情態(tài)動詞(講義及答案)

情態(tài)動詞(講義及答案)情態(tài)動詞(講義及答案)情態(tài)動詞(講義及答案)資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月情態(tài)動詞(講義及答案)版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：情態(tài)動詞（講義）一、can,could,may,might表示請求許可區(qū)別CanItakethebookawayCouldItakethebookawayMayItakethebookawayMightItakethebookaway語氣的委婉程度從高到低為can,could,may,might。can,could,might表示請求許可時的回答?！狢anyougivemeanotherchanceIcan. No,Ican’t.—CouldIlookatyourpicturesofcourseyou ./—Iamsorryyou .ould能??嗎ncan’tcould來回答?！狹ayIspeaktoyouforamomentinprivate,pleaseMayIMayI…”句式，表示“我可以??嗎”肯定回答用Yes,youmay./Yes,please./Yes,ofcourse.否定回答用No,youcan’t./No,youmustn’t.( )—MayIsmokehere— ,you .canbedangerous.can B.No;can’tC.mayD.No;needn’tMightIcomeinMightIborrowsomemoneymight用于禮貌的詢問是否能做某事，常出現(xiàn)在口語中，用法稍顯過時。maycan’tmustn’t。練習(xí)：( )—CanIgetyouadrink— .Iamnotveryniceofyou B.No,youdon’thavetoC.please D.pleasure( )—MayIleavetheclassroomnow 1—No,you .shouldn’tleaveuntilthebellrings.A.maynot B.can’t C.needn’t D.couldn’t( )— youpassmeapenI’dliketowritedownthetelephoneA.Need B.Could C.Must D.Should( )—CouldIuseyoureraserforawhileofcourseyou .A.could B.will C.can D.should二、情態(tài)動詞和短語情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞needThelittlegirlneedstogetsomesleep.Ineededtwomoredaystofinishthework.Doyouneedtohavesomecoffeeneed作實義動詞，有人稱，時態(tài)的變化。接動詞時，用動詞不定式。—NeedIcomeherebeforeeighttomorrowmorning—No,youneedn’t.need作情態(tài)動詞時，常用于否定句和疑問句中。判斷下列句子中的need屬于實義動詞還是情態(tài)動詞needstohavearestafteraworking. NeedIpaythedishesnow Hedidn’tneedtogothehospital. Heneedn’thavegonetohospital—heonlyhadacold. dare敢于Iwouldneverdaretostealthingsfromstores.DoyoudaretotellherwhatIsaidIdidn’tdaretolookathim.Idaren’ttellmymotherthetruth.dare可以做實義動詞，后面接動詞不定式（口語中to可以省略）也可做情態(tài)動詞，常用于否定句和疑問句。shallWeshallbeawaynextweek.IshallbeinHenannextFriday.I/weshall，用于表示未來要做的事。ShallIopenthewindowShallwemeetatsix,OKWhatshallImakefordinnershallI/we，??好嗎要不要??用于提建議或要求他人做請補(bǔ)充完整下面的對話A:HowcanwegothereB:Wecangotherebybus.A:HowlongwillittakeustogetthereB:Abouthalfanhour.A: B:Let’smeetatthebusstopat7o’clock.短語情態(tài)動詞hvetoYoudon’thavetobeheretomorrow.hadbetter“最好”Youhadbetterstayathometomorrow,foritwillrainheavily.Tinahadbetternotputofftheplanbecauseitisveryimportant.否定形式為hadbetternotwouldrather“寧愿”Iwouldrathergotherewithyou.我寧愿不去電影院。Iwouldrathernotgotothecinema.否定形式為wouldrathernotoughtto1）表義務(wù)，意為應(yīng)該（因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做should稍重。Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.Yououghtnottosmokesomuch.2）表推測，暗含很大的可能，語氣較弱，可翻譯為“應(yīng)該??吧”。HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumber.There’safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.三、情態(tài)動詞加完成時情態(tài)動詞表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推測It’sjustfiveo’clock.Marymustbestayingonbednow.3肯定推測Thatcan’tbeTom.HewenttoBeijingyesterday.否定推測Hemay/mightbeinChinanow.可能性推測情態(tài)動詞表示對過去情況的推測musthavedoneHemusthavearrivedinHenanatthattime.Lucymusthavefinishedthebookbeforeshereturnedit.昨晚一定有人進(jìn)來這個房間了。Somebody intheroomlastnight.musthavedone對過去的肯定推測，翻譯為“一定??了”。can’thavedoneMissLican’thavegonetoShanghai.Imetheryesterday.Hecan’thavedonethatbecausehestayedwithmeatthattime.nthavedon“不可能做了??Jimmy不可能打掃了房子，因為他昨天就不在家。Jimmycan’thavecleanedupthehousebecausehewasnotathomeyesterday.情態(tài)動詞表示對過去情況的虛擬shouldhavedoneTom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterda.Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.Myfathershouldhavegothomeatsevenbuthiscarbrokeoffontheway.shouldhvedone翻譯為“本應(yīng)該??了（但實際沒有（也可用oughttohavedone）我本就應(yīng)該知道他是在騙我的。I thathewaslyingtome.needn’thavedoneYouneedn’thavedoneitbyyourself.Youcouldaskothersforhelp.Mymomneedn’thavetoldmethesewords.Iknewhowtodoit.Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchfood—onlyfivepeoplecame.needn’thavedone翻譯為“本不應(yīng)該做??（實際做了。couldhavedoneYoucouldhavegothigherscores.4Icouldhavebeenthereyesterday,butImetTomontheway.ouldhavedone“本能夠??（實際未能做某事）練習(xí)：( )Thegroundiswet.haverainedlastnight.can’t B.needn’t C.should D.must( )Smith havegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustA.must B.needn’t C.can’t D.should( )They havefinishedtheworkbutitwasraininghard.A.must B.could C.should D.needn’t( )I haveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.A.could B.must C.needn’t D.should四、情態(tài)動詞考點(diǎn)總結(jié)?？键c(diǎn)：通過語境分析說話人語氣，選用最合適的情態(tài)動詞( )Lookout!Theknifeisverysharp.cutyourneed B.must C.should D.may( )InordertospeakEnglishbetter,we _beafraidoflosingface.Remember,practicemakesperfect.should B.shouldn’t C.haveto D.must( stopwhenthetrafficlightturnsred.can B.hadbetter C.need D.must( )There’senoughtimeforyoutogototheairport.hurrynow.A.should B.needn’t C.must D.can’t?？键c(diǎn)：情態(tài)動詞與一般現(xiàn)在時連用，表示對現(xiàn)在的推測。( )—IsHuinthereadingroom—No,he bethere.HehasgonetoTianjin.mustn’t B.needn’t C.won’t D.can’t( )Thisbook look!Hernameisonthebookcover.A.mustbe B.maybeC.can’tbe D.mustn’tbe( )—Thispairofshoes belongtoJack.Helikesthiskindverymuch.5—It behis.toolargeforhim.A.can;can’t B.may;needn’tC.must;mustn’t D.must;can’t?？键c(diǎn)：mustn’tmust問句的回答( )Accordingtothetrafficlaws,people _driveafterdrinkingwineorwouldn’t B.couldn’tC.needn’t D.mustn’t( )—Mustweleavenow—No,we .stillhavetwomorehours.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t( )—MissLi,mustwehandinourhomeworkrightnow—No,you .canhandinittomorrow.A.don’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.maynot( you _playwiththeknife.hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;should?？键c(diǎn)：can,could,might表請求許可時的回答。( )—MayIleavenow—No,you .shouldwaithereuntillunchtime.can’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.won’t( )—CouldIhaveanothermom—No,you .badforyourteeth.couldn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’tExercises一、單項選擇( )1.—CanIborrowyourpleaseyou_ .Butyoumustreturnitbeforelunchtime.have B.can C.must D.usedto( )2. youwaitafewmoreminutesIt’llbeyourturnsoon.A.Must B.Should C.Could D.Might( )3.— Itryontheseshoesinthewindow— .Theyarejuston6A.Could;youcan B.Can;youcouldn’tC.Could;youcan’t D.Can;youcould( )4.Ihearyou’vegotmanyforeigncoins. Ihavealook—Ofcourse,I’llfetchthemforyou.May B.Must C.Should D.Need( )5.—MayIsmokehere—I’msorryyou .isdangeroustosmokeatgasstation.needn’t B.couldn’tC.shouldn’t D.mustn’t( )6.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds iteveryA.practicetospeak B.topracticespeakingC.practicespeaking D.topracticetospeak( )7.—Shallwetakeataxi—No,we .notfarfromhere.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t( )8.—WhatdoyouwanttoeatforlunchIwillprepareearlieryou .goouttohavesomethingdifferent.mustn’t B.can’tC.shouldn’t D.don’thaveto( )9.ratherhotintheroom.better thewindowsortheA.close B.nottoclosedon’tclose D.notclose( )10.Thestudentsoughttowearschooluniformswhenthey’reatschool.劃線部分可以替換為： must B.wouldliketoC.should D.loveto( Harry havewonthespeechcontest easilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.could B.might C.should D.must( )12.TheweatherwasfineI__ myumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenC.needn'thavetaken D.mustn'thavetaken( )13.Ididn’thearthephone.I asleep.A.mustbe B.musthavebeenC.shouldbe D.shouldhavebeen( )14.HeisnothavelenthimtheA.can’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t( )15.I hereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A.shouldn’thavecome B.musthavecomeC.needn’thavecome D.couldhavecome( )16.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She atthemeeting.A.mustn’thavespoken B.mightn’thavespokenC.can’thavespoken D.shouldn’thavespoken( )17.—CanyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoonIcan’t.I takecareofmylittlesisterathome.A.can B.may C.would D.haveto( )18.—Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow—It becloudyorWhoknowsmust B.might C.shall D.should( )19.—Howwasthepartylastnight,Mark—Itwase.must B.can C.should D.may( )20.