閔行區(qū)2018年高三英語一模試卷

閔行區(qū)2018年高三英語一模試卷閔行區(qū)2018年高三英語一模試卷閔行區(qū)2018年高三英語一模試卷V:1.0精細整理，僅供參考閔行區(qū)2018年高三英語一模試卷日期：20xx年X月閔行區(qū)2017學年第一學期高三年級質(zhì)量調(diào)研考試英語試卷考生注意：1.考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分.2.本考試設試卷和答題紙兩部分，試卷共12頁。所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分.3.答題前，務必在答題紙上填寫考生號和姓名.Ⅰ.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readdiefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atagasstation B.AtagasstationC.Inapark. D.Inanemergencyroom.2.A.Cleanthebackyard. B.Washingsomething.C.Sitinthebackyard. D.Dosomeshopping.3.A.Hefindshispresentjobboring. B.Heistoofoolishtodothepresentjob.C.liehasgotabeerposition. D.Hedoesn’tgetonwellwiththeothers4.A.Shehasatightschedule. B.Shehaslostinterestinsports.C.Thetrainingistoohard. D.Sheisonlyinterestedillroutinework.5.A.Rulesrestrictingsmoking. B.Waystoquitsmoking.C.Smokers’healthproblems. D.Dangersofsmoking6.A.He'sgoingtovisitaphotostudio. B.He'sjusthadhispicturetaken.C.He'sonthewaytothetheater. D.He'sjustreturnedfromajobinterview.7.A.Hehadtorejecttheirrequest. B.Hefeltsorryfortheotherstudents.C.Heagreedtoconsidertheirrequest D.Heregrettedthathehadsaid“Yes".8.A.Sheistryingtofindagood-lookingchair.B.Shethinksitisawell-designedchair.C.Shethinksthechairisactuallycomfortable.D.She'sneversatinthatchairbefore.9.A.Sheusedtobeinpoorhealth. B.ShewaspopularamongboysC.Shewassomewhatoverweight D.Shedidn’tdowellathighschool10.A.Reviewthedetailsofallherlessons B.ComparenoteswithhisclassmatesC.Talkwithherabouthislearningproblems. D.FocusonthemainpointsofherlecturesSectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Theexcitementofnerveactivitiesinthebrain.B.Thedifferencebetweencomplexmusicandsimplemusic.C.Theeffectsofmusicontheresultsofmathtests.D.Theclassicalmusicandreasoningability.12.A.Becauseitstimulatesyournerveactivity.B.BecauseitkeepsyoucalmC.Becauseitstrengthensyourmemory.D.Becauseitinterferesyourreasoningability.13.A.RockmusicmighthelpimproveyourmathtestscoresB.Theeffectsofmusicontestsdonotlastlong.C.ListentomusicjustbeforeyoutakeatestD.Themoreyoulistentomusic,thebetteryourreasoningabilitywillbeQuestions14to16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Itisthemostunluckydayinayear. B.Itisthebusiestshoppingdaynow.C.ItisthedayafterThanksgiving D.ItisthedaybeforeChristmas.15.A.Checkoutthelatestpricereductiononline.B.Lookroundforitemsinthephysicalstores.C.Ordertheproductsfromtheonlinestores.D.Waitinqueueoutsidethestoresovernight.16.A.100milliondollars. B.670milliondollars. C.20billiondollars. D.25billiondollars.Questions17to20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.ATheirattitudesaboutwork B.Differentformsofwork.C.Importanceofworkforoneself. D.Balancedlifeandwork.18.A.Themosthopeful. B.Themostchallenging.C.Themostcreative. D.Themostenjoyable.19.A.Hisnegativeattitudetowardswork.B.Hisunwillingnesstodosomethingforothers.C.Hisselfishnessindoingthings.D.Hismisunderstandingaboutpublishingwork20.A.Theworkisworthdoingifitischallengingandcompetitive.B.Theworkshouldbeverycreativeleadingtoawonder.C.Oneshouldlikehisworkandsticktoitaslongashetakesit.DOneshouldfindsatisfactioninhisworkifitisnecessary.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankHonesty,mymumalwaysusedtotellme,isthebestpolicy.Butwhenitcomestomedicine,Ihadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.Afterall,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust,andthereforehonestyisessential,orsoIthought.Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科).Mr.McMahon21inwhenhisbodywasfoundveryswollen（浮腫的）.Itookamedicalhistory22hisdaughterwhohadaccompaniedhimintheambulance.She'dbeenhismaincareerforyears.Istood23(look)athimasshegaveadetailedhistory."Hashelostanyweightrecently"Iasked,"Well,it'sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat,butyes."Shesaidslowly.Therewassilenceforafewmoments."WhyWhatareyouworriedabout"sheasked.ShewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwasonlyfairthatItold24thetruth."Well,weneedtoproveit'snotcancer."IsaidandtalkedbrieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder.Halfanhourlater,anursecalledme:"Mr.McMahon'sdaughterbrokedown－shesaidyoutoldherhehadcancer."Myheartsank.BythetimeIarrivedattheward,myconsultantwasalreadythere,explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmed25hehadcancer.Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.MyconsultantwasobviouslyangrywithmeandasweleftMr.McMahon,sheturnedtome."Whyonearthdidyoudothat"sheaskedindisbelief.Ilookedatherandbitmylip."SheaskedmewhatIwasworriedaboutandItoldher."Isaid,hangingmyhead."Andgivehermore26(worry)about"repliedmyconsultant."Youdon'tsaytheword'cancer'untilit'sconfirmed.27yoususpectit,thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople."Asitturnedout,itwasn'tcancer.ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworriedabouttheirlovedonethey'resometimesselectivein29theyhear－andasadoctorit'simportanttobemindfulofthis.Inbeingtruthful,I'dmadethesituation30(bad).SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.demanding B.addiction C.quarreling D.feedback E.socializingF.Distinction G.wrongly H.escape I.originally J.blameK.responsibilityHowmanytimeshaveparentshadtoaguewiththeiryoungsonordaughteraboutgettingtheirfaceoutoftheirphoneandfocusingontheworldaroundthemIt'scompletelynormalforparentsofgrowingchildrentobeconcernedabouttheirchild'ssafely,butistheir31tosocialmediareallyharmingthem.Socialmediawascreatedtoconnectpeoplewithothersonlineandhasrecentlybeenaddedtosmartphones,makingitfatmoreaccessiblethanit32was.ThisnewwaytoeasilybeabletousesocialmediahasencouragedchildrenandteenstobegintousesitessuchasFacebook,TwitterandInstagramfrequently.Maturingteensandchildrenareusuallyverytimidwhenitcomesto33withtheirfamilies,whichtheysometimesviewas"annoying”.So,whatdothesekidsuseasasolutionora(n)“34"Theanswerissimplesocialmedia.However,whentheyusesocialmediaforalargeamountoftime,parentslendtoshowconcernfortheirchildandblamesocialmediafor35theirattention.Theword,"social",wasenteredintotheterm,socialmedia,forareason.Parentsofgrowingteensdon'tseemtounderstandthat.WhentheyseetheirchildusingTwitterorInstagramtheythinkthattheyusingittogetawayfromrealworld36.Thetruth,however,isthattheyareusingittoconnedwiththeirclosefriends,makenewfriends,andreceiveinformationaboutwhatiscurrentlyhappeninginthemodemworldChildrenandteensare37accusedforusingsocialmediaonlyforentertainmentpurposesandforhugeamountsoftime.Sure,everyonewhousessocialmediaenjoyscontactingtheirfriendsandviewingentertainingthings,buthowcomechildrenreceiveallofthe38forabusingitParentsshouldreallythinkabouthowsocialmediacanhelpchildrenandteenslearnandgrowintherealworldratherthanitjustbeinganother39.Socialmediaasawholehasbothpositiveandnegativeaspects,butafterallofthe40frompre-teens,teens,andparentsisputtogether,itshowsthatmediaisactuallyhelpingthenewergenerationsintheirlives.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Yourbosstellsyouthatyoudidabadjob.Yourcoworkercriticizesyouinfrontofyourwholeteam.Ouch!It'snoteasytotakecriticism,nomatterwhoitcomesfrom.But,itiseasyto_41_theblowwhenyouoffercriticismtosomeoneinEnglish.Merelybyalteringyourwordingandyourattitude,youcanhelpsomeonegrowinsteadofmakingthemfeel42.Phraseslike"You’rewrong!”and“Yourpresentationwasterrible!"havenoplaceineffective43.Infact,it'sbesttoleavetheword"you"out,ifatallpossible.44attacksmakepeoplefeeldefective,andthentheywon'treallylistentoanythingyouhavetosay.Beforestartingwiththecriticism,warmthepersonupwith45.Ifyouarediscussingtheirwork,findseveralthingsyoutrulylikeaboutwhattheyhavedone.Forexample,"Ienjoyedyourpresentationtoday.Youpresentedalotofgoodandhelpfulinformationinit,andIcantellyouputalotofeffortintoit.Iappreciateyourhardwork."Thiswilllowertheir46andmakethemfeelappreciated.However,ashort47complimentsfollowedby"but"suchas“Itwasahelpfultalk,butyoureallyneedtoimproveyourpresentationskills"won'tdomuchtohelptheprocess.Afteryou’vesharedyourcompliments,allowthemtimetobe48.Asamatteroffact,49followingyourcomplimentwitha“,but”willdestroyallyou'vetriedtoaccomplishbymakingyour50seemfalseandinsincere.Rememberthatthegoalofconstructivecriticismisn’ttomakethepersonfeelterrible:it'stohelpthemgrow.Insteadofdirectly51theperson,trytogetthemessagethroughtothemintheformoflight-heartedadvice.Phraseslike."Nexttimeyoumightwantto…”or“Ifindithelpfulto"can52theblamewhilestillleavinganimpact:"Nexttimeyoumightwanttogivealittlemoreattentiontotheaudience.IfindithelpfultolookpeopleintheeyeswhileIamspeaking"Peoplecan'tchangeovernight,especiallyiftheydon’tgetdetailed53.Asyoumighthaveknown,54saying“youneedtoworkonyourpresentationskills“won’thelpasoul!Bedetailedinyouradvice!Showmoderationwhenyoucriticizeanyoneandkeepinyourmindthatover-criticismcaneasily55people.Remember,youwantthemtokeeptryingandimproving.Don'tleavethemfeelingdefeated'41.A.suffer B.accept C.soft D.ignore42.Adefeated Bencouraged C.motivated D.disturbed43.A.discussion B.argument C.explanation D.criticism44.A.Immediate B.Personal C.Accurate D.Continuous45.A.interactions B.impressions C.personalities D.compliments46.A.defense Bspirit C.moral D.position47.A.decisive B.serious C.vague D.concrete48.A.corrected B.challenged C.debated D.absorbed49.A.carefully B.reluctantly C.immediately D.occasionally50.A.praise B.attitude C.assistance D.achievement51.A.helping B.accusing C.praising D.dismissing52. A.makeup B.focuson C.leadto D.takeaway53. A.command B.comment C.instruction D.information54. A.sincerely B.simply C.politely D.unwillingly55. A.overload Bpromote C.inspire DsimulateSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.EachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorUnfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)KoreanAmericansatGBSHighSchoolGlenbrookSouth(GBS)HighSchoolisinasuburbofChicago,Illinois,intheUnitedStates.Itisanaward-winningschoolwithahighlycompetentteachingstaff.Ithasover400AsianPacific.Americanstudents-over17percentofdiestudentsintheschool.Ofthese,themajorityareKoreanAmerican.ThisisveryunusualinastatewhereKoreanAmericansarelessthan1percentofthepopulation.TheinteractionsoftheKoreanAmericanstudentsatUBSwerethesubjectofanarticleDifferentKoreanAmericanstudentsreactdifferentlytobeinginahighschoolweremoststudentsarewhite.ProfessorPyongGapMin,anexpertonKoreanlifeinAmerica,believesthatKoreanAmericansinthissituationcansometimesfeelinhibitedorashamedoftheirKoreanidentity.AsianWeekinterviewedanumberofGBSstudents,andAlice18yearsoldIusedtospendtimeonlywithKoreanAmericanfriendsAlthoughIfeltsecurewiththosefriends,Ifoundmyselfmotivatedtoformcloserrelationshipwithnon-Koreans,too.IfeltIwasmissingoutonnewexperiencesandchallenges.Paul16yearsoldIhavesomeKoreanAmericanfriends,butIspendmostofmytimewithwhitefriends.I’moftentheonlyAsianAmericaninthegroup,butIdon’tmind.WhatIlikeaboutthewhitecultureisthatIcanbemoreradical.IcanbeasloudandfunnyasIwanttobe.Idon’tseeasmuchofthatamongtheAsianstudents.John17yearsoldInjuniorhighschool,mostofmyfriendswerewhite.AftercomingtoGBS,mysenseofmyKoreanAmericanidentitywasrestored,andIdecidedtohavemainlyKoreanAmericanfriends.IfeelthatmyKoreanAmericanfriendsandImainlyunderstandeachotherbetter.Forexample,weunderstandaboutsevereparentalpressurestosucceedatschool;Ifeltmywhitefriendscouldn’treallyunderstand.Withoutbelittle(輕視）theimportanceofwhatthesestudentshadtosay,it’simportanttorememberthattheiropinionsatthisphaseoftheirlivesateboundtochangeastheygrowintoadulthood.Butthesehonestopinionscanhelpusbetterunderstandissuesofculturerelations,andtheirhonestymighthelpAmericansfromdifferentculturalgroupstogetalongbetterinthefuture.56. Thepassagemainlydiscusses.A.howKoreanAmericanstudentsinteractamongthemselvesandwithothersB.whyIllinoisisaveryspecialstateC.howanIllinoishighschoolwelcomesKoreanAmericanstudentsD.differentopinionsofthefriendsofKoreanAmericanstudents57. WhichstatementbestsummarizesAlice'sattitudeA.Shefeelsthatherwhitefriendsdon’treallyunderstandherB.ShelikesherKoreanAmericanfriendsbutwantstohavenon-Koreanfriendstoo.C.ShefeelssheismissingoutonexperienceswithherKoreanAmericanfiends.D.Shedoesn’tfeelsecureinherrelationshipswithnon-Koreans.58. Theunderlinedword“radical”mostprobablymeans" "A.timid B.expressive C.considerate D.sensitive(B)ThedocumentaryBloodLionsshowsSouthAfrica'scruel"canned'lionhuntingindustry.Incannedhunts,lionsareraisedbyhumansandkeptinenclosedspacesonprivatehuntingareas.Hunterscangettrophy（戰(zhàn)利品）easilyinexchangeforfeesofupto$50,000.Thereareabout8,000ranchlionsinSouthAfrica.Sothecountry’sIanMichlerwasaleadcharacterinthefilm.HetalkedaboutBloodLionslastJulywhenitwasshowninDurban,SouthAfrica.Thefilmhassincebeenviewedin185countries.Morethan50screeningshavebeenheldatfilmfestivalsandinmeetingsofspecialinterestgroups.Thisyear,BloodLionswillbeshownaOutsidethefilm,Michlerandtheteamarerunningaglobalcampaign.Theyareaimingatendingcannedhuntsandothercold-bloodedactivitiesinvolvinglionsandotheranimals.Australiabecamethefirstcountry,inFebruary2015,toforbidimportsofliontrophies.ItwasfollowedbyFranceinNovember,Thatmonth,BloodLionswasshownintheEuropeanParliament.Asaresult,thegovernmentofFinland,Italy,andSpaindecidedtoholdtheirownscreenings.ThereareanumberofothercountrieslikelytodotheAtthesametime,attheendoflastyear,theworld'sleadinggroupofAfricanlionresearchersofferedanimportantsuggestionTheyadvisedthatanyanalysisofthepresentstateofwildlionsinSouthAfricashouldnotincludeitsthousandsofranchlions.WildlionsinSouth"ThegreatmajorityoflionpopulationsinAfricahavebeenreduced,”saysHansBauer,lionresearcheratOxfordUniversityWildlifeConservationResearchUnit.'It'simportanttostressthatSouthAfrica'sranchlionsarehorrorthathasnothingtodowithlionprotection.Theselionsshouldneverbetakenintoaccountinanyseriousanalysisofthestateoflionsin59. WhatdowelearnaboutthedocumentaryBloodLionsA.Ithasaninternationalinfluence. B.Ithasattractedmanytourists.C.Ittellthestoryofalionfighter. D.Ithasbroughttheproducerlotsofmoney60.Michlerandhisteam'scampaign .A.wasfirststartedinAustralia B.haswonlittlesupportinEuropeC.hasachievednoticeableeffects D.aimstosaveendangeredanimals61.WhatcanweinferaboutHansBauerA.Hesuggestsanalyzinglionsproperly.B.HehasseenanincreaseofAfricanwildlionsC.Hemaybeastrongsupporteroftrophyhunting.D.HehopesthattherewillbemoreranchlionsinAfrica.62.WhatisthemainpurposeofthepassageA.Toexplainthemainideaofanewfilm.B.ToreportananimalprotectioncampaignC.Toencouragefannersloraiseranchlions.D.ToadvertiseSouthAfrica'shuntingindustry.(C)Oneofthemainchallengesfacingmanycountriesishowtomaintaintheiridentityinthefaceofglobalizationandthegrowingmulti-languagetrend."OneofthemainreasonsforeconomicfailureinmanyAfricancountriesisthefactthat,withafewimportantexceptions,mother-tongueeducationisnotpracticedinanyoftheindependentAfricanstates."saidNellieAlexander,DirectoroftheProjectfortheStudyofAlternativeeducationinSouthAfricaattheInresponsetothespreadofEnglishandtheincreasedmulti-languagetrendsarisingfromimmigration,manycountrieshaveintroducedlanguagelawsinthelawsinthelastdecade.Insome,theuseoflanguagesotherthanthenationallanguageisbannedinpublicspacessuchasadvertisingposters.Oneofthefirstsuchlegalprovisionswasthe1994"ToubonLaw"inFrance,buttheideahasbeencopiedinmanycountriessincethen.Sucheffortstogovernlanguageuseareoftendismissedasfutilebylanguageexperts,whoarewellawareofthedifficultlyincontrollingfashionsinspeechandknowfromresearchthatlanguageswitchingamongbilingualsisanaturalprocess.ItisespeciallydifficultfornativespeakersofEnglishtounderstandthedesiretomaintainthe“purity”ofalanguagebylaw.SincethetimeofShakespeare,Englishhascontinuallyabsorbedforeignwordsintoitsownlanguage.Englishisoneofthemostmixedandrapidlychanginglanguagesintheworld,buttherehasnotbeenabarriertoacquiringprestigeandpower.AnotherreasonforthefailureofmanynativeEnglishspeakerstounderstandtheroleofstateregulationisthatithasneverbeentheAnglo-Saxonwayofdoingthings.Englishhasneverhadastate-controlledauthorityforthelanguage,similar,forexample,totheAcademicFrancaiseinFrance.Theneedtoprotectnationallanguagesis,formostwesternEuropeans,arecentphenomenon—especiallytheneedtoensurethatEnglishdoesnotunnecessarytakeovertoomanyfields.Publiccommunication,educationandnewmodesofcommunicationpromotedbytechnology,maybekeyfieldslodefend63.NevilleAlexanderbelievesthatA.mother-tongueeducationisnotpracticedinallAfricancountriesB.globalizationhasresultedintheeconomicfailureofAfricaC.globalizationhasledtotheriseofmulti-languagetrendsD.lackofmother-tongueeducationcanleadtoeconomicfailure64.Theunderlinedword“futile”(inparagraph2)mostprobablymeans“”. A.workable B.practical C.useless D.unnecessary65.WhydomanyEnglish-speakingcountriesnotsupportthelanguageprotectioneffortsdescribedinthepassageA.Theythinklanguageprotectionlawsareineffective.B.Theywanttheirlanguagetospreadtoothercountries.C.Theyhavealonghistoryoftakingwordsfromotherlanguages.D.Itreducesalanguage'sabilitytoacquireinternationalimportance66.WhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphA.EnglishhastakenoverfieldslikepubliccommunicationandeducationB.ManysheetsofnationalculturearethreatenedbythespreadofEnglish.C.Mostlanguageexpertsbelieveitisimportanttopromoteanationallanguage.D.Europeanshavelongrealizedtheneedtoprotecttheirnationallanguages.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A. Butthebrainisalsoveryplastic.B. Mostimportantly,geniusesallseemtohaveamissionbeyondtheirindividualidentityC. Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolvefutureproblems.D. Practicingambitiouslywouldbeadrivingforceofwomenapproachingthesuccess.E. Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.F. Instead,it'sdeliberatepractice.ThelatestresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerelyaccomplishedisnotIQ,agenerallybadpredictor'ofsuccess.68Topperformersspendmorehourspractisingtheircraft.Ifyouwantedtopicturehowatypicalgeniusmightdevelop,you'dtakeagirlwhopossessedaslightlyaboveaveragelanguageability.Itwouldn’thavetobeabigtalent,justenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouwouldwanthertomeet,say,anovelist,whocoincidentallysomesimilarqualities.Maybethewriterwasfromthesametown,hadthesamefamilybackground,orsharedthesamebirthday.68Itwouldgivehersomeideaofafascinatingcircleshemightsomedayjoin.Itwouldalsohelpifoneofherparentsdiedwhenshewas12,givingherastrongsenseofinsecurityandfuellingadesperateneedforsuccess,Armedwiththisambition,shewouldreadnovelsandlifestoriesofwriterswithoutend.Thiswouldgiveheraprimaryknowledgeofherfield.She’dabletoseenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings.Thenshewouldpractisewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslow,painstakinganderrorfocused.Bypractisinginthisway,sitedelaystheautomatizingprocess.Hermindwantstoturnconscious,newlylearnedskillsintounconscious,automaticallyperformedskills.Bypractisingslowly,bybreakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepealing,sheforcesthebraintointernalizeabetterpatternofperformance.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovideaconstantstreamoffeedback,viewingherperformancefromtheoutside,correctingthesmallesterrors,pushinghertotakeontougherchallenges.Bynowsheisredoingproblems-howdoIgetcharactersintoaroom-dozensanddozensoftimes.69Theprimaryqualityouryoungwriterpossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It'stheabilitytodevelopapurposeful,laboriousandboringpracticeroutine.Thelatestresearchtakessomeofthemagicoutofgreatachievement.Butitunderlinesafactthatisoftenneglected.Publicdiscussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe're"hardwired"todo.Andit'struethatgenesplayaroleinourcapabilities.70Weconstructourselvesthroughbehavior.Ⅳ.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.CaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerican’slargestbirds,willwing-lengthofupto3meters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoningnearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewild,andtherearenow

morethan150flyingover

California

andnearby

Arizona,

Utah

andBajain

Mexico.Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff.“Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon’tseethepowerlines,”saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution(電死)iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofset-freedcondorsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.Leadpoisonoushasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.

Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidneyfailuresanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveraldays.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to%in2011.Rideout’steamthinksthatthe

California

condors’averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnow

justundereightyears.“Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow,