新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后翻譯答案

新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后翻譯答案新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后翻譯答案新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后翻譯答案資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后翻譯答案版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3課后翻譯答案Unit11.Weallsensedwewerecomingtotheendofourstayhere,thatwewouldnevergetachancelikethisagain,andwebecamedeterminednottowasteit.MostimportantofcoursewerethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.Noonewantedthehumiliationoffinishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.Librarieswhichwereonceemptyafterfiveo’clockintheafternoonwerestandingroomonlyuntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.我們都覺(jué)得在校時(shí)間不多了，以后再也不會(huì)有這樣的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)了，所以都下定決心不再虛度光陰。當(dāng)然，下一年四五月份的期末考試最為重要。我們誰(shuí)都不想考全班倒數(shù)第一，那也太丟人了，因此同學(xué)們之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力特別大。以前每天下午五點(diǎn)以后，圖書館就空無(wú)一人了，現(xiàn)在卻要等到天快亮?xí)r才會(huì)有空座，小伙子們熬夜熬出了眼袋，他們臉色蒼白，睡眼惺忪，卻很自豪，好像這些都是表彰他們勤奮好學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?TomorrowIt’sallalie;thereisn’tatomorrow.There’sonlyapromissorynotethatweareoftennotinapositiontocash.Itdoesn’tevenexist.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningit’llbetodayagainandallthesameruleswillapply.Tomorrowisjustanotherversionofnow,anemptyfieldthatwillremainsounlesswestartplantingsomeseeds.Yourtime,whichistickingawayaswespeak(atabout60secondsaminutechronologically;abitfasterifyoudon’tinvestyourtimewisely),willbegoneandyou’llhavenothingtoshowforitbutregretandarear-viewmirrorfullof“couldhaves”,“shouldhaves”and“wouldhaves”.明天行嗎明天只是個(gè)謊言；根本就沒(méi)有什么明天，只有一張我們常常無(wú)法兌現(xiàn)的期票。明天甚至壓根兒就不存在。你早上醒來(lái)時(shí)又是另一個(gè)今天了，同樣的規(guī)則又可以全部套用。明天只是現(xiàn)在的另一種說(shuō)法，是一塊空地，除非我們開始在那里播種，否則它永遠(yuǎn)都是空地。你的時(shí)間會(huì)流逝（時(shí)間就在我們說(shuō)話的當(dāng)下嘀嗒嘀塔地走著，每分鐘順時(shí)針走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它會(huì)走得更快些），而你沒(méi)有取得任何成就來(lái)證明它的存在，唯獨(dú)留下遺憾，留下一面后視鏡，上面寫滿了“本可以做”、“本應(yīng)該做”、“本來(lái)會(huì)做”的事情。1對(duì)于是否應(yīng)該在大學(xué)期間詳細(xì)規(guī)劃自己的未來(lái)，學(xué)生們意見(jiàn)不一。有的人認(rèn)為對(duì)未來(lái)應(yīng)該有一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)和詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃，為日后可能遇到的挑戰(zhàn)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備；有的人則認(rèn)為不用過(guò)多考慮未來(lái)，因?yàn)槲磥?lái)難以預(yù)料。(mapout;braceoneselffor;uncertainty)Studentsdifferaboutwhethertheyshouldhavetheirfuturemappedoutwhentheyarestillatuniversity.Somethinktheyshouldhaveadefinitegoalanddetailedplan,soastobracethemselvesforanychallenges,whereassomeothersthinktheydon’thavetothinkmuchaboutthefuture,becausefutureisfullofuncertainties.2經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)檢查，這位科學(xué)家得知自己患了絕癥。雖然知道自己將不久于人世，他并沒(méi)有抱怨命運(yùn)的不公，而是準(zhǔn)備好好利用剩下的日子，爭(zhēng)取加速推進(jìn)由他和同事們共同發(fā)起的那個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目，以提前結(jié)項(xiàng)。(tickaway;makethebestof;haveashotat)Afteraverycarefulcheck-up,thescientistwastoldhehadgotafataldisease.Althoughheknewthathislifewastickingaway,insteadofcomplainingaboutthefate,thescientistdecidedtomakethebestoftheremainingdays,andspeeduptheresearchprojectheandhiscolleaguesinitiated,andhaveashotatcompletingitaheadofschedule.Unit21MyflyingdreamswerebelievableasalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwouldawakewithasuddenshock,abreathlesssenseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromtheskyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustintime.ThesenightlyadventuresinspacebeganwhenSupermanstartedinvadingmydreamsandteachingmehowtofly.Heusedtocomeroaringbyinhisshiningbluesuitwithhiscapewhistlinginthewind,lookingremarkablylikemyUncleFrankwhowaslivingwithmotherandme.InthemagicwhirlingofhiscapeIcouldhearthewingsofahundredseagulls,themotorsofathousandplanes.我的飛行夢(mèng)像達(dá)利的風(fēng)景畫那么真實(shí)可信，以致于自己常常會(huì)在一陣驚嚇中醒來(lái)，好像伊卡羅斯那樣從空中摔下來(lái)，雖然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己剛好掉到軟軟的床上，但也被嚇得喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。當(dāng)超人開始侵入我的夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，并教給我飛行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒險(xiǎn)便開始了。超人身著耀眼的藍(lán)色衣服，肩披隨風(fēng)颼颼作響的斗篷，經(jīng)常從我身邊呼嘯而過(guò)。他長(zhǎng)得太像我的舅舅弗蘭克了，舅舅那會(huì)兒正跟媽媽和我住在一起。當(dāng)超人的斗篷神奇地旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，我好像能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)上百只海鷗的振翅聲，上千架飛機(jī)的馬達(dá)轟鳴聲。2Incontrast,childrenonthePacificislandofTonga,studiedbyHelenMorton,areregularlybeatenbytheirparentsandoldersiblings.Theyareseenasbeingclosertomadpeoplethanadultsbecausetheylackthehighlyprizedqualityofsocialcompetence(orpotoastheTonganscallit).Theyareregularlytoldoffforbeingclumsyandachildwhofallsovermaybelaughedat,shoutedat,orbeaten.Childrenarethoughtofasmischievous;theycryorwanttofeedsimplybecausetheyarenaughty,andbeatingsareattheirmostseverebetweentheagesofthreeandfivewhenchildrenareseenasparticularlywilful.Parentsbelievethatsocialcompetencecanonlybeachievedthroughdisciplineandphysicalpunishment,andtreattheirchildreninwaysthathaveseemedveryharshtooutsiders.相反，根據(jù)海倫·莫頓的研究，太平洋島國(guó)湯加的兒童經(jīng)常挨父母和哥哥姐姐的打。人們認(rèn)為兒童和成年人相比更像瘋子，因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈Ρ淮蠹铱粗氐纳鐣?huì)能力（湯加人稱之為poto）。小孩子經(jīng)常因?yàn)楸渴直磕_而挨罵，他們連摔跤都會(huì)被嘲笑、呵斥，甚至被打。人們認(rèn)為兒童很頑皮，都是因?yàn)樘詺馑麄儾趴摁[，或者要東西吃。在大人看來(lái)，三至五歲的兒童尤其任性，因此他們打這個(gè)年齡段的孩子也打得最狠。父母?jìng)兿嘈牛挥锌坑?xùn)導(dǎo)和體罰才能使孩子獲得社會(huì)能力，所以他們用一種在外人看來(lái)非常嚴(yán)厲的方式對(duì)待孩子。1在火車站上，有一位老人給我講述了他參加解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)歷，那些戰(zhàn)斗故事對(duì)我有著極大的吸引力。后來(lái)他上了車，列車從我身邊隆隆地開走了。可那些故事仍然是那么清晰可見(jiàn)，對(duì)于英雄們的壯舉，我欽佩不已。(fascination;roar;marvelat)Attherailwaystation,anoldmantoldmehisexperienceintheLiberationWar,thefightingstoriesofwhichwereofgreatfascinationtome.Thenhegotuponthetrainanditroaredpastme.ButthestoriesweresorealanddefinitethatIgreatlymarveledatthecourageousdeedsofthosewarheroes。2行之有效的環(huán)保政策不僅能創(chuàng)造良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境，還能大大降低能源消耗?；仡欉@個(gè)地區(qū)近年來(lái)的發(fā)展情況，我們驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)地區(qū)政府強(qiáng)制實(shí)行的環(huán)保政策不但沒(méi)有受到任何批評(píng)，還促使居民增強(qiáng)了環(huán)保意識(shí)，盡其所能節(jié)約能源。(consumption;impose;takeexceptionto;prompt)Effectiveenvironmentalpolicymightbringaboutagoodenvironment,aswellasreducingenergyconsumption.Lookingbackontherecentdevelopmentofthisregion,wefind,toourpleasantsurprise,thatlittleexceptionhasbeentakentotheenvironmentalpolicyofthelocalgovernment,andthepolicyhasalsoraisedtheenvironmentalawarenessofthelocalresidentsandpromptedthemtosaveenergyaspossibleastheycould.Unit31Listen,ifyoucan,tothe48fuguethemesofBach’sWell-TemperedClavichord.Listentoeachtheme,oneafteranother.Youwillsoonrealizethateachthememirrorsadifferentworldoffeeling.Youwillalsosoonrealizethatthemorebeautifulathemeseemstoyoutheharderitistofindanywordthatwilldescribeittoyourcompletesatisfaction.Yes,youwillcertainlyknowwhetheritisagaythemeorasadone.Youwillbeable,inotherwords,inyourownmind,todrawaframeofemotionalfeelingaroundyourtheme.Nowstudythesadonealittlecloser.Trytopindowntheexactqualityofitssadness.Isitpessimisticallysadorresignedlysad;isitfatefullysadorsmilinglysad可能的話，你不妨聽(tīng)聽(tīng)巴赫的《平均律鋼琴曲集》中的48個(gè)賦格主題。依次地、一個(gè)個(gè)地聽(tīng)聽(tīng)其中的每一個(gè)主題，你很快就會(huì)意識(shí)到每個(gè)主題都反映了一個(gè)不同的情感世界，你很快也會(huì)意識(shí)到你越覺(jué)得某個(gè)主題美妙，就越難找到令你完全滿意的字眼來(lái)描述它。是的，你當(dāng)然知道那個(gè)主題是歡快的還是悲傷的。換句話說(shuō)，你能夠在腦海中勾勒出那個(gè)主題的情感框架。那么就更仔細(xì)地聽(tīng)一下這個(gè)悲傷的主題吧，要明確悲傷的性質(zhì)。是悲觀厭世的悲傷，還是無(wú)可奈何的悲傷是時(shí)運(yùn)不濟(jì)的悲傷，還是強(qiáng)顏歡笑的悲傷2WeknowlessabouttheGirlwiththePearlEarringthananyofVermeer’sworks.Indeed,theunexplainablelackofbackgroundinformationmayevencontributetotheworldwidepopularitythepaintingenjoys.Withsomuchmystery,thepaintinghasbeenthethemeoffirst,anovelandlater,afilm,bothofwhichattempttoanswersomeofthequestionsaboutthepainting,aswellasone,whichisimmediatelymoreappropriatetothemediumofthenovelorthefilm:Areherwideeyesandenigmatichalf-smileinnocentorseductive我們對(duì)《戴珍珠耳環(huán)的少女》的了解比對(duì)維梅爾的其他作品都少。實(shí)際上，這種無(wú)法解釋的背景資料的缺失甚至?xí)沟迷摦嫺軞g迎。正因?yàn)槿绱松衩?，這幅畫先是成了一部小說(shuō)的主題，而后又被一部電影所采納。它們都試圖揭開有關(guān)這幅畫的一些謎題，其中一個(gè)是：女孩那雙睜得大大的眼睛，以及那一絲神秘的微笑，到底是天真還是誘惑像小說(shuō)或電影這類媒介更適合作出回答。1隨著婚禮的臨近，蘇珊變得非常焦慮。她說(shuō)不清楚是什么讓自己如此煩惱。在同好友凱特長(zhǎng)談了一次后，她才意識(shí)到，盡管自己已經(jīng)28歲了，但在情感方面還不夠成熟，還沒(méi)有為婚姻做好準(zhǔn)備，也不知道這樁婚姻是否會(huì)給自己帶來(lái)美滿的家庭生活。(pindown;guarantee)Astheweddingceremonywasapproaching,Susanhadbecomequiteanxious.Shecouldnotpindownwhatexactlywastroublingher.AfteralongtalkwithherclosefriendKate,sherealizedthat,althoughshewas28yearsold,shewasnotemotionallymatureenoughtobereadyformarriageandshewasnotsurewhetherthemarriagewouldguaranteeherahappyfamilylife.2她知道中國(guó)學(xué)生總是不愿意表達(dá)自己的情感和想法，這不僅僅因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)自己的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)不夠自信，還因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈欧€(wěn)重是一種美德。因此她特意設(shè)計(jì)了一些簡(jiǎn)單的話題，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生參與討論，讓他們?cè)鰪?qiáng)自信心，拉近彼此間的距離。(shyaway;engagesbin)SheknewthatChinesestudentshadawayofshyingawayfromrevealingtheirfeelingsoropinions,duenotmerelytotheirlackofconfidenceinspokenEnglish,buttotheirbeliefinthevirtueofmodesty.Soshespeciallyconceivedacoupleofsimpletopicsandencouragedtheminthediscussion,inorderthattheymightbecomemoreconfidentandcloserwitheachother.Unit41Evengrownmenwhodomarketresearchhavetroublevisualizingwhatapublicrelationsmandoeswithhisday,anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem.即使是那些從事市場(chǎng)研究工作的成年人也難很想象公關(guān)部的人每天都在做些什么。一名普通的系統(tǒng)分析師肯定不知道空間推銷員在店里都干些什么，就好像空間推銷員對(duì)分析系統(tǒng)的工具也一竅不通一樣。2Soruntheclichés,anyway.Butitisonlyourobsessionwithnovelty,ignoranceofdeeperhistoricalpatternsandarrogantinsistenceonourownimportancethatleadsusintothiskindoftalk.Hopingtoproveoursuperiorityoverthegenerationsthatprecededus,weboastthatweliveinaperiodofunprecedentedchange.Yetthereisagoodcasethatwedonot,infact,liveinveryinterestingtimesatall.不管怎么說(shuō)，這就是那耳熟能詳?shù)奶自??？墒?，讓我們有這種論調(diào)的正是緣自我們對(duì)新奇事物的過(guò)度迷戀，對(duì)深層次歷史模式的無(wú)知，以及我們的狂妄自大。為了證明相比于先輩們的優(yōu)越性，我們夸耀說(shuō)自己生活在一個(gè)前所未有的變革期。但是，有一個(gè)很好的例子可以用來(lái)證明，實(shí)際上我們并沒(méi)有生活在多么有趣的時(shí)代。1我們根本就看不懂他們的計(jì)劃書，因?yàn)樗麄兊挠^點(diǎn)不太容易把握。這很可能是因?yàn)槲覀冸p方對(duì)于另一方的思維方式都感到同樣的困惑。我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該安排一次面談，讓大家消除誤會(huì)，掃除溝通的障礙。(makeof;cometogripswith;it’sasafebetthat;asbaffled…as)Wecouldn’tmakeoftheirproposalatall,becauseitwasnoeasyjobforustocometogripswiththeirperspective.Itwasasafebetthatwewereasmuchbaffledabouttheirwayofthinkingastheywereaboutours.Ithinkweneedtoarrangeameetingtoclearupmisunderstandingsandtoremovecommunicationbarriers.2從與他共事二十多年的一位同事所寫的傳記中不難得出這樣的結(jié)論：他所代表的絕對(duì)是該國(guó)二戰(zhàn)之后的精英階層，他們?cè)谧诮毯驼畏矫娴挠^念較為保守。(nothingifnot;inthewakeof;intermsof)Fromabiographywrittenbyoneofhisformercolleagueswhohadworkedwithhimformorethantwodecades,itisnotdifficulttoconcludethatwhatherepresentedwasnothingifnottheeliteclassofthecountryinthewakeofWorldWarII,whowereratherconservativeintermsofreligiousandpoliticalviews.Unit51Joshshiveredashecheckedtheaddressontheslipofpaperinhishand.He’dneverbeentoJoanne’s,butknewitbyreputation,notbecauseofitsfood,whichhadoftenbeenmaligned,oritsjazzorchestra,whichhadaguestslotforawell-knownmoviedirectorwhoplayedtrumpet,butbecauseofthestellarqualityofitssophisticatedguests:politicians,diplomats,movieactors,hall-of-fameathletes,journalists,writers,rockstarsandNobelPrizewinners–inshort,anyonewhowasanyoneinthiscityofpowerbrokers.喬希打了個(gè)冷戰(zhàn)，他打開手里的紙條核對(duì)了一下地址。之前他沒(méi)來(lái)過(guò)喬安妮餐廳，但對(duì)于它的鼎鼎大名卻早有耳聞，倒不是因?yàn)檫@里的飯菜有多美味，其實(shí)這里的菜品屢遭惡評(píng)，也不是因?yàn)檫@里的爵士管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)有一位知名電影導(dǎo)演客串吹小號(hào)，而是因?yàn)檫@里匯集了有頭有臉的賓客，可以說(shuō)是星光璀璨，他們中有政客、外交家、電影明星、載入名人堂的體育明星、記者、作家、搖滾明星、諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主等等——總之，這里的每一位客人都是這座權(quán)力之城里的一個(gè)人物。2TheSwedesandtheSaudisinthistruestoryhavedifferentconceptsoftheroleofpersonalrelationshipsinbusiness.FortheSwedes,businessisdonewithacompany;fortheSaudis,withapersonwhomonehaslearnedtoknowandtrust.Aslongasonedoesnotknowanotherpersonwellenoughitisconvenienttohavepresentanintermediaryorgo-between,someonewhoknowsandistrustedbybothparties.Attherootofthedifferencebetweentheseculturesisafundamentalissueinhumansocieties:theroleoftheindividualversustheroleofthegroup.在這個(gè)真實(shí)的故事里，瑞典人和沙特人對(duì)人際關(guān)系在商業(yè)中的作用有著不同的理解。對(duì)瑞典人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們是在和一個(gè)公司做生意；但對(duì)沙特人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們是在和一個(gè)他們了解并且信任的人做生意。只要他們對(duì)某個(gè)人還不夠了解，就會(huì)讓一位雙方都認(rèn)識(shí)并信任的中間人或介紹人在場(chǎng)，這樣做會(huì)比較方便。這兩種文化的差異源于人類社會(huì)的一個(gè)根本問(wèn)題：即個(gè)人角色與集體角色的問(wèn)題。1這位年輕人是個(gè)偵探小說(shuō)迷，在看了福爾摩斯探案故事之后，他自以為完全掌握了偵探技巧，于是就開始調(diào)查一起搶劫案。經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)星期的周密調(diào)查，他倒是追查到了三名疑犯，只可惜案發(fā)時(shí)這三個(gè)人都身在國(guó)外。(knowsthinsideout;trackdown)Thisyoungmanlikedreadingdetectivestories.AfterfinishedreadingHolmes’stories,hethoughthehadknownthedetective’sskillsinsideoutandstartedtoinvestigateacaseofrobbery.Afterafewweeksofcloseinvestigation,hetrackeddownthreesuspects,whoturnedouttobeabroadwhentherobberytookplace.2在本書中我們確實(shí)體會(huì)到了兩種文化之間的差異。不過(guò)作者沒(méi)有詳細(xì)敘述這些差異，而是仔細(xì)討論了兩種文化的相同點(diǎn)，其中說(shuō)得最多的是為什么這兩種文化都如此強(qiáng)調(diào)工作的熱忱。(dwellon;ofwhich;loyalty)Inthisbook,wedofindsomedifferencesbetweenthetwocultures.Butinsteadofdwellingonthedifferences,theauthorpresentslengthydiscussionsonthingstheyhaveincommon,ofwhichtheirloyaltytoworkaremostthoroughlytouchedupon.Unit61Ithoughthowwefiremenwerealwayssayingtoeachother,“I’llseeyouatthebigone.”O(jiān)r,“We’llallmeetatthebigone.”Ineverknewhowitstarted,orwhenI’dpickeduponitmyself,butitwaspartofourshorthand.Meaning,nomatterhowbigthisfireis,there’llbeanotheronebigger,somewheredowntheroad.We’llmakeitthroughthisone,andwe’llmakeitthroughthatone,too.Ialwayssaidit,atbigfires,andIalwayshearditback,andhereIwas,thinkingIwouldneversayorhearthesewordsagain,becausetherewouldneverbeanotherfireasbigasthis.Thiswasthebigonewehadalltalkedabout,allourlives,andifIhadn’tknownthisbefore–justbeforethesechillingmoments–thissick,blacknoisenowconfirmedit.(?這段話由許多短句構(gòu)成，要注意短句間語(yǔ)氣的連接。像atbigfires，allourlives等詞語(yǔ)應(yīng)該調(diào)整語(yǔ)序。)我想起我們消防員平?？偦ハ啻蛉ふf(shuō)：“在大火中見(jiàn)吧?！被蛘呤恰拔覀兛隙〞?huì)在大火中碰面的?！蔽也恢肋@種說(shuō)法是怎么來(lái)的，或者我自己是從什么時(shí)候開始說(shuō)起這種話來(lái)的，但這就是我們的暗語(yǔ)。意思是不管這場(chǎng)火有多大，以后在別處還會(huì)有比這更大的。我們能安然無(wú)恙地度過(guò)這場(chǎng)火，也會(huì)安然無(wú)恙地度過(guò)下一場(chǎng)火。遇到一場(chǎng)大火時(shí)，我總是這么說(shuō)，也總聽(tīng)別人這么說(shuō)，可現(xiàn)在，我呆在這兒，想著自己再也不會(huì)說(shuō)這樣的話了，也不會(huì)再聽(tīng)到別人這么說(shuō)了，因?yàn)樵僖膊粫?huì)有比這更大的火了。這會(huì)是我們大家一輩子都在說(shuō)的那場(chǎng)大火，如果以前——就在這一個(gè)個(gè)令人膽戰(zhàn)心驚的瞬間之前——我沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)的話，現(xiàn)在這渾厚的、不祥的響聲印證了這一點(diǎn)。2NamedasthefirstchairmanoftheUNHumanRightsCommission,Rooseveltoversawthetwo-yearprocessofdraftingandsecuringpassageoftheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.Additionally,herclasheswithrepresentativesoftheSovietUnionledoneRepublicantoleanforwardinhischairandstate–hewouldn’tallowhisnametobeusedforfearofbeinglabeledasaDemocraticsupporter–“Now,ifyouwanttoknowwhatIthinkaboutMrsRoosevelt,sheistuh-riffic!MrsRooseveltisuniqueinhercapacitytocreateanunderstandingofourpositioninthemindsofthedelegatesofothercountries.Herperformanceissosuperlativethatitisratherunexpectedtobeaskedtoevaluateherinordinaryterms.”作為聯(lián)合國(guó)人權(quán)委員會(huì)的首任主席，羅斯福監(jiān)督了《世界人權(quán)宣言》歷時(shí)兩年的起草和通過(guò)的全過(guò)程。此外,她和蘇聯(lián)代表的交鋒讓一位共和黨人從椅子上朝前探過(guò)身來(lái)，說(shuō)出了下面一番話——因?yàn)榕卤划?dāng)成是民主黨的支持者，他不愿意透露自己的姓名——“如果你想知道我對(duì)羅斯福夫人的看法，那我會(huì)說(shuō)她真是了不起!羅斯福夫人有一種獨(dú)特的能力，能讓其他國(guó)家的代表清楚地了解我們的立場(chǎng)。要用平常的語(yǔ)言來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)她高超的外交手腕，一時(shí)間還真不知道該怎么說(shuō)?！?人們很不理解為什么他一份工作干了30年，大多數(shù)人到了他這個(gè)年紀(jì)至少已經(jīng)換了四五份工作了。也許對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，為了獲得更高的薪水或是尋求體驗(yàn)新事物的刺激而換工作毫無(wú)意義。在他看來(lái)，唯一重要的事是穩(wěn)定。(stickwith;point;thrill)Peoplearequitepuzzledaboutthefactthathehasstuckwiththesamejobfor30yearswhenmostpeopleofhisagehavechangedatleastfourorfivejobs.Maybeforhimthereisnopointinchangingjobsforahigherpayorforthethrillofexperiencingsomethingnew.Theonlythingthatmatters,inhispointofview,isstability.2協(xié)會(huì)中的大多數(shù)會(huì)員認(rèn)為應(yīng)該竭力游說(shuō)政府，確保這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃獲得批準(zhǔn)。至關(guān)重要的是要把決策者中的一些反對(duì)者爭(zhēng)取過(guò)來(lái)。雖然這會(huì)很難，但是他們下定決心要作最大的努力。(lobby;winover;adj.+thoughit+be;utmost)Mostmembersoftheassociationbelievethattheyneedtolobbyashardaspossibletomakesurethattheplanwillbeapprovedbythegovernment.It’sessentialtowinoversomeofthenaysayeramongthepolicymakers.Toughthoughitwillbe,theyhavemadeuptheirmindtomakeutmostefforts.Unit71Redlightscomeupjustasoftenwhenthedriverisnotinahurry;it’sjustthatthedisadvantageoftheredlightisconsiderablylessiftimeisnotcritical.Thefalsepartoftheperceptionisthatredlightshappenmorethangreenlights.Thereasonforthisissimplythatadriverhasmoretimetothinkaboutaredlightthanagreenlight,becausewhilethelatterisgoneinseconds–andindeedisanexperiencenodifferentfromjustdrivingalongtheopenroad–theredlightforcesachangeofbehaviour,amomentofexertionandstress,andthenadeprivationoffreedomforaminuteorso.Redlightsstickinthemind,whilegreenlightsareinstantlyforgotten.司機(jī)不趕時(shí)間的時(shí)候碰到的紅燈其實(shí)和趕時(shí)間的時(shí)候一樣多；只是如果時(shí)間不緊急，紅燈帶來(lái)的不便要小得多。認(rèn)為紅燈出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)比綠燈多其實(shí)是一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)。產(chǎn)生這種錯(cuò)覺(jué)的原因很簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)樗緳C(jī)有更多的時(shí)間去想紅燈，而綠燈的時(shí)候，車子幾秒鐘之內(nèi)就疾馳而過(guò)了——這其實(shí)和在暢通的公路上開車沒(méi)有任何區(qū)別——而紅燈卻迫使司機(jī)改變行為，一小會(huì)兒的時(shí)間里要強(qiáng)迫自己努力一下,承受點(diǎn)壓力，還要失去一兩分鐘的自由。所以紅燈會(huì)深深地印在司機(jī)的腦海里，而綠燈轉(zhuǎn)瞬間就被拋到腦后了。2CananyonelearntosingIt’saquestionthathauntedmeasIwaswritingmymostrecentbookTheSingingNeanderthals.Myresearchhadpersuadedmethatmusicalityisdeeplyembeddedinthehumangenome,withfarmoreancientevolutionaryrootsthanspokenlanguage.YethereIwas,unabletocarryatuneormatcharhythm.FriendsandacademiccolleaguesclaimedthiswassimplybecauseIhadbeen“turnedoff”frommusicasachildandifonlyItookafewlessonsIwouldfindmyvoice.Maybetheywereright.SohumiliatedwasIbymusicteacherswhomademe“sing”aloneinfrontoftheclassthatIdroppedmusicatthefirstopportunityandhaven’tparticipatedinanythingmusicalforover35years.PerhapsIcouldlearntosing.人人都能學(xué)會(huì)唱歌嗎在撰寫我最新出版的《唱著歌的尼安德特人》一書時(shí)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題就一直縈繞在我的心頭。我做的研究讓我相信音樂(lè)才能是深深植根于人類基因中的，從進(jìn)化史的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，它比人類的口頭語(yǔ)言都要古老得多?？墒俏冶救艘怀鸶鑱?lái)不是跑調(diào)，就是跟不上節(jié)奏。朋友們和學(xué)術(shù)同僚們都說(shuō)，那都是因?yàn)槲倚r(shí)候?qū)σ魳?lè)失去了興趣，只要上幾節(jié)音樂(lè)課，我一定能放聲歌唱。也許他們是對(duì)的。記得小時(shí)候，音樂(lè)老師們讓我在全班同學(xué)面前獨(dú)“唱”，讓我覺(jué)得很丟臉。所以后來(lái)一有機(jī)會(huì)，我就躲開音樂(lè)，35年來(lái)從來(lái)沒(méi)有參加過(guò)任何音樂(lè)活動(dòng)。說(shuō)不定學(xué)一學(xué)我也能唱得不錯(cuò)。1媒體對(duì)于接連發(fā)生的兩件慘劇之間沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系的說(shuō)法表示懷疑，總統(tǒng)沒(méi)有迅速作出反應(yīng)也讓大家很不滿。談到總統(tǒng)的執(zhí)政能力，媒體早已失去信心，除非他能在隨后的任期中有所作為。(consecutive；independentof;responsive;whenitcomesto;ifonly)Themediadoubttheclaimthatthetwoconsecutivetragedieswereindependentofeachother,andaredissatisfiedwiththefactthatthePresidentwasnotresponsiveimmediately.Whenitcomestohiscompetenceinrunningthegovernment,themediahavelonglosttheirtrust,ifonlyhecoulddowellinhissubsequentterm.2時(shí)刻牢記不要因?yàn)槟愕暮⒆映煽?jī)不好而羞辱他們，因?yàn)檫@種被羞辱的痛苦記憶可能會(huì)困擾孩子很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，使他們從小就厭學(xué)，并且會(huì)妨礙他們形成積極的生活態(tài)度。只有當(dāng)父母發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子身上的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并且不斷鼓勵(lì)他們，孩子的發(fā)展才能得以長(zhǎng)久。(turnofffrom;humiliate;haunt;identify)Keeprememberingthatdonothumiliateyourchildbecausetheydon’tgaingoodgrades,astheirmemoryofthehumiliationwillhauntthemforalongtime,turnthemofffromlearningatanearlyageandpreventthemfromgainingpositiveattitudestowardslife.Thedevelopmentofchildrencanbesustainedonlywhenparentsidentifythestrengthsintheirchildrenandencouragethemfromtimetotime.Unit81OnInternationalWomen’sDay,Sovietwomenbaskintheirmenfolk’sloveandgratitude.Inthemorning,asitisaholiday,theyloungeinbedinsteadofgoingouttowork.Theirhusbands,withmuchcursingandclatteringofpans,cookbreakfastforthefamily;byteno’clocktheyproudlyservetheirwivesacharredandshrivelledegg.Besidethewoman’splatewillbeabunchofflowersandalittlegift,abottleofscentperhaps,orapairoftights,whichshewillexclaimoveruntilthechildren,scarletwithfury,insistthattheirmothermakesthemtheirproperbreakfast.在國(guó)際婦女節(jié)那一天,蘇聯(lián)的婦女們沐浴在男性所給予的愛(ài)意和感激之中。因?yàn)檫@一天是假日，早上她們不用去上班，可以懶洋洋地躺在床上。而她們的丈夫們則要為全家人做早飯，雖然嘴里罵罵咧咧的，還弄得鍋碗瓢盆叮當(dāng)亂響；到了十點(diǎn)，丈夫頗為自豪地把煎得焦糊糊、皺巴巴的雞蛋端到妻子跟前。盤子邊上還放著一束鮮花，一份小禮物，可能是一瓶香水或者一雙褲襪，妻子會(huì)高興得大叫起來(lái)，激動(dòng)好一會(huì)兒，直到孩子們怒氣沖沖地跑過(guò)來(lái)，小臉漲得通紅，鬧著要媽媽給他們做一頓像樣的早餐。2Forgoodorbad,theworldhaspossiblyundergonemorechangesinthepasttwodecadesthanitdidinthepasttwocenturies.Wehaveusedmoreresources,burntmorefuel,causedmorepollutionandkilledoffmoreanimalsandplantsaswehavecomeclosertoeachothertoformatrulyglobalvillage.Television,wethought,wasthelastunitingfactortillwegotafeelfortheInternet.Allthesechangeshavemadeustakeadifferentlookattheworldbeyondandourhomewithin.Nothingcomeswithoutariderinthisglobalmarket.IfwewanttobepartofthedazzleandcomfortthattheWestisknownfor,wehadbetteracceptsomeofitsanomalies,too.ThisisnottosaythatfestivalsmeansomethingelsetotheWest.不管是好是壞,世界在過(guò)去二十多年間所經(jīng)歷的變化可能比過(guò)去兩百年間所經(jīng)歷的還要多。為了讓彼此間聯(lián)系得更緊密，營(yíng)造出一個(gè)真正的地球村，我們消耗了更多的資源，燒掉了更多的能源，造成了更多的污染，滅殺了更多的動(dòng)植物。過(guò)去，我們一直把電視看作是連接全世界的終極手段，直到我們了解了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)并非如此。所有這些變化都讓我們用另外一種眼光來(lái)看待外面的世界以及我們自己的家園。在這個(gè)全球市場(chǎng)中，得到任何東西都是要付出代價(jià)的。如果我們想擁有西方世界那著名的眩目而舒適的生活，我們也必須接受西方文化中的一些異常事物。當(dāng)然，這并不是說(shuō)節(jié)日對(duì)于西方人來(lái)說(shuō)有著不同的意義。1和妻子離婚之后，他知道自己將受到朋友們無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的指責(zé)，因?yàn)樗麄兌悸?tīng)信流言，認(rèn)為他為了一個(gè)更年輕的女人而拋棄了妻子。每次在街上碰到朋友，他們都會(huì)嚴(yán)厲地責(zé)備他不該背叛自己的妻子。他終于明白，如果謠言一直不散的話，人們會(huì)逐漸地信以為真。(neverheartheendofit;dump;bumpinto;stickaround)Whenhedivorcedhiswife,heknewthathewouldneverheartheendofitfromhisfriends,becausetheyallbelievedtherumorthathehaddumpedherforayoungerwoman.Wheneverhebumpedintoafriendinthestreet,theywouldreprimandhimseverelyforbetrayinghiswife.Herealizedwithhisownexperiencethatifarumorstuckaroundlongenough,peoplewouldgraduallytakeitastrue.2在經(jīng)歷了這么多磨難后，他把所有的憤怒、不滿和絕望都發(fā)泄在周圍人身上了，不管他們是家人還是同事。對(duì)于他這些反常的行為我們不能視而不見(jiàn)，而要多給他一些關(guān)心和愛(ài)。我們相信，他一定會(huì)重拾信心，挺過(guò)這段艱難時(shí)期。(undergo;vent;betheyshutone’seyesandearsto;beboundto)Afterundergoingsomanymisfortunes,heventsallhisanger,discontentanddespaironpeoplearoundhim,betheyfamiliesorcolleagues.Insteadofshuttingoureyesandearstohisanomalies,weshouldofferhimmorecaresandlove.Webelieveheisboundtorecollecthimself