【2022】新人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)PAGE17頁(yè)17頁(yè)新人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Unit1 What’sthematter?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):haveastomachache haveacold liedowntakeone’stemperature haveafever gotoadoctortoone’ssurprise agreeto(dosth.) getintobeusedto takerisks runout(of)cutoff getoutof beincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.） giveup語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：What’sthematter(withyou)?此句用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)別人的病情。類(lèi)似的句子還有：What’swrongwithyou?/What’sthetrouble?matter作動(dòng)詞用，意為“要緊”“有關(guān)系”，主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。Whatdoesitmatter? Itdoesn’tmatter.【例題】Doesit ifwecan’tfinishittoday?mind B.minds C.matter D.mattersIhaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+名詞”.haveacold haveafever haveasorebackhaveastomachache haveacough【例題】( )Doesheoftenhave cold? Yes.Healso acoughandathroat.a;has B./;has C.a;have D./;3.Liedownandrest!躺下休息liedown躺下單詞詞義過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說(shuō)謊liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlyingThat’sprobablywhy.那可能就是原因。probably意為“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一種近乎肯定的意思。hurtv.使受傷；傷害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.他摔傷的時(shí)候傷了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他沒(méi)有請(qǐng)我參加聚會(huì)使我很傷心。Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWang公交車(chē)司機(jī)，24歲的王平……year-old是用連字符連接數(shù)字和名詞所構(gòu)成的一個(gè)形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“24歲的”。（名詞必須用單數(shù)，常用在名詞前做定語(yǔ)）【例題】A girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.A.three-year-old B.three-years-old C.Threeyearsoldexpectvt.期待；預(yù)期；期盼expect的常見(jiàn)用法:expect+expect+名詞/代詞expecttodosth.expectsb.todosth.Theoldmanisexpectinghisdaughter’svisit.Iexpecttogetabirthdaypresentfrommydad.DoyouexpecthimtoteachyouEnglish?expect+從句 Iexpectthatyouwillgettheresoon.【辨析】expect與lookforwardto兩者都有期待的意思lookforwardtodoingsth.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃驚的是……toone’ssurprise表示“令人驚奇的是……”，相當(dāng)于“主語(yǔ)+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.令他驚奇的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)女孩是個(gè)盲人。【拓展】insurprise表示“驚奇的”，相當(dāng)于副詞性短語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.那兩個(gè)女孩驚奇地互相看著。besurprisedat表示“對(duì)……感到驚訝”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，我們很詫異。surprising表示“使人驚奇的”，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是事物。Theydon’twantanytrouble.他們不想惹麻煩。trouble用作名詞，意為“煩惱，困難，麻煩，疾病等”Hislifeisfulloftrouble.他的生活充滿了煩惱。What’sthetrouble?怎么了？②trouble用作動(dòng)詞，意為“麻煩，打擾”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打擾你?！就卣埂颗ctrouble相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)introuble處于困境中 getintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難【例題】-HowisyourEnglishstudy? -Notbad.ButI learningEnglishgrammar.A.aminterested B.amgoodat C.havealittletrouble D.havenotrouble辨析usedtodosth. 與 beusedtosth./doingsth.↓ ↓過(guò)去常常…… 習(xí)慣于某事/做某事Weusedtodrawpicturesbadly.Youwillgetusedtotheweatherhere.Intheend,Igotusedtodoinghardwork.辨析runoutrunoutof人+runoutof Theyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） Themoneyisrunningout.【例題】選出能代替句中畫(huà)線部分的一項(xiàng)( )YesterdayIusedupallthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateup B.runoutof C.ranof D.ranoutofmakedecisions=makeadecision作出決定decision為decide的名詞形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.beincontrolof 管理；控制Ateachershouldbeincontrolofhisclass.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法shouldshouldnot,should提前。should常用于以下兩種情況：①提出建議Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.②表推測(cè)，意為“該，按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.Unit2 I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):cleanup byoneself cheerupputoff giveout putonusedto giveaway takeaftersetup makeadifference carecomeupwith語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：giveout分發(fā)，發(fā)放【拓展】give構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)還有：giveaway贈(zèng)給，贈(zèng)送 givein屈服，投降giveup放棄 giveoff發(fā)出（氣味、光、熱等）comeupwith提出，想出表示“想出或提出”thinkIthinkshecancomeupwithagoodcomeupwith還可表示“趕上”,catchupWeshouldstudyhardtocomeupwiththem【例題】( )Wemust aplantoimproveyourmath.A.pickup B.catchupwith C.comeupwith D.makeupI’vrunoutofit.我已經(jīng)把它用完了。runoutof表示“用完，用光”，其主語(yǔ)一般是人?！就卣埂縭unoutof還可表示“從……跑出來(lái)”。Billranoutoftheroom. Bill從房間里跑出來(lái)。run構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)還有runaway逃走 runafter追趕runintodifficulties遇到困難【例題】( )Whenyourmoney ,pleasecometomeforsome.A.runsoutof B.runsout C.isrunningoutof D.isrunoutItakeaftermy我長(zhǎng)得像我媽媽?！颈嫖觥縯akeafterlookliketakeafter意為“長(zhǎng)得像，行為、性格等像”,Theboytakesafterhisfather.這個(gè)男孩長(zhǎng)得像他爸爸。looklike可以用于所有場(chǎng)合，既可指人也可指物，僅指外表看上去像。Themanlookslikeourteacher.這個(gè)男的看起來(lái)像我們的老師。Therainbowlookslikeabridge. 彩虹看上去像一座橋。【拓展】take構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)takeup takeoff takeplacetakeone’stime takecare【例題】( )-You’vereallybeautifulblondhair. -Thankyou.I mymother.A.lookafter B.takeafter C.takefrom D.lookforsetup創(chuàng)辦，建立setupstart,establish同義They’vesetupacompany.他們創(chuàng)辦了一家公司。set相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)還有：setout動(dòng)身，開(kāi)始（做某事）setoff出發(fā)，引起，激發(fā)Youhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohavelucky. 對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有Lucky.it是形式賓語(yǔ)Youmadeitpossibleformetocatchupwithothers.你讓我有可能趕上其他人?！纠}】( )Hefound hardtogotosleepwiththelighton.A.it B.that C.he D.himLuckymakesabigdifferencetomylife. Lucky對(duì)我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。makeabigdifference意為“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生很大的影響”，difference在此為“影響”的意思?！纠}】( )Theheavysnowdidn’t theinternationalairlines.A.payattentionto B.addto C.makeadifferenceto D.keeptoimaginev.想象，假想；以為，認(rèn)為imagine想象）→imagination（n.想象）imaginative(adj.富于想象力的）9.help...out幫……克服困難，幫……分擔(dān)工作Theteacheroftenhelpshisstudentsout.那位老師經(jīng)常幫他的學(xué)生解決問(wèn)題。beexcitedabout...對(duì)……興奮I’mexcitedaboutthegameofLiNa.我對(duì)李娜的比賽感到興奮。exciting修飾物重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：動(dòng)詞+介詞這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)主要有：agreewith,askfor,arriveat,hearof,lookat,takeafter,listento這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。I’mlookingformypen. Don’tlaughatthepoorman.動(dòng)詞+副詞這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：findout,giveout,lookup,puton,turnon/off,wakeup,workout等。副詞前面。Pleasepickupthepen.=Pleasepickthepenup.Ittookhimtwohourstoworkitout.動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：havealookat,makefriendswith,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto等。在這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，賓語(yǔ)都放在介詞之后。Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：beangrywith,bebusywith,begoodfor,bedifferentfrom,beinterestedin,begoodat等?！纠}】(1)( )Whenyoudon’tknowaword,youcan inthedictionary.A.lookitup B.setitup C.giveitup D.pickitup( )Wewillhavedinnerattherestaurant,whichisfamous itsseafood.A.of B.to C.for D.asUnit3 Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?takeouttherubbishmakethebedallthetimetakeouttherubbishmakethebedallthetimeborrowsomemoneyhelpwithhouseworkhangoutwith...awasteoftimeinordertoas...as...takecareofasaresultinsurprisedothedishes語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：workon從事于；著手干Thewriterisworkingonanewbook.那位作家正在寫(xiě)一本新書(shū)。Sheisgoingtoworkonherphysicsproject.她打算從事她的物理項(xiàng)目?！纠}】( )Thescientistsare inventingsomemethodsofproducingelectricity.workingon B.workingout C.workingat D.workingforatleast至少atleast atmost,意為“至多，最多”。Hekeptmewaitingatleastanhour.Therewerefiftypeoplethereatmost.allthetime一直；總是Thingsarechangingallthetime.事情一直在變化?！就卣埂縯ime相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí) atthesametime同時(shí) intime及時(shí)Fromtimetotime偶爾 thefirsttime第一次【例題】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項(xiàng)。( )IalwaysgoshoppingonFriday.allthetime B.allthesame C.allalong D.allthewayI’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累。as...as意為“和……一樣”,表示同級(jí)比較。as...as中間要用形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。Thisstoryisasinterestingasthatone.notas/so...as,意為“不如……”。Thegardenisnotsobeautifulasyouthought.【例題】( )HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursenot apersonborninFrance.asclearas B.clearerthan C.asclearlyas D.themoreclearlyForoneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.務(wù)。so,neither倒裝句型So+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Neither+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面所說(shuō)的情況，后面某人（物）也是這樣。助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在形式上與前句的謂語(yǔ)保持一致，而其單復(fù)形式由后句的主語(yǔ)決定。So依附于肯定句，neither依附于否定句。BillwatchedTVlastnight.SodidAnn.Lilyisn’tateacher.NeitherisMary.【例題】( )-Ineverdrinkcoffee. - .SodoI B.SodidI C.NeitherdidI D.NeitherdoIborrowlendborrowsth.fromsb.向某人借（入）某物lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.把某物借給某人【注】borrow,lend都是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如果要表示“借多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”要用keep?！纠}】( )Althoughyoulikethebook,youmayonly itfortwoweeks.borrow B.keep C.lend D.stayspendv.花費(fèi)（金錢(qián)；時(shí)間）spend+錢(qián)/時(shí)間+onsth. 在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)spend+時(shí)間+(in)doingsth.花時(shí)間做某事【例題】( )YangFeng everySaturdayafternoonvolunteeringinanoldpeople’shome.costs B.takes C.pays D.spendsprovidev.提供；給予providesth. Therestaurantprovidethebestvidesb.withsth. Theparentsprovidethechildrenwithfoodandprovidesth.forsb. Theschoolsprovidedesksandchairsforthestudents.【例題】( )Toprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t freeplasticbagstoshoppers.A.take B.show C.provide D.carry10.dependon依靠；依賴(lài)；相信dependon為固定短語(yǔ)，不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也不可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Asweknow,goodresultsdependonhardwork.Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.的將來(lái)就越好。the+比較級(jí)...，the+比較級(jí)... “越……就越……”Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.【例題】( )-Therewasthickhaze(霧霾)inourcitythisspring.Whatdoyouthinkofit？-Ithink carswedrive, pollutionourcitywillhave.thefewer;thefewer B.thefewer;thelessC.Themore;thefewer D.themore;thelessinorderto的用法inorderto意為“為了……”Inordertoletthestudentshearhim,hespokeloudly.Wehavetostudyhardinordertopasstheexam.Inordernottobelateforschool,shetookataxi.inordertosothatinorderthat引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。Sheranquicklyinordertocatchthebus.Sheranquicklyinorderthatshecouldcatchthebus.Sheranquicklysothatshecouldcatchthebus.asaresult的用法asaresult用于引出結(jié)果，常用于兩個(gè)句子之間，其中一個(gè)是另一個(gè)的結(jié)果，且前后用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)將兩個(gè)句子隔開(kāi)，意為“結(jié)果是”。Hedidn’tlistencarefully.Asaresult,hecouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.【注】asaresultof的意思是“由于，因?yàn)椤眀ecauseof。Peterwaslateasaresultoftheheavyrain.=Peterwaslatebecauseoftheheavyrain.【例題】( )Theboystudiedhard. ,hepassedtheexam.Iafact B.Ontime C.Afterall D.AsaresultUnit4 Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):lookthroughworkoutgetonwithcutoutcompare...withinone’sopinionabigdealsothatgetintoafightcommunicatewithinsteadofnot...until...callsb.up語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?Whydon’tyoudosth.=Whynotdosth.“為什么不……?”【拓展】提出建議的句型①What/Howaboutdoingsth.?做某事怎么樣？②Shallwedosth.? 我們做某事好嗎？③You’dbetter(not)dosth.你最好（不）做某事。④Whydon’tyoudosth. 為什么不做某事呢？⑤Wouldyouminddoingsth.?你介意做某事嗎？allowv.允許，許可①allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事“Myparentsallowmetoplaycomputergameonweekends.allowdoingsth. “允許做某事”Shedoesn’tallowsmokinginherhouse.③allow+名詞Wecan’tallowsuchathing.【例題】( )Doyouoftenallow until11:00p.m.tostayup B.stayup C.stayingup D.andstayupworkout產(chǎn)生……效果，進(jìn)展……Thingsworkedoutquitewellforus.對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，事情進(jìn)展很好。Heworkedoutthemathsproblem.他算出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。Canyouworkouttheproblemalone?你一個(gè)人能把問(wèn)題搞清楚嗎？communicatev.交流信息；溝通Ican’tcommunicatewiththematthemoment.此刻我無(wú)法同他們進(jìn)行交流。communicationn.交流Peoplecan’tgetonwellwitheachotherwithoutcommunication.沒(méi)有交流，人們就無(wú)法相處得好?！纠}】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項(xiàng)。( )Peoplechoosetokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsbye-mail.write B.read C.agree D.communicatearguevi.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵arguewithsb.與某人爭(zhēng)論Don’targuewithyourparents.不要和你的父母爭(zhēng)論。argue的名詞形式是“argument”,haveanargumentwithsb.與某人辯論。Alicehandanargumentwithherbestfriend.【例題】( )Ineverargue myparents.in B.to C.for D.withinsteadadv.代替，頂替Ifyouarebusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.【辨析】insteadinsteadofinsteadinsteadinsteadof副詞 舍前取后，可單獨(dú)使用，位于句首或句末。介詞短語(yǔ)舍后取前，后面常跟名詞，代詞及動(dòng)詞ing。Hedidn’tanswer.Heaskedhisfatherinstead.Weeatriceinsteadofnoodles.【例題】( )Whataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing watchingTVinthehotel.becauseof B.insteadof C.togetherwith D.outofferv.提供；提出；建議offer做“提供”講時(shí)，可接雙賓語(yǔ)。offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth. 向某人提供某物Thewaitressofferedacupofteatotheman.=Thewaitressofferedthemanacupoftea.offer還有“提出，建議”Theoldmanofferedtolendtheboysomemoney.【例題】( )Thelittleboy hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.lent B.offered C.took D.broughtApare作動(dòng)詞，意為“比較，和……相比”。compare...with... 把……同……相比較Parentsshouldn’talwayscomparetheirchildrenwithothers.父母?jìng)儾辉摽偸前炎约旱暮⒆油瑒e人相比較。compare...to...把……比作……Peopleoftencomparethelifetoastage.人們常把生活比作一個(gè)舞臺(tái)。【例題】( )Myhandwritingcannotbecompared myfather’s.to B.with C.on D.forMycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.return意為“歸還”，其后可接雙賓語(yǔ)returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.Don’tforgettoreturnmethekeys.return還有“返回”goback,toHereturnedtoShanghaiaweekago.【例題】①那本書(shū)你還給圖書(shū)館了嗎？Didyou thebook thelibrary?②( )Idon’tknowwhenwewill HongKong.A.returnback B.returnto C.returnbackto D.returnUnit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?gooffpickupfallasleepgooffpickupfallasleepdiedownmakeone’swayinsilencetakedownatfirstwaitforinamesstherestofhavemeaningtobasketballcompetitionaswellmakesure語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：while當(dāng)……的時(shí)候while句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生。WhileIwaswatchingsomeoneknockedatthewhen意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”，動(dòng)作有一前一后的意思。WhenIpassedthatroomIheardsomeonesinging.while作連詞時(shí)也可理解為“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。Ilikeappleswhilemysisterdoesn’t.【例題】( )Tomlikesreadinganewspaper heishavingbreakfast.until B.while C.because D.though( )Marywastalkingonthephone someoneknockedatthedoor.A.while B.before C.when D.aftermakesure查明；確信①makesureofsth.②makesuretodosth.③makesurethat+從句【例題】( )ReadyourEnglishpaperagainand thereisnomistakeinitbeforeyouhanditin.makesure B.turnup C.comeout D.lookforIgottothebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.get意為“到達(dá)”toHowcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?表示“到達(dá)”的三種形式：arrive意為到達(dá)at+小地點(diǎn)arrive in+大地點(diǎn)getto后接地點(diǎn)名詞。Hegottoschoolat7:00thismorning.reach意為“到達(dá)”WhendidyoureachAmerica?【例題】( )Pleasewritetomeassoonasyou yourschool.getto B.reachto C.arrive D.come( )-Whendidyouraunt inShandong? -Yesterdayafternoon.A.reach B.get C.arrive D.comePeopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.hear動(dòng)詞,意為“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：hearsb.dosth. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事hearsb.doingsth. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事③hearof/aboutsb./sth.聽(tīng)說(shuō)某人或某事hearfromsb. 收到某人的來(lái)信⑤hear+that從句聽(tīng)說(shuō)……【例題】( )Tomlikesto othersbutheneverwritestothem.hear B.hearof C.hearabout D.hear( )-Whendidyou thenews? -Justnow.A.hearabout B.hearfrom C.heard D.hearingIplayedthesongwithoutanymistakes.without介詞,意為“無(wú)；沒(méi)有”，其反義詞為with,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing。Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Hewenttoworkwithouthavingbreakfast.【例題】她沒(méi)敲門(mén)就進(jìn)了房間。Sheenteredtheroom atthedoor.你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎？Canyouseeclearly your Unit6 Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):alittlebit insteadof oonceuponatime fallinlove getmarriedassoonas insteadof givebirthtobeborn o語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：2.try的用法①trytodosth. 盡力做某事 HeistryingtolearnEnglish.②trydoingsth. 試著做某事 Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.③tryone’sbest 盡力 I’lltrymybesttohelphim.④tryon 試穿 Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson?2.remindvt.使想起，提醒①remindsb.of/aboutsth.使某人想起某事 Thesongremindmeofmychildhood.②remindsb.todosth. 提醒某人做某事 Peterremindedhertoattendthemeetingontime.Whatdoyouthinkof...? 你認(rèn)為……怎么樣？Whatdoyouthinkof...?=Howdoyoulike...?注：think后接動(dòng)名詞，like后接帶to的不定式如：Whatdoyouthinkofgoingclimbingtomorrow?=Howdoyouliketogoclimbingtomorrow? 你認(rèn)為明天去爬山怎么樣？【例題】( )- doyouthinkofthefootballmatch?-It’sperfect.It’smoreexcitingthan matchthatIhaveeverwatched.A.How;anyother B.How;anyothersC.What;anyother D.What;anyothersNeitherofyouiswrong.你們兩個(gè)都沒(méi)錯(cuò)。neither兩者都不；也不e.g.Neitheroftheideasisgood.Ilikeneithersubject.neither作連詞，表示“既不……也不……”，連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要遵循就近原則。e.g.Neitheryounorheisinthisteam.NeitherhenorIamateacher.【例題】( )-Whichdoyouprefer,aCDplayerorawalkman?- .Ipreferacomputer.A.Both B.Either C.None D.Neitherunless的用法unless的意思是“除非，如果不”ifnot,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g.Youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyougetupearly.Wewon’tgotothecinematomorrowunlessmymotherdoes.【例題】( )Wecan’tbesuccessful wekeepworkinghard.A.if B.unless C.because D.whenso...that...如此……以至于……so...that...可以轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句，要用too...to...或not...enoughto...句型時(shí)，not后要用原句中的形容詞或副詞的反義詞。Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tlookafterherself.=Sheistooyoungtolookafterherself.=Sheisnotoldenoughtolookafterherself.【例題】( )-Youstudy hard you’resuretopasstheexam.-Thankyouforsayingso.enough;to B.as;as C.so;thatassoonas一……就……assoonas為連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“主將從現(xiàn)”。e.g.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonasshereturnshome.I’llringyouupassoonasIgottoSanya.【例題】( )-WillyoupleasegivethedictionarytoJane?-Sure.I’llgiveittoher shearriveshere.A.before B.until C.because D.assoonasthewholefamily全家whole的用法①作形容詞，意為“全部的；完整的”。thewholenight整夜 inthewholeworld全世界②作名詞，意為“全部，全體，整個(gè)”。asawhole作為整體 thewholeofChina整個(gè)中國(guó)【辨析】whole與allwholeallallthetime/thewholetime整個(gè)時(shí)間allmylife/mywholelife我的一生alltheclass/thewholeclass整個(gè)班級(jí)【例題】( )Alisonhasbeenskatingfor twohours.theall B.wholethe C.thewhole D.allofbemadeof與bemadefrom由……制成①bemadeof表示制成成品后，仍可以看出原材料Thedesksaremadeofwood.②bemadefrom 看不出原材料，屬于化學(xué)變化Paperismadeofwood.【例題】( )Thispairofshoes byhand,andit verycomfortable.ismadefrom;isfelt B.aremadeof;feels C.ismadeby;feelsUnit7 What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):feelfree asfarasIknow inthefaceofeventhough atbirth walkintofallover orso takeinmanytimes endangeredanimals achieveone’sdream語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：3.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的特殊句型①“get/become+形容詞比較級(jí)+and+ 形容詞比較級(jí)”表示“變得越來(lái)越……”，當(dāng)形容詞為音節(jié)詞（少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞）時(shí)，用“moreandmore+原級(jí)”。Itgetswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.②“the+形容詞比較級(jí)……，the+形容詞比較級(jí)……”意為“越……就越……”。Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.“oneofthe最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……之一”。ChengduisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.Thisis/was+the最高級(jí)+名詞+thatThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.三級(jí)句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換①形容詞比較級(jí)+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞Thisbookismoredifficultthananyotherbookhere.=Thisbookisthemostdifficultofall.形容詞比較級(jí)+thantheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Billistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.②同級(jí)比較用as...as...,否定式為notas/so...as...Heisastallashisfather.Heisnotastallashisfather.③“more+形容詞”與“l(fā)ess+形容詞”及“notso/as...as”的互換。Thisquestionismoredifficultthanthatone.=Thatquestionislessdifficultthanthisone.=Thatquestionisn’tsodifficultasthisone.2.數(shù)量的表達(dá)+be+數(shù)詞形容詞（長(zhǎng)、寬、高、深……。Theboyis1.7meterstall.Thisbuildingis90metershigh.Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld.①population是集體名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thepopulationoftheschoolis500.②指人口多少時(shí)，一般用large或small來(lái)表示。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.提問(wèn)“有多少人口”whathowlarge,howmany。What’sthepopulationofChina?succeedv.成功，做到succeedin連用，succeedindoingsth.(成功做某事Didyousucceedinbookingtheticket?successn.成功Workinghardcanleadtosuccess.successful用作形容詞，意思是“成功的”。Lindaisasuccessfuldancerandshedanceswell.【例題】( )-Dearfriends,pleasereadeverysentencecarefully.Detailsdecide ornot.A.success B.successful C.succeedThiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.twice,三倍（及以上）用“基數(shù)詞+times”。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)：A+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+BThisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.【例題】( )Thecartravels thetrain.A.twotimeasfastas B.twotimesasfastas C.twotimeasfasterasWtect保護(hù)、保衛(wèi)protect...from...“保護(hù)……免受……的侵害”Everyoneshouldprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.Unit8 HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):fullofhurryupsciencefictioncountrymusiceversinceoneanotherbelongtofinishdoingsth.fightovermillionsof語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法：①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Ihavepostedthephotos.我已經(jīng)把這些照片郵寄了。②表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作及狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。HehasstudiedEnglishforthreeyears.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成及其變化構(gòu)成have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。其中have/has為助動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，可縮寫(xiě)。Mikehas=Mike’s theyhave=they’ve現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already,just,ever,yet,fortwoyears,since1995,sofar,inthelastfewyears【例題】( )-Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary?-Yes.I itforthreedays.I’llreturnitthisafternoon.A.borrowed B.kept C.haveborrowed D.have( )-Hello,mayIspeaktoMiss.Wang?-Sorry,sheisn’tin.She theoffice.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.hasbeen( )-I’vegotthefinalHarryPotterbook.-Youwillloveit.I ittwicealready.A.amreading B.haveread C.wasreading D.willread3.I’vealreadyfinishedreadingfinishdoingsth.完成做某事Theyfinisheddoingtheworklastweek.Whoelseisonmyisland?else意為“其他的”主要用在疑問(wèn)詞who,whose,what,where,when及不定代詞somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,anyone,something,anything,nothing后面。-Whatelsedoyouwant? -Nothingother也作“其他的”講，但用法不同other是形容詞，修飾名詞，并放在名詞前Whenaretheotherboysarrive?另外other還可修飾代詞one或one’s。Thisstoryismoreinterestingthantheotherone.【例題】用else或other填空。WhatWhereare

canyouseeinthepicture?boys?Givemethe pencil,notthisone.Whom wouldyoudoitwith?...butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup. ……belongto意為“屬于”，后接賓語(yǔ)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Thisbookbelongstome,butthatonebelongstoMary.Thenewpenbelongstome.ThehonorbelongstoTom.Sarahhasn’tbeentoNashvilleyet.havebeento...去過(guò)……【辨析】havebeento與havegonetohavebeento+地名，表示“某人曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那個(gè)地方了（回來(lái)了。havegoneto表示“已經(jīng)去了某地”，還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，可能在那里或在途中。不能與段時(shí)間連用。Johnisn’there.Wherehashegone?HehasbeentomanyplacessincehecametoChina.【例題】( )Anumberoftourists Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.A.havebeento B.hasbeento C.hasgoneto D.havegonetoHowdoesitmakethemfeel?maketomakesb.dosth.Mymotheroftenmakesmecleantheroom.make后跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的類(lèi)型①make+賓語(yǔ)+名詞Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.②make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞Whathedidmakeshismotherhappy.③make+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞Canyoumakeyourselfunderstood?Haveyouintroducedthissingertointroducesb.tosb.把某人介紹給某人introduceoneself做自我介紹Unit9 Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):thousandsof putup takethesubwayontheonehand...ontheotherhand... encouragesb.todosth.haveproblemdoingsth. practicedoingsth.closeto duringthedaytime allyearround語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：Meneither.我也沒(méi)（去過(guò)。Meneither=NeitherhaveI.-Ican’tswim. -Meneither./NeithercanI.【例題】( )-Ihaven’tbeentoSanya,howaboutyou? - .A.Metoo. B.Meneither. C.Mealso. D.Mehaven’t.( )-DidyouseePeterandMike?-No,Isaw ofthem.A.neither B.either C.both NeitherhenorI (am/is)astudent.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.encourage鼓勵(lì)encouragesb.(todosth.)【例題】( )-Theteachersalwaysencouragehim hard.A.study B.studies C.tostudy D.studyingMaybeyoufearthatyouwon’tbeabletofindanythinggoodtoeatwhenyoutravel.fear害怕；懼怕fear的不同用法①feartodosth. Thegirlsfeartogooutatnight.②fearforsb./sth. Policefearforthelostchildren.③fearthat+從句【例題】(1)我們擔(dān)心我們會(huì)在森林里迷路。We wewillgetlostintheforest(2)Somestudentsfear (speak)infrontoftheclass.WhetheryoulikeIndianfood,WesternfoodorJapanesefood,you’llfinditallinSingapore.whether用作連詞，意為不管……（還是；或者……（或者）常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：whether...or...Whetheritiseasyoritisdifficult,wewon’tgiveup.5.unusualadj.不同尋常的，罕見(jiàn)的前綴un-表否定的意思有“不，未，無(wú)”之意。unhappy不開(kāi)心的 unkind冷酷的 untidy不整潔unbelievable令人難以置信的 unknown不出名的Ontheonehand,morethanthreequartersofthepopulationareChinese...threequarters是分?jǐn)?shù)，意為“四分之三”。quarter有“一刻鐘，四分之一”的含義。在英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；如分子大于1，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式3/5 threefi