現(xiàn)在完成與過(guò)去式的區(qū)別課件

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法及與一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別知識(shí)講解--知識(shí)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have（has）+過(guò)去分詞，1．表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如：Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我剛洗過(guò)衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：already（”已經(jīng)”用于肯定句的中間和末尾處）never(“從不”用于中間處)ever（”曾經(jīng)”用于疑問(wèn)句和肯定句的中間處）just (“剛剛”用于中間處)yet(“已經(jīng)”用于疑問(wèn)句的末尾處/“還”用于否定句的末尾處)或不加任何的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去。試比較：Theplanehasarrived.飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來(lái)了。（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來(lái)的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）Itaughthereforayear.我過(guò)去在這兒教過(guò)一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）用過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：1.“_________you__________(have)lunch?”“Yes.”“When________you__________(have)it?”“I____________(have)itat12:00.”2.“_________you__________(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”“Yes,I___________.I________________(write)onelastweek.”3.“_________he___________(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”4.“_________theyever__________(be)abroad?”“Yes,justonce.”5.Yourfather_________just___________(finish)hiswork.6.Yourfather_________(finish)hisworkjustnow.7.LasttermI__________(learn)manyEnglishwords.8.They____________(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.9.He_____________never____________(go)tothesciencemuseum.10.____________youever____________(drink)coke?11.“____________you_____________(buy)adictionary?““Yes,I__________.”“Where__________you_____________(buy)it?”“I___________(buy)itinabookstore.”“When___________you_____________(buy)it?”“Yesterday.”HavehaddidhavehadHavewrittenhavewtoteHavebeenhasfinishedfinishedLearnt/dhavenotreadhasbeenHavedrunkHavehadhavedidbuyboughtdidbuyHavefinished練習(xí)：用since和for填空1)______twoyears 2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth 4)______1999 5)_______yesterday 6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours 8)_______anhourago 9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime 11)______shelefthere1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.sinceforsincesincesincesinceforsincesinceforsincesincesinceforforsince短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性arriveat/insw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarmgetto/reachsw.→beherecome/go/movetosw.→bethere1)

HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.2)

ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.3)

Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.4)

Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.come/goback,return→bebackcome/goout→beoutbecome→beleavesw.→beawayfromsw.finish/end→beover1)Hecameouttwoyearsago.He__________________________for________________2)

WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_____________________toFuzhousince__________.1)

Ibecameateacherin2000.I________________ateacherfor__________________2)

Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver______________dirtyfor___________________.1)

Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________for__________________2)

Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.start/begintodosth.→dosth.begin→beonlose→nothavecatch/getacold→haveacoldgettoknow→knowhave/hasgoneto→havebeenin1)

Theyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.2)

Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.3)

Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________________himsince____________________.4)

Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I____________________myglassesfor__________________.1)

HehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.例如：----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各種形式填空。1)

WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.2)

David____________theparkjustnow.3)

John_________Englandsincehecameback.4)

Howlong________you_________thisvillage?5)

TheSmiths___________Beijingforyears.6)

_______youever________America?--Yes,I_______theremanytimes.7)

I__________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)

WhereisJim?He_________thefarm.9)

When________he_________?He_______anhourago.10)

Wouldyouliketo________thezoowithme?---Yes,butI________therebefore.11)

Heoften________swimming.12)

_______you_________therelastyear?13)

________theyoften_________skatinginwinter?hasgonetowenttohasbeeninhavebeentohasbeeninhasgonetoHavebeentohavebeenhasbeeninhasgonetoDidgowentgotohavebeengoesDidgoDogoIII.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem________________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour__________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).5.Mary_______(lose)herpen.______you______(see)ithereandthere?6.________you_________(find)yourwatchyet?7.---Areyouthirsty? ---NoI_________just_____________(have)someorange.8.We_____________already______________(return)thebook.9.___________they____________(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I________________(notfinish)my