Unit3 On the move單元語法課件-2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語外研版（2019）必修第二冊

Grammar動詞不定式作定語和結(jié)果狀語

Unit3Onthemove動詞不定式作定語和結(jié)果狀語語法原句再現(xiàn)①Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.(教材P35)②...howtheyusetheirbodiestopass,scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee...(教材P35)③Thismightsoundfunny,butoneonlyhastothinkabouttheEarthtorealisethatourplanetisshapedlikeafootball.(教材P36)

以上句子中都包含一個動詞不定式,在句子中用作定語或結(jié)果狀語。語法知識點撥語法梳理一、動詞不定式作定語用法例句邏輯關(guān)系主謂關(guān)系(被修飾的名詞或代詞實際上是不定式的邏輯主語)Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththework.我們需要有人來幫忙做這份工作。動賓關(guān)系(被修飾的名詞或代詞是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語)Canyougivemesomethingtoeat?你能給我點吃的東西嗎?同位關(guān)系(不定式與所修飾的名詞指的是一回事)WehavemadeaplantolearnfromLeiFeng.我們制訂了一個向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)的計劃。狀語關(guān)系(被修飾的名詞實際上表示動詞不定式動作的方式、時間等)Ihavenotimetogothere.我沒有時間去那兒。介詞使用不定式與其所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,且該不定式為不及物動詞時,其后應(yīng)加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,構(gòu)成及物動詞短語。Heisapleasantpersontoworkwith.他是一個合作起來令人感到愉快的人。Havingreunitedafteralongdeparture,thetwocertainlyhavealottotalkabout.兩人久別重逢,自有許多話要說。不定式作定語且所修飾的名詞是time,place或way時,不定式后的介詞一般要省去。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive.他沒有錢也沒有地方住。主動與被動當(dāng)不定式修飾的名詞或代詞為不定式動作的承受者時,不定式主動形式與被動形式的含義有所不同。Thereisnothingtodo.沒有事情可以做。Thereisnothingtobedone.什么也做不了。Ihavesomeclothestowash.(自己洗)我有一些衣服要洗。Ihavesomeclothestobewashed.(他人洗)我有一些需要洗的衣服。跟不定式作定語的名詞ability,ambition,anxiety,decision,desire,failure,offer,permission,plan,promise,refusal,wish,chance等。Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem.他向我們保證他有能力解決這個問題。Sheexpressedawishtobealone.她表示希望單獨待一會兒。二、動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語用法例句意義不定式作結(jié)果狀語,可以表示沒有預(yù)料到的或事與愿違的結(jié)果,不定式要放在句子后面。Ireturnedhomethatdaytofindthateverythingwasbeingingoodorder.那天我回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都那么井井有條。Afterthemeeting,theypartedcompany,nevertoseeeachother.散會后他們分道揚鑣,從此再也沒有見面。常用結(jié)構(gòu)enoughto...Shewasbraveenoughtogotherealone.她足夠勇敢獨自到那里去。too...to...Theyweretooexcitedtosayaword.他們太激動了,以至于一句話也說不出來。so...asto...YesterdaymorningIgotupsolateastobelateforschool.昨天早晨我起得那么晚,以至于上學(xué)都遲到了。such...asto...Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelievethat.我們不是那樣的蠢人,竟會相信那件事。onlyto...Theyliftedastoneonlytodropitontheirownfeet.他們搬起石頭卻砸了自己的腳。語境運用完成句子①Wefindheisnottherightperson

(一起共事).

②Hehasmadeaplan

(幫助同學(xué)).

③Sherushedhome,

(卻發(fā)現(xiàn))everythingwasgone.

④Isthelittlegirl

(足夠勇敢)togohomealoneatnight?

toworkwithtohelpclassmatesonlytofindbraveenough真題賞析1.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs’ability

(distinguish)betweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson’sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.(2021浙江6月,閱讀理解C)

todistinguish答案及剖析:1.todistinguish考查非謂語動詞。名詞ability意為“能力”,為抽象名詞,后接不定式作定語。2.Lambandmotherreunited,Iturnedbacktothetractoronly

____________.(see)itmovesuddenlyawayfromme.(2020浙江7月,完形填空)

tosee答案及剖析:2.tosee考查非謂語動詞。“onlytodo”表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。3.Themedian(中位數(shù))ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andisexpected

(increase)to42by2050.(2020浙江1月,語法填空)

toincrease答案及剖析:3.toincrease考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)“isexpected”可知,其后應(yīng)用不定式,意為“預(yù)計將……”。課文語法填空Thehistoryoffootball1.

(go)backovertwothousandyearstoAncientChina,whenitwasknown2.

cuju.Itwasagame3.

(use)aballofanimalskinswithhairinside,4.

goalswerehungintheair.Later,modernfootballstartedinGreatBritain,wherenewrulesweremade.

Footballissimpleandverycheaptoplay,which5.

(be)perhapsthebasisofitspopularity.Peopledon’tneedexpensive6.

(equip)andthefootballdoesn’tcostmuchmoney.Besides,anotherfactorbehinditsglobalpopularityisthecreativityandexcitementon7.

field.Itis8.

.(attract)tomillionsofpeople.Peoplecanseechildrenplayingto9.

.(they)hearts’contentwithaballeverywhere.What’smore,itha