青海師范大學(xué)附屬實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題含答案

青海師范大學(xué)附屬實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高三英語(yǔ)第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）ForArtLoversWeAreWaterProtectorsCaroleLindstrom,illustrated(加插圖)byMichaelaGoadeWaterislife!TheWaterProtectorsatStandingRockandbeyondhavebeenbattlingtodefendMotherEarth’ssacredwatertohonorourancestors,toprovideforourpeoplesandforfuturegenerations.Thispicturebook—seriously,it’sbreathtaking—waswrittenbyCaroleLindstromoftheTurtleMountainBandofOjibweandillustratedbyMichaelaGoade.(Forages3to6)AllBecauseYouMatterTamiCharles,illustratedbyBryanCollierFromthematteroftheuniversetoBlackLivesMatter,thisillustratedbookpullstogethertherealuniversetomakeitclearthatitsyoungreadersarespecialbeyondbelief.Drawinginspirationfromhisowngrandmother’sclothes-making,BryanCollierpairswithTamiCharlestodeliveranimportantmessage.(Forages4to8)Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera(意大利蜂)CandaceFleming,illustratedbyEricRohmannAbeautifullyillustratedApismelliferapresentedintastyoilpaintscycles.Youngreadersgetafrontrowseattothenaturalworldwhilevividwordsintroducetheanxietyleadingtothebee’sfirstflight.Thinkeachbeehasjustonejob?Thinkagain.Beesholdavarietyofoccupationsduringtheirshort,lovelylives—andyouthoughtyouwerebusy!(Forages6to9)ThePlainJanesCecilCastellucciandJimRuggCecilCastellucciandJimRugg’schildrencomicaboutfourgirlartistsattractedreaderswhenitwasreleasedin2007.Now,inareissue(再版)thatincludestheoriginaltalesalongwithanewstory,Castellucciagesuphermessage.WhiletheJanes’liveshavegrownmorecomplicated,Castellucci’sthemeremainssincereand—inthesetryingtimes—somethingmanyofusstruggletokeepinmind.(Forages8to15)1．WhichbookdoesMichaelaGoadedrawfor?A．ThePlainJanes. B．AllBecauseYouMatter.C．WeAreWaterProtectors. D．Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera.2．WhogaveBryanColliertheinspirationtoillustrateforAllBecauseYouMatter?A．Hisfamilymember. B．Hisreaders.C．Himself. D．TamiCharles.3．Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A．Theyareaboutendangeredanimals.B．Theyaretargetedatartloversundersixteen.C．Theyhavebeenreleasedmorethanonce.D．Theycontributetoenvironmentalprotection.JoeBagley,a20-year-old“jungleboy”,hasturnedhisone-bedroomapartmentinLoughborough,UK,intoanindoorjunglewithover1,400pottedplants.YoucanfindallsortsofplantsgrowinginJoeBagley’shome.Theyareeverywhere,onthediningtable,onbookshelves,eveninthebathroom,prettymuchwhereverthereisanysparespacethathasn’tbeenoccupiedbysomethingelse.Thereisn’tthatmuchspaceavailable—1,400pottedplantsintoithavemadeitlooklikeasortofindoorurbanjungle.“Everyroomispacked,”thehouseplantenthusiastsaid.“I’malwaysthinkingofnewplacestoputmore.IhavesomeplantsinhereandIdon’tknowwheretheycamefrom.Ican’trememberbuyingthem.It’slikeIhaveanaddiction.”Joe’sloveforhouseplantsstartedwhenhewas13,afterhisgrandmother,wholivesrightacrossthestreet,giftedhimacuttingofherspiderplant.AstheSouthAfricanplantgrewandblossomed(開花),sodidhisloveforhouseplants.Thesedaysheworksinagardencenter,spendshisfreetimeeithercaringforhisplantsorreadingarticlesandstudiesaboutthem,andclaims(聲稱)tohavedevelopedakindof“sixthsense”whenitcomestotakingcareofthem.“Ihaveasixthsenseforknowingwhensomethingneedswatering.IcanjustbewalkingpastaplantandIknow,”hesaid.Throughthelastsevenyears,JoeBagleyhasaccumulatedawealthofplantknowledge,andherecentlycreatedhisownwebsite,wherehepublishesallsortsofhelpfulinformationforfellowplantenthusiastsandhealsoanswerstheirquestionsaboutplantcare.Hisdreamistoonedayopenhisownplant-filled“junglecafé”,whichhedescribesashisidealbusiness.4．WhatcanweknowaboutJoeBagley’sapartment?A．Itismessyanddirty. B．Itislyinginajungle.C．Itisfilledwithplants. D．Itisatouristattraction.5．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．WhyJoeBagley’sgrandmotherlovedplants.B．HowJoeBagleyfellinlovewithhouseplants.C．WhenJoeBagley’sgiftforgardeningshowed.D．WhatJoeBagleylovedbestabouthouseplants.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJoeBagleyregardingplantcare?A．Creativeanddetermined. B．Hardworkingbutcareless.C．Optimisticbutinactive. D．Enthusiasticandprofessional.7．WhydidJoeBagleycreatehisownwebsite?A．Toadvertisehis“junglecafe”. B．Toraisemoneyfromothers.C．Tosharehisplantknowledge. D．Todobusinesswithgardeners.Maybeyoutakevitaminsregularlysupportingbrainpower,orstockuponthesefoodsthatboostbrainhealth.ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmericanAcademyofNeurology(AAN)suggestthere’ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.Aquarterofadultsaged80to84experiencemildcognitive(認(rèn)知的)impairment,accordingtoAAN.Toaddressthewidespreadproblem,agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer’s(阿爾茨海默癥)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline—andyoumightbesurprisedbywhattheyincludedandwhattheydidn’t.Surprisingly,theAANguidelinesdon’tincludeanymedication(藥物)ordietaryrecommendations.Theauthorsstressthattherehaven’tbeenanyhighquality,longtermstudiesfindingfoodsormedicationcanhelpcognitivedecline.Theguidelinesalsosaydoctorscanconsidersuggestingcognitivetrainingtopatientswithmemorylossbutnotrelyonit.Atthepresenttime,thereport’sauthorssaytheevidenceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises,likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblemsolvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss,arebeneficial.Still,thesemorningbrainexercisescan’tdoanyharm.Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines:Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline.Onestudyshowedadultswithmildcognitiveimpairmentwhodidresistancetrainingtwiceaweekscoredbetteronexecutivefunctionandassociativememoryteststhanagroupthatworkedonbalancing,stretching,andrelaxing.What’smore,anotherstudyhadolderadultsattendeitherbiweeklyhealthclassesorsessionsofaerobics,strengthtraining,balanceexercises,andmultitaskingtraining.Sixmonthslater,theoneswho’dexercisedregularlyscoredbetteroncognitivehealthandmemorytests,andhadlessbrainshrinkage.AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmindssharp.Thisisthebesttimetoexerciseifyouwanttoimproveyourmemory.Itlookslikeyou’vegotjustonemorereasontocleartimeinyourscheduleforaworkout—evenifit’sonlyontheweekends.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairment”inParagraph2referto?A．Error. B．Decline.C．Development. D．Presence.9．ANNmaybeuncertainabout________.A．strengthtrainingB．resistancetrainingC．exercisingtwiceaweekD．morningbrainexercises10．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．DailyexercisesarebeneficialtoAlzheimer’s.B．TheAANguidelinesattachimportancetoworkouts.C．MedicationisofsignificanceintheANNguidelines.D．Stockinguponvitaminssupportingbrainpowermeansnothing.11．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Exercise. B．Entertainment.C．Science. D．Health.Theworldofworkischanging.Arepeoplereadyforthenewjoboutlook?Asurveyof15-year-oldsacross41countriesbytheOECD(經(jīng)合組織)hasfoundthatteenagersmayhaveunrealisticexpectationsaboutthekindofworkthatwillbeavailable.Fourofthefivemostpopularchoicesaretraditionalprofessionalroles:doctors,teachers,businessmanagersandlawyers.Teenagersclusteraroundthemostpopularjobs,withthetoptenbeingchosenby47%ofboysand53%ofgirls.Thisselectionispartlyduetowishfulthinkingonthepartofthosesurveyed.Furthermore,teenagerscanhardlybeexpectedtohaveanin-depthknowledgeoflabour-markettrends.Theyencounterdoctorsandteachersintheirdailylives.Otherpopularprofessions,suchaslawyersandpoliceofficers,arefamiliarfromfilmsandsocialmedia.SomepartsoftheOECDsurveyaredisturbing.Moreboysthangirlsexpecttoworkinscienceorengineering.Theproblemcontinuesinhighereducation;withtheexceptionofbiologicalandbiomedicalsciences,degreesinSTEMSubjects(science,technology,engineeringandmaths)aremale-dominated.InAmericawomenearnjust35.5%ofundergraduateSTEMdegreesand33.7%ofPhDs.Thingsareevenworseintechnology.InBritainonlyoneinfivecomputer-scienceuniversitystudentsisawoman.Womenareunderrepresentedinsomeimportantfieldsoftechnology;theyhaveonly12%ofjobsincloudcomputing,forexample.Womenplayamuchbiggerroleinthehealth-andsocial-caresectors.Theproblemisthatsomeofthesejobsarenotverywellpaid.Home-healthandpersonal-careaideshadmedianannualsalariesin2018ofjustover24,000.Somejobsinhealthcareareextremelyprofitable,ofcourse.Butanothergenderimbalanceemergeshere:womenmakeuponlyone-thirdofAmericanhealth-careexecutives.Incontrast,theytendtodominatethepoorlypaidsocialcareworkforce.Thebiggestprobleminthelabourmarket,then,maynotbethatteenagersarefocusingonafewwell-knownjobs.Itcouldbeamismatch:notenoughtalentedwomenmoveintotechnologyandnotenoughmentakejobsinsocialcare.Anyeconomistwillrecognisethisasaninefficientuseofresources.Wherevertherootoftheproblemlies---beittheeducationsystem,governmentpolicyorcorporaterecruitingpractices---itneedstobeidentifiedandfixed.12．Manyteenagerswouldliketochoosesometraditionaljobsbecause_______.A．theyarereadyforthesejobsB．thesejobsarebetterknowntothemC．thesejobsliveuptotheirexpectationsD．theythinkthesejobsareavailabletothem13．Wheredomostwomenwork?A．InengineeringB．Intechnology.C．Inhealthcare.D．Inbusiness.14．Whatwould-theauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Themismatchofresourcesrequiresimproving.B．Notenoughmenandwomentakejobsinsociety.C．Teenagershaveunrealisticexpectationsaboutjobs.D．It'stheeducationsystemthatcausestheprobleminthelabourmarket.15．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Education.C．Science. D．Career.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）China,knownforitsvarietyofcuisines,canillustratethehistoryof5,000yearsfromfoodalone.___16___Weshouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceoffoodeducation,becauseknowinghowtoeatisthegreatestguaranteeforhealth.FoodeducationinChinashouldcovertheseessentialareas.Establishcorrectvalues.FoodeducationinChinashouldbedesignedtoguideanddrivechildrentoestablishcorrectvalues.___17___Foodeducationshouldarousetheirappreciationofthelaborofothers.___18___Second,foodeducationinChinashouldalsoshowtheinheritanceofculture.Manytraditionalfestivalsarecharacterizedbytheirowndishes,suchaszongzi,apyramidalglutinousricedumplingfortheDragonBoatFestival;mooncakesontheMid-AutumnFestival;anddumplingsduringChineseNewYear.ThecombinationoffoodeducationandtraditionalChinesecultureenablesstudentstotasteintheirmouthandrememberintheirheart“,thuspassingonthetraditiontothefuturegenerations.Bulledharmonyrela1onships.FoodhelpsLomaintainandenhancerelationships:FoodistheparamountnecessityofthepeopleandChineseculturehasalwaysvalued“reuniondinners”.___19___Carryoutfoodeducationcorrectly.___20___Thoughitbeginswithchildrenitshouldbeproperlydesignedbyageandgeography.A．Combineitwiththetraditionalculture.B．ImprovefamilyandinterpersonalrelationshipsC．Foodeducationshouldfollowastep-by-stepprocess.D．Ialsoguidedthestudentstogrow,identifyandcookfood.E．FoodeducationinChinaisstillintheinitialstageofexploration.F．Foodisboththebountyofnatureandthecrystallizationoflabor.G．Eitherafamilydinnerorcasuallunchatschoolisagoodwaytobettercommunicationandcohesion.第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Travellingalonecanbealittlefrightening.However,thistimeis___21___.LastweekIhadaholidayfromwork,butallmyfriendswereoccupiedandnoneofthemhadthesame___22___asmine.Suchasitwas,IstillbookedatrainridetoTorontoand___23___abedinahotelforoneweek.Oneweekbymyself!WouldIbelonely?WouldIbe___24___?Quitetheopposite!Infact,therearemany___25___thatcomefromtravellingalone.Firstly,IwasabletodowhateverIwanted.Ienjoyedspendinghoursinmuseumsthatmighthaveseemed___26___tosomeofmyfriends.Iwalkedallaroundthe___27___,whichsomepeoplemayhavefoundtooexhausting.Insteadof___28___someoneelsetoremember___29___ortosuggestactivitiestodo,Idiscoveredmyindependenceand____30____map-readingskillsthatIdidn’tknowIhad.Icould

____31____andgotosleepwhenIwanted.Beinginthesafeenvironmentofahotelwithlike-minded_____32_____alsogivesagreatopportunitytomeetnewpeoplefromallovertheworld,whichcanhelpconquer____33____Ifoundthattherewerealsosomedisadvantagesoftravellingalone____34____thebenefits.Imissedhavingsomeonetotalktoandto____35____ideaswith.Experiencesareoftenmoreenjoyableiftheyare____36____,andpartofthefunoftravellingisthe____37____thatyouhavewithyourfriendsorfamiliesafterwards.____38____,eatinginarestaurantorcookinginthehotelaloneislessfun.Iamvery____39____ofmyselffortravellingaloneandIhadafantastictimeinToronto.Iwouldratherbebymyselfthanwithsomeonewhoislazyand____40____todealwithinthefuture!21．A．different B．proper C．strange D．disappointing22．A．work B．a(chǎn)rrangement C．interest D．freedom23．A．bought B．made C．changed D．reserved24．A．tired B．delighted C．bored D．a(chǎn)mazed25．A．benefits B．results C．effects D．a(chǎn)ccidents26．A．private B．unique C．dissatisfying D．dull27．A．hotel B．community C．city D．country28．A．a(chǎn)ppealingto B．relyingon C．waitingfor D．findingout29．A．constructions B．instructions C．destinations D．directions30．A．recovered B．developed C．received D．refreshed31．A．comeout B．bringback C．getup D．turnover32．A．foreigners B．newcomers C．customers D．travellers33．A．loneliness B．illness C．a(chǎn)nger D．fear34．A．ratherthan B．despite C．insteadof D．except35．A．declare B．remember C．exchange D．learn36．A．shared B．explored C．shown D．experienced37．A．guidelines B．plans C．opinions D．memories38．A．However B．Gradually C．Additionally D．Altogether39．A．a(chǎn)ware B．proud C．fond D．a(chǎn)shamed40．A．difficult B．rude C．stubborn D．silly第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ashumansretreatintotheirhomesasmoreandmorecountriesgoundercoronavirus(疫情)lockdown,wildanimalsareclippingcover___41___(explore)theemptystreetsofsomeofourbiggestcities.Groupsofwild____42____(goose)havebeenwanderingfreelyonthestreetsofOakland,California,whileapuma(美洲獅)turned___43___inthecenteroftheChileancapital,Santiago,___44___isundercontrol.“Thisisthehabitattheyoncehadandthatwe’vetakenawayfromthem,”___45___(say)MarceloGiagnoni,theheadofChile’sagriculturalservice.Withthehuntingseason___46___(withdraw)inseveralEuropeancountries,thispromisestobeaspringand___47___(possible)asummeroflovefortheanimalkingdom.However,therearealsodownsidestothelockdownfornature.“Worktolimitaggressivespecieshasbeenslopped,”cautionedLoicObledoftheFrenchbiodiversity(生物多樣性)office,“aswellas___48___tohelpendangeredspecies.”Birdsthathavenestedintheyardofan___49___(abandon)schoolorfactorywillfindthemselvesdisturbed,hewarned.Hisfurther____50____(explain)canbefoundinNature.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）假如英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同學(xué)們交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處錯(cuò)誤。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Lastweek,ourclassplayedainterestinggamecalledthejigsawpuzzle.Bothofusexpectedittobeaveryeasilytask.After10minutesoftrying,therefore,wecouldn’tmakeanyofthepatternsatall.Soonourteamleadersawanothergroup’sjigsawpuzzlepiecesandfounditwastheexactpiecethattheirgroupneeded.Itturnedoutthatthetaskneedustoborrowothergroups’differentshapes,insteadbeingdonebyasinglegroup.Havingbeenrealizedthis,everythingwassolvedquickly.Ihavelearnedfromthisactivitywhatonlycooperationcanmakethingssucceed.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分）自新冠疫情(COVID-19)暴發(fā)以來，很多學(xué)校都采取了線上教學(xué)方式。假定你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)正在征集關(guān)于在線教育的稿件，請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.在線教育的利與弊；2.你的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.題目已為你寫好Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofonlineeducation________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．C

2．A

3．B本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了4本針對(duì)16歲以下的藝術(shù)愛好者的書。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WeAreWaterProtectors中的“CaroleLindstrom,illustrated(加插圖)byMichaelaGoade(卡羅爾·林德斯特倫，由米凱拉·戈德繪圖)”可知，米凱拉·戈德為《我們都是水的守護(hù)者》這本書加插圖。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AllBecauseYouMatter中的“Drawinginspirationfromhisowngrandmother’sclothes-making,BryanCollierpairswithTamiCharlestodeliveranimportantmessage.(布萊恩·科利爾從自己祖母的服裝制作中汲取靈感，和塔米·查爾斯一起傳達(dá)了一個(gè)重要的信息。)”可知，他的家人給了布萊恩·科利爾創(chuàng)作《因?yàn)槟阕钪匾返撵`感。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題ForArtLovers(獻(xiàn)給藝術(shù)愛好者)和WeAreWaterProtectors中的“Forages3to6(適合3至6歲)”、AllBecauseYouMatter中的“Forages4to8(適合4至8歲)”、Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera(意大利蜂)中的“Forages6to9(適合6至9歲)”和ThePlainJanes中的“Forages8to15(適合8至15歲)”可知，這四本書共同之處是針對(duì)16歲以下的藝術(shù)愛好者的。故選B。4．C

5．B

6．D

7．C本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了一個(gè)“叢林男孩”在自己的公寓擺滿了盆栽植物的故事。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段YoucanfindallsortsofplantsgrowinginJoeBagley’shome.Theyareeverywhere,onthediningtable,onbookshelves,eveninthebathroom,prettymuchwhereverthereisanysparespacethathasn’tbeenoccupiedbysomethingelse.可知，你可以在JoeBagley的家里找到各種各樣的植物。它們無處不在，在餐桌上，書架上，甚至在浴室里，幾乎是任何沒有被其他東西占據(jù)的空余空間。由此可知，JoeBagley的公寓里都是植物。故選C。5．主旨大意題。通讀第四段Joe’sloveforhouseplantsstartedwhenhewas13,afterhisgrandmother,wholivesrightacrossthestreet,giftedhimacuttingofherspiderplant.AstheSouthAfricanplantgrewandblossomed(開花),sodidhisloveforhouseplants.可知，Joe對(duì)室內(nèi)植物的喜愛始于他13歲時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)住在街對(duì)面的祖母把她剪下來的一株蜘蛛花送給了他。隨著這種南非植物的生長(zhǎng)和開花，他對(duì)室內(nèi)盆栽植物的喜愛也與日俱增你可以在JoeBagley的家里找到各種各樣的植物。由此可知，該段主要是講JoeBagley是如何愛上盆栽植物的。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Thesedaysheworksinagardencenter,spendshisfreetimeeithercaringforhisplantsorreadingarticlesandstudiesaboutthem,andclaims(聲稱)tohavedevelopedakindof“sixthsense”whenitcomestotakingcareofthem.“Ihaveasixthsenseforknowingwhensomethingneedswatering.IcanjustbewalkingpastaplantandIknow,”hesaid.可知，如今，他在一家園藝中心工作，閑暇時(shí)間要么照料他的植物，要么閱讀有關(guān)植物的文章和研究。他聲稱，在照料這些植物方面，他已經(jīng)形成了一種“第六感”?！拔矣械诹校朗裁礀|西需要澆水。我只要走過一棵植物，我就知道，”他說。由此推知，JoeBagley在打理植物方面是“滿懷熱情的”且“專業(yè)的”。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段Throughthelastsevenyears,JoeBagleyhasaccumulatedawealthofplantknowledge,andherecentlycreatedhisownwebsite,wherehepublishesallsortsofhelpfulinformationforfellowplantenthusiastsandhealsoanswerstheirquestionsaboutplantcare.可知，在過去的七年里，JoeBagley利積累了豐富的植物知識(shí)，最近他創(chuàng)建了自己的網(wǎng)站，在那里他為其他植物愛好者發(fā)布各種有用的信息，并回答他們關(guān)于植物護(hù)理的問題。由此可知，JoeBagley創(chuàng)建自己的網(wǎng)站是分享他的植物知識(shí)。故選C。8．B

9．D

10．B

11．D本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每周進(jìn)行兩次鍛煉會(huì)讓大腦保持敏銳，能夠改善老年人的認(rèn)知障礙。8．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞后句“Toaddressthewidespreadproblem,agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer’s(阿爾茨海默癥)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline(為了解決這個(gè)普遍性的問題，一群神經(jīng)病學(xué)家和阿爾茨海默癥專家仔細(xì)琢磨現(xiàn)有的研究來明確預(yù)防和治療認(rèn)知衰退的最佳方法)”可知，在80至84歲的成年人中，有四分之一的人有輕度認(rèn)知衰退，畫線詞應(yīng)與decline詞義相近。故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Atthepresenttime,thereport’sauthorssaytheevidenceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises,likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblemsolvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss,arebeneficial.(該報(bào)告的作者說，目前的證據(jù)還不確定，不能肯定大腦鍛煉，如記憶和注意力訓(xùn)練或解決與記憶喪失有關(guān)的日常問題，是否有益。)”可知，報(bào)告的作者說目前還沒有確鑿的證據(jù)來確定大腦鍛煉是否有益。故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines:Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline.(但新指南有一個(gè)重大發(fā)現(xiàn)：每周鍛煉兩次可以改善認(rèn)知能力下降。)”以及第六段“AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmindssharp.(AAN認(rèn)為每周鍛煉兩次可以改善認(rèn)知衰退并建議醫(yī)生讓喪失記憶的病人每周鍛煉兩次以保持大腦的敏銳。)”可知，AAN重視鍛煉。故選B。11．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段第二句“ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmericanAcademyofNeurology(AAN)suggestthere’ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.(但美國(guó)神經(jīng)病學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)(AAN)的新指導(dǎo)方針表明，你可以做一些更好的事情來保持思維敏捷。)”為全文的主旨句，并結(jié)合文章其他內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)——每周進(jìn)行兩次鍛煉會(huì)讓大腦保持敏銳，能夠改善老年人的認(rèn)知障礙。據(jù)此可推斷，本文的主題為健康。故選D。12．B

13．C

14．A

15．D這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。這篇文章講述的是關(guān)于青少年對(duì)工作的選擇。工作的世界正在發(fā)生變化。經(jīng)合組織(OECD)對(duì)41個(gè)國(guó)家15歲青少年進(jìn)行的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，青少年可能對(duì)未來可獲得的工作抱有不切實(shí)際的期望。5個(gè)最受歡迎的職位中，有4個(gè)是傳統(tǒng)的職業(yè)角色:醫(yī)生、教師、企業(yè)經(jīng)理和律師。并介紹了性別在工作中的不合理分配，建議改善資源的不合理分配。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Thisselectionispartlyduetowishfulthinkingonthepartofthosesurveyed.Furthermore,teenagerscanhardlybeexpectedtohaveanin-depthknowledgeoflabour-markettrends.Theyencounterdoctorsandteachersintheirdailylives.Otherpopularprofessions,suchaslawyersandpoliceofficers,arefamiliarfromfilmsandsocialmedia.“這種選擇部分是出于被調(diào)查者的一廂情愿。此外，很難期望青少年對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)趨勢(shì)有深入的了解。他們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪杏龅结t(yī)生和老師。其他受歡迎的職業(yè)，如律師和警察，在電影和社交媒體中很常見?！庇纱丝芍?，許多青少年喜歡選擇一些傳統(tǒng)的工作，因?yàn)檫@些工作對(duì)他們來說比較熟悉。故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Womenplayamuchbiggerroleinthehealth-andsocial-caresectors.“婦女在保健和社會(huì)保健部門發(fā)揮更大的作用?！庇纱丝芍?，大多數(shù)女性在衛(wèi)生保健工作。故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Itcouldbeamismatch:notenoughtalentedwomenmoveintotechnologyandnotenoughmentakejobsinsocialcare.Anyeconomistwillrecognisethisasaninefficientuseofresources.Wherevertherootoftheproblemlies---beittheeducationsystem,governmentpolicyorcorporaterecruitingpractices---itneedstobeidentifiedandfixed.“這可能是一種錯(cuò)配:沒有足夠多的有才華的女性進(jìn)入科技行業(yè)，也沒有足夠多的男性從事社會(huì)福利工作。任何經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家都會(huì)承認(rèn)，這是對(duì)資源的低效利用。無論問題的根源在哪里——無論是教育體系、政府政策還是企業(yè)招聘實(shí)踐——都需要找到并解決?！庇纱伺袛喑?，作者最可能同意的是“需要改善資源的不合理分配。”故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Theworldofworkischanging.Arepeoplereadyforthenewjoboutlook?Asurveyof15-year-oldsacross41countriesbytheOECD(經(jīng)合組織)hasfoundthatteenagersmayhaveunrealisticexpectationsaboutthekindofworkthatwillbeavailable.“工作的世界正在發(fā)生變化。人們對(duì)新的工作前景做好準(zhǔn)備了嗎?經(jīng)合組織(OECD)對(duì)41個(gè)國(guó)家15歲青少年進(jìn)行的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，青少年可能對(duì)未來可獲得的工作抱有不切實(shí)際的期望。”和最后一段中Wherevertherootoftheproblemlies---beittheeducationsystem,governmentpolicyorcorporaterecruitingpractices---itneedstobeidentifiedandfixed.“無論問題的根源在哪里——無論是教育體系、政府政策還是企業(yè)招聘實(shí)踐——都需要找到并解決。”由此判斷出，短文出自報(bào)紙里的職業(yè)版塊。故選D。16．E

17．F

18．A

19．G

20．C這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了中國(guó)的食品教育應(yīng)該涵蓋的一些基本領(lǐng)域。16．根據(jù)上文“China,knownforitsvarietyofcuisines,canillustratethehistoryof5,000yearsfromfoodalone.(中國(guó)以其豐富多樣的菜肴而聞名，僅從食物就可以說明中國(guó)五千年的歷史)”以及后文“Weshouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceoffoodeducation,becauseknowinghowtoeatisthegreatestguaranteeforhealth.FoodeducationinChinashouldcovertheseessentialareas.(我們更應(yīng)該意識(shí)到食物教育的重要性，因?yàn)橹廊绾纬允墙】档淖畲蟊ＷC。中國(guó)的食品教育應(yīng)該涵蓋這些基本領(lǐng)域)”可知，本句是在說明中國(guó)食物教育的情況，E選項(xiàng)中Foodeducation對(duì)應(yīng)后文中foodeducation。故E選項(xiàng)“中國(guó)的食品教育還處于探索的初級(jí)階段”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。17．根據(jù)后文“Foodeducationshouldarousetheirappreciationofthelaborofothers.(食物教育應(yīng)該喚起他們對(duì)他人勞動(dòng)的感激)”可知，后文提到食物教育應(yīng)該喚起對(duì)他人勞動(dòng)的感激，本句說明原因：食物既是大自然的饋贈(zèng)，也是勞動(dòng)的結(jié)晶。F選項(xiàng)中l(wèi)abor對(duì)應(yīng)后文中l(wèi)abor。故F選項(xiàng)“食物既是大自然的饋贈(zèng)，也是勞動(dòng)的結(jié)晶”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。18．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Second,foodeducationinChinashouldalsoshowtheinheritanceofculture.Manytraditionalfestivalsarecharacterizedbytheirowndishes,suchaszongzi,apyramidalglutinousricedumplingfortheDragonBoatFestival;mooncakesontheMid-AutumnFestival;anddumplingsduringChineseNewYear.ThecombinationoffoodeducationandtraditionalChinesecultureenablesstudentstotasteintheirmouthandrememberintheirheart“,thuspassingonthetraditiontothefuturegenerations.(其次，中國(guó)的飲食教育也應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)文化的傳承。許多傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日都有自己的特色菜肴，如粽子，一種粽子為端午節(jié)；中秋節(jié)吃月餅；在中國(guó)新年吃餃子將飲食教育與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化相結(jié)合，讓學(xué)生口中有滋味，心中有記憶”，從而將傳統(tǒng)傳承給下一代)”可知，本段的主旨是食物教育與傳統(tǒng)文化的關(guān)系，A選項(xiàng)中traditionalculture對(duì)應(yīng)后文中traditionalChineseculture。故A選項(xiàng)“與傳統(tǒng)文化相結(jié)合”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。19．根據(jù)上文“FoodhelpsLomaintainandenhancerelationships:FoodistheparamountnecessityofthepeopleandChineseculturehasalwaysvalued“reuniondinners”.(食物有助于維系和增進(jìn)關(guān)系：食物是人們最重要的必需品，中國(guó)文化一直重視“團(tuán)圓飯”)”可知，本段的主旨是食物有助于維系和增進(jìn)關(guān)系，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說明食物對(duì)維系和增進(jìn)關(guān)系的作用，故G選項(xiàng)“無論是家庭聚餐還是在學(xué)校吃便飯都是增進(jìn)溝通和凝聚力的好方法”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。20．根據(jù)后文“Thoughitbeginswithchildrenitshouldbeproperlydesignedbyageandgeography.(雖然它從兒童開始，但應(yīng)該根據(jù)年齡和地理位置適當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì))”可知，本句是關(guān)于如何實(shí)施食品教育的說明，后文提到了年齡階段、地理位置，可見要循序漸進(jìn)，故C選項(xiàng)“食品教育應(yīng)遵循循序漸進(jìn)的過程”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。21．A

22．B

23．D

24．C

25．A

26．D

27．C

28．B

29．D

30．B

31．C

32．D

33．A

34．B

35．C

36．A

37．D

38．C

39．B

40．A本文是夾敘夾議文。獨(dú)自旅行有時(shí)可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)可怕，但作者去多倫多的一次獨(dú)自旅行有了不同的感受。文章講述了獨(dú)自旅行的好處和缺點(diǎn)。21．考查形容詞辨析。句意：獨(dú)自旅行可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)可怕。然而，這次不同。A.different不同的；B.proper適當(dāng)?shù)模m合的；C.strange奇怪的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根據(jù)表轉(zhuǎn)折的However和下文內(nèi)容可知這次感覺不同，故選A。22．考查名詞辨析。句意：上周我休假，但我所有的朋友都很忙，沒有一個(gè)人的安排和我的一樣。A.work工作；B.arrangement安排，布置；C.interest興趣，愛好；D.freedom自由。此處指朋友們的安排和我不一樣，故選B。23．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是預(yù)訂了去多倫多的火車，并在酒店預(yù)訂了一個(gè)星期的床位。A.bought買；B.made制造，做成；C.changed改變；D.reserved預(yù)定，留出。和booked同義，指在酒店預(yù)定床位，故選D。24．考查形容詞辨析。句意：一個(gè)人過一周!我會(huì)孤獨(dú)嗎?我會(huì)感到無聊嗎?A.tired疲倦的；B.delighted高興的；C.bored無聊的；D.amazed驚訝的。與lonely并列，指獨(dú)自旅行一個(gè)人會(huì)無聊，故選C。25．考查名詞辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，獨(dú)自旅行有很多好處。A.benefits利益，好處；B.results結(jié)果；C.effects影響，效果；D.accidents事故。根據(jù)Quitetheopposite!可知與上文相反，并不孤獨(dú)無聊。下文介紹了獨(dú)自旅行的好處，despitethebenefits也給了提示，故選A。26．考查形容詞辨析。句意：我喜歡在博物館里呆上幾個(gè)小時(shí)，這在我的一些朋友看來可能很無聊。A.private私下的，私有的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.dissatisfying不滿意的；D.dull遲鈍的，無趣的。此處是作者把自己和朋友們對(duì)比，自己喜歡而朋友們會(huì)感到無聊，故選D。27．考查名詞辨析。句意：我在城里到處走，有些人可能覺得太累了。A.hotel旅館；B.community社區(qū)；C.city城市；D.country國(guó)家，鄉(xiāng)下。結(jié)合上文bookedatrainridetoToronto可知作者是在多倫多市，故選C。28．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的獨(dú)立性，并發(fā)展了自己以前都不知道自己有看地圖的能力，而不是依靠別人來記住方向或建議去做什么。A.appealingto呼吁，要求，上訴；B.relyingon依賴，信賴；C.waitingfor等待；D.findingout發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出。作者這次獨(dú)自旅行發(fā)現(xiàn)了以前自己不知道的能力，故選B。29．考查名詞辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的獨(dú)立性，并發(fā)展了自己以前都不知道自己有看地圖的能力，而不是依靠別人來記住方向或建議去做什么。A.constructions建設(shè)；B.instructions說明，指令；C.destinations目的地；D.directions方向，指示。此處指旅游時(shí)記住方向，