考研考博-英語-安康學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安康學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

IthinkIwasatschool,（

）IwasstayingwithafriendduringthevacationwhenIheardthenews.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.orelse

B.andthen

C.orso

D.evenso

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)andthen“于是，然后”;C選項(xiàng)orso“大約”;D選項(xiàng)evenso“雖然如此，即使如此”。根據(jù)句意‘當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，我應(yīng)該是在學(xué)校，……在和朋友度假?！瘧?yīng)該是表示選擇，所以A選項(xiàng)orelse“否則,要不然”符合邏輯，正確。

2.翻譯題

Oneofthemostdifficultsituationsthataresearchercanencounteristoseeorsuspectthatacolleaguehasviolatedtheethicalstandardsoftheresearchcommunity.Itiseasytofindexcusestodonothing,butsomeonewhohaswitnessedmisconducthasanunmistakableobligationtoact.Atthemostimmediatelevel,misconductcanseriouslyobstructordamageone’sownresearchortheresearchofcolleagues.Morebroadly,evenasinglecaseofmisconductcanmalignscientistsandtheirinstitutions,resultintheimpositionofcounterproductiveregulations,andshakepublicconfidenceintheintegrityofscience.

【答案】看到或懷疑同事違反了研究界的倫理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是研究人員可能遇到的最困難的情況之一。找個(gè)借口什么都不做很容易，但目睹了不當(dāng)行為的人，顯然有義務(wù)采取行動。從最直接的層面來說，不當(dāng)?shù)男袨榭赡車?yán)重阻礙甚至毀掉自己或同事的研究。從更廣泛的層面來說，即使只是一個(gè)不當(dāng)?shù)男袨?，也可以損害科學(xué)家及其機(jī)構(gòu)聲譽(yù)，導(dǎo)致實(shí)施適得其反的規(guī)定，并且動搖公眾對科學(xué)誠信的信心。

3.單選題

AfewyearsagoaloneAmericancampaignerwroteabookinwhichhesetoutthemainpointofhisfascinateingocampaign—toabolishtelevision.Hismanifest“FourArgumentsfortheEliminationofTelevision”isanAmericanbestseller,andaftereighteditionsisstillgeneratinggreatconcernanddebateintheUSA.

JerryMander,aformeradvertisingexpertisconvincedthatforthesakeofourfreedom,andmentalandphysicalhealth,weshouldlearntolivewithoutTV.ThroughhisadvertisingbackgroundManderisawareofhowmuchoftelevisionisconcernedwithadvertisingandmoneymaking.Heseestheplantingofvaluesforprofitas“adeep,profoundanddisturbingactbyfewagainstthemany,foratrivialpurpose.”And,evenwithoutcommercials,heseesTVasdisturbingbecauseitcramspeople’sheadswithimageswhichalterthewaytheyfeelandbehave.Picturesformedby300,000tinydancingdotsaltering30timespersecond,bombardtheireyesaspeoplescantheimages10timesasecond.Thebrainregistersandstoresall30images,buttheconsciousmindregistersfarfewer.But,arguesMander,evenifyourejectordoubtwhatyouseeconsciously,itistoolate.

HefurtherarguesthatTVisadeadeningexperienceasitisrestrictedtojusttwosenses—sightandsound.Perceptionisdulledandflattened,saysMander,whenyoucan’tfeelandsmellandtotallyexperienceanevent.Peoplearejustsittingpassivelyforuptofourhoursanightwatchingascreenandlisteningtoartificialsound.“Nocultureinhistoryhasspentsuchanenormousamountoftimelookingatartificiallight,”saysMander,“andanotherworryingfactisthatprolongedexposuretoartificiallightaltershumancells,whichiswhyitisbeingusedforcertainmedicaltreatment”Researchersdonotknowiflife-longTVexposureisaphysicalriskornot,butasManderwouldargue,whyruntherisk?Itisimportantthatpeoplegetupnowandwithitoffbeforetheharmisdone—theymightalsobecomebrain-washed,orwhoknows.

1.FourArgumentsfortheEliminationofTedlevisionisabookwhich（

）.

2.JerryManderobjectstoTVadvertisingmainlybecause（

）

3.Manderthinkspeople’sfeelingsandbehaviorsarechangedbecause（

）.

4.BywatchingTVforseveralhourseverynight,Manderimpliesthat（

）.

5.MandersuggeststhatviewingTVoverlongperiodsoftime（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.causeddistresstomanyAmericans

B.achievedgreatsuccessoverseas

C.becameaverypopularbooktoread

D.expressedtheviewsofafascinatingman

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theunderlyingprinciplesconcernmoney-making

B.itisineffectualingettingitsmessageacross

C.afewpeoplearedeeplydisturbedbyit

D.thevaluesitconveysareacceptedbyall

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thebrainisabletomakeconsciousdecisions

B.theconsciousmindisaffectedbyTVimages

C.theireyesscanaTVscreen10timesasecond

D.theconsciousmindisunabletorejecttheimagesitsees

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewouldlosetheirothersenses

B.peoplewouldbeveiyimaginative

C.peoplewillbecomeverypassive

D.peoplewouldcometodependononlywatching

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.couldleadtodeath

B.mightcausebraindamage

C.couldendangerpeople’shealth

D.wouldmakecellsmalignant

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段：…aftereighteditionsisstillgeneratinggreatconcernanddebateintheUSA：這本書自從幾年前出版以來已經(jīng)出了八版。并且還在引起廣泛的關(guān)注和激烈的爭論。由此可知，C項(xiàng)(成為了很受歡迎的書)為正確答案。A:給美國人帶來了痛苦。與原文不符。B:在海外取得很大成功。文章只提到在美國引起人們的關(guān)注與爭議，故與原文不符。D:介紹一個(gè)有魅力者的觀點(diǎn)。與原文不符。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段：...howmuchoftelevisionisconcernedwithadvertising

andmoneymaking...；Heseestheplantingofvaluesforprofitas“adeep,profoundanddisturbingactbyfewagainstthemany,foratrivialpurpose.杰里反對電視中的廣告并不是因?yàn)殡娨晱V告帶來的利潤太少。而是他認(rèn)為對于以利益為導(dǎo)向的價(jià)值觀的灌輸是少數(shù)人對于公眾的不負(fù)責(zé)任的行為。

3.推斷題。第二段：...itcramspeople’sheadswithimageswhichalterthewaytheyfeelandbehave（電視使人們的腦子里充斥著大量的畫面和形象）。故選B項(xiàng)(意識受到電視畫面的影響)。

4.推斷題。第三段指出:Perceptionisdulledandflattened,...whenyoucan’tfeelandsmellandtotallyexperienceanevent.Peoplearejustsittingpassivelyforuptofourhoursanightwatchingascreenandlisteningtoartificialsound(感覺會變得遲鈍，人也變得沒精打彩，也就不能感受與體會到整個(gè)事件的過程。這樣人們就只能被動的一個(gè)晚上坐在那達(dá)四個(gè)小時(shí)，看著電視屏幕，聽著人工的聲音),因此選C項(xiàng)(人會變得很被動)。

5.推斷題。最后一段指出：...prolongedexposuretoartificiallightaltershumancells,whichiswhyitisbeingusedforcertainmedicaltreatment(長期暴露在人造光下會改變?nèi)梭w細(xì)胞，這就是為什么它被用于某種醫(yī)學(xué)治療的原因),不難看出長時(shí)間暴露在電視人工的光線也有可能威脅人們的健康。

4.單選題

Hecould（）shadowyfigureofamanstandingamongthetrees.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disguise

B.discern

C.disinterest

D.discover

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disguise“掩飾；假裝”；B選項(xiàng)discern“察覺出；識別”；C選項(xiàng)disinterest“使不關(guān)心；使沒興趣”；D選項(xiàng)discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺”。句意：他能夠……站在樹與樹之間的人的模糊身影。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞shadowyfigureofaman“一個(gè)人的模糊身影”，在句中他有這個(gè)能力識別出那個(gè)模糊的身影。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Legislationhasbeendevelopedthroughoutthe20thcenturyattemptingtoprotectemployeesfrom（）dismissalbytheiremployers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unrecognizable

B.undeniable

C.unreachable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。unrecognizable“未被承認(rèn)的，無法認(rèn)出的”；deniable“不可否認(rèn)的，無可爭辯的”；unreachable“不能得到的；不能到達(dá)的”；unjustifiable“不合道理的；不能分辨的”。句意：發(fā)展貫穿整個(gè)20世紀(jì)的法律是為了保護(hù)員工，讓他們不再被雇主無理由解雇。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Itisreportedthatfewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,（

）thesamecompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchworse

B.lesslikely

C.allelse

D.letalone

【答案】D

【解析】句意:據(jù)報(bào)道，如今越來越少的工人愿意一輩子從事一個(gè)領(lǐng)域的工作，更不用說在一個(gè)公司了。

考查短語辨析。muchworse更糟糕的是;lesslikely最不可能的是;allelse其他一切；letalone更不用說。故D符合句意。

7.單選題

“Thereisaweirdpowerinaspokenword,”JosephConradoncesaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mighty

B.prospective

C.odd

D.formidable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。weird表示“奇怪的，不可思議的”；A項(xiàng)mighty“強(qiáng)有力的”，B項(xiàng)prospective“未來的”，C項(xiàng)odd“古怪的”，D項(xiàng)formidable“令人敬畏的”。句意：約瑟夫?康納德（JosephConrad）曾經(jīng)說過：“口頭語言擁有神奇的力量?！备鶕?jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Casesinvolvingyoungpeopleunder18areheardinspeciallyconstitutedchildrencourts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.junior

B.youth

C.infantile

D.juvenile

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)junior“年輕人（是一個(gè)相對的概念，比……年輕/低一等級）”；B選項(xiàng)youth“青年，青春（一般指10歲到20歲多一點(diǎn)的男青年）”；C選項(xiàng)infantile“嬰兒的”；D選項(xiàng)juvenile“青少年的，幼稚的（是法律用語）”。句意：涉及18歲以下青少年的案件由專門設(shè)立的兒童法庭審理。由于原句是涉及到法庭案件，并且兒童是年紀(jì)稍小的，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinburnscancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclosure

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclosure“披露，揭發(fā)”；B選項(xiàng)exhibition“展覽，顯示”；C選項(xiàng)contact“接觸”；D選項(xiàng)exposure“暴露”。句意：過多地暴露在X光下會導(dǎo)致皮膚灼傷、產(chǎn)生癌癥或造成其他身體上的損傷。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybeadescriptive（

）,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfoursroaringandwagginghistail.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.analogue

B.analogy

C.analytic

D.node

【答案】B

【解析】句意:將一個(gè)在戰(zhàn)爭中的戰(zhàn)士說成獅子一樣可能是一個(gè)不錯的比喻，但是這并不意味著他四肢著地?fù)u著尾巴大聲咆哮著。

形近詞辨析。Analogue類似物，相似物;analogy比喻，相似;analytic分解的;anode陽極。題目中的Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelion這個(gè)部分是將戰(zhàn)士比喻成獅子。故選B。

11.案例題

Obama'ssuccessisn'tallgoodnewsforblackAmericans

AsErinWhitewatchedtheelectionresultsheadtowardsvictoryforBarackObama,shefeltaburdenliftingfromhershoulders."Inthatonesecond,itwasavalidationformywholerace,"sherecalls.

"I'vealwaysbeenanachiever,"saysWhite,whoisstudyingforanMBAatVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Tennessee."ButtherehadalwaysbeenthesethingsinthebackofmymindquestioningwhetherIreallycanbewhoIwant.Itwaslikeashadow,followingmearoundsayingyoucanonlygosofar.Nowit'slikeabarrierhasbeenletdown."

White'sexperienceiswhatmanypsychologistshadexpected-thatObamawouldprovetobeapowerfulrolemodelforAfricanAmericans.SomehopedhisrisetoprominencewouldhaveabigimpactonwhiteAmericans,too,challengingthosewhostillharbourracistsentiments."Thetraitsthatcharacterisehimareverycontradictorytotheracialstereotypesthatblackpeopleareaggressiveanduneducated,"saysAshbyPlantofFloridaStateUniversity."He'sveryintelligentandeloquent."

Stinginthetail

AshbyPlantisoneofanumberofpsychologistswhoseizedonObama'scandidacytotesthypothesesaboutthepowerofrolemodels.Theirworkisalreadystartingtorevealhowthe"Obamaeffect"ischangingpeople'sviewsandbehaviour.Perhapssurprisingly,itisnotallgoodnews:thereisastinginthetailoftheObamaeffect.

Butfirstthegoodnews.BarackObamareallyisapositiverolemodelforAfricanAmericans,andhewasmakinganimpactevenbeforehegottotheWhiteHouse.Indeed,theObamaeffectcanbesurprisinglyimmediateandpowerful,asRayFriedmanofVanderbiltUniversityandhiscolleaguesdiscovered.

TheytestedfourseparategroupsatfourkeystagesofObama'spresidentialcampaign.Eachgroupconsistedofaround120adultsofsimilarageandeducation,andthetestassessedtheirlanguageskills.Attwoofthesestages,whenObama'ssuccesswaslessthancertain,thetestsshowedacleardifferencebetweenthescoresofthewhiteandblackparticipants—anaverageof12.1outof20,comparedto8.8,forexample.WhentheObamafeverwasatitsheight,however,theblackparticipantsperformedmuchbetter.ThosewhohadwatchedObama'sacceptancespeechastheDemocrats'presidentialcandidateperformedjustaswell,onaverage,asthewhitesubjects.Afterhiselectionvictory,thiswastrueofalltheblackparticipants.

Dramaticshift

Whatcanexplainthisdramaticshift?Atthestartofthetest,theparticipantshadtodeclaretheirraceandweretoldtheirresultswouldbeusedtoassesstheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Thisshouldhaveprimedthesubjectswith"stereotypethreat"-ananxietythattheirresultswillconfirmnegativestereotypes,whichhasbeenshowntodamagetheperformanceofAfricanAmericans.

Obama'ssuccessesseemedtoactasashieldagainstthis."Wesuspecttheyfeltinspiredandenergisedbyhisvictory,sothestereotypethreatwouldn'tproveadistraction,"saysFriedman.

Lingeringracism

IftheObamaeffectispositiveforAfricanAmericans,howisitaffectingtheirwhitecompatriots（同胞）?Istheexperienceofhavingacharismatic（有魅力的）blackpresidentmodifyinglingeringracistattitudes?Thereisnoeasywaytomeasureracismdirectly;insteadpsychologistsassesswhatisknownas"implicitbias",usingacomputer-basedtestthatmeasureshowquicklypeopleassociatepositiveandnegativewords—suchas"love"or"evil"—withphotosofblackorwhitefaces.Asimilartestcanalsomeasurehowquicklysubjectsassociatestereotypicaltraits—suchasathleticskillsormentalability—withaparticulargroup.

InastudythatwillappearintheJournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,Plant'steamtested229studentsduringtheheightoftheObamafever.Theyfoundthatimplicitbiashasfallenbyasmuchas90%comparedwiththelevelfoundinasimilarstudyin2006."That'sanunusuallylargedrop,"Plantsays.

Whiletheteamcan'tbesuretheirresultsareduesolelytoObama,theyalsoshowedthatthosewiththelowestbiaswerelikelytosubconsciouslyassociateblackskincolourwithpoliticalwordssuchas"government"or"president".ThissuggeststhatObamawasstronglyontheirmind,saysPlant.

Dropinbias

BrianNosekoftheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville,whorunsawebsitethatmeasuresimplicitbiasusingsimilartest,hasalsoobservedasmalldropinbiasinthe700,000visitorstothesitesinceJanuary2007,whichmightbeexplainedbyObama'srisetopopularity.However,hispreliminaryresultssuggestthatchangewillbemuchslowercomingthanPlant'sresultssuggest.

Talkinghonestly

"PeoplenowhavetheopportunityofexpressingsupportforObamaeveryday,"saysDanielEffronatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia."OurresearcharousestheconcernthatpeoplemaynowbemorelikelytoraisenegativeviewsofAfricanAmericans."Ontheotherhand,hesays,itmayjustencouragepeopletotalkmorehonestlyabouttheirfeelingsregardingraceissues,whichmaynotbesuchabadthing.

Anotherpartofthestudysuggestsfarmoreisatstakethanthemereexpressionofviews.TheObamaeffectmayhaveanegativeside.JustoneweekafterObamawaselectedpresident,participantswerelessreadytosupportpoliciesdesignedtoaddressracialinequalitythantheyhadbeentwoweeksbeforetheelection.

Hugeobstacles

Itcould,ofcourse,alsobethatObama'ssuccesshelpspeopletoforgetthatadisproportionatenumberofblackAmericansstillliveinpovertyandfacehugeobstacleswhentryingtoovercomethesecircumstances."BarackObama'sfamilyissuchasalient（出色的）image,wegeneraliseitandfailtoseethelargerpicture—thatthere'sinjusticeineveryaspectofAmericanlife,"saysCherylKaiseroftheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.ThosetryingtoaddressissuesofracialinequalityneedtoconstantlyremindpeopleoftheinequalitiesthatstillexisttocounteracttheObama'seffect,shesays.

ThoughPlant'sfindingsweremorepositive,shetoowarnsagainstthinkingthatracismandracialinequalitiesarenolongeraproblem."ThelastthingIwantisforpeopletothinkeverything'ssolved."

ThesefindingsdonotonlyapplytoObama,orevenjusttorace.Theyshouldholdforanyrolemodelinanycountry."There'snoreasonwewouldn'thaveseenthesameeffectonourviewsofwomenifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected,"saysEffron.Sotheelectionofafemaleleadermighthaveadownsideforotherwomen.

Beyondrace

Wealsodon'tyetknowhowlongtheObamaeffect—bothitsgoodsideanditsbad—willlast.Politicalsentimentisnotoriouslychangeable:WhatifthingsbegintogowrongforObama,andhispopularityslumps?

AndwhatifAmericansbecomesofamiliarwithhavingObamaastheirpresidentthattheystopconsideringhisracealtogether?"Overtimehemightbecomehisownentity,"saysPlant.Thismightseemliketheultimatedefeatforracism,butignoringtheraceofcertainselectindividuals—aphenomenonthatpsychologistscallsubtyping—alsohasaninsidious（隱伏的）side."Wethinkithappenstohelppeoplepreservetheirbeliefs,sotheycanstillholdontothepreviousstereotypes."ThatcouldturnouttobethecruellestofallthetwiststotheObamaeffect.

1.HowdidErinWhitefeeluponseeingBarackObama'svictoryintheelection?

A.Excited.

B.Victorious.

C.Anxious.

D.Relieved.

2.Beforetheelection,ErinWhitehasbeenhauntedbythequestionofwhether.

A.shecouldobtainherMBAdegree

B.shecouldgoasfarasshewantedinlife

C.shewasovershadowedbyherwhitepeers

D.shewasreallyanachieverasastudent

3.WhatisthefocusofAshbyPlant'sstudy?

A.RacistsentimentsinAmerica.

B.Thepowerofrolemodels.

C.Personalitytraitsofsuccessfulblacks.

D.ThedualcharacterofAfricanAmericans.

4.Intheirexperiments,RayFriedmanandhiscolleaguesfoundthat.

A.blacksandwhitesbehaveddifferentlyduringtheelection

B.whites'attitudetowardsblackshasdramaticallychanged

C.Obama'selectionhaseliminatedtheprejudiceagainstblacks

D.Obama'ssuccessimpactedblacks'performanceinlanguagetests

5.WhatdoBrianNosek'spreliminaryresultssuggest?

A.Thechangeinbiasagainstblacksisslowincoming.

B.Biasagainstblackshasexperiencedanunusualdrop.

C.Websitevisitor'sopinionsarefarfrombeingreliable.

D.Obama'spopularitymaydeclineastimepassesby.

6.AnegativesideoftheObamaeffectisthat.

A.morepeoplehavestartedtocriticisePresidentObama'sracialpolicies

B.relationsbetweenwhitesandAfricanAmericansmaybecometenseagain

C.peoplearenowlessreadytosupportpoliciesaddressingracialinequality

D.whitepeoplearelikelytobecomemorecriticalofAfricanAmericans

7.CherylKaiserholdsthatpeopleshouldbeconstantlyremindedthat.

A.Obama'ssuccessissoundproofofblack'spotential

B.Obamaisbutarareexampleofblack'sexcellence

C.racialinequalitystillpersistsinAmericansociety

D.blacksstillfaceobstaclesinpoliticalparticipation

8.AccordingtoEffron,ifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected,therewouldalsohavebeenanegativeeffecton(

).

9.ItispossiblethattheObamaeffectwillbeshort-livedifthereisachangeinpeople's(

).

10.TheworstpossibleaspectoftheObamaeffectisthatpeoplecouldignorehisracealtogetherandcontinuetoholdontotheiroldracial(

).

【答案】1.D

2.B

3.B

4.D

5.A

6.C

7.C

8.ourviewsofwomen

9.politicalsentiment

10.stereotypes

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)ErinWhite聽到Obama成功贏得選舉的消息，她感覺到肩上的擔(dān)子減輕了。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

根據(jù)第二段ErinWhite說的話“Buttherehad...gosofar.”可知，她總是被一些問題所困擾，比如是否能成為自己想成為的人，在人生路上能走多遠(yuǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3根據(jù)第四段的第一句“AshbyPlantis...totesthypothesesaboutthepowerofrolemodels.”所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.

根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“Indeed,theObamaeffectcanbesurprisinglyimmediateandpowerful,asRayFriedmanofVanderbiltUniversityandhiscolleaguesdiscovered.”以及第四段提到的howthe"Obamaeffect"ischangingpeople'sviewsandbehaviour.可知，選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“preliminaryresults”定位到Dropinbias這一部分的內(nèi)容，本段最后一句“hispreliminaryresultssuggestthatchangewillbemuchslowercomingthanPlant'sresultssuggest.”所以選項(xiàng)A與原文相符。

6.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“negativeside”定位到Talkinghonestly這一部分的內(nèi)容“TheObamaeffect...beforetheelection.”，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

7.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“CherylKaiser”定位到Hugeobstacles這一部分的內(nèi)容，“wegeneraliseitandfailtoseethelargerpicture—thatthere'sinjusticeineveryaspectofAmericanlife.”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

8.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Effron”定位到“Hugeobstacles”這一部分第三段Effron說的內(nèi)容“There'snoreasonwewouldn'thaveseenthesameeffectonourviewsofwomenifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected”.。

9.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容“Politicalsentimentisnotoriouslychangeable:WhatifthingsbegintogowrongforObama,andhispopularityslumps.”。

10.

根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Wethinkithappenstohelppeoplepreservetheirbeliefs,sotheycanstillholdontothepreviousstereotypes.”。

12.單選題

WalterAnderson___theHoratioAlgerSocietythesameyearIdid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.joinstheranksof

B.jointherankof

C.joinedtherankof

D.joinedtheranksof

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.joinstheranksof成為……的一員B.jointherankof加入……的階層

C.joinedtherankof加入了……的階層D.joinedtheranksof成為了……的一員

【考察點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)人應(yīng)該是加入了某個(gè)團(tuán)體組織的成員。所以用ranksof，表示加入了……（團(tuán)體或組織的成員）。句中thesameyearIdid是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語，Idid做時(shí)間狀語中的定語，因此該句應(yīng)該為過去式。所以選D

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后進(jìn)行搭配。

【句意】沃爾特?安德森在我加入的同一年加入了霍雷肖?阿爾杰協(xié)會。

13.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceontheAnswerSheet.

Thisgreaterinterdependenceisnotlimitedtothefinancialsector.Thenewchallengesoftodayareglobalinnatureandtherefore,theydemandaglobalresponse.Thisappliestoissuessuchasclimatechange,eneigysecurity,terrorismprevention,traffickingandorganizedcrime.Wecannolongermeetthesechallengesbyclosingthedoorandsimplylookingafterourownhouse.Instead,wemustreachoutandseekcooperation,wherevercooperationismoreeffective.Theworldiscurrentlywitnessingthebroadestanddeepestwaveofglobalizationeverproducinggreatopportunitiesbutalsosomerisks.GlobalizationhashelpedhundredsofmillionsfrompovertyandprovidedbusinesseswiththepossibilitytoinvestandexpandabroaD.Butthosesamebusinessesknowthattheycannolongerliveonpastachievements.Whenwespeakofglobalization,itisimportanttounderstandthatopennessandinterdependencearetherulesofthegame.

Ourcooperationinthefightagainstclimatechangeisparticularlyimportant.Weallknowthatclimatechangeisreal,thatitiscausedbyhumanactivity,andthatitsconsequencesareuniversalandwillbefeltfirstandforemostbythepoorest.Itwillservelittlepurposeifothercountriesdonotjoinincommonaction.Yes,thereisacosttoreducingemissions,butthecostofglobalwarmingandnotjustinthelongtermisgoingtobefarhigher,includingforChina.

【答案】我們之間日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融領(lǐng)域。今天我們實(shí)際面臨的許多新挑戰(zhàn)都是全球性的，因此需要全球做出共同應(yīng)對。這其中包括了氣候變化、能源安全、制止恐怖主義、販賣毒品和有組織犯罪等。我們已經(jīng)不能以關(guān)起門來獨(dú)善其身的方式應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)。相反，我們必須伸出雙手尋求合作，因?yàn)楹献髂軌蚋行У亟鉀Q這些問題。世界正經(jīng)歷著一波最為廣泛和深刻的全球化浪潮，這為我們提供了巨大的機(jī)會，但同時(shí)也帶來了一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。全球化已幫助數(shù)以億計(jì)的人們擺脫了貧困，并且給企業(yè)提供了進(jìn)行海外投資和擴(kuò)張的機(jī)會。但那些企業(yè)也意識到不能夠滿足于自己過去取得的成就。提到全球化，我們必須清楚公開和相互依存是其游戲的規(guī)則。

我們在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面的合作尤其重要。我們現(xiàn)在都認(rèn)識到氣候的變化是實(shí)實(shí)在在的，這一變化由人類活動引發(fā)，其影響是全球性的并且將首先波及最貧困的人口。如果其他國家不參與共同行動，那么，我們的努力將不會產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。是的，我們將為減少溫室氣體排放付出代價(jià)，但我們可能在并不遙遠(yuǎn)的將來為全球變暖付出遠(yuǎn)高于此的代價(jià)，中國也不例外。

14.單選題

Ofalltheclassicalcomposers,Tchaikovskyhasbeenaveritablegold-mineasa（）sourceofthemesforpopulararrangements.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lucrative

B.ostensible

C.orthodox

D.tentative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lucrative“有利可圖的，賺錢的”；B選項(xiàng)ostensible“表面的，假裝的”；C選項(xiàng)orthodox“正統(tǒng)的；慣常的”；D選項(xiàng)tentative“不確定的，暫定的；猶豫的”。句意：在所有的古典作曲家中，柴可夫斯基是一個(gè)名副其實(shí)的金礦，他總是創(chuàng)造出大受市場歡迎的主題作品。由gold-mine可知lucrative與其意思對應(yīng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Therearethreeseparatesourcesofhazard（1）totheuseofnuclearreactiontosupplyuswithenergy.Firstly,theradioactivematerialmusttravelfromitsplaceofmanufacturetothepowerstation.（2）thepowerstationsthemselvesaresolidlybuilt,thecontainerusedfortransportofthematerialarenot.Unfortunately,thereare（3）onlytwomethodsoftransportavailable,（4）roadorrail,andbothofthese（5）closecontactwiththegeneralpublic,（6）theroutesare（7）topassnear,oreventhrough,（8）populatedareas.

Secondly,thereisaproblemofwasters.Allnuclearpowerstationsproducewasteswhich（9）willremainradioactiveforthousandsofyears.Itis（10

）tode-activethesewastes,andsotheymustbestored（11

）oneoftheingeniousbutcumbersomewaysthatscientistshaveinvented.Forexample,theymustbeburiedundertheground（12

）sunkinthesea.However,these（13

）donotsolvetheproblemcompletely,theymerelystoreit,sinceanearth-quakecould（14

）openthecontainerslikenuts.

Thirdly,thereistheproblemofaccidentalexposure（15

）toaleakoranexplosionatthepowerstation.（16

）withtheothertwohazards,thisisnotverylikelyanddoesnotprovideaserious（17

）tothenuclearprogram,（18

）itcanhappen,astheinhabitantsofHarrisburgwilltellyou.

Separately,andduringshortperiods,thesethreetypesofriskarenogreatcauseforconcern.（19

）,though,andespecially（20

）muchlongerperiods,theprobabilityofadisasterisextremelyhigh.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.related

B.connected

C.associated

D.affiliated

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hence

B.Although

C.Therefore

D.However

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.regularly

B.typically

C.normally

D.commonly

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.suchas

B.forexample

C.forinstance

D.namely

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.concern

B.involve

C.include

D.contain

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.although

C.while

D.so

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.bound

B.close

C.near

D.sure

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.much

B.heavily

C.closely

D.crowdedly

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.inmostcases

B.inthemostcases

C.inanycases

D.insuchcases

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.important

B.improbable

C.impossible

D.incredible

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.by

C.with

D.on

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.than

C.or

D.and

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.means

B.ways

C.measures

D.methods

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.crack

B.crash

C.clash

D.collide

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.attached

B.due

C.relevant

D.owing

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.contacted

B.compared

C.matched

D.contrasted

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.disapproval

B.disagreement

C.protest

D.objection

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.but

B.since

C.so

D.hence

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.Takingtogether

B.Takentogether

C.Havingtakentogether

D.Havingbeentakentogether

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.at

C.over

D.for

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:A

【解析】（1）這里表示與...相關(guān),用relatedto。connectedto指與...相連接；associated后面通常接介詞with；affiliatedto指使...隸屬于。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（2）根據(jù)原文,電站本身是堅(jiān)固的,用于運(yùn)輸材料的集裝箱卻不是。所以這里用Although表轉(zhuǎn)折。Hence和Therefore都表因此；However用在此處句意不通。

（3）根據(jù)原文,不幸的是,只有兩種運(yùn)輸方法。normally表通常地,一般地,通常強(qiáng)調(diào)其正常性；regularly定期地；typically典型地；commonly一般地,普通地,通常強(qiáng)調(diào)共性。所以,選項(xiàng)C更符合原文。

（4）namely也就是...,即是...；選項(xiàng)A,B,C都是比如,舉例的意思。根據(jù)上一句,只有兩種運(yùn)輸方法,也就是公路或鐵路運(yùn)輸。不存在舉例的情況,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（5）根據(jù)原文,這兩種運(yùn)輸方法都涉及與公眾的密切接觸。concern比較側(cè)重單純的關(guān)聯(lián)性,而involve指涉及到問題。所以選項(xiàng)B更符合原文語境。

（6）根據(jù)原文,后面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是對上一句的解析說明,所以用since表原因。

（7）boundto為習(xí)慣搭配,表示必然,一定會。句意：這些路線必然要經(jīng)過人口密集地區(qū)附近。

（8）Heavilypopulatedareas指人口密集地區(qū)。指人口密集用副詞heavily。

（9）inmostcases在大多數(shù)情況下,為固定搭配,沒有定冠詞the。inanycases無論如何；insuchcases在這種情況下。根據(jù)原文,所有的核電站都會產(chǎn)生廢物,在大多數(shù)情況下,這些廢物在數(shù)千年內(nèi)仍具有放射性。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（10）根據(jù)原文,要使這些廢物失去活性是不可能的。Improbable指不大可能的,未必確定的,不是完全沒有可能；impossible指完全沒有可能,更確切。根據(jù)下文可知,這些廢物只能儲存起來,所以用impossible更符合原文。incredible難以置信的,驚人的。

（11）通過什么樣的方法儲存起來用介詞by。原文指通過科學(xué)家們發(fā)明的一種巧妙但麻煩的方法儲存起來。

（12）根據(jù)原文,埋在地下或者沉入海底,表示并列的關(guān)系,用or。

（13）根據(jù)原文,然而,這些方法并不能完全解決問題,它們只是儲存。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有措施方法的意思,means強(qiáng)調(diào)的是處理問題的手段；way是通用詞,用在本文中意義太寬泛；measures強(qiáng)調(diào)的是對策,措施；method強(qiáng)調(diào)做某件事的具體步驟或程序。所以選項(xiàng)D更符合原文。

（14）考查近義詞辨析。crack破裂,爆裂；crash摔碎,墜落；clash碰撞；collide碰撞。根據(jù)原文,地震會像堅(jiān)果一樣把容器砸開。地震的沖擊力是很大的,應(yīng)該是猛烈的撞開,所以選項(xiàng)B更適合。

（15）dueto表原因,原文指核電站意外暴露是由于發(fā)生泄漏或爆炸事故。owingto指歸功于,不符合原文。

（16）根據(jù)原文,這里指與其他兩種危險(xiǎn)相比,這種是不太可能的。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（17）disapproval不贊成,不喜歡；disagreement不一致；protest抗議；objection異議,拒絕的理由。句意：也不會對核項(xiàng)目提出嚴(yán)重的反對意見。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（18）根據(jù)原文,正如哈里斯堡的居民會告訴你的那樣,這是可能發(fā)生的。上文提到說第三種危險(xiǎn)不太可能會發(fā)生,但不意味著沒有可能,所以用but表轉(zhuǎn)折。

（19）考查分詞。這里的主語不是sb.而是三種風(fēng)險(xiǎn),所以不用-ing形式,而用分詞表示被動,選項(xiàng)B正確,意為綜合考慮。

（20）Period通常與in搭配,表示在...時(shí)期或周期內(nèi)。

16.問答題

(A)Defineambitionandyouinstantly(B)revealagreatdealaboutyourself:Eventhatmostneutralofworks,Webster's,initsSeventhNewCollegiateEdition,(C)givesitselfoff,(D)definingambitionfirstandforemostas“anardentdesireforrank,fameandpower.”

【答案】C；改成givesitselfaway

17.單選題

Inapurelybiologicalsense,fea