大體解剖學(xué)要求掌握的專業(yè)英語詞匯(含翻譯)

大體解剖要求掌握的專業(yè)英語詞匯一、緒論、運動系總論能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯： gross[ɡr?us]anatomy[?n?t?mi]大體解剖;neuroanatomy[nju?r?ul?d?ik?l]神經(jīng);thehead頭部,neck頸部,upperlimbs[lim]上肢,lowerlimbs[lim]下肢,thorax胸部,abdomen[?bd?m?n]腹部, pelvis[pelvis]骨盆,perineum會陰,backandvertebral[v?:tibrit] region[ri:d ??n]背部和脊柱區(qū) ;locomotor system運動系統(tǒng);alimentary system消化系統(tǒng);respiratory system呼吸系統(tǒng);urinary[ju?rineit]system泌尿系統(tǒng);reproductivesystem生殖系統(tǒng);endocrine system內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng);circulatorysystem循環(huán)系統(tǒng);nervoussystem中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng);senseorgans 感覺器官;verticalaxis 縱軸;horizontal plane 水平面;superior上/inferior 下;cranial 顱/caudal 尾;anterior 前/posterior 后;ventral 腹側(cè)/dorsal 側(cè);medial 內(nèi)側(cè)/lateral 外側(cè);internal內(nèi)/external 外;superficial 淺/profundal深;proximal 近端/distal 遠端;ulnar 尺側(cè)/radial 橈側(cè);tibial 脛側(cè)/fibular 腓側(cè)；bones骨;joints 關(guān)節(jié);skeletal muscle骨骼肌; process進程; spine脊柱;eminence 隆起;tuberosity 粗隆;tubercle結(jié)節(jié); crest 嵴;line 線;fossa 窩;fovea 凹;foveola;sulcus 溝;impression 壓跡; sinus 竇;antrum胃竇; cellules ;canal 管; meatus ;aperture 孔;foramen 孔;hiatus （裂縫）;capitulum （骨小頭）;condyle 髁;epicondyle髁;synovial joints 滑膜關(guān)節(jié);articularsurface 關(guān)節(jié)面/capsule 囊/cavity 腔;flexion曲/extension 伸;adduction 收/abduction展;rotation 回旋運動;pronation 旋前/supination旋后;inversion 內(nèi)翻/eversion 外翻;circumduction 環(huán)轉(zhuǎn);origin 起點;insertion 止點;fascia 筋膜; retinaculum ;synovialbursa 滑膜囊/sheath 腱鞘二、內(nèi)臟學(xué)、內(nèi)分泌學(xué)總論能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯：二、 內(nèi)臟學(xué)、內(nèi)分泌學(xué)總論alimentary tract 消化道 oral cavity 口腔 ;pharynx 咽 ;esophagus 食管;stomach胃;duodenum十二指腸;jejunum 空腸;vermiformlileum 回腸;cecum 盲腸;ascending colon升結(jié)腸 transverse colon橫結(jié)腸 descending colon

闌尾降結(jié)腸sigmoid colon乙狀結(jié)腸;rectum 直腸;anal canal肛管;digestiveglands消化腺;salivary glands唾液腺;parotidgland腮腺;submandibular gland頜下腺;sublingualgland舌下腺;liver 肝臟;pancreas 胰腺;respiratorytract呼吸道;nose鼻子;;pharynx 咽;larynx 喉;trachea 氣管;principal bronchi 主支氣管;lungs 肺;kidney 腎;ureter 輸尿管;urinarybladder 膀胱;urethra 尿道;testis 睪丸;ductusdeferens輸精管;ejaculatory duct射精管;prostate 前列腺;seminal vesicle 精囊;bulbourethralgland尿道球腺;penis 陰莖;scrotum陰囊;ovary卵巢;uterinetube輸卵管;uterus子宮;vagina陰道;pituitarygland垂體;pinealbody松果體;thyroidgland甲狀腺;adrenalgland腎上腺三、脈管學(xué)、感覺器、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)總論能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯：cardiovascularsystem心血管系統(tǒng);heart心臟;artery動脈;vein靜脈;capillary毛細血管;systemiccirculation體循環(huán);pulmonarycirculation肺循環(huán);lymphaticsystem淋巴系統(tǒng);lymphaticcapillary/vessel/trunk/duct毛細淋巴管/淋巴管/淋巴干/淋巴導(dǎo)管;tonsil扁桃體;lymphnode淋巴結(jié);thymus胸腺;spleen脾;centralnervoussystem中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng);spinalcord脊髓;brain大腦;peripheralnervoussystem周圍神經(jīng)系統(tǒng);spinalnerve脊神經(jīng);cervicalnerve頸神經(jīng);thoracicnerve胸神經(jīng);lumbarnerve腰神經(jīng);sacralnerve骶神經(jīng);coccygealnerve尾骨神經(jīng);cranialnerve腦神經(jīng);olfactorynerve嗅神經(jīng);opticnerve視神經(jīng);oculomotornerve動眼神經(jīng);trochlearnerve滑車神經(jīng);trigeminalnerve三叉神經(jīng);abducentnerve展神經(jīng);facialnerve面神經(jīng);vestibulocochlearnerve前庭蝸神經(jīng);glossopharyngealnerve舌咽神經(jīng);vagusnerve迷走神經(jīng);accessorynerve副神經(jīng);hypoglossalnerve舌下神經(jīng);somaticnerve軀體神經(jīng);visceralnerve內(nèi)臟神經(jīng);sympathetic/parasympatheticnerve交/副交感神經(jīng);visualapparatus視覺器官;vestibulocochlearorgan前庭蝸器四、下肢（一）下肢骨及其連結(jié)1hipbone髖骨2iliaccrest髂嵴3anteriorsuperioriliacspine髂前上棘4ischialspine坐骨棘5ischialtuberosity坐骨結(jié)節(jié) 6 pubic tubercle趾骨結(jié)節(jié)7acetabulum髖臼8femur股骨9femoralhead股骨頭10greatertrochanter大轉(zhuǎn)子11medial/lateralcondyle內(nèi)/外側(cè)踝12patella髕骨13tibia脛骨14tibialtuberosity脛骨粗隆15medial/lateralmalleolus

內(nèi)側(cè)/外踝16 fibula 腓骨 17 tarsal bones 跗骨 18 pubicsymphysis 恥骨聯(lián)合19obturator canal 閉孔頻道 20 pelvis骨盆 21hipjoint 髖關(guān)節(jié)22kneejoint 膝關(guān)節(jié) 23patellar ligament髕韌帶24fibular/tibialcollateral ligament 腓骨/脛骨韌帶25anterior /posterior cruciateligament 前/后交叉韌帶26medial/lateralmeniscus 內(nèi)側(cè)/外側(cè)半月板27ankle joint 踝關(guān)節(jié) 28greatersciaticforamen 更大坐骨神經(jīng)孔29lesser sciatic foramen 較低坐骨神經(jīng)孔 30terminal line 終端線（二）下肢前面淺層和股前內(nèi)側(cè)區(qū)能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯：great/smallsaphenous vein 大/小隱靜脈uperficialinguinal lymph nodes淺腹股溝淋巴結(jié);lateral femoral cutaneous nerve股外側(cè)皮神經(jīng); saphenous nerve隱神經(jīng);fascia lata闊筋膜; quadriceps femoris股四頭肌; iliopsoas 髂;adductor brevis 短收肌; adductor hiatus收肌腱裂孔； iliotibialtract 髂脛束；lacuna musculorum 肌腔隙 lacunavasorum 血管腔隙； femoral sheath 股鞘femoralcanal 股管 ； femoraltriangle 股三角；adductor canal 收肌管三）小腿前外側(cè)區(qū)和足背能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯： retinaculum 韌帶;anteriortibial artery 脛前動脈;deep/superficialperonealnerve深/腓淺神經(jīng);dorsal artery offoot背動脈足;commonperonealnerve腓總神經(jīng);;;;（四）下肢后面淺層，臀區(qū)和股后區(qū)能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯： sural nerve腓腸神經(jīng);gluteusmaximus 臀大肌;piriformis 梨狀肌;suprapiriform/infrapiriform foramen ————;superior /inferiorgluteal artery /nerve臀上/臀下動脈/神經(jīng);sciatic nerve坐骨神經(jīng);pudendal nerve陰部神經(jīng);internalpudendalartery 內(nèi)部陰部動脈;hamstring muscle腿筋肌肉（五）腘窩和小腿后區(qū)能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯： tibial nerve脛神經(jīng);poplitealartery腘動脈;triceps surae 小腿三頭;gastrocnemius腓腸肌;soleus 比目魚肌;posterior tibialartery脛后動脈;tibialis anterior 脛前;flexordigitorumlongus屈指長肌;flexor hallucislongus屈拇長?。籶oplitealfossa 腘窩；malleolar canal 踝管.六、上肢（一）上肢骨及其連結(jié)1clavicle 鎖骨 2 scapula 肩胛骨 3 acromion肩峰4coracoid process 喙突 5scapular notch肩胛切跡6humerus 肱骨 7greatertubercle 更大結(jié)節(jié)8radius 半徑9radial tuberosity 徑向結(jié)節(jié) 10ulna 尺骨11carpal bones 腕骨12scaphoid bone 手舟骨 13 pisiform bone 豌豆骨14shoulder joint 肩關(guān)節(jié)15elbow joint 肘關(guān)節(jié) 16humeroulnar joint 肱尺關(guān)節(jié)17humeroradialjoint 肱橈關(guān)節(jié) 18proximal radioulnarjoint 橈尺近側(cè)關(guān)節(jié)19wristjoint腕關(guān)節(jié)20coracoacromialarch喙拱21anatomicalneckandsurgicalneck解剖頸部和外科頸（二）臂、前臂前面淺層，胸前外側(cè)區(qū)和腋窩能夠閱讀理解下列專業(yè)英語詞匯：breast乳房;pectoralismajor胸大肌;axillary腋靜脈;thoracoacromialartery胸肩峰動脈;lateralthoracicartery胸外側(cè)動脈;subscapularartery肩胛下動脈;posteriorhumeralcircumflexartery旋肱后動脈;brachialplexus臂叢；medial/lateralpectoralnerve胸內(nèi)側(cè)神經(jīng);musculocutaneous[?m?skj?l??kju??te?n??s]nerve肌皮神經(jīng);mediannerve正中神經(jīng);radialnerve橈神經(jīng);ulnarnerve尺神經(jīng);cephalicvein頭靜脈;basilicvei