新概念英語第二冊筆記第67課

Lesson67Volcanoes火山[Text：]HarounTazieff,thePolishscientist,hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.In1948,hewenttoLakeKivuintheCongotoobserveanewvolcanowhichhelaternamedKituro.Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosetothevolcanowhileitwaseruptingviolently.Thoughhemanagedtotakeanumberofbrilliantphotographs,hecouldnotstaynearthevolcanoforverylong.Henoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowardshim.Itthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely,butTazieffmanagedtoescapejustintime.Hewaiteduntilthevolcanobecamequietandbewasabletoreturntwodayslater.Thistime,hemanagedtoclimbintothemouthofKiturosothathecouldtakephotographsandmeasuretemperatures.Tazieffhasoftenriskedhislifeinthisway.Hehasbeenabletotellusmoreaboutactivevolcanoesthananymanalive.【課文翻譯】波蘭科學家哈羅恩塔捷耶夫花了畢生的精力來研究世界各地的活火山和深洞。1948年他去了剛果的基伍湖，對一座后來被他命名為基圖羅的新火山進行觀察。當火山正在猛烈地噴發(fā)時，塔捷耶夫有辦法把帳篷搭在離它非常近的地方。盡管他設法拍了一些十分精彩的照片，但他卻不能在火山附近停留太長的時間。他發(fā)現有一股巖漿正向他流過來，眼看就要將他團團圍住，但塔捷耶夫還是設法及時逃離了。他等到火山平靜下來，兩天以后又返回去。這次他設法爬進了基圖羅火山口，以便能拍攝照片和測試溫度。塔捷耶夫經常冒這樣的生命危險。他能告訴我們的有關活火山的情況比任何在世的人都要多。Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語volcanon.火山activeadj.活動的Kivun.基伍湖Congon.剛果Kituron.基圖羅eruptv.(火山)噴發(fā)【生詞講解】1.volcanon.火山(volcanoes)anactivevolcano活火山adormantvolcano休眠火山anextinctvolcano死火山disaster災害naturaldisaster自然災害earthquake地震flood洪水violentlyadv.猛烈地，劇烈地managev.設法brilliantadj.精彩的liquid[5likwid]adj. 液態(tài)的；n.液體escapev.逃脫aliveadj.活著的typhoon臺風hurricane颶風storm風暴tornado龍卷風activeadj.1)活潑的，活躍的(inactive)anactivechildhaveanactivebrain頭腦靈活積極的，主動的（passive）takeanactivepartin積極參與活動中的，有效的，（軍隊中）現役的onactiveservice（軍隊中）服現役的主動的（語法）activevoice主動語態(tài)（passivevoice）activelyadv.主動地，積極地activityn.活動[c];活力[u]outdooractivities戶外活動clubactivities社團活動activistn.積極分子（指參與或支持激烈活動的人，尤指政治方面）eruptv.（火山）噴發(fā)eg.It'smanyyearssincethevolcanolasterupted.v.（比喻）突然發(fā)生eg.WhenIsawthesizeofthebill,Isimplyerupted.當我看到巨額賬單時，我簡直火冒三丈eruptionn.火山爆發(fā)；（醫(yī)學）出診violentlyadv.劇烈地，猛烈地violentadj.暴力的，（人）暴戾的eg.Hewasviolentwhenhegotdrunk.violentcriminals暴力犯罪帶有強烈情感的，由強烈情感引起的violentlanguage激烈的語言inaviolentshock萬分震驚eg.Hehasaviolentdislikeofschool.他極度的厭學厲害的，強烈的violentwind強風violentearthquakes強烈地震violenttoothache劇烈的牙疼violentlyadv.猛烈地eg.Thevolcanoeruptedviolently.violencen.暴力，狂熱，強烈的感情withviolence劇烈地managev.管理，經營manageacompany經營一家公司控制，照顧，駕馭manageahorse駕馭一匹馬manageachild照顧小孩manageone'smoney理財3)做成，應付-CanIhelpyou-No,thankyou.Icanmanageit.eg.Ican'tborrowthemoney,soIhavetomanagewithoutit.借不到錢，所以我只能應付一下4)產生，達到，設法做成...managetodosth設法成功地做成...eg.HemanagedtostealtheBenz.Hemanagedtogettoschoolintime.managementn.管理，經營manager經理brilliantadj.非常明亮的，光輝奪目的brilliantsunshine燦爛的陽光abrilliantdiamond耀眼的鉆石杰出的，非凡的，精彩的abrilliantscientist卓越的科學家brilliantachievements非凡的成就brilliantphotographs精彩的照片liquidn.液體eg.Theliquidwasred.Water,milkandoilareliquids.gas氣體solid固體adj.液態(tài)的，清澈的，透明的liquidfood流食liquidrock巖漿theliquidsky清澈的天空liquideyes明亮的眼睛escapev.逃脫，逃走escapefrom/outof從...逃走eg.Twoprisonersescapedfromtheprison.兩個囚犯越獄了escapefromthedanger避開危險逃避，脫離escape+n./doingescapepunishmentescapebeingpunished被人遺忘，逃過(人的)注意Hisnameescapedme.我忘了他的名字Thefactescapedmynotice.我沒有注意到這個事實n.逃走haveanarrowescape九死一生，幸免于難escapeen.逃脫者，(尤指)越獄者aliveadj.活著的(人、物)alive只能做表語，后置定語，賓補，不能做前置定語eg:Itisstillalive（主系表）allthosealive（后置定語）那些活著的人Let'skeepthefishalive.（賓補）--alive作賓語fish的補足語aliveandkicking（口）精神飽滿，活躍living活著的，主要作定語，也可作表語（指人、物）Myfirstteacherisstillliving.（表）livingthings生物（定）LeiFengliving（后定）theliving活著的人thedead過世的人live[laiv]adj.（定）放名詞前，指物eg.Haveyouseenalivewhale你見過活著的鯨魚嗎lively['laivli]adj.活潑的，活躍的，充滿生氣的（人、物）eg.Hisclassislivelyandinteresting.他的課生動活潑eg.Weallshouldhavealivelymind.我們都該有活躍的頭腦很多以a開頭的adj,被稱為表語形容詞。不能做前置定語:alive活著的asleep睡著了的alike相象的ahead前面的awake醒著的alone獨自的【課文講解】HarounTazieff,thePolishscientist,hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.thePolishscientist是主語HarounTazieff的同位語，解釋主語是個什么人Polishadj.波蘭的Polandn.波蘭Polen.波蘭人spend...(in)somewhere在某地花費時間、金錢eg.IspentamonthinSwitzerlandlastsummer.我去年夏天在瑞士待了一個月spend...onsth在某事上花費...eg:Hespendsaboutathirdofhissalaryonanewcar.他收入的三分之一都花在一輛新車上spendsometime(in)doingsth.eg:Shespendstoomuchtime(in)dressingherself.她花了太多的時間打扮自己lifetimen.畢生精力spendone'slifetimen…inallpartsoftheworld.世界各地thisworld今世thatworld黃泉everycountryoftheworld世界各國In1948,hewenttoLakeKivuintheCangotoobserveanewvolcanowhichhelaternamedKituro.toobserveanewvolcanotodo不定式作目的狀語，which引導定語從句修飾volcanoobserve(see,look,watch,read))v.觀察，觀測，Eg:ObservehowIdothis.注意看注意看我怎樣做(這件事))v.遵守<規(guī)則等>(obey)Eg:observethetrafficregulations遵守交通規(guī)則Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosetothevolcanowhileitwaseruptingviolently.setup豎立，架起；創(chuàng)立，建立Eg:Theysetupsomestonesaslandmarks．他們豎起一些石頭當地標。Eg:Hesetupacompanywhenhewasonly17.在他17歲的時候就創(chuàng)立了一家公司。closeto離很近，與靠近Eg:Heparkedthecarclosetotheriver.(near)Eg:Don’tsitsoclosetothefire.whileeruptingviolentlyThoughhemanagedtotakeanumberofbrilliantphotographs,hecouldnotstaynearthevolcanoforverylong.managedtodosth設法做成某事anumberof+pl.許多，大量agreatmany+pl.agoodmany+pl.manya+single[c]區(qū)別：thenumberof表示.?的數量后面要用isHenoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowardshim.noticethat+賓語從句注意到Eg:Whenhetookoffhishat,Inoticedthathewasverybald.notice/see/hear/watchsb.do/doingsth.Eg:Inoticedastrangemangoingtowardsme.我發(fā)覺一個陌生男人正向我走來。ariverofliquidrock.一股巖漿，暗喻的修辭手法，把巖漿比喻成河流ariverofsoilandstone泥石流Eg:RiversofbloodflowedduringWorldwarII.在二戰(zhàn)中，血流成河。Eg:Whensheheardthenews,ariveroftearscamedownherface.當她聽說了這個消息，眼淚如河水般從她臉上流下。Itthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely,butTazieffmanagedtoescapejustintime.threatento...迫近（尤指不好的事情），預示危險eg:Thecloudsthreatentorain.烏云預示要下雨了surroundv.包圍besurroundedwith/by被包圍justintime剛好，及時just恰好，正當justthen=justatthattime正好那時Justlook!用于祈使句以緩和語氣僅僅（only）Eg:Iwasjustachildthen.Eg:I'vecomeherejusttoseeyou.我來這里只是為了看你Hewaiteduntilthevolcanobecamequietandhewasabletoreturntwodayslater.wasableto表示成功做成某事wasabletoreturn成功的返回了Thistime,hemanagedtoclimbintothemouthofKiturosothathecouldtakephotographsandmeasuretemperatures.managedtoclimbinto成功爬進managetodosth.設法做到某事,努力完成某事（雖然很費勁，但仍然做到/完成某事）trytodosth.設法做某事，努力做某事（但并不一定成功）sothat以便于（目的狀語從句）eg:BringitnearersothatImayseeitbetter．拿近一些，好讓我看得更清楚些。eg:Hesavedhismoneysothathemightgoabroadinhissummerholiday他把錢積蓄起來，以便暑期能出國度假。climbinto/climboutofclimb+n.攀爬climbup爬上climbdown爬下themouthofKituro基圖羅火山口themouthofatunnel隧道口themouthofabottle瓶口frommouthtomouth人傳人地haveabigmouth嘴不嚴，說話無顧忌keepone'smouthshut守口如瓶measurev測量measuretemperature測量溫度measureapieceofland測量一塊地measurethespeedofacar測定車速temperature氣溫，溫度atalowtemperature在很低的溫度下takeone'stemperature測量體溫

have/runatemperature發(fā)燒Tazieffhasoftenriskedhislifeinthisway.riskv.冒險risk+n.以…作為賭注eg.Heriskedallhisfortuneforthenewenterprise.riskdoingsth冒險做某事eg.I'llriskbeingpunished.riskone'slife冒著生命危險eg:Sheriskedherownlifetohelpadisabledman.她冒著生命危險來幫助一個殘疾人takeariskof冒著的危險tsayanything.eg:Takingtheriskofbeingkilled,hestilldidntsayanything.冒著被殺害的危險他仍然什么也沒有說。riskdoingsth.冒著危險做eg:You'retakingabigriskshowingthistoKen.你把這個給Ken看太冒險了。n.危險atanyrisk無論冒什么危險runarisk冒險takeariskreducetheriskofsth減少...的危險Hehasbeenabletotellusmoreaboutactivevolcanoesthananymanalive.tellsbsth告訴某人某事eg:Canyoutellmeanythingaboutittellastory講故事eg:Pleasetellusastory.tellthetime報時eg:CanyoutellthetimeinEnglishtellthetruth說實話eg:Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.Tellalie說謊eg:Heoftentellsliestellasecret告訴一個秘密eg:Ifyoupromisenottotellanyone,I'lltellyouasecret.【關鍵詞組摘錄】manalivetodosth.uphiscampvolcanotemperatureshislifetimestudyingallpartsoftheworldriverofliquidrocktimemanalivetodosth.uphiscampvolcanotemperaturesone'slifeKeystructures1.manageto...的用法managedtodo/wasableto表示一個動作成功地完成了HewasabletoleaveEuropebeforethewarbeg