2018年高考英語全國3卷試題及答案

2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（課標(biāo)全國卷皿）英??語第一部分？聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）？第二部分？??？閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWelcometoHolkerHall&GardenVisitorinformationHowtoGettoHolker?Bycar:?Follow?brownsignsonA590from.J36,?M6.Approximatetraveltimes:Windermere—20minutes,Kendal一25minutes,Lancaster—45minutes,Manchester—lhour30minutes?Byrail:theneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth.LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.?Openingtimes?Sunday-Friday（closedonSaturday）ll:00am-4;00pm,30March-2ndNovember.?AdmissionCharges?Hall&Gardens??Gardens?Adults:?????￡12.00????￡8.00?Gropes:?????￡9.00?SpecialEvents?ProducersMarket?13thApril??Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestival?30thMay?Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsinthegardening.NationalGardenDay?28thAugust?Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovember?Thisisaneventforallthefamily!Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?????A.20minutes.????B.25minutes.????C.45minutes.????D.90minutes.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppayavisittoHall&Gardens?????A.￡12.00.????B.￡9.00.????C.￡8.00????D.￡5.50Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow???A.ProducersMarket.????B.HolkerGardenFestival????C.NationalGardenDay.????D.WinterMarketCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportonriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896DawsonCanadawasunmappedwilderness（荒野）.Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche（雪崩）onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.?Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgotoseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity-itspresentpopulationis762.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?????A.Itsbusinessculture.????B.Itssmallpopulation.????C.Itsgeographicalposition.????D.Itsfavourableclimate.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?????A.Twothirdsofthemstayedthere.????B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.????C.Almosteveryonegaveup.????D.Halfofthemdied.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?????A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.????B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.????C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.????D.Theywereshortoffood.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Theriseandfallofacity.????B.ThegoldrushinCanada.????C.Journeysintothewilderness.????D.TourisminDawson.Whilefamousforeign,architectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShua49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize-whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture--onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt（CAA）.HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus（校園）oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves（曲線）ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements.?Wang'sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsoncexisted,“hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,“hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,"saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombined,withpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.?Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare????A.followingthelatestworldtrend????B.gettinginternationalrecognition????C.workingharderthaneverbefore????D.relyingonforeignarchitectsWhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?????A.Itshillyenvironment.????B.Itslargesize????C.Itsuniquestyle.????D.Itsdiversefunctions.WhatmadeWang'sarchitecturaldesignasuccess？????A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.????B.ThebalanceofEastandWest????C.Theuseofpopulartechniques????D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?????A.Spreadthemtotheworld.?????B.Preservethematmuseums.????C.Teachtheminuniversities.?????D.Recreatetheminpractice.DAdultsunderstandwhatiffeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethat?moreismore?whenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargeobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartenisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor).?Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions.Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,needanduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutesmax.Ichosearedrubberball-simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.?Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.?Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?????A.Themore,thebetter.?????B.Enoughisenough.?????C.Moremoney,moreworries.?????D.Earnmoreandspendmore.?WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?????A.Savingupforherholiday.????B.Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.????C.Addingthemoneytoherfund.????D.Givingthemoneytoasickmother.?WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?????A.Totryoutanidea.?????B.Toshowaparent'slove.????C.Totrainhisattention.?????D.Tohelphimstartahobby,.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?????A.TakeitorLeaveit.?????B.ALessonfromKids.?????C.LiveMorewithLess.?????D.ThePleasureofGiving.?第二節(jié)?（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.??36??WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.?"Iadoredancing,"saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa."Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife,"Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdancingiswonderful._37^_?It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."??38???"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges."They'relearningtotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.???39??"???So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,"Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.???_40???Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."??Sowhydowedance??DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.?Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.?IkeeppracticingevenwhenI'mextremelytired.?Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.?Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay"sorry,???41??number!"andmoveonButwhenDennisWilliams??4222ai￡Xtthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething??_43??.OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext???44?2himthatacouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe????45??ofababy."Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,"Dennis??46??.Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere???47???quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher???48?,shedidn'tseemtorealizedthatshewas?49?thebaby'sphotoswithacompletestranger.“Well,Idon't???50??youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby",repliedDennisbefbreaskingwhichroomthenew??51??werein.Muchtothefamily'ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis?52??!Heturnedupatthehospital???53??giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Limdsey'shusbandwastotally????54???bytheunexpectedvisit.“Idon'tthinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe???55???itandthegifts."Teresa???56??aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite???57???bythetouchingwords:"Whata????58???thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewasso???59??andkindtodothis.“Theposthassincegainedthe???60???ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,5001ikesinjustthreedays.A.unlucky????B.secret?????C.new????D.wrongA.received????B.translated??????C.copied????D.printedA.reasonable????B.special?????C.necessary????D.practicalA.convincing????B.reminding?????C.informing????D.warningA.wake-up????B.recovery?????C.growth????D.arrivalA.responded????B.interrupted?????C.predicted????D.repeatedA.comingin????B.settingout?????C.passingdown????D.movingaroundA.opinion????B.anxiety?????C.excitement????D.effortA.comparing????B.exchanging?????C.discussing????D.sharingA.accept????B.know?????C.believe????D.botherA.parents????B.doctors?????C.patients????D.visitorsA.dream????B.promise?????C.agenda????D.principleA.bearing????B.collecting?????C.opening????D.makingA.discouraged????Brelaxed?????C.astonished????D.defeatedA.admit????B.need?????C.appreciate????D.expectA.found????B.selected?????C.developed????D.postedA.confirmed????B.simplified?????C.clarified????D.accompaniedA.pity????B.blessing?????C.relief????D.problemA.smart????B.calm????C.sweet????D.fairA.sympathy????B.attention?????C.control????D.trust第二節(jié)??(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I'mnotsure???61??ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat???62??topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe???63??(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid???64??(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel???65??(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma???6622（Science）whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching2226722ihesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrighte