2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)天津卷及參考答案

2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)天津卷英語(yǔ)筆試第I卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)2.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)；單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例:Standoverthereyou'llbeabletoseeitbetter.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B?！狪guessyouwanttogoplaytennis.—.That'sexactlywhatIwasthinkingtoo.A.Ididn'tgetitB.It'suptoyouC.YouneverknowD.YoureadmymindItosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage，butIcouldn'tmanageit.hadhopedB.amhopingC.havehopedD.wouldhopeAstudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.onesB.thoseC.theseD.themtothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.LearnB.LearnedC.LearningD.Havinglearnedalltheproblems,severaloftheplayersproducedexcellentperformances.AccordingtoB.InsteadofC.InadditiontoD.Inspiteof—Mysongotafullscholarshiptohisdreamuniversity!—Wow,!What'shegoingtostudy?A.goodforhimB.goforitC.whatacoincidenceD.allthebestWecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea（n）onourlivesinmanyways.statementB.impactC.impressionD.judgmentAmy,aswellasherbrothers,awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A.isgivenB.aregivenC.wasgivenD.weregivenKateheardaman'svoiceinthebackground,butshecouldn'twhathewassaying.A.setasideB.takebackC.makeoutD.keepoffMostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespeciallytohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.A.designedB.designingC.todesignD.beingdesignedTheirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.whatTheprofessorwarnedtiestudentsthatonnoaccountusemobilephonesinhisclass.A.shouldtheyB.theyshouldC.daretheyD.theydareTomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinionhewantstheirsupport.A.sinceB.onceC.unlessD.after14.Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheythetaskinhalfthetime.A.accomplishedB.hadaccomplishedC.wouldaccomplishD.wouldhaveaccomplished15.Adog'seatinghabitrequiresregulartrainingbeforeitisesatblished.A.properlyB.widelyC.originallyD.temporarily第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16?35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegroceryonenight，whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,whichwasnowspeedinginthedarktosomestation.The17momentwasquicklyfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethe18ofthatlittlewallet？Thecreditcards，thedriver'slicense，thecash，alllosttothebus.Twohourslater，backatmyhouse，Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband19itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom.“DoesJenniferlivehere？”Iheardaladysay.Inmyhusband'shandwasmywallet，withnotapenny20.SheleftbeforeIcould21makeittothedoortooffermythanks.Aftersharingthestoryonline，Iheardfromsomeone，who22theladyasErinSmith.Without23，Icalledtothankher.Shesaidshe24mywalletonabusseat.She25thatgoingtoastranger'shousewasa26move,butshedecidedtotakethechance."IfIwereinthat27.Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme，"shesaid.Thisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmall28,butsheactuallywasn'ttheonlyone.RightafterErin29mywalletonthebus,shepostedapictureofmydriver'slicensetoanonlineforum（論壇）,tryingtosee30anyoneknewme.NosoonerdidsheleavemydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson'snurseryandwhorecognizedmyface.I'venever31wordswiththosemomsbeyondsmalltall,buttheywantedtohelp.Ireadthatpeoplearemoredividedthanever,butthat'snothowthepeopleI32tendtoact.33,Ifeelblessedsomeonehadwantedtohelpastranger.Erinhadgone34whatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,andforthatIwasextremely35.16.A.accessibleB.hiddenC.unknownD.convenient17.A.face-savingB.brain-washingC.eye-catchingD.heart-stopping18.A.partsB.contentsC.detailsD.ingredients19.A.ignoredB.answeredC.examinedD.interrupted20.A.missingB.returnedC.remainingD.abandoned21.A.stillB.everC.yetD.even22.A.selectedB.appointedC.identifiedD.defined23.A.delayB.alarmC.regretD.invitation24.A.movedB.placedC.openedD.spotted25.A.disagreedB.complainedC.calculatedD.recommended26.A.selflessB.riskyC.slowD.personal27.A.siteB.directionC.situationD.atmosphere28.A.crisisB.dangerC.threatD.failure29.A.gotridofB.madeuseofC.hadcontrolofD.tookpossessionof30.A.ifB.whereC.howD.when31.A.recalledB.exchangedC.repeatedD.whispered32.A.encounterB.followC.consultD.accompany33.A.GoingawayB.TurningaroundC.LookingbackD.Comingalong34.A.intoB.againstC.overD.beyond35.A.longingB.enthusiasticC.concernedD.grateful第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D國(guó)個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHistoryFairCompetitionUnderstandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.Historyismuchmorethanthestudyofdustyoldobjectsandeventslongpast.Itisanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbecome.ThorntonfiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetitionmakesunderstandinghistoryexciting，engaging，andfun！ThisYear'sThemeAllparticipantsmustaddresshowcommunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.Tomanypeople，technologymeanscomputers，hand-helddevices，orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.However，technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem，touchinglivesincountlessways.Individualsorgroupsmayenteroneofthefollowingcategories：PerformanceDocumentary（紀(jì)實(shí)作品）?EssayWritingCategoryRequirementsPerformance:Adramaticpresentationofthetopicnomorethan10minuteslong.Ifspecialclothesareused，theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.Documentary:Avisualpresentation（suchasavideo，slideshow，orcomputerproject）nomorethan10minuteslong.Adesktopcomputer，screen，projector，andloudspeakerswillbeavailable.StudentsmustprovidetheirpresentationsonCDsbeforeFriday，March23.EssayWriting:Anacademicpaperof2000to2，500words.Noillustrations（圖解）areallowed.Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded.ImportantDatesJanuary5Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisoff-topicorunclear.February5Submitafirstdraftofyouressay，performancescript（劇本），ordocumentaryhighlights.February19Acommitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopinions.Studentsthenhavean

March9March15March24opportunitytoimprovetheirproducts.Submitafinaldraftofyouressay.PerformanceanddocumentarycommitteepreviewThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetition7：00A.M-9March9March15March24opportunitytoimprovetheirproducts.Submitafinaldraftofyouressay.PerformanceanddocumentarycommitteepreviewThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetition7：00A.M-9：00A.MParticipantssigninginatthegym10：00A.M.-6：00PM.Competitionandjudges'review7：00P.M.36.AccordingtoParagraph1，whatisthemajorgoalofunderstandinghistory？Topreservenationaltraditions.Toprepareforahistorycompetition.Tobetterknowthepresentandfuture.Tofurtherexplorehistoricalmysteries.37.Whatisthethemeofthisyear'scompetition？Technologyadvancesscience.Scienceinteractswithtechnology.Sciencehasmadethestudyofhistoryeasy.D.TechnologyhasimprovedthelifeofAmericans.Amongtheitemsprovidedbytheschoolforavisualpresentationare.specialclothesandascreenadesktopcomputerandaCDaprojectorandspecialclothesadesktopcomputerandloudspeakersWhatwouldaparticipanthavetodowithanessayof1,500wordstomeetthecategoryrequirement?Includemoreinformationintheessay.Removethereferences.Provideacoverfortheessay.Explainthedetailswithillustrations.WhatwillthecommitteeofteachersdoonFebruary19?Previewperformancesanddocumentaries.Makecommentsonthematerials.Improvetheparticipant'sfirstdraft.Collectasecondproposalfromtheparticipant.BImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon'tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,"Ican'tbelievewhat'sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,"mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,"TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,"Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA'sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn'tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI'mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon'thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We'retaughttoreadbecauseit'snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom'shands？Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C.Shecouldn'twaittotearthenewspaperapart.Shecouldn'thelpbutstopmomfromreading.42.AccordingtoParagraph3，theauthor'sreadingofroadsignsindicatesheruniquewaytolocateherselfhereagernesstodevelopherreadingabilityherefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficruleshergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher.43.Whatwastheauthor'sviewonfactualreading？Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto.exploreafantasylanddevelopapassionforleaninglearnabouttheadultcommunitygetawayfromaconfusingworldWhatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheMagicofReadingThePleasureofReadingGrowingUpwithReadingReadingMakesaFullManCHowdoesanecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves？Tofindananswer，scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs，notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食動(dòng)物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（獵物），thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction（滅絕）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable，wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s，scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean，wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale，whileonland，wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally，thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey，scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（臨界點(diǎn)），itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.AstronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredatorhasawidefoodchoicecaneasilyfindnewpreystickstoonepreyspeciescanquicklymovetoanotherplaceWhatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance？A.Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.Bybringingthebroken-downecosystemsbacktonormal.Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.DWouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning，andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives，hedeterminestowriteabook.Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉訶德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.Mostofus，infact，progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But，ifwearewillingtolean，theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease，somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm，wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However，wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones，tofellowhumans，towork，ortosomemoralconcept.Manyofusequate（視等同于）“commitment"withsuch“caring"occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruck，orrunningastore-maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat.A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativityB.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoalmiseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfatedisabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccessWhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean？A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.B.Wasteone'senergytakingrisks.C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4？A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5？A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage？A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.第II卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。2.本卷共6小題，共35分。第三部分：寫作第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問題。HazeMabry，whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears，walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans，wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.LastFriday，afterhearrivedattheschool，insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup，hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards，blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80th.Ashewalkedthelonghallway，somepoppedoutoflimetohughim.Theyhandedhimsomanycardsthattheyfilledseverallargeboxes.Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection.Mabrythankedthemall."They'relikemychildren,"Mabrysaid.Onaregularday，studentsattheschoolsometimescomeuptohimtosaythey'renotfeelingwellorothertimestotellhimaboutsomethingthathappenedatbreak.Heknowsmostofthekidsattheschool，butcan'tnameeachone.Someofthemmakehimknowthem.LikeFaith，whooftenforgetsherbackpackinthecafeteria，andLucy，whojustwantsahug.“Hewon'tbrag(夸耀)onhimself,butitdoesn'tmatterwhathe'sdoingorwhereheishewillalwaysstopwhathe'sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproacheshim，hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattention.He'sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding,"saidLoriGilreath,areadingteacher.Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon'twanttotouch.Hedoesn'texpectalot.Mabrysaidhehadn'tplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday,sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebration.Overtheweekend,heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouse.Onecardfromastudentstoodouttohim.Itread:“Mr.H