土木工程材料英文詞匯

chapt1Introduction1材料RoadEngineeringMaterials道路工程2billingual雙語(yǔ)3materialscience材料科學(xué)4interdisciplinary各學(xué)科間的，跨學(xué)科5chemistry化學(xué)6physics物理7metallurgy冶金學(xué)8construction施工，建設(shè)，建筑物9structure結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)造，建筑物10foundation基礎(chǔ)11toagreatextent在很大程度上12engineeringquality工程質(zhì)里13applicability適用性14Durability耐久性15Safety安全性16Economy經(jīng)濟(jì)性17Beauty美觀18grasp理解19property性質(zhì)，性能，所有權(quán)20proportion比例，使成比例21aggregate集料，骨料22lime石次23cement水泥24bitumen瀝青25steel鋼鐵26wood木材27design設(shè)計(jì)28mixture混合料29concrete混凝土30sand砂31Mortar砂漿32Asphaltconcrete##混凝土33penetration針入度34ductility延度35Naturalmaterials自然材料36Artificialmaterials人工材料37Modernmaterials現(xiàn)代材料38Gravel碎石,礫石39結(jié)齊1JInorganicbinder無(wú)機(jī)結(jié)合料，無(wú)機(jī)黏40結(jié)料Organicbinder有機(jī)結(jié)合料，有機(jī)膠

compound化合物，混合物Highpolymer高分子聚合物Physicalproperty物理性能Density密度Porosity孔隙率Voidcontent空隙率Moisturecontent含水量Specificgravity比重Permeability滲透性Structure構(gòu)造micro微觀macro宏觀Texture質(zhì)地，紋理，本質(zhì)Color顏色Shape形狀evaluat評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)appearance夕卜觀weight質(zhì)量Semi-rigidbase半剛性基層limestabilizedsoil石灰穩(wěn)定土Mechanicalproperties力學(xué)性能，機(jī)械性能Chemicalproperties化學(xué)性能Deformation變形stiffness剛度Strength強(qiáng)度Tension力，拉力compression壓力，壓縮，壓迫shear剪切，剪力，修剪flexure彎曲torsion扭力，轉(zhuǎn)矩impact沖擊力Elasticmodulus彈性模量Brittleness脆性、脆度plasticity塑形，可塑性ductility延性，延展性pertain為固有的，與有關(guān)系的composition構(gòu)成，成分Acidity酸度Alkalinity堿度corrosion腐蝕，侵蝕force力load荷載83stress應(yīng)力9blast-furnace鼓風(fēng)爐84externalforces外力10slag爐渣；礦渣；熔渣85internalforces力11Fineaggregate細(xì)集料86consecutive連續(xù),連貫12Coarseaggregate粗集料87particle粒子，微粒13diameter直徑88proportional成比例的14Lightweightaggregate輕骨料8990Equilibrium平衡unitarea單位面積15Normal-weightaggregate常重骨料91imaginarysection彳Ute的截回16Heavyweightaggregate重骨料92Tensilestress拉應(yīng)力17Bulkdensity容積密度、堆積密度93Compressivestress壓應(yīng)力18masonry不專石建筑、垮工94Shearingstress剪應(yīng)力19Pumice浮石95Bendingstress應(yīng)力20Scoria礦渣96Axial軸的；軸向的21Tuff凝灰?guī)r97Strain應(yīng)變22expandedshale膨脹頁(yè)巖，脹性頁(yè)巖98Poisson'sratio泊松比23expandedclay膨脹土99lateral側(cè)面的，橫向的24expandedSlate脹性板巖100lateralstrain橫向應(yīng)變25Flyash粉煤灰101axialstrain軸向應(yīng)變26sub-base底基層102ductile易延展的，延性的，易變形的27Gradation級(jí)配103Rubber橡膠28Fineness細(xì)度，純度；細(xì)微；優(yōu)雅104Wroughtiron熟鐵29Finenessmodulus細(xì)度模量105106elastic彈性的，有彈性的Brick磚塊30數(shù)Modulusofelasticity彈性模量，彈性模107Glass玻璃31distilledwater蒸儲(chǔ)水108Carryprescribedloads滿足規(guī)32Ovendry烘干，干燥109aesthetically審美的，美學(xué)觀點(diǎn)的33Airdry風(fēng)干，自然干燥110economicallypractical經(jīng)濟(jì)上可行34Saturate浸透的，個(gè)t1和的；vt.浸透，111environmentallyfriendly環(huán)境友好使?jié)裢?；使飽和，使充滿112Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)格35Saturatedsurfacedry飽和囿十,113application應(yīng)用，用途，應(yīng)用程序36Wet114inspection檢查，視察37reference參考115Denotation指示38Effectiveabsorption后效吸收chapt2Aggregates39surfacemoisture表面含水量序號(hào)英文單詞漢語(yǔ)釋義認(rèn)識(shí)40versus對(duì)；與…相對(duì)；對(duì)抗填1不認(rèn)識(shí)填041Formula公式1plaster灰泥42Bulkspecificgravity毛體積比重2grout水泥漿43permeablepores開(kāi)口孔隙3filterbed過(guò)濾層44impermeable閉口孔隙4railroadballast鐵路道硝45Apparentspecificgravity表觀比重5basecourse基層46Porosity孔隙率6foundationfill填方地基47Bulkdensity堆積密度7subgrade路基48Loosedensity松散密度8Crushedstone碎石49Dense-gradedaggregate密級(jí)配集料

50Open-gradedaggregate開(kāi)級(jí)配集料1Lime石灰51Sieve篩子2agent藥劑52SieveAnalysis篩分3Inorganicbindingagent無(wú)機(jī)膠凝材料53Singleremainder分計(jì)篩余4Nonhydraulicbindingagent非水硬性54Accumulativeremainder累計(jì)篩余膠凝材料55Passingpercentage通過(guò)百分率5air-hardeningbindingagent氣硬性膠56Coarsesand粗砂凝材料57Mediansand中砂6transform改變，轉(zhuǎn)化58Finesand細(xì)砂7Roadsub-base道路底基層59Uniaxialcompressionstrength單軸8Limestabilizedsoil石灰穩(wěn)定土抗壓強(qiáng)度9Limeandcementstabilizedsoil石灰60Aggregatecrushingvalue壓碎值水泥穩(wěn)定土61Abrasionvalue磨耗值10Limeandflyashstabilizedsoil石灰62LosAngelesAbrasionTest洛杉磯磨粉煤灰穩(wěn)定土耗試驗(yàn)11Roadbase基層63scrap舌U64wear穿著，磨損，耐久性；磨耗12Limeandflyashstabilizedaggregates石灰粉煤灰穩(wěn)定碎石,一灰砰后65friction摩擦13Limeandcementstabilizedaggregates66Continuousgradation連續(xù)級(jí)配石灰水泥穩(wěn)定碎石67Gapgradation間斷級(jí)配14Limemortar石灰砂漿68Gradingcurve級(jí)配曲線15Manufacturetechnics生產(chǎn)工藝69Theoryofmaximumdensitycurve最大16Raw未加工的，生的密度曲線理論17Rawmaterials原材料70Theoryofparticleinterference粒子18Limestone石灰后干涉理論19dolomite白女后71mathematically數(shù)學(xué)上的20chalkstone方解石72abscissa橫坐標(biāo)21Hydratedlime熟石灰73ordinate縱坐標(biāo)22clump塊74gradationregion級(jí)配圍23powder粉末75Mixdesignofaggregate礦質(zhì)混合料的24ingredient成分組成設(shè)計(jì)25Chemicalingredient化學(xué)成分76Graphical圖解的26Drylyhardenedprocess干燥硬化77coordinate"坐標(biāo)；同等的人或物；27Carbonizedhardenedprocess碳化并列的；同等的28Purity純度"29equivalent相等的，等效的；當(dāng)事78Overlap重疊30Calciumcarbonateequivalent碳酸79adjacent鄰近的鈣當(dāng)量,CCE80Conterminous相接的，連接的31laboratory試驗(yàn)室81Deviation分離32Drysieveanalysis干砂篩析82Trialanderrormethod試算法33Effectivecontentof(CaO+MgO)有效83diagonal對(duì)角線氧化鈣氧化鎂含量84compositive合成34Contentofresidue未消化殘?jiān)縞hapt3LimeandCement35residue殘?jiān)?，剩余，濾渣序號(hào)英文單詞漢語(yǔ)釋義36PortlandCement波特蘭水泥

37Calcium鈣12cementpaste水泥漿38Silica硅13apparentdensity表觀密度39Alumina鋁14Workability工作性，和易性40Iron鐵15Segregation離析41slurry泥漿，懸浮液16Bleeding泌水42flashfurnace閃速爐17Slump坍落度43gypsum后高18Mobility流動(dòng)性44的45Grinding磨的，刺耳的，令人難以忍受micron微米192021Compatibility相容性，保水性cone圓錐體、圓錐procedure程序手段463CaO?SiO2碳酸三鈣22Strike撞擊472CaO?SiO2硅酸二鈣23excess超過(guò),多余483CaO?Al2O3鋁酸三鈣24displacement移位49鈣4CaO?Al2O3?Fe2O3鐵鋁酸四2526originalcenter原始中心，初始中心specimen樣本50Clinker熟料27uniformly一M地51Setting凝結(jié)28plasticity口」塑性52Hardening硬化29cohesion黏合性53Specificsurface比表面積30Collapse倒塌5455Hydration水化Consistency稠度31土Massconcrete大塊混凝土、無(wú)鋼筋混凝56Vicatapparatus自動(dòng)水泥維卡儀32Water-to-Cementratio水灰比57apparatus設(shè)備，儀器33Admixtures外加劑、摻和劑58Initialset初凝34Water-reducingadmixture減水齊U59Finalset終凝35air-entrainingadmixture弓1氣齊U60sustain維持36windspeed風(fēng)速61Settingtime凝結(jié)時(shí)間37Temperature溫度62Hardening硬化38humidity濕度63Initialsettime初凝時(shí)間39Nonhomogeneity不均勻性64Finalsettime終凝時(shí)間chapt4ConcreteandMortar4041Excessive過(guò)度的Rockpocket/honeycomb蜂窩序號(hào)英文單詞漢語(yǔ)釋義42Sandstreaks砂條紋，起砂1freshconcrete新拌水泥混凝土43Crazing龜裂2Mixing拌合44Surfacescaling表面錄U落3Placing澆筑45vibration振動(dòng)4Curing養(yǎng)護(hù)46vertically垂苴的5PortlandCementConcretePCC,波特47lean傾斜蘭水泥混凝土48premature未成熟的，不成熟的；比6moist潮濕預(yù)期早的7plasticpJ塑49Air-content氣含量8consistency稠度50horizontal水平9Volumetric體積的51Consolidate鞏固、加強(qiáng)、強(qiáng)化10proportion比例52adequately充分的、充足的11constituent成分53Trim修剪；整理；裝點(diǎn)；修剪；整齊；

情形94Heatingcoils加熱線圈54DepositingConcrete攤鋪混凝土95Electricallyheatedformsorpads電力口55perimeterMHx:熱格框或板56"Baffle96Deformation變形"擋板9798Shrinkage收縮、降低Creep徐變；蠕變爬行57Shallowhopper淺料斗99Durability耐久性58headroom凈空100impermeability不滲透性59equivalent等價(jià)物、等價(jià)的101Compressivestrength抗壓強(qiáng)度60slipformpaver滑膜攤鋪機(jī)102Tensilestrength抗拉強(qiáng)度61dumptrucks自卸車103Flexuralstrength彎曲強(qiáng)度62evenly均勻的104resist抵抗，忍受63Curb/CurbandGutter路緣石、排水溝105corrosive腐蝕的64hopper料斗，漏斗106substance物質(zhì)、主旨65Reinforced加筋的107usability可用性66coldjoint冷接108appearance夕卜觀，夕卜貌67penetration滲透、穿入、洞察力109inshort息而百之68rigid硬化110anti-permeability抗?jié)B性69systematic系統(tǒng)的111Frostresistance抗凍性70interval間隔112anti-corrosion防腐蝕71Subsidence下沉、陷落113anti-carbonate抗碳化性72Screeding舌U平114anti-abrasion耐磨耗73Floating115resistancetoalkali-aggregatereaction7475Troweling抹光Tining拉毛116抗堿集料反應(yīng)alkali-aggregatereaction堿集料反應(yīng)76slight脆弱的、輕視、輕微的117Deteriorate惡化77imperfections不元美、瑕疵118destruction破壞78hump隆起119previously以前、預(yù)先79Age齡期120budget預(yù)算80adequate充足的121Guaranteeing擔(dān)保、保證81neglect疏忽，忽視；忽略chapt5BituminousMaterials82Watertightness防水、不透水性、水序號(hào)英文單詞漢語(yǔ)釋義密性83Abrasion磨損、磨耗12Petroleum石油Sprayapplications噴射技術(shù)噴灑技術(shù)84Abrasionresistance耐磨性3viscous黏性的粘的85Freeze-thaw凍融4cementitious膠結(jié)的86Freeze-thawresistance耐凍融性5hydrocarbons燒，碳?xì)浠衔?7Volumestability體積穩(wěn)定性6soluble可溶的，可溶解的88Spray噴涂；噴霧；噴灑7disulfide二^化物89fogging霧化8Nonvolatile非易失性的；非揮發(fā)性的90Saturatedwetcoverings飽水覆蓋物9Nontoxic無(wú)毒的91Evaporation蒸發(fā)10possess控制，持有、具有92Plasticsheets塑料薄膜11adhere黏合93Livesteam流通的蒸汽12impermeability不滲透性waterresistance不透水性roadwayspavements道路鋪面roofing屋頂、蓋屋頂felt粘結(jié)caulking堵縫、壓緊、嵌縫的waterproofing防水、防水劑wallboard墻板、壁板buildingpaper建筑用紙、防潮紙paints繪畫顏料、繪畫作品、油漆、涂膜劑coating涂料，涂層below-grade低于一般標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Tar焦油；柏油pitch熱解瀝青，瀝青distillation蒸儲(chǔ)、凈化coal煤炭undergo經(jīng)歷、忍受destructive破壞的，毀滅的distillation干儲(chǔ)condensate冷凝物、濃縮物processing力口工、處理yield出產(chǎn)、產(chǎn)量、收益residue殘?jiān)?、剩余vaporize蒸發(fā)refine精煉，提純，改善oven爐，灶，烤箱bereducedto分解為、簡(jiǎn)化為、還原為、減小為Tarpitches焦油瀝青built-up組合、拼合waterproofing防水underground地下retainingwall擋土墻dam大壩experience經(jīng)歷、體驗(yàn)fluctuation波動(dòng)、起伏withstand抵抗、反抗brittle易碎的，脆弱的cementitious膠結(jié)的predominant主要的，卓越的constituent成分deposit沉淀；使沉積；存放Naturalrockasphalts自然巖瀝青sandstone1^巖limestone石灰?guī)rNative天然的，本土的，與生俱來(lái)的lakeasphalts湖瀝青Trinidad特立尼達(dá)島WestIndies西印度群島silt淤泥，泥沙clay黏土organic有機(jī)的Venezuela委瑞拉Bermudez貝穆德斯Asphaltcements瀝青膏，瀝青膠結(jié)料，瀝青膠泥Cutbackasphalts稀釋瀝青Emulsifiedasphalts乳化瀝青Air-blownasphalts氧化瀝青flexiblepavement柔性路面insulation絕緣、隔離、孤立canallining渠道襯砌subgrade路基migration遷移，移動(dòng)sticky粘的，粘性的quality質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；特性；才能consistency稠度manufacture制造separation分離crude原油、天然的solvent溶劑diluent稀釋劑、沖淡劑Slow-curing慢凝Medium-curing中凝Rapid-curing快凝volatility揮發(fā)性、易變、活潑viscosity粘度dieseloil柴油coldlaidpavementbases冷鋪路面kerosene煤油diluent稀釋，稀釋劑plantmixed廠拌mixedinplace路拌naphtha揮發(fā)油gasoline汽油emulsifyingagent孚L化齊USoap肥皂97water-solublechemicals水溶的化136coefficient系數(shù)、率學(xué)物質(zhì)137rateofshear剪切速度98fineclay細(xì)黏土138Capillarytubeviscometer毛名田管黏99damp潮濕的tot100excess額夕卜的139Vacuumcapillarytubeviscometer真空101drain排水，消耗減壓毛細(xì)管粘度計(jì)102eliminate消除排除140Vacuum真空103elimination消除，淘汰141truncate縮短的，平頭的，切去頂端的，104distillates石油蒸儲(chǔ)物使成平囿105pollution污染142sewing縫紉的106suspend懸浮、推遲143Melt融化107susceptible易得病的、易受影響的144SofteningPoint軟化點(diǎn)108bewashedoff洗凈145Volatilization蒸發(fā)，揮發(fā)109emulsion孚L齊］146mixdesign混合料設(shè)計(jì)110contamination污染、玷污147workmanshipXZ,手藝，技巧111oxidizedasphalt氧化瀝青148thin-filmoventest薄膜烘箱試驗(yàn)112Ductile可塑性、柔軟的；易教導(dǎo)的；TFOT易延展的149rollingthin-filmoventest旋轉(zhuǎn)薄膜113jointfillers填縫料烘箱試驗(yàn)，RTFOT114mineralrubber礦物膠、礦物橡膠150RevolutionsPerMinute每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)115Adhesion粘附；支持；固守；粘附性151WeightlossdeterminedMU損失率116Rateofcuring凝結(jié)速率152Rack齒條、機(jī)架117Ductility延度153PressureAgingVesselPAV,壓力老化118Agingandhardening老化及硬化154Vessel容器，器皿119Resistancetoreactionwithwater抗水155Ductility延度反應(yīng)性水敏感性156stretch伸直，舒展120Temperaturesusceptibility感溫性157draw拉伸，拉，拖121Rutting車轍158Waterbath水浴122fatiguecracking疲裂159Extensionrate拉伸率123