考研考博-英語-山東特殊教育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東特殊教育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Your______inteachingisdifferentfrommine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.altitude

B.approach

C.fuel

D.lump

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)altitude“海拔高度”；B選項(xiàng)approach“（待人接物或思考問題的）方式，方法，態(tài)度”；C選項(xiàng)fuel“燃料”；D選項(xiàng)lump“（通常為無定形的）塊”。句意：你的______和我的不同。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是兩人在某方面不同，B選項(xiàng)approach“（待人接物或思考問題的）方式，方法，態(tài)度”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thepoliticaldissidentsdecidedtotake（）abroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.escape

B.refuge

C.life

D.hiding

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。escape逃脫；refuge避難；life生活；hiding躲藏，隱匿。句意：持不同政見者決定去國(guó)外。takerefuge為固定搭配，意為“避難，（以掩飾等手段）逃脫困境”，因此正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Heenjoyedthedessertsomuchthatheacceptedasecond（）whenitwasoffered.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.loading

B.piling

C.helping

D.sharing

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)loading“裝載；裝貨；裝載的貨”；B選項(xiàng)piling“地樁；打樁；樁材；打樁工程”；C選項(xiàng)helping“（食物的）一份”；D選項(xiàng)sharing“公用，共享”。句意：他非常喜歡甜點(diǎn)，所以當(dāng)有人給他第二份時(shí)，他接受了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.寫作題

AforeignfriendofyourshasrecentlygraduatedfromcollegeandintendstofindajobinChina.Writehimanemailtomakesomesuggestions.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheend.Use"LiMingOpen"instead.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)

【答案】Dearfriend,

AsastudentofPekingUniversity,IamwritingthisletterforthepurposeofgivingyousomesuggestionsabouthowtofindadecentandsuperiorjobinChina.Theconcerningsuggestionsareasfollows.

Tobeginwith,greatemphasisshouldbeattachedtotheintegrityandrichnessofresume,whichisapreconditionandbasisforfindingajob.Undoubtedly,agoodresumegetsyourfootinthedoorandwilldetermineifyouactuallygettothenextstep—ajobinterview.Moreimportantly,itisbeneficialforyoutodeliveryourresumeonseveraljobboardssothatyoucanhavebetteroddsofbeinghired.

Thankyouforyourdueattentiontothisletter.IhopethatyoumayfindtheadviceaboveusefulandIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

Yourssincerely,【解析】親愛的朋友：

作為一名北京大學(xué)的學(xué)生，我寫這封信是為了給你一些建議，告訴你如何在中國(guó)找到一份體面而優(yōu)越的工作。有關(guān)建議如下。

首先，要高度重視簡(jiǎn)歷的完整性和豐富性，這是找工作的前提和基礎(chǔ)。毫無疑問，一份好的簡(jiǎn)歷是求職的敲門磚，并決定你是否真正進(jìn)入下一步——面試。更重要的是，在多個(gè)求職平臺(tái)上投遞簡(jiǎn)歷對(duì)你是有好處的，這樣你就能有更大的幾率被錄用。

感謝你對(duì)這封信的關(guān)注。希望上述建議對(duì)你有用。我期待著收到你的來信。

最真摯的，5.單選題

TheSwisspsychologistJeanPiagetreportedastrikingcasefromhisownpast.Herememberedhisnannypushinghiminhiscarriagewhenamancameupandtriedtokidnaphim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assault

B.abduct

C.embrace

D.compliment

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.assault襲擊，侵犯人身（尤指構(gòu)成罪行）B.abduct劫持，綁架

C.embrace抱，擁抱D.compliment贊美，稱贊

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】kidnap的意思為“劫持，綁架”，和him構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配，指的是有個(gè)男人試圖綁架他，abduct與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】瑞士心理學(xué)家讓?皮亞杰報(bào)告了自己過去的一個(gè)不同尋常的案例。他記得他的保姆在他的馬車?yán)锿浦?，這時(shí)有個(gè)男人走過來并試圖綁架他。

6.單選題

Duringtheadolescence,thedevelopmentofpoliticalideologybecomesapparentintheindividual;ideologyhereisdefinedasthepresenceofroughlyconsistentattitudes,moreorlessorganizedinreferencetoamoreencompassing,thoughperhapstacit,setofgeneralprinciples.Assuch,politicalideologyisdimorabsentatthebeginningofadolescence.Itsacquisitionbytheadolescent,ineventhemostmodestsense,requirestheacquisitionofrelativelysophisticatedcognitiveskills:theabilitytomanageabstractness,tosynthesizeandgeneralize,toimaginethefuture.Thesearcaccompaniedbyasteadyadvanceintheabilitytounderstandprinciples.

Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.ByknowledgeImeanmorethanthedreary“facts”,suchasthecompositionofcountygovernment,thatthechildisexposedtointheconventionalninth-gradecivicscourse.NordoImeanonlyinformationoncurrentpoliticalrealities.Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan“appropriately”demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe“proper”relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.Thus,politicalknowledgeistheawarenessofsocialassumptionsandrelationshipsaswellasofobjectivefacts.Muchofthenaivetethatcharacterizestheyoungeradolescent’sgraspofpoliticsstemsnotfromanignoranceof“facts”butfromanincompletecomprehensionofthecommonconventionsofthesystem,ofwhatisandnotcustomarilydone,andofhowandwhyitisorisnotdone.

YetIdonotwanttooveremphasizethesignificanceofincreasedpoliticalknowledgeinformingadolescentideology.OvertheyearsIhavebecomeprogressivelydisenchantedaboutthecentralityofsuchknowledgeandhavecometobelievethatmuchcurrentworkinpoliticalsocialization,byrelyingtooheavilyonitsapparentacquisition,hasbeenmisledaboutthetempoofpoliticalunderstandinginadolescence.Justasyoungchildrencancountmembersinserieswithoutgraspingtheprincipleofordination,youngadolescentsmayhaveintheirheadsmanyrandombitsofpoliticalinformationwithoutasecureunderstandingofthoseconceptsthatwouldgiveorderandmeaningtotheinformation.

Likemagpies,children’smindspickupbitsandpiecesofdata.Ifyouencouragethem,theywilldroptheseatyourfeet—republicansandDemocrats,thetripartitedivisionofthefederalsystem,perhapseventhecapitalofMassachusetts.Butuntiltheadolescenthasgraspedtheencompassingfunctionthatconceptsandprinciplesprovide,thedataremainfragmented,random,disordered.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinthepassageisto（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcontributestothedevelopmentofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhat,duringearlyadolescence,achildwouldfindwhichofthefollowingmostdifficulttounderstand?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementaboutschools?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’sevaluationoftheaccumulationofpoliticalknowledgebyadolescents?

6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheorganizationoftheauthor’sdiscussionoftheroleofpoliticalknowledgeintheformationofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explainwhyadolescentsaregenerallyuninterestedinpoliticalarguments

B.disputethetheorythatapoliticalideologycanbeacquiredduringadolescence

C.clarifythekindsofunderstandinganadolescentmusthaveinordertodevelopapoliticalideology

D.explainwhyanadolescent’spoliticalideologyusuallyappearsmoresophisticatedthanitactuallyis

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Consciousrecognitionbytheadolescentofhisorherownnaivete.

B.Thoroughcomprehensionoftheconceptofordination.

C.Rejectionofabstractreasoninginfavorofinvolvementwithpragmaticsituations.

D.Intuitiveunderstandingofrelationshipsamongvariouscomponentsofsociety.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Abookchroniclingthewaysinwhichthepresidentialinaugurationceremonyhaschangedovertheyears.

B.Adebateinwhichtheparticipantsargue,respectively,thatthefederalgovernmentshouldorshouldnotsupportprivateschools.

C.Asummaryoftherespectiveresponsibilitiesofthelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranchesofgovernment.

D.AnarticledetailingthespecificreligiousgroupsthatfoundedAmericancoloniesandtheguidingprinciplesofeachone.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldpresentpoliticalinformationaccordingtocarefullyplanned,schematicarrangements.

B.Theythemselvesconstitutepartofageneralsociopoliticalsystemthatadolescentsarelearningtounderstand.

C.Iftheyweretointroducepoliticalsubjectmatterintheprimarygrades,studentswouldunderstandcurrentpoliticalrealitiesatanearlierage.

D.Becausetheyaresubsidiarytogovernment,theircontributiontothepoliticalunderstandingofadolescentmustbelimited.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisunquestionablynecessary,butitssignificancecaneasilybeoverestimated.

B.Itisimportant,butnotasimportantasistheabilitytoappearknowledgeable.

C.Itdelaysthenecessityofconsideringunderlyingprinciples.

D.Itisprimarilyrelevanttoanunderstandingoflimited,localconcerns,suchascountrypolitics.

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Heacknowledgesitsimportance,butthenmodifieshisinitialassertionofthatimportance.

B.Heconsistentlyresiststheideathatitisimportant,usingaseriesofexamplestosupporthisstand.

C.Hewaversinevaluatingitandfinallyusesanalogiestoexplainwhyheisindecisive.

D.Hecarefullyrefrainsfrommakinganinitialjudgmentaboutit,butlaterconfirmsitscriticalrole.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘a(chǎn)ppropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，這些都是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒那么關(guān)鍵，比如國(guó)家可以對(duì)公民提出什么適當(dāng)?shù)囊?，反之亦然，或者政府與附屬社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)（如學(xué)校和教堂）之間的適當(dāng)關(guān)系?？膳袛喑霰疚牡闹饕獌?nèi)容旨在闡明青少年必須具備哪些理解能力才能形成一種政治意識(shí)形態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘a(chǎn)ppropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，這些都是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒那么關(guān)鍵，比如國(guó)家可以對(duì)公民提出什么適當(dāng)?shù)囊螅粗嗳?，或者政府與附屬社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)（如學(xué)校和教堂）之間的適當(dāng)關(guān)系?？膳袛喑鰧?duì)社會(huì)各組成部分之間關(guān)系的直觀性理解才有利于青少年政治意識(shí)形態(tài)的形成。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Muchofthenaivetéthatcharacterizestheyoungeradolescent’sgraspofpoliticsstemsnotfromanignoranceof‘facts’butfromanincompletecomprehensionofthecommonconventionsofthesystem,ofwhatisandnotcustomarilydone,andofhowandwhyitisorisnotdone.”，青少年對(duì)政治的無知，在很大程度上并非源于對(duì)事實(shí)的無知，而是源于不完全理解共同的制度慣例、習(xí)慣上該做什么和不該做什么，以及這些事情該如何處理應(yīng)對(duì)，做與不做的原因何在。所以可以判斷出青少年對(duì)于應(yīng)該或不應(yīng)該做某事的決策的理解是最困難的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘a(chǎn)ppropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，這些都是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒那么關(guān)鍵，比如國(guó)家可以對(duì)公民提出什么適當(dāng)?shù)囊?，反之亦然，或者政府與附屬社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)（如學(xué)校和教堂）之間的適當(dāng)關(guān)系?？膳袛喑鰧W(xué)校構(gòu)成了青少年正在學(xué)習(xí)理解的一般社會(huì)政治體系的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.”，兒童對(duì)政治知識(shí)的快速習(xí)得可以促進(jìn)青少年時(shí)期政治意識(shí)形態(tài)的成長(zhǎng)。所以作者肯定政治知識(shí)對(duì)于青少年政治意思形態(tài)成長(zhǎng)的作用。又根據(jù)文章第三段，“YetIdonotwanttooveremphasizethesignificanceofincreasedpoliticalknowledgeinformingadolescentideology.”，作者不想過分強(qiáng)調(diào)增加政治知識(shí)對(duì)形成青少年意識(shí)形態(tài)的重要性?？膳袛喑鲈谧髡呖磥砬嗌倌陮?duì)政治知識(shí)的積累無疑是必要的，但其重要性很容易被高估。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.”，作者肯定政治知識(shí)對(duì)于青少年政治意識(shí)形態(tài)成長(zhǎng)的作用。又根據(jù)下文“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding...”，那些政治知識(shí)只是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒那么關(guān)鍵。可判斷出作者對(duì)于政治知識(shí)在青少年政治意識(shí)形態(tài)形成中的作用的觀點(diǎn)發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，一開始承認(rèn)它的重要性，但隨后改變了他最初對(duì)其重要性的斷言。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

（）firetestsgold,sodoesadversitytestscourage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Like

B.Alike

C.As

D.Comparing

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞。Like“像”，可作介詞；alike“相同的，相似的”，可作形容詞；as“像……”，可作介詞；comparing“比較”，可作動(dòng)詞。此處“firetestsgold”為一個(gè)完整的句子，所以要用連詞，句意：就好像真金不怕火煉一樣，意志不畏艱難。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost（

）areasinJapaneselife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sophisticated

B.competitive

C.considerate

D.superficial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sophisticated意為“見多識(shí)廣的，老練的”；competitive意為“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，比賽的”；considerate意為“考慮周到的，體貼的”；superficial意為“膚淺的，表面的”。由前面because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語，可知好大學(xué)的學(xué)位意味著好更好的工作，故此推測(cè)教育領(lǐng)域具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性，因此選B。

句意：因?yàn)橐凰么髮W(xué)的學(xué)位是獲得更好工作的手段，所以教育是日本人生活中最具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的領(lǐng)域之一。

9.單選題

TheBritishMedicalJournalrecentlyfeaturedastrongresponsetowhatwasjudgedaninappropriatelylenientreactionbyamedicalschooltoastudentcheatinginanexamination.Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity

Thereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdepend.Itisreasonabletoassumethatcheatersinmedicalschoolwillbemorelikelythanotherstocontinuetoactdishonestlywithpatients,colleagues,insurersandgovernments.

Thebehaviorsunderquestionaremultifactorialinorigin.Therearefamilial,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschool.Forexample,countries,cultures,andsubculturesexistwherebribesanddishonestbehaviorarealmostanorm.Therearesecondaryschoolsinwhichneitherstaffnorstudentstoleratecheatingandotherswherecheatingisrampant;therearehomeswhichimbueyoungpeoplewithhighstandardsofethicalbehaviorandotherswhichleaveethicaltrainingtotheharmfulinfluenceoftelevisionandthemarketplace.?

Medicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.Theselectionprocessofmedicalstudentsmightbeexpectedtofavorcandidateswithintegrityandpositiveethicalbehaviorifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance.Medicalschoolshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforimbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity.Unfortunatelytherearetroubling,ifinconclusive,datathatsuggestthatduringmedicalschooltheethicalbehaviorofmedicalstudentsdoesnotnecessarilyimprove;indeed,moraldevelopmentmayactuallystoporevenregress.

Thecreationofapervasiveinstitutionalcultureofintegrityisessential.Itiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleofintegrity.Medicalschoolsmustmaketheirinstitutionalpositionandtheirexpectationsofstudentsabsolutelyclearfromdayone.Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing.Moreover,theschool'sexaminationsystemandgeneraltreatmentofstudentsmustbeperceivedasfair.Finally,thetreatmentofinfractionsmustbefirm，fair,transparent,andconsistent.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcheatinginmedicalschools?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,itisimportanttopreventcheatinginmedicalschoolsbecause（）.

3.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthecause(s)ofcheating?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatprecautionsshouldmedicalschoolstaketopreventstudentsfromcheating?

5.Theauthorwillprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Extensiveresearchhasbeendoneaboutthisphenomenon.

B.Wehavesufficientdatatoprovethatpreventionisfeasible.

C.Wearesafetoconcludethatthisphenomenonexistsonagrandscale.

D.Reliabledataabouttheextent,preventionandmanagementofthephenomenonislacking.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust

B.thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicine

C.themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernment

D.cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Family,cultureandsocietyplayanactivepart.

B.Badschoolenvironmentistheleadingcauseofstudentcheating.

C.Parentsarealwaystoblamefortheirchildren'scheatingbehavior.

D.CheatingexistsprimarilybecausestudentslearnbadthingsfromTV.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Medicalschoolsshouldestablishafirmmoralstandardtoweedoutapplicantswithlowintegrity.

B.Medicalschoolsshouldmakeeffortstoremedytheillsofasociety.

C.Medicalschoolsshouldteachfuturedoctorsintegrityandethicalvalues.

D.Thereisnothingmedicalschoolscandotoimprovetheethicalbehavioroftheirstudents.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Medicalschoolsshouldmakeexamseasierforthestudentstoalleviatethefiercecompetition.

B.Prominentfiguresinthemedicalinstitutionshouldcreateasetofmoralstandardstobeappliedinmedicalschools.

C.Medicalstudentsshouldplayanactiveroleinthecreationandpreservationofacultureofintegrity.

D.Thosestudentswhocheatintheexamsshouldbeinstantlyexpelledfromschool

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段提到“Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity.雖然我們沒有足夠的可靠數(shù)據(jù)來說明這一現(xiàn)象的嚴(yán)重程度，也不了解如何預(yù)防和進(jìn)行有效管理，但可以根據(jù)常識(shí)和看似有效的觀念得出很多結(jié)論并采取行動(dòng)”可知，D項(xiàng)“有關(guān)這種現(xiàn)象的程度、預(yù)防和管控的可靠數(shù)據(jù)是缺乏的”正確；也由此知A、B、C三項(xiàng)不正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)實(shí)題。第二段中提到“Thereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdepend.人們普遍認(rèn)為，在基于信任和有關(guān)生命安全的職業(yè)中的作弊應(yīng)該零容忍”可知A“醫(yī)療職業(yè)基于信任”正確；B“醫(yī)療作弊是零容忍的”是結(jié)果不是原因；C“醫(yī)療行業(yè)依靠政府”和D“作弊在醫(yī)學(xué)院中廣泛存在”原文均未提及，故選A。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段提到“Thebehaviorsunderquestionaremultifactorialinorigin.Therearefamilial,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschool.導(dǎo)致這些作弊行為的原因很多。這些原因包括在就讀醫(yī)學(xué)院之前受到的家庭、宗教及文化影響?！笨芍狝“家庭，文化和社會(huì)發(fā)揮重要作用”正確，故選A。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)院應(yīng)該建立一個(gè)可靠的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來淘汰低水平的申請(qǐng)者”，文章第四段提到“ifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance.如果醫(yī)學(xué)院有可靠的方法提前識(shí)別學(xué)生的品質(zhì)的話”，此句為條件狀語從句，由此可知目前還沒有找到這種識(shí)別方法，故A不正確；B項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)院應(yīng)該努力糾正所有的社會(huì)問題”，文章第四段中提到“Medicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.醫(yī)學(xué)院的問題反映了整個(gè)社會(huì)問題，我們不能指望社會(huì)的所有弊病都能被糾正”可知B不正確；C項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)院應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)未來醫(yī)生誠(chéng)信和道德價(jià)值觀”，第四段中提到“Medicalschoolshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforimbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity.醫(yī)學(xué)院應(yīng)該成為未來醫(yī)生灌輸誠(chéng)信和道德觀念的中心”可知C正確；D項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)院無法改善學(xué)生的道德行為”，文章最后一段列舉了一些解決學(xué)生道德行為問題的方法，如“在醫(yī)學(xué)院中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)普遍的誠(chéng)信文化制度；讓醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)袖樹立個(gè)人誠(chéng)信榜樣可知D不正確，故選C。

5.判斷推理題。A項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)院應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生考試更容易，以緩解激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。”和D項(xiàng)“考試作弊的學(xué)生應(yīng)該立即被開除出學(xué)?！痹谖闹芯刺峒?；B項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)中的杰出人物應(yīng)該制定一套道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用于醫(yī)學(xué)院?！痹淖詈笠欢翁岬健癷tiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleofintegrity.醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)袖樹立個(gè)人的誠(chéng)信榜樣是很關(guān)鍵的”，可知B項(xiàng)中“createasetofmoralstandards創(chuàng)建道徳標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”不正確；C項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)生應(yīng)在創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)誠(chéng)信文化方面發(fā)揮積極作用”，最后一段提到“Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing.學(xué)校誠(chéng)信文化的發(fā)展需要與學(xué)生建立伙伴關(guān)系，使他們?cè)趯W(xué)校的創(chuàng)建和培養(yǎng)中發(fā)揮積極作用。”可知C項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Julieisoneofthosewomenwhoalways（

）thelatestfashions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookafter

B.keepupwith

C.runfor

D.getonwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。lookafter意為“照顧”；keepupwith意為“跟上，對(duì)……消息靈通，保持接觸”；runfor意為“競(jìng)選，趕快去請(qǐng)”；getonwith意為“繼續(xù)（干某事）”。

句意：朱莉是那些總是追求時(shí)髦的女性之一。

11.單選題

Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.Thetraditionalintentofacraftlikeceramicsistoserveautilitarianfunctionanditsabilitytoactinthiscapacityisessentiallydependentupontheskillofproperlyshapingavesseltocorrespondtoitstask,soneitheritsexactmannerofconstruction(byhandorwheel,coilorslab)northesignificanceofimageryglazedonitssurfacechangesitsprimaryrole“tocontain”,thoughitmayaddtoitsvalue.Whileceramicistsmustthinkandconstructartaccordingtocertainpatternsofutilitarianform,followingaprototypalmodelthatrelatestotheartwork’spurpose,finearthasnosuchrequirement.

Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.AnexaminationofthisapparentinconsistencyrevealsboththeGreek’shighregardforaestheticsandtheexplanationthatfineartistsusuallycreatedthepaintingsonthevasesmadebypotters.ThoughGreekvasepaintingdiffersgreatlyfromtheworkofmodernartistPabloPicasso,hetoopaintedonceramicobjectsmadebyothers.Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms,itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.

Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.Frequently,artthatservesadecorativefunctionisconfusedwithbothutilitarianandfineartbecauseofitssimilarappearance,butthefunctionofdecorativeartistheformitself,itisnotcompelledtofulfilleitherautilitariantaskoraddressconceptsthatexemplifyitshistoricperiod.Communicationwouldappearredundantiffineartists,likeutilitariananddecorativeartists,weretoproduceunlimitednumbersofthesameobject.Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.Therefore,archaeologistsshouldbeawarethatanartifactproducedinanywaybyformulaisnotfineart.Thefineartist’sprocessiscontinuousfromthemomentofconceptionuntilapieceiscomplete,andthuseverythingisthoughtofintermsofcontext,sothat,asageneralguide,archaeologistsshouldconsidernomarkwithinaworkunimportantandonlydefineitsmeaninginrelationtothewholepiece.

36.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

37.Accordingtothepassage,the"earliervases"mentionedinthesecondparagraphconstitutewhichofthefollowing?

38.Accordingtothepassage,theformwhichfinearttakesatanygivenhistoricalmomentisoftendictatedby（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sviewoftheargumentthatfineartmaybedistinguishedasacategorybyitsphysicalform?

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfineartsproductionisbestsupportedbytheinformationpresentedinthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinguishingmutuallyexclusivecategories

B.clarifyinganapparentcontradiction

C.supportingnewideas

D.analyzingaproblem

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theproductofmixedmediaart,involvinghybridforms.

B.Acaseofprimarilyutilitarianartbeingputtodecorativepurposes.

C.Utilitarianartwhosemakersweresolelyconcernedwithfunctionality.

D.Fineart,whoseprimarypurposeistoconveyaestheticmeaning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thelevelofcontinuityintheartist’sthinkingprocess

B.theconceptswhichexemplifythehistoricalperiodofitscreation

C.thetechnologyavailabletotheartistatthetimetheartpieceiscreated

D.thelevelofskillwhichtheartistbringstotheartwork

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Outrightapproval.

B.Skepticism.

C.Neutrality.

D.Indignation.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thebestfineartisinsomecasesproducedbyformula,resultinginmassquantitiesofasingleobject.

B.Onceanartistcreatesawork,thereisusuallylittlebenefitinhisduplicatingit,asithasalreadyconveyeditsmeaning.

C.Inaestheticterms,fineartisoftenconsideredsuperiortodecorativeart,whosebeautyislimitedbyfunctionality.

D.Atthepresenthistoricalmoment,hightechnologylikeelectronicsseldomplaysaroleinartsotherthanfinearts.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】36.主旨大意。原文第一段第一句提到Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.（為了便于進(jìn)入美術(shù)思維，避免在基本方面被誤導(dǎo)，考古學(xué)家必須理解定義和管理每一個(gè)藝術(shù)類別的原則，無論是實(shí)用主義的、精細(xì)的還是裝飾性的。），說明作者在分析一個(gè)問題。從而得出本題答案。

37.細(xì)節(jié)推斷。根據(jù)題干“earliervases”定位到原文第二段第一句Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.（優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家經(jīng)常使用混合或新媒介的作品，以希臘古時(shí)期的花瓶為例，這是早期花瓶范式的一種反常，因?yàn)楹笃诘幕ㄆ坎粌H具有“容納”的作用，而且還具有傳達(dá)思想的作用。）分析第一句可知earliervases指代前文的“mixedornewmedia”,從而得出本題答案。

38.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“fineart”定位到原文第二段最后一句Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms，itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.（對(duì)比古代美術(shù)形式，如繪畫、石雕或金屬雕塑，與當(dāng)代美術(shù)形式，如計(jì)算機(jī)藝術(shù)、視頻圖像和全息圖，可以看到，隨著文化的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)變，其變化可見于美術(shù)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。）根據(jù)信息點(diǎn)“technology”,“visible”“thestructuralforms”即可得出本題答案。

39.

觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文，根據(jù)原文作者論述的語調(diào)和原文最后一段第一句Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.（同時(shí)，藝術(shù)的變化表明其職責(zé)反映和創(chuàng)造新的文化的認(rèn)知，但形式本身是不足以對(duì)象為藝術(shù)類別進(jìn)行分類。）中“insufficient”可知作者的態(tài)度是skepticism，從而得出本題答案。

40.細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。根據(jù)原文最后一段第四句Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.（一旦一個(gè)想法被文化所吸收，就沒有必要再去討論它，除非藝術(shù)家們能更清晰地定義或重新定義它。）中的信息點(diǎn)“anideaisassimilated,nolongeraneed”“clearlydefiningorredefiningit”，即可得出本題答案。

12.翻譯題

中國(guó)人講究“義利相兼，以義為先”。中非關(guān)系最大的“義”，就是用中國(guó)發(fā)展助力非洲的發(fā)展、最終實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏、共同發(fā)展。中方支持非洲人以非洲方式解決非洲問題，主張解決安全問題要標(biāo)本兼治、綜合施策。在工業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、投資和貿(mào)易便利化等領(lǐng)域，中非合作將為雙方企業(yè)投資和貿(mào)易提供更多機(jī)會(huì)，從而提高非洲產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，彌補(bǔ)非洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施缺口。在現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、綠色發(fā)展、減貧惠民等方面的合作，將促進(jìn)中非企業(yè)分享先進(jìn)技術(shù)和建立可持續(xù)發(fā)展模式，增強(qiáng)自主發(fā)展能力，提高公共治理水平。

【答案】Chinesepeoplepayattentiontothephaseofrighteousnessandconcurrentlytorighteousnessfirst.China-AfricarelationstherighteousnessofthebiggestboostAfrica’sdevelopmentistouseChina’sdevelopment,Ultimatelyachievemutualbenefitandwin-winresults.ThecommondevelopmentofChina’ssupportoftheAfricanpeopleinAfricawaysolvetheproblemofAfrica,arguesthattosolvesecurityproblemstotreatbothcomprehensiveShiCe.Intheindustri