2021-2022學(xué)年山東省煙臺(tái)市高二（下）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省煙臺(tái)市高二（下）期末英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）ADavidShepherdWildlifeFoundation（DSWF）isdelightedtowelcomefaithfulsupportersandnewfriendstojoinusatourannualWildlifeBalltocelebratethenaturalworldandconservation.HostedbythegrandDorchesterHotelinLondon,theDSWFWildlifeBallwilltakeplaceonthe27thJuly2022wherewe'llbringthewildernesstolifewithourveryownSundownSafari（觀賞之旅）.Joinablack-tiegastronomical（美食）safariAspartofablack-tiegastronomicalsafari,guestswillbetreatedtoamouth-wateringthree-coursemeal,enjoyworld-classentertainmentandlistentoinsightfulandinspiringspeechesaboutDSWF'sconservationworktoturnthetablesonextinction.TheDSWFWildlifeBallhelpsraisevitalfundsandawarenessforouressentialwork,protectingendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitatsacrosstheworld.Afterayearawayweareexcitedtobewelcomingyoubackandlookforwardtobeingyourguidesatwhatpromisestobeanighttorememberinsupportofwildlife.Lastyear,thevirtualWildlifeBallraisedover￡80.0000forDSWFsvitalconservationeffortsacrossAfricaandAsia,despitenotbeingabletocelebrateinperson.WearereallyexcitedtoinviteyoubacktotheDorchesterHoteLwhoareourgeneroushosts,andtogetheraimtocelebratewildlifeandthewildernessinstyleandtoraisevitalfundstohelpinthefightforagreenerfuture.BookticketstotheWildlifeBall2022Bookticketsorregisteryourinteresttodaytoavoiddisappointment.Eitherbyemailingtheteamatwildlifeball@orbycallingtheDSWFofficeon01483272323.IndividualTickets：￡200（Childrenunder12get40%off）VIPpackagesareavailableonrequest.WhatdowelearnaboutWildlifeBall2022?Ifllbeheldinthewild.Ifllofferguestsadeliciousmeal.Illallowgueststowatchballgames.IfllbefollowedbyaguidedtourofLondon.What,sthemainpurposeofhostingWildlifeBall2022?A.Toentertainsponsors. B.Toestablishreputation.C.Toobtainfinancialsupport. D.Tointeractwithwildanimals.What'stheadmissionfeefbracouplewiththeirten-year-oldtwins?A.￡440. B.￡520. C.￡560. D.￡640.BAtGirlsBuildsummercampinOregon,girlsarelearninghowtousepowertoolslikesawsanddrills.Thecampisfilledwithconstructionexcitement.Wearinghardhatsandtoolbelts（腰帶）wrappedtwicearoundtheirtinywaists,girlsareworkingoneverythingfrompouringconcreteplanterstocoveringtheroofofasandbox.Witheveryprojecttheyturnapileofrawmaterialintoanactualstructure.Hughes,thecamp*sdirector,saysthegirlscanproduceprofessional-qualityproducts.Sheisacarpenter（木匠）withadegreeinsocialwork.Whileshe'dliketoseemorewomeninthetradeandthegender（性別）imbalanceevenout,shesaysmorethananyfuturecareer,ifsasenseofmasteryandfearlessnesstheinstructorsaretryingtopassalongtothekids."Ifsomethingbreaks,!wantthemtohavetheconfidencetoopenthatup,“Hughessays.MIt'sourmissionandobjectivetoinspirecuriosityandconfidenceingirlsthroughtheworldofbuilding.*'Alifanz,whosenther8-year-oldtwinstoGirlsBuild,says,"There'snotnothingtheycan'tdo,butthere*snothingtheycan'ttry.Andthat'salotforthemtotakeawayinaweek."Knowledgelikethatchangeshowtheyseetheworldbuiltaroundthemandtheyshowappreciationoftheactualeffortthatgoesintomakingtheworldwork.Butotherparentsasktheobviousquestion一ispairingpre-tweensandpowertoolsagoodidea?HughesstressesGirlsBuildisveryconcernedwithsafety,andinstructorsconsidergirls'ageswhenpairingthemwithtools.9-year-oldAleeyahtakesprideinmasteringthesepracticalskillsmanyadultsarelacking.nIlikeitwhenyoucanbeyourownself,anditbringsoutwhoyoureallyare/'saysAleeyah.Thesegirlsarelearningmanythingscanbebuilt,takenapart,andputbacktogether.Theydon*thavetofitthemselvesintothedesignedworld-theycanbuildaworldthatfitsthem.Andthatknowledgeisaprettypowerfultooltohaveintheirbelts.Whyaregirlstaughthands-onbuildingskillsinthecamp?Toenhancegirls'socialposition.Toboostgirls*faithintheircapacity.Tostimulategirls1interestinwoodwork.Topreparegirlsforconstruction-relatedjobs.Whatisthemajorconcernofsomeparentsaboutthecamp?A.Service. B.Expense.C.Security.D.Discipline.Whatisthemessageconveyedinthelastparagraph?Knowledgeispower.Itsnevertoolatetomend.There'snosuchthingasafreelunch.Onemustfirstsharpenone'stoolstodogoodwork.Whatisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Afictionalnovel. B.Acareerguidebook.C.Aprojecthandbook. D.Apopularmagazine.cRecently,ateamofyoungresearchersinPanamahasfoundaspecialantspeciesthatrapidlyrepairsanydamagetoitshosttee.Theeventsleadingtothediscoverybeganinmid-2020,whenAlexandhisfriendswouldkilltimebyshootingclayballsattreeswithaslingshot（彈弓）.TheytargetedthethinCecropiatreestomakethetaskmorechallenging.Thingswentwelluntiloneclayballaccidentallyhitatreetrunk,leavingacleanexitandentrywound.Concernedthathehadcausedpermanentdamage,Alexwentbacktoexaminethetreethefollowingmorning,accompaniedbyhisfatherWilliam,anentomologist（昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)家）attheSmithsonianTropicalResearchInstitute（STRI）.Totheirsurprise,theholehadbeencompletelymended!Curioustofindoutwhatwasgoingon,AlexandhisfriendsenlistedintheSTRFsvolunteerprogram.Theteens,asinstructed,drilledholesintheCecropiatreesandthencarefullydocumentedwhatfollowed.Theyoungscientistsfoundthatin14ofthe22cases,groupsofAztecaalfariantsimmediatelygatheredinthedamagedareaandinstantlygottoworkwithoutabreak.Theinsects,usingmaterialfromthetees,significantlyreducedthesizeoftheholesoon.Inmostcases,thegapwascompletelyfilledupwithin24hours.Thesand-coloredinsects*harmoniousrelationshipwiththeCecropiatreeshasbeenknownformanyyears.Thetreesprovidetheantswithfoodandshelter.Inreturn,theinsectsprotecttheirleavesfromplant-eatinganimals.However,theirrepairskills一whichresearcherssuspecthavebeendevelopedfixingdamagecausedbythesharpnailsoftheslothsthatfrequentthetrees-hadneverbeenseenbefore."Thisprojectallowedustoexperiencefirst-handallthecomplicateddetailsbehindascientificstudy.ltwasreallyagreatlearningexperience,"saidAlex.Alexandhisteam,whorecentlypublishedtheirfindings,stillhaveoneriddletosolve.Theyaren*tsurewhytheinsectsdidn'trepairalltheholes.Understandingthisselectivebehaviorissomethingtheyhopetoexploreinthefuture一staytuned!Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?Thefunofplayingoutdoors.Thecauseofthenewfindings.Theintentionofusingaslingshot.ThereasonfortargetingtheCecropiatrees.WithwhatkindoffeelingdidAlexreturntocheckthetree?A.Curiosity B.Optimism. C.Confusion. D.Uneasiness.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“industrious”meaninparagraph4?A.Grateful. B.Sorrowful. C.Hardworking. D.Impatient.WhatproblemdoesAlexexpecttosettle?Whetherantsareexpertattreerepair.Howantsfixdamagetotheirhosttrees.Whyantsmerelyrepaircertaintreeholes.WhatrelationshipantskeepwiththeCecropiatrees.DAsraceseasonapproaches,manyrunnershavethesamegoal：gofaster.ButinastudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,researchersshowthatspeedingupmightrequireustoresistournaturalbiology.Bycombiningdatafromrunnersmonitoredinalabalongwith37,000runsrecordedonwearablefitnesstrackers,scientistshavefoundthathumans*naturaltendencyistorunataspeedthatconservescaloricloss—somethingthatracersseekingtoshavetimeofftheirmileswillhavetogetover.Theresearchgrouphavebeenstudyingthemechanicsofrunninginlabsfor15yearsbuthadn'tgottenachancetostudyrunninginthewildbefore."Wejoinedthetwodatasetstogainnewinsightsandcombinethemoremessywearabledatawiththegoldstandardlabexperimentstolearnabouthowpeoplerunout,'*saysco-authorJenniferHicks.Whatsurprisedtheteamwastheconsistencytheyfoundacrossthecombineddatasets.uWehadassumedearlierthatpeopleranfasterforshorterdistancesandthenwouldslowtheirpaceforlongerdistances,'*saysfirstauthorJessicaSelinger.Butthiswasn'tthecase.Mostoftherunnersanalyzedstuckwiththesamespeed,whethertheyweregoingforashortrunoralongoneovertenkilometers.Fromanevolutionary（進(jìn)化）standpoint,itmakessensethatpeoplewouldrunatthespeedthatusestheleastamountofenergy.Thiscaloricconservationissomethingthathasbeenobservedacrosstheanimalkingdom.Buthumans'reasonsforrunninghavechanged,andifthegoalisspeed,therearesometricksrunnerscanuse.Listeningtomusicwithafasterpacehasbeenshowntohelpspeedupstride（步伐）frequency,whichincreasesrunningspeed.Inaddition,pickingfasterrunningpartnerscangiveyouaboost.Hickshopesthathavinglargepoolsoffitnessdatafromwearableswillhelpresearchersgaininsightsaboutpopulations."Youcanlookatconnectionswiththebuiltenvironmentandaccesstoleisureresourcesandstarttolayerallofthatdatatoreallyunderstandhowtoimprovephysicalactivityandhealthmorebroadly,"saysHicks.Whatdotheracershavetoovercomeduringtherace?A.Energyconsumption. B.Muscleloss.C.Weaknessofhumanity. D.Lackofnutrients.Whatwastheteam'sinitialideaconcerningrunning?Peoplewouldruninthewildratherthaninlabs.Peopleadjusttheirspeedstodifferentdistances.Peoplerunataconstantspeedregardlessofdistance.Peoplepossessenormouspotentialforrunningfaster.Whyare"listeningtomusic"and''pickingpartners1'mentionedinparagraph5?Tooffertipsonspeedincrease.Toevaluatetheadvantagesofrunning.Toexplaintheimportanceoffastrunning.Torevealthechangeinhumanrunninggoals.What'sHicks'attitudetotheinformationobtainedfromwearables?

A.Unclear.B.Critical.C.A.Unclear.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)Lifeconsistsofconstantdecision-makingatprettymucheverymomentandyoucanmakechoicesandplansforlife.(1)Whentheseunanticipatedsituationsaddup,it'seasytobecomeanxiousandfeeloutofcontrol.Theprinciplesbelowmayhelpyouhandlethesefeelings.Ratherthanviewingyourlifeas"outofcontrol”,ithelpstotakeannitiswhatitisMattitudeforthetimebeing.(2)Insteadjtjustsignifieslettinggoofneedingcontrol；lettinggoofaneedtocontroleverythingcanleadtogreaterlifesatisfaction.Evenifyoumaynotcontroleverything,youdostillhavecontroloversomethings.Workonchangingthethingsyoudohavecontrolover,!ikegoingtothegymabitmore,eatingfewersweetsorremovinganunpleasantpersonfromyourlife.⑶Constantlywonderingwhetheryou'remakingtherightchoiceswilldisturbyou.Incontrast,takingprideinwhatyoucreateforyourlifeisbeneficial.Ifyou'vemadebaddecisions,learnfromthemandmoveforward.(4)Alsojrytobeappreciativeofchallengingsituationsbecausetheypushyoutokeepgoingandbringyoutobettertimes.(5)Whetheritiswithalovedoneoraclinicalpsychologistwhooffersprofessionaladvice,don'thesitatetotalkitout.Theycanhelpyoudeconstructthesefeelingsandsortthemoutaccordingly.A.Learntovalueyourownstrengths.B.Therearetimeswhenyoulackmotivation.C.Thisdoesn*tmeanacceptingpoortreatment.0.Voicingwhatmakesyoustressedmakessense.E.Yetnoonecaneverbepreparedfortheunexpected.F.Ithelpsestablishasenseofcontrolandoptimisminyourlife.G.Themistakesmayhavefacilitatedpersonalgrowthandwisdom.16.A.AEB.BC.CD.DE.F.FG.G17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AEF.FB.BG.Gc.cD.DE.19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)Sheela's93-year-oldgrandpasuffersfromAlzheimefsandhaslosthismemory.He'sunableto(21)hernameandherrelationshipwithhimandconstantlyasksthesame(22)questions.Butthemusicprovidesa(n)(23)forthetwo一asharedmomentof(24).ThoughSheelademonstratesraremusicalskills,yetshedidn'texpectmusichadsuchgreatmagicasto(25)GrandpawithsevereAlzheimer'sdisease.Thatafternoon,Sheelawasaskedto(26).Grandpaowingtohermother'sabsence.Butabsolutely(27)byGrandpa.Sheelafeltbored.Pacing(28),shesawapianoinacomerthatremaineduntouchedforyears.SheelaopeneditandbegantoplayapiecebyChopin.Attractedbythefantasticmusic,Grandpagotoutofhisbedroomandslowly(29)thepiano,hiseyesshiningbrilliantlyandapleasedsmileclimbingfromhismouth.Heseemedtobecompletelyabsorbedinthebeautiful(30).Aftershefinished,Grandpaevengaveherthethumbs(大拇指)uponher⑶).SheelawasmovedtotearsbyGrandpa*s(32).Grandpathenmadehiswaytohisarmchair,closedhiseyesinpeaceandfellasleepsoon.Themomentwasalltoobriefbutquite(33).Sheelasharedtheexperienceonlineandurgedpeopleto(34)thepresent："Makespaceforloveandtreasurethepresentmomentwithyourlovedones.'*NowSheelahashereyeonwhatdoes(35)!21.A.assessB.guessC.inquireD.recall22.A.complicatedB.relevantC.routineD.crucial23.A.connectionB.evidenceC.explanationD.judgment24.A.honorB.pleasureC.beliefD.fortune25.A.relaxB.encourageC.touchD.satisfy26.A.believeinB.watchoverC.searchforD.makeout27.A.suspectedB.misunderstoodC.interruptedD.ignored28.A.coldlyB.cheerfullyC.restlesslyD.bravely29.A.approachedB.playedC.draggedD.studied30.A.storyB.tuneC.descriptionD.greeting31.A.achievementB.companyC.performanceD.behavior32.A.sympathyB.approvalC.confidenceD.promise33.A.strangeB.familiarC.naturalD.precious34.A.appreciateB.challengeC.changeD.skip35.A.existB.lastC.occurD.count四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)36.China'sSpaceDay,(1)fallsonApril24,indicatesnumerousopportunitiesaheadfortheworldinthecountry'speacefuldevelopmentofitsfast⑵(grow)spaceprograms.ThreeChineseastronauts⑶(return)toEarthonApril16after183daysaboardthenewChinesespacestation,anewnationalrecordforduration.Theauthoritiesannouncedaseriesofnew⑷(launch)ahead.Theseincludedtwomorethreememberteamsbeingsenttothespacestationwithintheyear,oneofwhich,asweknow,hasbeenachievedsofar.China'soutreachtootherpartsoftheworldwaspartlyexhibitedbyWangYaping,thefirstChinesewoman⑸(perform)aspacewalk.HerrecentdiscussionwithAmericanstudentslivenedupthegoodwillofChinatouseitsspaceprogramsfor(6)commongood.LookingbackattheperiodfromNovember2020toNovember2021,itcanbeseenthatChinadidemerge(7)aseriousspacepowerworthyofthename.Thiswas⑻(large)duetofourmajorachievementsoverthatyearlongperiodjncludingmissionstothemoonandMars,theestablishmentofakeysatellitetelecommunicationsconstellation(星座)，andthelaunchofanewspacestation.Anyoftheseachievementswouldbe⑼(significance)initsownright.(10)(take)togetheroveramere12-monthperiod,theyrepresentamomentousleap(飛躍)forhumanprogressinspace.五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)37.假定你是李華，暑期在悉尼學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)夭┪镳^要舉辦中國(guó)瓷器展。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一封信申請(qǐng)做志愿者。內(nèi)容包括：1.寫(xiě)信目的；2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)和能做的事情；3.表達(dá)希望。參考詞匯：瓷器porcelain注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearSi/Madam,Yours,LiHua38.Oneofthemostpleasantsoundsinsportsisthewhooshofabasketballmovingquicklyintothenetting.Takeawaythenetandallthatisleftistheunsatisfyingsilenceofaballpushingairaroundasitsailsthroughtherim(籃圈).Diditevengothrough?Sometimesit'shardtotell.SoitwasreallyashamethatinasmallAmericantowntowhichAnibalAmadormovedfromNewYork,therewasnobasketballnetonanybasketballcourtinanypark.Theretiredworkerwasabasketballaddictandsowashisson,Frank,ahighschoolstudent.Whentheyhadtime,theywouldgotothenearbyplaygroundintheparkandjointheplayersthereinplayingbasketball.However,withoutthenets,itjustdidn'tfeelgoodandsatisfactory.Asamatteroffact,noonewouldliketoplaythatway,fortheycouldn'tshoottheballtotheirhearts*content.Anibaloftenheardtheplayerscomplainaboutitfromtimetotime.ThatwasreallysomethingthatbotheredAnibal.Oneeveningontheirwayhome,hementionedtheproblemtoFrank,whosuggestedtheyshoulddosomethingaboutit.Soontheytookaction.Theytookadvantageoftheirsparetimeanddidcarefulfieldresearchintotheplaygroundsaroundtheneighborhood.ThenAnibalvisitedthewebsiteofthetownparkdepartmentwhichwasinchargeofthebasketballcourts,uploadedwhattheyhadsurveyedandputforwardthesuggestionthatnetsshouldbeattachedtotherimsonbasketballcourts.Theywaitedandwaited.Afteralongtime,theyfinallygottheresponse.Thetownparkdepartmentsaidthatnetswerenon-durablegoods.Iftheydidassuggested,theywouldhavetobeputtingupnetsallthetimeandmaintainingsomanybasketballcourtswasagreatexpense,whichtheycouldn*tafford.ltwasn'tworkabletokeepnetsonalltherimsinalltheparks,sotheywereterriblysorrythattheycouldn'tmanageit.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AnibalandFrankdecidedtoaddresstheproblemontheirown.Everythingready,theycametoanearbybasketballcourtwithastepladder(折梯). 答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】（DB.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Joinablack-tiegastronomicalsafari部分中的內(nèi)容Aspartofablack-tiegastronomicalsafari,guestswillbetreatedtoamouth-wateringthree-coursemeal,enjoyworld-classentertainmentandlistentoinsightfulandinspiringspeechesaboutDSWF'sconservationworktoturnthetablesonextinction.（作為正式的美食之旅的一部分，賓客們將享用令人垂涎的三道大餐，享受世界級(jí)的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，并聆聽(tīng)有關(guān)社會(huì)福利基金會(huì)保護(hù)動(dòng)物工作的富有見(jiàn)地和鼓舞人心的演講。）可知，在這次的DSWF野生動(dòng)物舞會(huì)將會(huì)給客人提供美味大餐。故選B。C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Joinablack-tiegastronomicalsafari部分內(nèi)容WearereallyexcitedtoinviteyoubacktotheDorchesterHotel,whoareourgeneroushosts,andtogetheraimtocelebratewildlifeandthewildernessinstyleandtoraisevitalfundstohelpinthefightforagreenerfuture.（我們非常激動(dòng)地邀請(qǐng)您再次來(lái)到多爾切斯特酒店一我們的慷慨東道主,我們將共同以時(shí)尚的方式贊美野生動(dòng)物和荒野，并籌集重要的資金，幫助爭(zhēng)取更綠色的未來(lái)。）可知，2020野生動(dòng)物舞會(huì)的目的在于贊美野生動(dòng)物和荒野，籌集資金。故選C。D.數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)文章BookticketstotheWildlifeBall2022部分內(nèi)容IndividualTickets：￡200（Childrenunder12get40%off）（個(gè)人票：200英鎊（12歲以下兒童4折））可知，單人票價(jià)為200英鎊，12歲以下兒童4折應(yīng)是“200英鎊*（100%-40%）=120英鎊"，因此，一對(duì)夫婦兩人帶著10歲的雙胞胎兒童，票價(jià)應(yīng)是"200英鎊*2+120英鎊*2=640英鎊”。故選D。本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了多切斯特大酒店主辦的DSWF野生動(dòng)物舞會(huì)將于2022年7月27日舉行，文章就其相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)安排，目的以及費(fèi)用進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)解釋?？疾閺V告布告類閱讀理解。做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。4~7.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句"Ifsomethingbreaks」wantthemtohavetheconfidencetoopenthatup,"Hughessays."It'sourmissionandobjectivetoinspirecuriosityandconfidenceingirlsthroughtheworldofbuilding."（休斯說(shuō)："如果有什么東西壞了,我希望她們有信心打開(kāi)局面。""我們的使命和目標(biāo)是通過(guò)建筑的世界激發(fā)女孩的好奇心和信心。"）可知，營(yíng)地的負(fù)責(zé)人休斯說(shuō)，營(yíng)地的使命和目標(biāo)是通過(guò)建筑的世界激發(fā)女孩的好奇心和信心，由此可知，在營(yíng)地里教女孩實(shí)際操作的建造技能是為了提高女孩對(duì)自己能力的信心。故選B項(xiàng)。C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容Butotherparentsasktheobviousquestion—ispairingpre-teensandpowertoolsagoodidea?HughesstressesGirlsBuildisveryconcernedwithsafety,andinstructorsconsidergirls'ageswhenpairingthemwithtools.（但其他家長(zhǎng)提出了一個(gè)顯而易見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題：將學(xué)齡前兒童整天接觸電動(dòng)工具是一個(gè)好主意嗎？休斯強(qiáng)調(diào)，GirlsBuild非常注重安全，導(dǎo)師在給女孩配工具時(shí)會(huì)考慮女孩的年齡。）可知，家長(zhǎng)們擔(dān)心學(xué)齡前兒童使用電動(dòng)工具是否安全，由此可知，一些家長(zhǎng)對(duì)營(yíng)地的主要擔(dān)憂是安全問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容Thesegirlsarelearningmanythingscanbebuilt,takenapart,andputbacktogether.Theydon'thavetofitthemselvesintothedesignedworld—theycanbuildaworldthatfitsthem.Andthatknowledgeisaprettypowerfultooltohaveintheirbelts.（這些女孩正在學(xué)習(xí)許多可以建造、拆卸和組裝的東西。她們不必讓自己融入設(shè)計(jì)的世界，她們可以建立一個(gè)適合自己的世界。而她們?cè)趧?dòng)手建造時(shí)學(xué)到的知識(shí)是一個(gè)非常強(qiáng)大的工具。）可知，女孩們可以通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)建立一個(gè)適合自己的世界，這些知識(shí)是非常強(qiáng)大的工具，由此可知，最后一段傳達(dá)給我們的信息是知識(shí)就是力量。故選A項(xiàng)。D.文章出處題。通讀文章，結(jié)合第一段關(guān)鍵句AtGirlsBuildsummercampinOregon,girlsarelearninghowtousepowertoolslikesawsanddrills.Thecampisfilledwithconstructionexcitement.（在俄勒岡州的GirlsBuild夏令營(yíng)，女孩們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何使用鋸子和鉆頭等電動(dòng)工具。營(yíng)地里充滿了建筑的激情。）可知，文章主要介紹了俄勒岡州的GirlsBuild夏令營(yíng)，通過(guò)教女孩們實(shí)際操作的建造技能，來(lái)提高她們對(duì)自己能力的信心，由此可知，關(guān)于夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)的文章可能出自一本受歡迎的雜志。故選D項(xiàng)。這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)具體例子介紹了俄勒岡州的GirlsBuild夏令營(yíng)，它通過(guò)教女孩們實(shí)際操作的建造技能，來(lái)提高她們對(duì)自己能力的信心。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。8?11.【答案】B、D、C、C【解析】（1）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段Theeventsleadingtothediscoverybeganinmid-2020,whenAlexandhisfriendswouldkilltimebyshootingclayballsattreeswithaslingshot.TheytargetedthethinCecropiatreestomakethetaskmorechallenging.Thingswentwelluntiloneclayballaccidentallyhitatreetrunk,leavingacleanexitandentrywound.(導(dǎo)致這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的事件始于2020年中期，當(dāng)時(shí)亞歷克斯和他的朋友們會(huì)用彈弓向樹(shù)射粘土球來(lái)消磨時(shí)間。他們以細(xì)細(xì)的天蠶樹(shù)為目標(biāo)，使任務(wù)更具挑戰(zhàn)性。一切都很順利，直到一個(gè)粘土球意外地?fù)糁辛藰?shù)干，留下了一個(gè)干凈的出口和射入傷口。)可知，第二段主要講的是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因。故選B。D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Concernedthathehadcausedpermanentdamage,Alexwentbacktoexaminethetreethefollowingmorning,accompaniedbyhisfatherWilliam,anentomologistattheSmithsonianTropicalResearchInstitute(STRI).(第二天早上，亞歷克斯在他的父親——史密森尼熱帶研究所的昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)家威廉的陪同下，擔(dān)心自己給這棵樹(shù)造成了永久性的傷害，便回去檢查。)可推知，Alex返回檢查樹(shù)木的感覺(jué)是不安。故選C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文The insects,usingmaterialfromthetees,significantlyreducedthesizeoftheholesoon.Inmostcases,thegapwascompletelyfilledupwithin24hours.(勤勞的昆蟲(chóng)，利用三通材料，很快就顯著縮小了洞的大小。大多數(shù)情況下，24小時(shí)內(nèi)就完全填滿了洞。)可知，洞的大小明顯縮小了，可見(jiàn)是這些昆蟲(chóng)利用樹(shù)上的材料努力工作完成的。故劃線詞意思是"努力工作的"。A.Grateful感激的：B.Sorrowful悲傷的；C.Hardworking努力工作的；D.Impatient沒(méi)有耐心的。故選C。C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Alexandhisteam,whorecentlypublishedtheirfindings,stillhaveoneriddletosolve.Theyaren'tsurewhytheinsectsdidn'trepairalltheholes.Understandingthisselectivebehaviorissomethingtheyhopetoexploreinthefuture-staytuned!(亞歷克斯和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)最近發(fā)表了他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們還有一個(gè)謎需要解決。他們不確定為什么昆蟲(chóng)沒(méi)有修復(fù)所有的洞。理解這種選擇性行為是他們希望在未來(lái)探索的事情一一敬請(qǐng)期待！)可知，亞歷克斯想解決的問(wèn)題是為什么螞蟻只是修復(fù)某些樹(shù)洞。故選C。這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了巴拿馬的一組年輕研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種特殊的螞蟻，它可以迅速修復(fù)宿主樹(shù)的任何損傷。介紹了他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種螞蟻的經(jīng)過(guò)以及研究的意義。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。12?15.【答案】A、B、A、D【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句Bycombiningdatafromrunnersmonitoredinalabalongwith37,000runsrecordedonwearablefitnesstrackers,scientistshavefoundthathumans'naturaltendencyistorunataspeedthatconservescaloricloss—somethingthatracersseekingtoshavelimeofftheirmileswillhavetogetover.（通過(guò)將實(shí)驗(yàn)室監(jiān)測(cè)的跑步者數(shù)據(jù)與可穿戴健身跟蹤器記錄的37000次跑步數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類的自然傾向是以節(jié)省熱量損失的速度跑步，而尋求縮短完成里程所需時(shí)間的參賽者必須克服這一點(diǎn)。）可知，人類的自然傾向是以節(jié)省熱量損失的速度跑步，要想以更快的速度跑步，就要克服能量消耗的問(wèn)題，由此可知，參賽者在比賽中必須克服的是能量消耗問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)。B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句"Wehadassumedearlierthatpeopleranfasterforshorterdistancesandthenwouldslowtheirpaceforlongerdistances,"saysfirstauthorJessicaSelinger.（主要作者杰西卡?塞林格說(shuō)："我們之前假設(shè)人們?cè)诙叹嚯x內(nèi)跑得更快，然后在長(zhǎng)距離內(nèi)放慢步伐。可知，研究人員最初認(rèn)為人們跑步時(shí)會(huì)根據(jù)不同的距離調(diào)整速度，在短距離內(nèi)跑得更快，然后在長(zhǎng)距離內(nèi)放慢步伐，由此可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)最初對(duì)跑步的想法是人們會(huì)根據(jù)不同的距離調(diào)整速度。故選B項(xiàng)。A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容Listeningtomusicwithafasterpacehasbeenshowntohelpspeedupstride（步伐）frequency,whichincreasesrunningspeed.Inaddition,pickingfasterrunningpartnerscangiveyouaboost.（聽(tīng)節(jié)奏更快的音樂(lè)有助于加快步頻，從而提高跑步速度。此外，選擇跑得更快的伙伴一起跑步可以給你帶來(lái)動(dòng)力。）可知，"聽(tīng)節(jié)奏更快的音樂(lè)"和”選擇跑得更快的伙伴一起跑步"都是提高跑步速度的方法，由此可知，第五段提到“聽(tīng)音樂(lè)“和”挑選伙伴”是為了提供關(guān)于提高跑步速度的建議。故選A項(xiàng)。D.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容Hickshopesthathavinglargepoolsoffitnessdatafromwearableswillhelpresearchersgaininsightsaboutpopulations."Youcanlookatconnectionswiththebuiltenvironmentandaccesstoleisureresourcesandstarttolayerallofthatdatatoreallyunderstandhowtoimprovephysicalactivityandhealthmorebroadly,"saysHicks.（?？怂瓜Ｍ?，擁有大量來(lái)自可穿戴設(shè)備的健康數(shù)據(jù)將有助于研究人員了解人口狀況。?？怂拐f(shuō)：“你可以看看與建筑環(huán)境和休閑資源的聯(lián)系，并開(kāi)始對(duì)所有這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分層，以真正了解如何更廣泛地改善體育活動(dòng)和健康。"）可知，?？怂拐J(rèn)為來(lái)自可穿戴設(shè)備的健康數(shù)據(jù)將有助于研究人員了解人口狀況，通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)，真正了解如何更廣泛地改善體育活動(dòng)和健康，由此可推斷出，?？怂箤?duì)從可穿戴設(shè)備上獲得的信息的態(tài)度是贊許的。故選D項(xiàng)。這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)人類要想提高跑步速度，關(guān)鍵是克服能量消耗問(wèn)題，并給出了一些提高跑步速度的建議。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。16?20.【答案】E、C、F、G、D【解析】（1）E.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Lifeconsistsofconstantdecision-makingatprettymucheverymomentandyoucanmakechoicesandplansforlife.（生活幾乎每時(shí)每刻都由不斷的決策組成，你可以為生活做出選擇和計(jì)劃。）可知，生活由不斷的決策組成，你可以為生活做出選擇和計(jì)劃，E項(xiàng)意為"然而，沒(méi)有人能夠?yàn)橐馔庾龊脺?zhǔn)備。"選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然我們可以為生活做出選擇和計(jì)劃，但沒(méi)有人能夠?yàn)橐馔庾龊脺?zhǔn)備。故選E。（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Ratherthanviewingyourlifeas"outofcontrol",ithelpstotakean"itiswhatitis"attitudeforthetimebeing.（與其將你的生活視為"失控"，不如暫時(shí)采取“就是這樣"的態(tài)度。）可知，當(dāng)意外導(dǎo)致我們無(wú)法掌控生活時(shí)，不如暫時(shí)采取“就是這樣"的態(tài)度，C項(xiàng)意為"這并不意味著接受不好的待遇。"選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容能夠承接上文，"就是這樣"的態(tài)度并不意味著接受不好的待遇。故選C。F.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Evenifyoumaynotcontroleverything,youdostillhavecontroloversomethings.Workonchangingthethingsyoudohavecontrolover,likegoingtothegymabitmore,eatingfewersweetsorremovinganunpleasantpersonfromyourlife.（即使你不能控制一切，你仍然可以控制一些事情。努力改變你可以控制的事情，比如多去健身房，少吃甜食，或者把一個(gè)令人不愉快的人從你的生活中抹去。）可知，上文告訴我們可以努力改變自己可以控制的事情,F項(xiàng)意為"它有助于在你的生活中建立一種控制感和樂(lè)觀主義?！边x項(xiàng)內(nèi)容能夠承接上文，我們可以努力改變自己可以控制的事情，例如多去健身房，少吃甜食等，這樣做有助于在生活中建立一種控制感和樂(lè)觀主義。故選F.G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Ifyou'vemadebaddecisionsjeamfromthemandmoveforward.（如果你做了錯(cuò)誤的決定，從中吸取教訓(xùn)，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。）可知，上文告訴我們可以從錯(cuò)誤的決定中吸取教訓(xùn)，然后繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，G項(xiàng)意為”這些錯(cuò)誤可能促進(jìn)了個(gè)人的成長(zhǎng)和智慧?！边x項(xiàng)內(nèi)容能夠承接上文，講述了錯(cuò)誤的決定帶來(lái)的好處，這些錯(cuò)誤可能促進(jìn)了個(gè)人的成長(zhǎng)和智慧。故選G。D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Whetheritiswithalovedoneoraclinicalpsychologistwhooffersprofessionaladvice,don'thesitatetotalkitout.Theycanhelpyoudeconstructthesefeelingsandsortthemoutaccordingly.（無(wú)論是與心愛(ài)的人還是提供專業(yè)建議的臨床心理學(xué)家，都要毫不猶豫地說(shuō)出你的感覺(jué)。他們可以幫助你解構(gòu)這些感覺(jué)，并相應(yīng)地進(jìn)行分類。)可知，上文告訴我們，當(dāng)我們感覺(jué)不好時(shí)，可以說(shuō)給心愛(ài)的人或提供專業(yè)建議的臨床心理學(xué)家聽(tīng)，向其他人尋求幫助，D項(xiàng)意為"說(shuō)出讓你感到有壓力的事是明智的。"選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容能夠引起下文，下文介紹了向誰(shuí)說(shuō)出自己的壓力和這樣做的好處。故選D。本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了當(dāng)我們無(wú)法掌控生活時(shí)，要如何應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮的情緒。七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語(yǔ)境，充分考慮信息詞(選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞)，選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。21?35.【答案】D、C、A、B、C、B、D、C、A、B、C、B、D、A、D【解析】(1)D.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.assess評(píng)估；B.guess猜測(cè)；C.inquire質(zhì)詢：D.recall回想起。句意：他沒(méi)法想起她的名字以及與她的關(guān)系，老是問(wèn)著同樣的無(wú)聊問(wèn)題。由前一句"Sheela's93-year-oldgrandpasuffersfromAlzheimer'sandhaslosthismemory."交代的老人罹患阿爾茲海默癥，喪失記憶力不難推知，這里應(yīng)表示老人想不起孫女的名字。故選D項(xiàng)。C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.complicated復(fù)雜的；Brelevant相關(guān)的；Coroutine無(wú)聊的，日常的；D.crucial關(guān)鍵的。句意：他沒(méi)法想起她的名字以及與她的關(guān)系，老是問(wèn)著同樣的無(wú)聊問(wèn)題。聯(lián)系阿爾茲海默癥患者的狀態(tài)推斷，正因?yàn)橛洃浟ν嘶詴?huì)經(jīng)常重復(fù)關(guān)于瑣碎日常的，無(wú)聊的問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。A.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.connection連接，聯(lián)系：B.evidence證據(jù)：C.explanation解釋；D.judgment審判。句意：但音樂(lè)給爺孫二人提供了聯(lián)系一一共享愉悅的時(shí)刻。前文指出Sheela的祖父已經(jīng)記不起她是誰(shuí)了，由后文可知，音樂(lè)讓兩個(gè)人又有了短暫的接觸，聯(lián)系。故選A項(xiàng)。B.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.honor榮耀：B.pleasure愉悅；C.belief信仰：D.fortune幸運(yùn)。句意：但音樂(lè)給爺孫二人提供了聯(lián)系一一共享愉悅的時(shí)刻。由后文Sheela彈奏鋼琴讓祖父陶醉其中的經(jīng)歷可知，音樂(lè)讓兩個(gè)人共享了快樂(lè)。故選B項(xiàng)。C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.relax放松；B.encourage鼓勵(lì)：C.touch觸摸，觸動(dòng)；D.satisfy使?jié)M足。句意：盡管Sheela表現(xiàn)出的音樂(lè)技能很少見(jiàn)，她沒(méi)有預(yù)料到音樂(lè)有著如此大的魔力，能觸動(dòng)身患嚴(yán)重阿爾茲海默癥的祖父。由后文"Attractedbythefantasticmusic"可知，音樂(lè)的魅力觸動(dòng)了祖父，在此時(shí)這是Sheela完全預(yù)想不到的。故選C項(xiàng)。B.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.believein相信；B.watchover照料;C.searchfor尋找；D.makeout看出，辨認(rèn)出。句意：那天下午，因?yàn)槟赣H不在，Sheela被叫去照看祖父。由空后解釋的"owingtohermother'sabsence"可知，這天是Sheela頂替因事缺席的母親來(lái)照顧祖父。故選B項(xiàng)。D.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.suspected懷疑；B.misunderstood誤解；C.interrupted打擾；D.ignored不理睬。句意：但Sheela絕對(duì)會(huì)被祖父無(wú)視，她感到很無(wú)聊。前文交代過(guò)，祖父患阿爾茲海默癥，已經(jīng)不認(rèn)識(shí)Sheela了，這里Sheela會(huì)感到無(wú)聊應(yīng)該是因?yàn)樽娓笗?huì)對(duì)她置之不理。故選D項(xiàng)。C.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.coldly冷淡地；B.cheerfully高興地；C.restlessly不安地，無(wú)休止地；D.bravely勇敢地。句意：Sheela焦躁地踱步，看到角落里一架多年都無(wú)人問(wèn)津的鋼琴。結(jié)合上句”bored”的狀態(tài)推知Sheela因?yàn)闊o(wú)聊在房間里焦躁不安地走來(lái)走去。故選C項(xiàng)。A.考查動(dòng)