Unit1 Reading and Thinking 課件 人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit1UNIT1SCIENCEFICTIONTolearnaboutthetypeandusageofarobot.Tofindoutthecharactersmentionedinthestoryandthentellwhotheyarebyscanningthepassage.TograspwhatTonydidtohelpClaireandhowClaire’semotiondevelopedduringTony’sstayatherhouse.Whatarethey?robotsArobotisamachine_________(design)todojobsthatareusuallyperformedbyhumans.Robots____________________________(programandcontrol)byacomputer.Whatisarobot?designedareprogrammedandcontrolledWhatkindsofworkarerobotsusuallyusedfor?Robotsaremadetoperformdifferenttasks.Manyofthemareusedfortasksthatareeitherdangerousorunpleasantforushumanbeings.Inothercases,robotsareusedinrepetitive,orboringtasksinwhichhumanperformancemightdegrade(降低價(jià)值)overtime.Robotscanperformtheserepetitive,high-precisionoperations24hoursadaywithoutfatigue.Whatcanrobotsdo?Listthreeofthem.Wouldyoufeelhappyifarobotbecameamemberofyourfamily?Whyorwhynot?Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobottofallinlovewithahumanbeing?Why?Therearemanytypesofrobots.Whattypesofrobotsarethefollowingrobots?industrialrobotsentertainmentrobotshouseholdrobotsWherewouldyoufindeachtypeofrobotabove?Whatdoeseachtypeofrobotdo?Workingroups.Discussthefollowingquestions.Canyouthinkofanyothertypeofrobot?Watchthevideos.TransformersRobotsalsooftenappearascharactersinstories.Haveyouwatchedthefollowingfilms?Whatelseliterature,films,TVshowsorcartoonsdoyouknowthatincluderobotsascharacters?Chooseoneandbepreparedtotelltheclassaboutitbriefly.WALL·E《機(jī)器人總動(dòng)員》Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobottothinkforitself?havefeelings?haveitsownneedsanddesires?lookandfeellikeahumanbeing?Doyouknowwhoheis?What’stherelationshipbetweenIsaacAsimovandrobots?IsaacAsimovIsaacAsimov

isanAmericanscientistandauthor,whowrotesciencefiction,proposedthree(andthenheaddedLawZero)

LawsofRobotics

(inthe1940's):LawZero:

Arobotmaynotinjurehumanity,or,byinaction,allowhumanitytocometoharm.LawOne:Arobotmaynotinjureahumanbeingor,throughinaction,allowahumanbeingtocometoharm.LawTwo:ArobotmustobeytheordersgivenitbyhumanbeingsexceptwheresuchorderswouldconflictwiththeFirstLaw.LawThree:ArobotmustprotectitsownexistenceaslongassuchprotectiondoesnotconflictwiththeFirstorSecondLaws.ThereadingpassageisaretellingofanIsaacAsimov’ssciencefiction

calledSatisfactionGuaranteed.Thisstory,aboutahuman-likerobot,illustrates(闡明)Asimov’sfirstlawforrobots:Arobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.Inthiscasetheinjuryisnotaphysicalonebutapsychologicalone.Infollowingthislaw,therobot,whichisveryhuman-like,causesthemaincharacter,Claire,tohavesomeveryconfusingfeelings.BackgroundHowdorobotsalreadyhelphumansintheirlivestoday?Robotsareusefulfordomesticuses,commercialuses,andmilitaryintelligenceandcombatpurposes.Robotsareperformingtasksthataretoodangerousforhumanslikeneutralizingbombs.Furthermore,robotscanhelptosearchforhumansurvivorsininsecureruins.Additionally,theycanaidindiscoveringminesandshells.RoboticsisalsoateachingaidinSTEM.STEMstandsforScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics.Theintroductionofnanorobotsisyetanotheradvancementmadeinrobotics.Theytransformmedicineandhumanhealth.Thesearemicroscopicrobotsintroducedintoahumanbodyformedicalreasons.Whatdoyouthinkadomesticrobotcoulddoforafamilyinthefuture?Thedomesticrobotor

theservicerobotistheautonomousrobotthatisusedforthehouseholdchores,mostofthedomesticrobotsaresimplistic,someareconnectedtoWi-Fihomenetworksorthesmartenvironmentsandtheyareautonomoustoahighdegree.Thereareonlyafewlimitedmodels,mostofthepersonal&domesticrobotsareusedforthebasichouseholdchores,

whiletheothersaretheeducational

or

entertainment

robots,Domesticrobotsincludetherobotvacuums,therobotpetcare,thepoolcleaners,thelawnmowersandmore.Therobotsarecapableofawidevarietyofinteractionsincludinghealthcareand

monitoringmedicationcompliance,

securitymonitoring,

education,

errands,andentertainment.CharactersWhoarethey?LarryBelmontClaireTonyGladysClaffernworkedforacompanythatmakesrobotsLarry’swife,ahousewifeahouseholdrobottobetestedoutawomanthatClaireenviesReadthepassagequicklyandfindoutthecharactersmentionedinthestoryandthentellwhotheyare.Skimthetext,findoutthemainideaofthetext.

Itismainlyabouthowahousehold_________was_________________inafamily.robottestedoutStoryline:Para.1

Arobotistobetestedout.Para.2

Therobot,Tony,istestedoutinClaire’shouse.Para.3

Tonycanservebreakfast.Para.4

Tonycanshowsympathy

toClaire.Para.5

Tonycanreadbooks.Para.6

TonyhelpsClaireimprovehermakeup

and

helpshergainrespect.Para.7

TonygivesClaireagoodsuggestion.Para.8

TonyprotectsClairefromfallingofftheladder.Para.9

Tonyexpresseshisheart/lovetoClaire.Readthestorybelow,takenotesonwhothesepeopleareandtheirrelationshipstoeachother.ClaireLarryBelmontTony

coupletotestout

madeGladys

ClaffernawomanthatClaireenviesarobotLarryBelmont’swife,housewifeLarryBelmontispressingforapromotiontoAssociateEngineeratU.S.Robots,andthemechanismforthatpromotionistoacceptanin-houserobottrialoftheallnewhouseholdversion,identifiedasprototype,butsimplycalledTony.TonywillstayforthreeweekswithLarry’swifeClaire,whosereactiontoTonywillprovideinvaluableinputtothecompany’splansforthefuture.MeanwhilethefairlycoldLarrywillbesenttoWashingtonforthecompanytoleaveClairealoneforinput.InitiallyquiteafraidofTony,despitehisveryhumanappearance,TonyissubjectedtotheFirstLawofRobotics,wherebyhecannotcauseharmtoahuman,norbyinactionallowthemtocometoharm.ClairemeanwhileissadanddisaffectedatLarry’sdisappointmentwithher.WhatLarrywantsissomeonelikehigh-societyfriendGladysClaffern,poshandpolished.Hebelievesthatthiswillmakehimabletomovefurtherintoasuccessfullife.ThisdepressionleadstoClairefinallybreakingthroughherfearandrelatingtothesurprisinglyhuman-likeTony.Heprovesquiteabletohelpherredecoratetheirhome,evengoingsofarastofixherhairandbuyheranewwardrobecourtesyoftheU.S.Robotexpenseaccount.TonyconvincesClairetoestablishherselfasasocietygirlandshowoffhernewhomeandlook,especiallytoGladysClaffern.UnfortunatelywhattheyendupseeingisClaireandTony’sillicitrelationshipwhichhasdevelopedfromhisempathyforherloneliness.1.WhatdoesLarryBelmontthinkoftestingouttherobotinhishouse?A.Itisanextrabenefit.

B.Itishisresponsibility.C.Ithelpsimprovehishouse. D.ItcanmakeClairehappy.2.HowdidClairefeelwhenTonyofferedtohelpherget

dressed?A.Proud.

B.Happy.

C.Guilty.

D.Embarrassed.Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.3.WhydoesTonyworkonthehouseimprovement?A.BecauseClairewantstoholdapartyinherhouse.B.BecauseClaireplanstogiveLarryasurprise.C.BecauseClairedoesn’tthinkitgoodenoughforLarry.D.BecauseClaireintendstomakethebestofTony.4.WhatdoesGladysClaffernthinkoftherelationshipbetween

ClaireandTony?A.Friends. B.Lovers. C.Relatives. D.Colleagues.5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TonyfallsinlovewithClaire.B.Tonywillhavearestthatnight.C.TonywillstaywithClaireforever.D.Tony,therobotneedstobeimproved.Howdoyouthinkthisstorywillend?Workingroupsandcomeupwithanending.Thenlistentotherestofthestory.Howdifferentisitfromyourending?

Inmyview,Clairewillfallinlovewiththerobot.Notespeciallybright,LarryreturnsfromWashingtonhappywithhispromotionandmeetswiththecompany,butisslightlydisconcertedwithClaire’schangebutmorewithherdepressionsinceTonywastakenbacktothelab.TheengineerspointoutthatTonywillhavetobereworked,sincetheycannotproduceamodelthatawomanwillfallinlovewith.Claire’s

feelings

towards

Tony

changed

as

the

story

developed.

Review

the

story,

and

then

complete

the

chart.

Atfirstrefused?to?have?Tony?at?her?houseaccept?himtrust?himproud?of?himlove?himsad?to?remember?hewas?just?a?machine?OccasionsClaire…

Beforehearrived

WhenheofferedtohelpherdressWhenheofferedtohelpherimproveherhouseandherselfWhenhearriveddislikedhimwasalarmedfeltembarrassedadmiredhim1234OccasionsClaire…

Whenhespoketothesaleswoman

andher

attitudechangedWhenherconversationwithTonywasdiscoveredbyGladysClaffernWhenClairegothome,feelingGladyswassoadmirableWhenshefelloffaladderandcaughtbyTony

calledhimadearfelthiswarmthfeltbeingenviedcriedallnight5678WhyWasClairesatisfiedwithTony?

ShewasnotsobeautifulHerhousewasnotelegantThewomanwasrudetoherShewantedtobeanotherGladyssheoncehelpedbutclumsyHegaveheranewhaircutandchangedthemakeupsheworeHe

transformedthehousecompletelyHemadethesaleswomanchangehisattitudeHe

suggestedapartyinherhouseHemanagedtocatchherintimefromthenextroomCompletethediagramwiththesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenTonyandahumanbeing.Thenusethewordsintheboxestodescribethesimilaritiesanddifferences.ComparisonthesameassimilartosimilarlymorelikejustasincomparisoninthesamewayContrastdifferentfrombutwhilewhereasalthoughhoweverontheotherhandincontrastCharacteristicsSimilaritiesDifferencesPhysical?tall,?handsome,?smooth?hair,?deep?voicefacial?expressions?never

changedMentalclever?enough?to?solve?all?kinds?of?problemscannot?think?for?itself?Emotionalloveno?embarrassment,?alarm,?anger,?happiness?or?envyHumansbeing’sfacialexpressionchangesoften,whereas

Tony’sneverchanges.Whenthehumanbodydies,itwillnolongercomebacktolife,asopposedtorobotsthatcaneasilyberepaired.Humansarefarmorecomplexandsuperior

to

robotsinalmostallaspects.Humansarehighlysocialbeingscomparedtorobots.ArobotnamedTonywassenttoClaire’shouse(1)__________(test)out.Helookedlikearealman,tallandhandsomewithsmoothhair(2)____adeepvoice.Notonlydidhelooklikeahuman,buthe(3)________(behave)likearealman.HedideverythingtocomfortClaire.Hepreparedbreakfastin(4)___morning.HeeventriedtohelpClaireget(5)_______(dress),whichmadeClairefeelembarrassed.tobetestedandbehavedthedressed課文內(nèi)容填空。WhenheheardthatClairewasnot(6)________(satisfy)withherhouse,hebegantoimproveit.WhenhelearnedthatClairewasjealousofanotherlady,hehelpedtoimprove(7)___(she)makeupandmakeGladysandherfriendsadmireClaireby(8)______(hold)apartyathome.

Tonywasonlyarobot,buthecoulddoandthink(9)______(exact)likearealman.Heevenfellinlovewithhishostess,Claire,neartheendofthetest.(10)_____anexcellentsciencefictionitis!exactlyWhatsatisfiedherholding1.Doyouthinkitispossibleforapersontolovearobot?Why?Somepeoplemightsaythatfallinginlovewitharobotisnotapossibilitybecausethereisnogeneticcompatibilitybetweenrobotsandhumans.Whenwefallinlove,sensorystimuli,mainlysmellsandpheromonescros