doyouworkhere？

--—No，I'mjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretarycomes.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)典型句型79①暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作

Thecomputerisworkingperfectly.

計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得很好。（暫時(shí)）

Thecomputerworksperfectly.

計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)很好。（一直如此）

②持續(xù)性動(dòng)作和短暫性動(dòng)作

Thebusisstopping.

車停了下來。（漸漸地）

Thebusstops.車停了。（迅速）

①暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作

Thecomputerisw80③暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和永久性動(dòng)作

Sheislivinginthecountry.她現(xiàn)在住在農(nóng)村。（暫時(shí)）

Shelivesinthecountry.

她住在農(nóng)村。（永久）

④有感情色彩和沒有感情色彩

Heisdoingwellatschool.

他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（贊揚(yáng)）

Hedoeswellatschool.

他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（一般事實(shí)）③暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和永久性動(dòng)作

Sheisliving81三.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(ThepresentPerfectTense)

1).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),通常用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.常與表一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如:sofar,upto/tillnow,lately/recently,in/during/overthelast/past…,since…,for…

等．He__________(live)inGuiyangoverthepast6years.haslived句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（have/has+done）+賓語(yǔ)三.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(ThepresentPerfectT822).說話前發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作，成為了一種經(jīng)歷，表示過去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once，twice，manytimes等.We____________(finish)ourlunchalready.______youever______(try)thismethod?

havefinishedHavetried2).說話前發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作，成為了一種經(jīng)歷，表示過去83注意：Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.非延續(xù)性/瞬間/終止性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用于完成時(shí)態(tài)中，即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。

如：begin/start,find,see,marry,buy，borrow,return,die,get等。（錯(cuò)）(對(duì))注意：Ihavereceivedhisletter841.Daniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.2.Theboysaretired.They_______________(justplay)aballgame.3.IwenttoEgyptin1986.Thenin2004Iwentthereagain.I__________(be)toEgypttwice.haslivedhavejustplayedhavebeen1.Daniel__________(live)in85since和for

填空since+______,用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間for+_______,用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間。

Ihavelivedhere______atleast

twentyyears.

Ihavelivedhere______Iwasborn.

時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間段forsincesince和for填空since+______,用來86現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)典型句型Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore.Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.3.In(over)thepast10years,ourschoolhavechangedalot.4.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenthere.5.Howardisoneofthemostfamousexplorerstheworldhaseverknown.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)典型句型87語(yǔ)篇填空

Welcometoourschool.I’dliketointroduceyouplansforourschool.Alotofwork1____________(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary2________________(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.1.由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepastfewyears可知。2.根據(jù)isreadyforuse可推出。hasbeendonehasbeencompleted語(yǔ)篇填空Welcometoourschoo88

固定的特殊句型：

1).Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since-clause.2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).

Tips:固定的特殊句型：Tips:89

Multiplechoice

---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.A.painted B.hadpainted C.havebeenpainting D.havepaintedCMultiplechoiceC90

MultiplechoiceNowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshe_______yet.

Ahadconsidered,hadn’tdecided Bhasbeenconsidering,hasn’tdecidedCconsidered,didn’tdecide Disgoingtoconsider,won’tdecideBMultiplechoiceB91四.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過去開始的一個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“從過去到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行”。其時(shí)間的判定由具體的時(shí)間段或上下句的語(yǔ)境決定。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（have/hasbeendoing）+賓語(yǔ)四.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過去開始的一個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+92Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderB句意：既然露西失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮返校讀書，但她還沒有定下來。解析Nowthatsheisoutofajob,93

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)都表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示事件或動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù)。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)都表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，但現(xiàn)在完94

_______________________________________________past&pastpastnowfuture_______________________________________past&pastpastnowfuturePPT:havedonehavebeendoingPPCT___________________95LiJia__________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia________________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.)

hasread

hasbeenreadingLiJia__________(read)abo96

五.一般過去時(shí)

(TheSimplePastTense)

1.表過去發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表過去的時(shí)間連用。如yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,theotherday等。I__________(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountrysideseveralyearsago.spent五.一般過去時(shí)(TheSimplePast972.表示說話人始料未及的事情，要用一般過去時(shí)。Ididn’tknowitwasyou.Ineverexpectedyouwouldbringmeagift.2.表示說話人始料未及的事情，要用一般過去時(shí)。98一般過去時(shí)的典型例句1.Heoftensangwhenhewasaboy.2.----Edward，youplaysowell.ButIdidn'tknowyouplayedthepiano.3.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!

—Thanks.IstudiedFrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t.(T/F)thought一般過去時(shí)的典型例句thought99過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)HehaslivedinBeijingforfouryears.他在北京住了四年了。（現(xiàn)在仍住那兒）HelivedinBeijingforfouryears.他曾在北京住了四年。（現(xiàn)在不住那兒了）過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)HehaslivedinBeij1001.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.2.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.

句1從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞句2從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為終止性動(dòng)詞