商務(wù)英語閱讀下冊unit-7-77課件

UnitSeven

UnitSeven1了解JIT的含義了解JIT的精髓所在理解JIT對現(xiàn)在企業(yè)的意義TeachingObjectives了解JIT的含義TeachingObjectives2JITLeanproductionLeadtimeRealtimecommunicationTeachingEmphases

JITTeachingEmphases3TextFastReadingIFastReadingIIContentTextContent4Pre-readingquestions1.DoyouknowwhatJITstandsfor?2.WheredidJIToriginatefrom?TEXTGeneralIntroductiontoLogistics

UPPREV.NEXTPre-readingquestionsTEXTGen5商務(wù)英語閱讀下冊unit-7_77課件6商務(wù)英語閱讀下冊unit-7_77課件7

TypicalattentionareasofJITinclude: *Inventoryreduction.

*Smallerproductionlotsandsizes.

*Qualitycontrol.

*Complexityreductionandtransparency.

*Wasteminimization. ThroughtheapplicationofInternetandSupplyChaininmodernbusiness,companieshaveextendedJust-in-timemanufacturingtooutsidethecompanies.Bydemandingfromthesupplierstodeliverinventorytothefactoryonlywhenit'sneeded,makingJITmanufacturing,orderinganddeliveryprocessesevenspeedier,moreflexibleandmoreefficient.Inthisway,integratedlogisticsandsupplychainsarebeingformed.Typicalattentionar8

TwobasicprinciplesofJITphilosophyaretheeliminationofwasteandimprovementofallcommercialactivitiesfromrawmaterialstofinishedproductdelivery.Forbothproductsandprocesses,JITfocusesonzeroinventory,nodefects,reducedleadtime,andshortdeliverytime.Theyalsofocusonsmallerlotsizes,employeedecisionmaking,supplierinvolvement,andcontinuoustraining.LogisticsmanagementplaysanequalandimportantroleinJITactivities. TheperformanceoflogisticsinJIToperationsiscriticalinanycontext,particularlyinanenvironmentwherebothproductionandsuppliersarespreadacrosstheglobe.ThispointissupportedbythefactthatthesuccessofmostJIToperationshasdependeduponclosegeographicdistancebetweensupplierandmanufacturer.Inotherwords,whensuppliersareclosebyoraround,lead-timeisshorterandtransportationeasiertomanage.Conversely,whenoperationsareacrosswidegeographies,managementofleadtimesandthesupportinglogisticsisachallengetoJIToperations. Twobasicprinciplesof9

Lead-timemanagementinaJIToperationisonlyoneaspectthroughthesupplychain.ForJITtobesuccessful,fundamentalchangesmustoccurinareasthatincludepurchasing,manufacturing,distributinganddelivering.Allmustbesupportedbyeffectivelogisticsperformance. OnegoodJIToperationissmallersize.Althoughabenefitmaybeachievedintheareaofinventory,agreaterexpensemaybeincurredinotherareas.Forexample,smallerlotsizesmeanmorefrequentpurchaseorders,whichwillcreateoverloadinthepurchasinggroup.JITprinciplessolvethisissueofworkloadbyhavinganagreedschedulewithvarioussuppliers.Needlesstosay,greatpotentialexistsforenhancingtheperformancewithlogisticstechniques. Lead-timemanagementina10

Inordertooperateaschedule-basedprogramwithsuppliers,logisticsmustbeinapositiontocoordinatedirectlywiththosesuppliers.InmostcasesthisisdonethroughaThirdPartyLogistics(3PL).Withthistypeofoperation,the3PLhastofollow-upschedules,coordinatewithanumberofsuppliers,andcommunicatewithallthepartiesinvolved.Clearly,coordinationofmultiplesuppliersinthiscontextisveryimportant,particularlyasitrelatestoreal-timecommunication,feedback,supplierperformance,shipmentprioritization,andordersmanagement. AnothergoalofJITistheeliminationofinspections.Thisisreasonabletoachieveinadomesticenvironment,butitisdifficultwithinternationaloperations.Issuesregardingproductquality,piececount,weight,anddocumentationmustbeaddressedbeforegoodsleavesuppliers’factories.Itusuallyassignslogisticsand3PLstoverifytheabovepointsbeforegoodsaredelivered.Althoughinspectionpriortoexportwillnoteliminateproductdefects,logisticswillcontributetominimizingthenumberofdefects.

11 Oncemerchandiseentersthelogisticschain,returningprocessisverydifficultandexpensivetohandle.JIToperationscannotaffordtohavecompromisedshipmentsattheportofdestination.Bythattime,payablesmayhavebeentriggered,dutiespaid,andbothmaterialsandcapacityarethereintheplace. Ifinboundshipmentsaresuccessfullychecked,whichincludescheckingproductsandprocess-relatedquality,theneedforfutureinspectioncanbereducedorshortened.However,forthisprocesstoworkeffectively,operationsmustbeagreeduponinadvancebetweenbuyer,supplier,and3PL. Successfulsupplychainmanagementrecognizesthetruenatureoffunctionalrelationships,identifieskeypointsofinterdependencyinthechain,andimplementsmechanismsthatwillmaximizetheprobabilityofsuccessfuloperations.LogisticscertainlymakesatangiblecontributiontoJITapplication. Oncemerchandiseenters12 Just-In-timephilosophyoriginatesfromJapanesemanufacturingorganizationsandhasextendedintothewholeprocessofproductionfromrawmaterialsselection,procurement,manufacturing,tillfinishedproductdelivery.ItalsoinvolvesallthepartiesinthewholeprocesstocontributetoJITapplication.

商務(wù)英語閱讀下冊unit-7_77課件13

JustinTime

即時生產(chǎn)（JIT）最先由日本豐田汽車公司的TaiichiOhno于上個世紀70年代初期提出,它是一種生產(chǎn)管理哲學。JIT要求物料供應(yīng)部門只有在裝配流程需要時才向組裝廠提供零配件，從而減少浪費。JIT理論的核心是看板管理（Kanban），Kanban是日語“卡片”的意思。當生產(chǎn)/裝配線上的原材料、零部件耗盡時，就會將Kanban送到倉庫，要求倉儲部門按照Kanban標明的定量提供原料、配件。JIT對精度的要求很高，即正確的部件必須即時地抵達準確的地點（裝配線）。它主要應(yīng)用于大規(guī)模重復(fù)生產(chǎn)流程。

LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTLanguagepointsUPPREV.14

即時生產(chǎn)的理論架構(gòu)認為，庫存是規(guī)劃不當、生產(chǎn)僵硬、設(shè)備錯誤以及質(zhì)量問題的一個可憐借口，

JIT的目標就是要在盡可能減少庫存的同時，提高顧客需求反應(yīng)速度。

庫存雖然有助于快速應(yīng)對不斷變化的顧客需求，但是不可避免地將增加成本以及對營運資金的需求?，F(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)和競爭的要求,已經(jīng)使JIT擴展到從原材料的采購到生產(chǎn)再到消費者手里的各個環(huán)節(jié)和過程中,因此對各個環(huán)節(jié)直接的及時溝通和緊密配合就顯得尤為重要和關(guān)鍵。UPPREV.NEXT即時生產(chǎn)的理論架構(gòu)認為，庫存是規(guī)劃不當、生產(chǎn)僵硬15leadtime

原指完成一項活動所需要的時間。這種活動通常指物料和產(chǎn)品的獲得,包括訂單準備時間、排隊時間、加工時間、搬運時間或運輸時間、接收和檢測時間。我們可以理解為生產(chǎn)周期，即訂貨到交貨的時間。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTleadtimeLanguagepointsUPPR16deliverytime交貨時間,在船運的階段,指的是貨物上船離開交貨港口的準確日期，即船期。

LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTdeliverytimeLanguagepointsU17lotsize

在物料計劃中，通過它來決定怎樣計算將要購買或產(chǎn)生的物料的數(shù)量。生產(chǎn)計劃中一方面是數(shù)量上的計劃lotsize,另一方面就是時間的安排schedule。

LanguagepointsPREV.NEXTUPlotsizeLanguagepointsPREV.N18

real-timecommunication

實時通訊，為了確保信息不在傳遞的過程中延誤而采取的通訊方法，現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)通過IT技術(shù)來保證實時通訊的完成。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTreal-timecommunicationLang19leanproduction

1990年，JamesWomack出版了《改變世界的機器》（TheMachinethatChangedtheWorld）一書，率先提出了“精益制造”（LeanManufacturing）的概念，有時也稱作為“精益生產(chǎn)”（LeanProduction）。

精益生產(chǎn)，以豐田汽車公司為代表的新的資本主義生產(chǎn)方式。其主要特征是對市場變化的快速反應(yīng)能力、同一條流水線可以生產(chǎn)不同的產(chǎn)品、適時供應(yīng)、多技能和具有團隊精神的勞動力、對生產(chǎn)過程不斷改進的動力與能力。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTleanproductionLanguagepoint20eliminate----vt.

排除,消除

e.g.theeffortstoeliminatetheracialdiscrimination

消除種族歧視的努力LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTeliminateLanguagepointsUPPREV21afford-----v.

提供,給予

e.g.Ican'taffordanhourforlunch.

我抽不出一小時吃午飯compromise----n.v.妥協(xié),折衷

e.g.acompromiseofmorality.

道德的淪喪LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTaffordLanguagepointsUPPREV.NE22turnover-----n.

流通量,營業(yè)額,周轉(zhuǎn)LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTturnoverLanguagepointsUPPREV.23approach-----n.v.

接近,方法

e.g.Theperformanceapproachesperfection.

性能近乎完美LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTapproachLanguagepointsUPPREV.24assign-----vt.

分配,指派

e.g.Thehardestworkwasassignedtothestrongestlaborers.

最繁重的工作分配給最強壯的勞工。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTassignLanguagepointsUPPREV.NE25accomplish-----v.

完成,達到,實現(xiàn)

e.g.toaccomplishapurpose

達到目的LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTaccomplishLanguagepointsUPPRE26originate-----vt.

引起,發(fā)起,創(chuàng)辦

vi.

起源,發(fā)生

e.g.originatethepracticeofmonthlyreports.

開創(chuàng)了每月報告的慣例

Alltheoriesoriginatefrompracticeandinturnservepractice.

任何理論都來源于實踐,反過來又為實踐服務(wù)。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXToriginateLanguagepointsUPPREV27verify-----v.校驗,核實

e.g.conductedexperimentstoverifythehypothesis

實驗以證實這個假設(shè)LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTverifyLanguagepointsUPPREV.NE281.WhichindustrydidJIToriginatefromatfirst？

Just-In-Time(JIT)isaJapanesemanagementphilosophywhichhasbeenfirstlyappliedinJapanesemanufacturingorganizations.ItwasdevelopedinToyotamanufacturingplantsbyTaiichiOhnoasameansofmeetingconsumerdemandswithminimumdelays.

I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.Reference1.WhichindustrydidJITorig29I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.2.WhatisthesignificanceofJITapplication?

Just-in-time(JIT)isdefinedasaphilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity.

Italsohasbeendescribedasanapproachwiththeobjectiveofproducingtherightpartintherightplaceattherighttime,inotherwords,“justintime”.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti30I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.3.WhatareasdoesJITcoverinthewholeprocessofproduction?TypicalattentionareasofJITinclude:Inventoryreduction.Smallerproductionlotsandsizes.Qualitycontrol.Complexityreductionandtransparency.Wasteminimization.ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti31I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.4.WhatarethetwobasicprinciplesofJITphilosophy?TwobasicprinciplesofJITphilosophyaretheeliminationofwasteandimprovementofallcommercialactivitiesfromrawmaterialstofinishedproductdelivery..ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti32I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.5.WhatdoesJITmeaninlogisticsandsupplychainmanagement? Bydemandingfromthesupplierstodeliverinventorytothefactoryonlywhenit'sneeded,makingJITmanufacturing,orderinganddeliveryprocessesevenspeedier,moreflexibleandmoreefficient.Inthisway,integratedlogisticsandsupplychainsarebeingformed.ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti336.WhocancontributetotheJITapplication?

ThroughtheapplicationofInternetandSupplyChaininmodernbusiness,companieshaveextendedJust-in-timemanufacturingtooutsidethecompanies.

I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.Reference6.WhocancontributetotheJ34

1.JIT2.productivity3.transparency4.lead-time5.Interdependency

6.plexity8.leanproduction9.faultyproduction10.workload

a.theamountofworkassignedtoorexpectedfromaworkerinaspecifiedtimeperiod

ductsfoundtobedefective

c.

containinglittleexcessorwaste

d.

difficulttounderstandorexplaine.

renamedasstocklessproduction

f.

aJapanesephilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity

g.amountofoutputcreatedintermsofgoodsproducedorservicesh.consideredtobeagoodcharacterasitshieldspeoplefromcomplexity

i..

theperiodbetweenacustomer'sorderanddeliveryofthefinalproduct

j.dependingheavilyoneachotherII.Readthefollowingtermsandmatcheachwithitsproperdefinition.

II.Readthefollowingterms351.f2.g3.h4.i5.j

6.c7.d8.e9.b10.a1.f2.g3.h4.i36

Just-in-time(JIT)isdefinedasaphilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity.

Italsohasbeendescribedasanapproachwiththeobjectiveofproducingtherightpartintherightplaceattherighttime,inotherwords,“justintime”.

Wasteresultsfromanyactivitythataddscostwithoutaddingvalue,suchastheunnecessarymovingofmaterials,theexcessinventory,ortheuseoffaultyproductionthatsrequiresrework.

JIT(alsoknownasleanproductionorstocklessproduction)shouldimproveprofitsandreturnoninvestmentbyreducinginventorylevels,increasetheinventoryturnoverrate,improveproductquality,reduceproductionleadtimeanddeliverytime.

III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseJust-in-time(JIT)isdef37

即時生產(chǎn)是一種基于減少廢品，持續(xù)提高生產(chǎn)效率的管理哲學。通常描述為,在要求的時間內(nèi),在合適的地點,生產(chǎn)出合格的產(chǎn)品的一種方法。不合格的產(chǎn)品可能來自于任何增加了成本而未創(chuàng)造價值的環(huán)節(jié)中，例如不必要的物料移動，過多的庫存，以及由于使用了不合格的產(chǎn)品而造成的再加工等。即時生產(chǎn)也被稱為精益生產(chǎn)或無庫存生產(chǎn)，通過降低庫存水平，提高庫存周轉(zhuǎn)率，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，減少生產(chǎn)時間和交貨時間等方式來提高利潤和投資回報率。

Reference即時生產(chǎn)是一種基于減少廢品，持續(xù)提高生產(chǎn)效率的管理哲學。381.即時生產(chǎn)是一種基于減少廢品，持續(xù)提高生產(chǎn)效率的管理哲學。

Just-in-time(JIT)isdefinedasaphilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference1.即時生產(chǎn)是一種基于減少廢品，持續(xù)提高生產(chǎn)效率的管理哲學392.即時生產(chǎn)最初應(yīng)用于日本的生產(chǎn)制造企業(yè)。

JITwasfirstlyappliedinJapanesemanufacturingorganizations.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference2.即時生產(chǎn)最初應(yīng)用于日本的生產(chǎn)制造企業(yè)。IV.Pleas403.

即時生產(chǎn)強調(diào)零庫存,零缺陷,降低生產(chǎn)周期,縮短交貨時間。JITfocusesonzeroinventory,nodefects,reducedleadtime,andshortdeliverytime.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference3.即時生產(chǎn)強調(diào)零庫存,零缺陷,降低生產(chǎn)周期,縮短交貨414.即時生產(chǎn)的另一個重要目的是排除檢驗。

AnothergoalofJITistheeliminationofinspections.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference4.即時生產(chǎn)的另一個重要目的是排除檢驗。IV.Please425.即時生產(chǎn)的理念已延伸至整個生產(chǎn)過程。

Just-In-timephilosophyhasextendedintothewholeprocessofproduction.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference5.即時生產(chǎn)的理念已延伸至整個生產(chǎn)過程。IV.Pleas43FocusonPublicTransportation

FastReadingI

UPPREV.NEXTFastReadingIUPPREV.NEXT44 Thegovernmentisgearinguptoplayabiggerroleindevelopingpublictransportation,accordingtoadocumentjointlyreleasedbyfourministriesonSaturday. Thedocument,releasedbytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionandtheministriesofconstruction,financeandlabourandsocialsecurity,describesthedevelopmentofpublictransportationasapriorityandcallsforfavourablepoliciestopromoteitsexpansion. QiuBaoxing,vice-ministerofconstruction,saidattheNationalConferenceofPublicTransportDevelopmentonSaturdaythatpublictransportationisthesurestwaytoeasetrafficcongestion,whichhasplaguedChina'smajorcitiesinrecentyears. Thedocumentsaysthegovernmentshouldbethemaininvestorinconstructionprojectsinthepublictransportationsector.Itcallsonthegovernmenttosetupinvestment,subsidyandcompensationsystemstopromoteitsdevelopment Thegovernmentisgearing45

Thecentralgovernmentisalsolookingtosubsidizepublictransportenterprisestooffsettheburdenoffutureincreasesinpetroleumprices. Thegovernmentwillalsodoanannualauditandappraisalofpublictransportenterprises'operationsandimplementaperformance-basedsubsidysystemtorewardthoseenterprisesthatdowellintheappraisals. QiusaidtheaveragespeedofvehiclesonBeijing'smainroadshadfallenbyhalfinthepastdecade,andthat60percentofthecity'smainintersectionssufferfromserioustrafficcongestion. "TherapidincreaseinthenumberofautomobilesontheroadshasplacedgreatpressureonBeijing'strafficconditions,resourcesandenvironment,"saidJiLin,vice-mayorofBeijing. "Treatingthedevelopmentofpublictransportationasapriorityisoneofthecity'slong-termstrategies.” JisaidthenumberofvehiclesplyingBeijing'sstreetshashit2.82millionandisstillincreasingattherapidrateof1,000newcarsperday. Thecentralgovernmenti46

"Itisunrealistictoattempttoresolvethecity'strafficjamssimplybywideningroadsbecauseanyefforttowidentheroadswouldlagbehindtheincreaseinautomobiles,"saidWangFengwu,anofficialwiththeMinistryofConstruction. Wangsaidtheministrywantedpublictransportationtoaccountforathirdofthetransportationavailableinthecountry'smaincitieswithinthenextfiveyears.Atpresent,publictransportationaccountsforonlyabout10percent.Wangsaidtheministrywasconsideringchangingthetrafficsignalsysteminsomecitiestofavourpublictransportation.Forexample,busescouldgetlongergreenlightsatintersections. "Itisunrealistictoa47 AccordingtostatisticsfromtheWorldBank,theaveragespeedofvehiclesonthemainroadsbetweenBeijing'ssecondandthirdringroadsduringrushhoursfellto10kilometre-per-hour(kph)lastyearfrom45kphin1994.Thatisslowerthanbicycles.Theeconomiclossescausedbytrafficcongestionreached250billionYuan(US$31.25billion),accountingfor2percentoftheyear’sGDP

Accordingtostatisticsfro481.()Accordingtoajoint-release,thepublicisrecognizedtoplayanimportantroleintransportation.2.()Chinesegovernmentshouldbethemaininvestorinconstructionprojects.3.()TheaveragespeedofvehiclesonBeijing’smainroadshadfalleninthepastdecade,and60percentofthepastintermsofspeed.4.()Treatingthedevelopmentofpublictransportationasapriorityisoneofthecity'slong-termstrategies.5.()Thenationaleconomyisgearedupbymoreautomobilesontheroadaccordingtothearticle.I.DeterminewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtothetext.Write“T”fortrueand“F”forfalseinthebrackets.1.()Accordingtoajoint-r491.F2.T3.F4.T5.F1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F501.Accordingtothe4ministries,______isafavorablepolicytopromotenationalexpansion.A.manufacturingofvehicleB.publicroadconstructionC.rapidincreaseinthenumberofautomobilesD.developmentofpublictransportationII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.1.Accordingtothe4ministri512.______causestheeconomiclossesofChinanowadaysalongthedevelopment.

A.DisorderedinvestmentB.Thepoliciesfromthe4nationalministriesC.TrafficcongestionD.PublicroadsconstructionII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.2.______causestheeconomic523.Thegovernmentpromotesitstrafficdevelopmentthrough_____________.

A.nationalinvestmentB.governmentsubsidyC.settinguptrafficpriorityD.investment,subsidyandcompensationsystemsII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.3.Thegovernmentpromotesits534.______isplaguingChina'smajorcitiesinrecentyearsfromthearticle.

A.Publictransportation B.ToomanyautomobilesonroadC.GovernmentsubsidyandcompensationontrafficD.Trafficcongestion

II.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.4.______isplaguingChina's545.Thecentralgovernmentsubsidizedpublictransportenterprises________.A.toeasethepublictrafficburdenB.towidenthepublicroadsC.asalongtermstrategyD.tooffsettheburdenoffutureincreasesinpetroleumprices

II.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.5.Thecentralgovernmentsubs55PremiumFreightMakesJITFitFastReadingIIUPPREV.NEXTPremiumFreightMakesJITFitF56Just-in-time(JIT)manufacturingisatremendousadvantage–wheneverythingworksperfectly.Butwhathappenswhenthesupplychainfallsoutofsync--whenanoverseassupplierhasequipmentproblems,environmentalfactorsdelaydeliveries,ordefectivepartsarediscoveredontheassemblyline?HowdosuppliersavoidchaosandkeepJITproductionrolling?UPPREV.NEXTJust-in-time(JIT)man57Onesolutionispremiumfreight--last-minuterushshipmentstobringinmaterialsorcomponents.Manufacturersgenerallyviewpremiumfreightasacostly,butunavoidable,nuisance.Buttheyseetheseshipmentsonlyasalargenumberofone-timeevents.Becauseit'sagiventhatpremiumfreightwillalwaysbepartofthemanufacturingprocess,especiallywiththeproliferationofJITplants,companiesshouldusetheservicestrategically.UPPREV.NEXTOnesolutionispremiu58Companiesshouldemployadvancedplanningthatmakespremiumfreightanintegralpartoftheproductionprocess.Thisensuresmaintenanceofthecustomer'sscheduleandbudget,andreducesthecostofexpeditedshipments.Theentireprocessoforderingpremiumfreighthasbeenrevolutionized,however,bytheemergenceofthird-partylogisticscompanies(3PLs).Thesecompaniesareunbiasedintheirchoiceofcarriers,usingperformancedatatomaketheirselections.UPPREV.NEXTCompaniesshouldemploy59One3PL,forexample,utilizesacontractedgroupofpre-qualifiedcarriers,eachwithanumericalperformanceratingtoensurequalityservice.Withthistypeoflogisticsmanagement,multipletransportationmodesarereadyandwaiting.Ratesarepre-negotiated,andcarriersrespondwithinveryshorttimewindows.Thebigadvantageofthird-partylogisticsprovidersisthattheyusethewebtonotifyabaseofcarriersquickly,receiveimmediatebids,andrapidlyassignshipments.ThisgivescarrierstheabilitytolinkelectronicallyintotheJITprocess.UPPREV.NEXTOne3PL,forexample,ut60Supplierscallthe3PLwhentheyneedanexpeditedshipmentandprovideparameterssuchasthenumberofpieces,weight,destination,anddeadline.Carriersbidonlinewithin15minutes,andthebestcarrierisselectedforaspecificjob.The3PLtakescareofalltheback-endbillingissues.Theimportanceofpremiumfreightwillgrowassupplierstakeonmoreresponsibilityforassembly.Suppliersareneweronthelogisticslearningcurvethanassemblyplantsandtypicallyarenotasefficient.Moreover,handlingtransportation--withitsstrictregulations,customsrules,newplayers,andnewmodes--canbecomplex.UPPREV.NEXTSupplierscallthe3PLw61New-productlaunchesalsodrivetheuseofpremiumfreight.Manufacturersquicklyworkoutthelogisticskinksinmatureproducts,butnewproductsdevelopproblemsthatoftenarenotfixedasfast.Yettheplantsneedtocontinuerunningwithoutanysafetystock.Pre-plannedpremiumfreightactuallyreducescosts.Visibilityofdeliverytimes,reportingtechniques,andbetternegotiatedratesallmeantheplantdoesnothavetomaintainasmuchinventoryandavoidsthepenaltiesassociatedwithslowingthelineordisruptingthesupplychain.UPPREV.NEXTNew-productlaunchesals62Globalcompaniesfindmanylocationsposebarrierstotransportation,sotheyneedagoodplaninplacewithapre-constructedcarriernetwork.Byplanningaheadandworkingwithahigh-tech,dedicatedlogisticspartner,companiescanrelievepressureonthesupplychain,increaseflexibility,cutcosts,andmakeJITabetterfit.UPPREV.NEXTGlobalcompaniesfindman63I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.1.UnderwhatconditionisJITmanufacturingatremendousadvantage?

Just-in-time(JIT)manufacturingisatremendousadvantagewheneverythingworksperfectlysync.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti64I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.2.WhatdoesPremiumFreightmean?

Premiumfreightmeansthelast-minuterushshipmentstobringinmaterialsorcomponents.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti65I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.3.What’smanufacturers’viewonpremiumfreight?

Manufacturersgenerallyviewpremiumfreightasacostly,butunavoidable,nuisanceandonlyasalargenumberofone-timeevents.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti66I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.4.Whatmakestheentireprocessoforderingpremiumfreightrevolutionized?

Theentireprocessoforderingpremiumfreighthasbeenrevolutionizedbytheemergenceofthird-partylogisticscompanies(3PLs).ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti67I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.5.What’sthebigadvantageof3PLnowadays?

Thebigadvantageofthird-partylogisticsprovidersisthattheyusethewebtonotifyabaseofcarriersquickly,receiveimmediatebids,andrapidlyassignshipments.ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti681.()It'sagiventhatpremiumfreightwillnotalwaysbepartofthemanufacturingprocess,especiallywiththeproliferationofJITplants.2.()Premiumfreightensuresmaintenanceofthecustomer'sscheduleandbudget,andreducesthecostofexpeditedshipments.3.()Carriersbidonlinewithin15minutes,andthebestcarrierisselectedforaspecificjobandtakescareofalltheback-endbillingissues.4.()Manufacturersquicklyworkoutthelogisticskinksinallproductsnomattermatureornew.5.()Globalcompaniesoftenfindmanylocationsposebarrierstotransportation,sotheyneedagoodplaninplacewithapre-constructedcarriernetwork.II.DeterminewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtothetext.Write“T”fortrueand“F”forfalseinthebrackets.

1.()It'sagiventhat691.F2.T3.F4.F5.THOME1.F2.T3.F4.F5.THOME70

UnitSeven

UnitSeven71了解JIT的含義了解JIT的精髓所在理解JIT對現(xiàn)在企業(yè)的意義TeachingObjectives了解JIT的含義TeachingObjectives72JITLeanproductionLeadtimeRealtimecommunicationTeachingEmphases

JITTeachingEmphases73TextFastReadingIFastReadingIIContentTextContent74Pre-readingquestions1.DoyouknowwhatJITstandsfor?2.WheredidJIToriginatefrom?TEXTGeneralIntroductiontoLogistics

UPPREV.NEXTPre-readingquestionsTEXTGen75商務(wù)英語閱讀下冊unit-7_77課件76商務(wù)英語閱讀下冊unit-7_77課件77

TypicalattentionareasofJITinclude: *Inventoryreduction.

*Smallerproductionlotsandsizes.

*Qualitycontrol.

*Complexityreductionandtransparency.

*Wasteminimization. ThroughtheapplicationofInternetandSupplyChaininmodernbusiness,companieshaveextendedJust-in-ti