信息與編碼實(shí)驗(yàn)一

桂林電子科技大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)與計(jì)算科學(xué)學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告院(系)數(shù)學(xué)與計(jì)算科學(xué)學(xué)號(hào)1200710218姓名韓尚莉成績(jī)課程名稱信息與編碼實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目名稱實(shí)驗(yàn)一信息熵的計(jì)算指導(dǎo)教師實(shí)驗(yàn)室：06406實(shí)驗(yàn)日期：2015年12月12日一，實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康膶⒁淮蠖斡⑽奈恼伦鳛橐y(tǒng)計(jì)的樣本文件對(duì)樣本文件進(jìn)行一維概率統(tǒng)計(jì)，并計(jì)算出信源熵及冗余度對(duì)樣本文件進(jìn)行二維概率統(tǒng)計(jì)，并計(jì)算出信源熵及冗余度二，實(shí)驗(yàn)原理在進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)時(shí)，首先要在程序中打開(kāi)文件，然后對(duì)文件中的字符讀入程序中，進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)。而在二維統(tǒng)計(jì)時(shí)，尤其要求對(duì)文件的指針操作要熟悉。如讀入“newspaper”時(shí)，應(yīng)該依次讀入“neewwssppaappeer”，而如果使用fgetc()等命令讀文件時(shí)，讀入的是“newspape”為了依次讀入“服ewwssppaappeer”，就要求在每次調(diào)入fgetc()等命令后，再將文件指針往后退一步，即要求學(xué)生能熟練使用fseek()命令進(jìn)行指針定位操作。三，使用儀器，材料計(jì)算機(jī)，VisualC++6.0四，實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容與步驟(過(guò)程及結(jié)果截圖)首先，下載或者建立一個(gè)含有英文字母的txt文檔，接下來(lái)，編寫程序統(tǒng)計(jì)字符以及計(jì)算熵。一維：#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<math.h>#define_FILEPATH"F:\\xinhao與編碼\\0.txt"#define_ALAPHA_NUMBER((int)('z'-'a'+1))voidPrintStati(intarr[],intsize);intStati(constchar*filePath,intarr[]);floatEntropCompute(intarr[],intsum,intarrSize);intmain(){intarr[_ALAPHA_NUMBER*2]={0};intsampleSize=0;sampleSize=Stati(_FILEPATH,arr);PrintStati(arr,_ALAPHA_NUMBER*2);printf("\n");printf("samplesize:%d\n",sampleSize);printf("entrop:%f\n",EntropCompute(arr,sampleSize,_ALAPHA_NUMBER*2));return0;}voidPrintStati(intarr[],intsize){inti=0;while(i<size){if(i<_ALAPHA_NUMBER){printf("%c:%d",i+'a',arr[i]);}else{printf("%c:%d",i+'A'-_ALAPHA_NUMBER,arr[i]);}i++;}}intStati(constchar*filePath,intarr[]){FILE*pFile=NULL;charc;intsum=0;pFile二fopen(filePath,"rb");if(pFile==NULL){printf("failtoopenfile");return0;}while(1){c=fgetc(pFile);if(c==EOF){break;}if(c>='a'&&c<='z'){arr[c-'a']++;sum++;}elseif(c>='A'&&c<='z'){arr[_ALAPHA_NUMBER+c-'A']++;sum++;}}fclose(pFile);returnsum;}floatEntropCompute(intarr[],intsum,intarrSize){floatentrop=0.0F;inti=0;floatprobability=0;while(i<arrSize){if(arr[i]!=0){probability=(arr[i]*1.0F)/sum;entrop+=(-probability*(log(probability)/log(2)));}i++;}returnentrop;}運(yùn)彳丁結(jié)果：S3F:\xinha曰與編碼命名Lexe—OXl：7206b:1818c：2709d:3191e：12962f:1889g：1914h:5286i:7222j:61k:5541:5861Im：2665n：7108o:8408p:2169q：43r:6339s:6658t:10577u：3103v:1223w：1945x:I.33y：2687z：2A:155B:69C:89D:88E:60F:92G:2H:201:309J:66K:2L:1M:79N10:43P:2Q:0R:2S:17T:191U:1V:1W:28X:0Y:2Z:0I;amplesize:105056sntrop:4.240259'rocessexitedwithreturnvalue0'ressanykeytocontinue...二維：#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>#include<stdlib.h>#defineNULL0intcharge(charc){intn;if(c>=65&&c<=90)c=c+32;if(c>+97&&c<=122){n=c-97;returnn;}elsereturn-1;}intmain(){intcount[26][26]={0};charzifu1,zifu2;inti,n,m,j;intsum=0;floatq,sum1=0;FILE*fp;

if((fp=fopen("F:\\xinhao與編碼\\0.txt","rb"))二二NULL){printf("can'topenfile!\n");exit(0);}while(!feof(fp)){zifu1=fgetc(fp);n=charge(zifu1);if(n!=-1){zifu2=fgetc(fp);m=charge(zifu2);if(m!=-1){count[n][m]++;fseek(fp,-1,1);}}}fclose(fp);for(i=0;i<26;i++)for(j=0;j<26;j++)sum=sum+count[i][j];printf("thenumberofallthecodeis%d\n",sum);q=(float)sum;for(i=0;i<26;i++)for(j=0;j<26;j++){if(j%3==0)printf("\n");printf("%c%c,%4d,%6.5f%%",i+97,j+97,count[i][j],count[i][j]*100/q);}printf("\n");for(i=0;i<26;i++)for(j=0;j<26;j++)if(count[i][j]));sum1=sum1+(float)((count[i][j]/q)*log10(1/(double)(count[i][j]/q))/log10((double)(2))printf("\n信息熵為：H(x)=%f\n",sum1);}運(yùn)彳丁結(jié)果：);1>1Z\shang.exeheni_unbero±alltJ^ieoccteis-門ri.rinririri%0.00000%n.nnnnn%u.uuucju%o.00000%u.uuuuu%o.00000%Ij.UUULiij%0.00000%n.nnnnn%o.uuuoo%0.00000%u.UUULJLJ%0.00000%Ij.OOuijij%0.00000%n.nnnnn%u.n.onnnn%U.UUULJLJ%o.00000%ij.UUULuj%0.00000%I-n-r-I--rn-T□n-.■!■-rn-T_Jr-.-I--r-I--r□I-behkn<l七-V工behkn蟲(chóng)t.wubcfhk11aaaaabbbbbbbbbL:c:1---'_■-:-I-n-r-I--rn-T-Jn-Jr-rn-T_Jr-I-I--r-I--r-Jnnonoouo-M-on^.5UO.M-4noo4GSO'J6U4'JJ<L30.□□□□□%0.00000%n.nnnnn%□.uuuuu%0.00000?ou.uuuuu%o.00000%a.oooaawo.00000%n.nnnnnw□.AlLJlb%0.00000%u.uuuuu%0.00000%ij.'joOCuj%0.00033%n.nnnnn%□.uuuuu%口一onnno%U.bya<Lb%0.4SG37%0.01129%0.00000%EF:斶碼實(shí)驗(yàn)W幅hang’ex巳xp,0,xs,0,Sxy,0,ya,Syd,Syg,Syj,0,ym,59,VP,12,ys,100,yv,0,yy,Sza,0,zd,0,格Sn0,部結(jié)結(jié)視本ES,本的字入0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.08328%0.01694%0.14115%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%RbK)o%驗(yàn)，將含有中，進(jìn)行統(tǒng)0.00000%xq,0,xt,17,xw,0,xz,0,yb,0,ye,97,yhn0,yk,0,皿0,雙0,yt,1,yw,0,V瓦0,zb,0,ze,1,zh,0,zk,0,zn,0,段英I段英B^實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)zz,0,0.00000%0.02400%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.13691%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00141%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00141%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%0.00000%rn作為要統(tǒng)進(jìn)行一維0.00000%ri.□□□□□%0.00000%n.nnnno%u.uuuuu%0.00000%u.uuuuu%0.00000%u.Ijijuuij%n.nnnnn%u.ouuuo%0.44744%u.0.273S3%0.ij'jOOu%0.45440%n.nnnnn