考研考博-英語-宿州學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宿州學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thesoilispartoftheearth,（）theatmosphere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitis

B.thesameis

C.sois

D.andsois

【答案】D

【解析】asitis

實(shí)際上,

事實(shí)上,

既然如此；same常用搭配是thesameas；選項(xiàng)C缺少連詞，所以本題選項(xiàng)D。句意：土地是地球的一部分,

大氣也是。

2.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandputyouranswersonAnswerSheet.

皮影戲（ShadowPlay）是中國民間廣為流傳的傀儡戲之一，兩千年前的西漢時(shí)期誕生在中國陜西，清代在河北盛極一時(shí)。皮影戲的人物道具用獸皮或紙板剪成，演員在一塊隔亮布后操縱道具進(jìn)行表演。中國的不少地方戲曲劇種都是從皮影戲中派生而來。如今，中國皮影被世界各國的博物館收藏，還是中國政府與其他國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人相互往來時(shí)的饋贈(zèng)佳品。

【答案】AsoneoftheearliestoperaformsandasortofwidespreadpuppetplayinChina,ShadowpuppetrywasborninShaanxi,China,duringtheWesternHanDynasty2,000yearsago,andflourishedinHebeiduringtheQingDynasty.Itscharactersandpropsaremadeofanimalskinsorpaperboardsandthestorywasperformedbyilluminatingtheseimageswiththehelpoflamplight.Whileperforming,theperformersmanipulatethecharactersbehindthewhitecurtain.ManylocaloperasinChinaarederivedfromshadowplay.Nowadays,Chineseshadowpuppetsarecollectedinmuseumsaroundtheworld,andareoftenpresentedasgiftsbytheChinesegovernmenttoleadersofothercountrieswhentheyinteractwitheachother.

3.單選題

AccordingtotheGhanaNationalNarcoticControlfourthousandGhanaiansare（）illicitdrugswhileseveralothersarereportedtobeengagedinconstantdrugtraffickingannually.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposedto

B.attachedto

C.addictedto

D.opposedto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)exposedto表示“接觸，暴露于”；B選項(xiàng)attachedto表示“附屬于，愛慕”；C選項(xiàng)addictedto表示“上癮，沉迷于”；D選項(xiàng)opposedto表示“反對(duì)”。分析句意可知，根據(jù)加納國家麻醉品管制局（NACOB.的報(bào)告，幾乎有4000加納人（）毒品，而每年有數(shù)千人不斷從事販毒。因此只有C選項(xiàng)最符合原文句意，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Onceyougettoknowyourmistakes,youshould（

）themassoonaspossible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectify

B.reclaim

C.refrain

D.reckon

【答案】A

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。rectify“改正”；reclaim“取回，收回”；refrain“節(jié)制，克制，避免”；reckon“認(rèn)為，假定”。句意：你一旦知道你錯(cuò)在哪里，你就應(yīng)該盡快改正。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.翻譯題

Doyouseetheglassashalffullratherthanhalfempty?Doyoukeepyoureyeuponthedoughnut,notuponthehollow?Suddenlytheseclichésarescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinizethepowerofpositivethinking.

Afast-growingbodyofresearchisprovingthatoptimismcanhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful;pessimismleads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.“Ifyoucouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositively,”sayspsychologistCraig,“itwouldbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills.”

Yourabilitiescount,butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotyouwill.Inpart,that’sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamechallengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.

Take,forexample,yourjob.Inamajorstudy,psychologistSeligmanandhiscolleaguesurveyedsalesrepresentativesataLifeInsuranceCompany.Theyfoundthatthepositivethinkersamonglongtimerepresentativessold37percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegativethinkers.Ofnewlyhiredrepresentatives,optimistssold20percentmore.Howdidtheydoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist’ssuccessisinhis“explanatorystyle.”Whenthingsgowrong,thepessimisttendstoblamehimself,whiletheoptimistlooksforloopholes.Whenthingsgoright,theoptimisttakescreditwhilethepessimistseessuccessasafluke.

Negativeorpositive,itwasaself-fulfillingprophecy.“Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon’tbothertoacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed,”saysCraig.

Asenseofcontrolisthelitmustestforsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsincontrolofhisownlife.Thepessimistfeelslikefate’splaythingandmovesslowly.Hedoesn’tseeadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.Optimistsmaythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustifyandsometimesthat’swhatkeepsthemalive.Dr.SandraLeveyofPittsburgCancerInstitutestudiedwomenwithadvancedbreastcancer.Forthewomenwhoweregenerallyoptimistic,therewasalongerdisease-freeinterval,thebestpredictorofsurvival.Inapilotstudyofwomenintheearlystagesofbreastcancer,Dr.Leveyfoundthediseaserecurredsooneramongthepessimists.

【答案】【參考譯文】你看到的玻璃杯是半滿的還是半空的？你的眼睛是盯著炸面圈還是中間的那個(gè)洞？當(dāng)研究者們仔細(xì)觀察積極思維的力量時(shí)，這些陳詞濫調(diào)突然間都成了科學(xué)問題。

迅速增多的大量研究工作證明樂觀的態(tài)度可以使你更快樂、更健康、更成功。與此相反，悲觀則導(dǎo)致無望、疾病以及失敗，它與沮喪、孤獨(dú)、令人苦惱的靦腆密切相關(guān)。心理學(xué)家克雷格說：“如果你能夠教會(huì)人們更積極地思考，那就如同為他們注射了預(yù)防這些心理疾病的疫苗?！?/p>

你的能力固然重要，但你能成功的信念影響到你是否真能成功。在某種程度上，這是由于樂觀者和悲觀者以截然不同的方式對(duì)待同樣的挑戰(zhàn)和失望。

以你的工作為例。心理學(xué)家塞利格曼和他的同事對(duì)一家人壽保險(xiǎn)公司的推銷員進(jìn)行了廣泛調(diào)查。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在工齡較長的推銷員中，積極思考者比消極思考者要多推銷37%的保險(xiǎn)額。在新雇傭的推銷員中，樂觀主義者則多銷了20%。他們是如何做的呢？樂觀主義者成功的秘訣就在于他的“歸因方式”。出了問題之后，悲觀主義者傾向于自責(zé)，樂觀主義者則尋找漏洞。當(dāng)一切順利時(shí)，樂觀主義者看成是自己的功勞，而悲觀主義者只把成功視為僥幸。

無論是消極還是積極，都是一種本身會(huì)成為事實(shí)的預(yù)言。克雷格說：“如果人們感到?jīng)]有希望，他們就不會(huì)費(fèi)事去獲得成功所需的技能?！?/p>

控制感是成功的試金石。樂觀者能夠掌握自己的命運(yùn)。悲觀者則感到自己只能任由命運(yùn)擺布，行動(dòng)拖拉。既然認(rèn)為毫無辦法，他便不去尋求指點(diǎn)。樂觀主義者也許認(rèn)為自己比事實(shí)能夠證明的要強(qiáng)——有時(shí)正是這一點(diǎn)使他們充滿生機(jī)。匹茲堡腫瘤研究所的桑德拉?利維博士對(duì)患晚期乳腺癌的婦女進(jìn)行了研究。對(duì)那些通常持樂觀態(tài)度的婦女來說，兩次發(fā)病間隔的時(shí)間較長，而這是生存下去的最好預(yù)兆。在一次對(duì)早期乳腺癌婦女的小規(guī)模試驗(yàn)性研究中，利維博士發(fā)現(xiàn)這一疾病在悲觀主義者身上復(fù)發(fā)更早。

6.單選題

Theymightbewillingtomovefromcountrytocountry,untiltheyendupinabackwaternationwithnolawsorlawmakerstospeakof,andcanproceedwiththeirmiserably_______experiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.well-built

B.ill-conceived

C.well-groomed

D.ill-bred

【答案】B

【解析】well-built體格健美的,體型勻稱的;ill-conceived沒有想好的;計(jì)劃不周的;well-groomed被小心照料的，整潔的;ill-bred缺乏教養(yǎng)的;粗魯?shù)摹＞湟猓核麄兛赡茉敢鈴囊粋€(gè)國家遷移到另一個(gè)國家，直到他們最終生活在一個(gè)沒有法律或立法者的落后國家，這樣就能夠繼續(xù)進(jìn)行他們?cè)愀獾挠?jì)劃不周的實(shí)驗(yàn)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

7.單選題

People’sexpectationsaboutthefuturemayhavemoreinfluenceontheirsenseofwell-beingthantheir（）statedoes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.current

B.initial

C.modern

D.primitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。current“現(xiàn)在的，最近的”；initial“最初的”；modern“現(xiàn)代的”；primitive“原始的”。句意：人們對(duì)未來的期望，相比他們現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，可能對(duì)他們的幸福感產(chǎn)生更大的影響。由題干中的future以及than可推知此空應(yīng)填與future相對(duì)應(yīng)的表示時(shí)間狀態(tài)的詞，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Myeyeshadbecome（）tothenowsemi-darkness,soIcouldpickoutshapesaboutseventy-fiveyardsaway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inclined

B.accustomed

C.vulnerable

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inclined“有……傾向”；B選項(xiàng)accustomed“習(xí)慣的，通常的”；C選項(xiàng)vulnerable“脆弱的，易碎的”；D選項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的”。句意：我的眼睛已經(jīng)_____現(xiàn)在的半明半暗，所以我能辨認(rèn)出75碼外的形狀?？疾楣潭ù钆鋌eaccustomedto“習(xí)慣于”，這里表示的是習(xí)慣于這種半明半暗的狀況，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Howdotheprofessionaltimekeepersoftheworddetermine,totheprecisenanosecond,whenanewyearbegins?Theysimplyconsultanatomicclock.Andattheendoflastmonth,justintimetoringinthenewyear,theHewlett-Packardcompany,ofPaloAlto,California,unveiledthelatestinthesemeticuloustime-pieces.Fornearly30years,thefirmhasbeensupplyingmilitaryandscientificclientswithatomicclocks;themostadvancedmodelsneithergainnorlosemorethanasecondevery800,000years.Butthenewestversion,a$54,0000devicethesizeofadesktopcomputer,isaccuratetoonesecondin1.6millionyears—farlongerthanallofhumanhistorytodate.

Itisnaturaltowonderwhocouldpossiblyneedsuchprecision.Theanswer:practicallyeveryone,atleastindirectly.Telephoneandcomputernetworksrelyonatomicclockstosynchronizetheflowoftrillionsofbitsofinformationaroundthenationandtheworld,thusavoidingmammothelectroniclogjams.Televisionandradiostationsusetheclockstotimetheirbroadcasts.Satellite-basednavigationsystemsdependonthedevicestomeasurethearrivaltimeofradiosignalstowithinatinyfractionofsecond,allowinguserstogaugetheirlocationtowithinafewfeet.Thearmedforcesuseatomicclockstohelptrackthealmostimperceptiblemotionsofcontinentsacrossthesurfaceoftheearthandgalaxiesandstarsacrossthesky.EventhepeoplewhodroppedtheballinNewYorkCity’sTimesSquaretosignalthestartof1992reliedonatimekeepingsourcethatwaspeggedultimatelytoanatomicclock.

Theprinciplethatliesbehindallthisprecisioncomesoutofquantumphysics.Whenanatomisbombardedwithelectromagneticradiation—inthiscase,microwaves—itselectronsshiftintoanewenergystate.Eachtypeofatomrespondsmostreadilytoaparticularfrequencyofradiation.Forthecesium133atomsinmostatomicclocks,thefrequencyis9,192,613,770vibrationspersecond.Thatmeansthatwhenamicrowavebeaminsidetheclockissetexactlytothatfrequency,themaximumnumberofatomswillundergotheenergyshift.Thissignalstheclock’sinternalcomputerthatthedeviceiscorrectlytuned.Andinfact,itisthevibratingmicrowavesthatkeeptime;theatomsareusedjusttokeepthemontrack.

Theoretically,anatomicclockcouldkeepperfecttime,buttheactualperformancedependsonengineeringdetailsexactlyhowthemicrowaveshitthecesiumatoms,howsophisticatedtheelectronicsareandsoon.ItwasbyimprovingfactorslikethesethatHewett-Packardboosteditsclocks’performancefromincrediblygoodtoevenbetter.Thenextgenerationofclocksshoulddobettersill,butnooneissurewhenthatgenerationwillcomealong.Fornew,asecondeverymillionandahalfyearswillhavetodo.

31.Thenewestatomicclockisaccurateto______.

32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?

33.Atomicclockisveryaccuratebecause______.

34.Thenextgenerationofclockwillbemade______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.30years

B.nomorethanasecondevery800,000years

C.asecondin1.6millionyears

D.$54,000

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Televisionandradiostationsuseatomicclockstotimetheirbroadcasts.

B.Thearmedforcesuseatomicclockstotimesecretcallstosubmarinesaroundtheworld.

C.Scientistsuseatomicclockstogaugethelocationofcontinentsacrossthesurfaceoftheearth.

D.Telephoneandcomputernetworksrelyonatomicclockstosynchronizetheflowoflargeamountofinformationaroundthenationandtheworld.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.quantumphysicskeepsperfecttime

B.thecesium133atomskeepsperfecttime

C.electro-magneticradiationkeepstime

D.thevibratingmicrowaveskeeptime

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.inasecond

B.inamillionyears

C.inahalfyear

D.inthetimenooneissureof

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“最新的原子鐘精確到……”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Butthenewestversion,a$54,0000devicethesizeofadesktopcomputer,isaccuratetoonesecondin1.6millionyears（但是最新的版本，一臺(tái)價(jià)值540000美元的臺(tái)式電腦大小的設(shè)備，精確到160萬年中的一秒）可知，C項(xiàng)“160萬年一秒”正確，D項(xiàng)“54000美元”不符合題干。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Fornearly30years,thefirmhasbeensupplyingmilitaryandscientificclientswithatomicclocks;themostadvancedmodelsneithergainnorlosemorethanasecondevery800,000years.（近30年來，該公司一直為軍事和科研客戶提供原子鐘；最先進(jìn)的模型每80萬年增加或減少的時(shí)間都不超過一秒。）可知，A項(xiàng)“30年”錯(cuò)誤，B項(xiàng)“每80萬年不超過一秒”是最先進(jìn)的版本，并不是最新的。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“以下哪項(xiàng)沒有提到？”。由第二段第二句Telephoneandcomputernetworksrelyonatomicclockstosynchronizetheflowoftrillionsofbitsofinformationaroundthenationandtheworld,thusavoidingmammothelectroniclogjams.（電話和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)依靠原子鐘來同步全國和全世界數(shù)萬億比特信息的流動(dòng)，從而避免了巨大的電子堵塞。）可知，D項(xiàng)“電話和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)依靠原子鐘來同步全國和世界各地大量信息的流動(dòng)”符合原文。由第二段第三句Televisionandradiostationsusetheclockstotimetheirbroadcasts.（電視和廣播電臺(tái)用這些鐘來給他們的廣播計(jì)時(shí)。）可知，A項(xiàng)“電視和廣播電臺(tái)使用原子鐘來計(jì)時(shí)他們的廣播”有提到。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句和第三句Satellite-basednavigationsystemsdependonthedevicestomeasurethearrivaltimeofradiosignalstowithinatinyfractionofsecond,allowinguserstogaugetheirlocationtowithinafewfeet.Thearmedforcesuseatomicclockstohelptrackthealmostimperceptiblemotionsofcontinentsacrossthesurfaceoftheearthandgalaxiesandstarsacrossthesky.（基于衛(wèi)星的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)依靠這些設(shè)備來測量無線電信號(hào)的到達(dá)時(shí)間，誤差不超過幾分之一秒，這讓用戶可以在幾英尺內(nèi)測量自己的位置。軍隊(duì)使用原子鐘來追蹤地球表面上幾乎無法察覺的大陸運(yùn)動(dòng)，以及天空中星系和恒星的運(yùn)動(dòng)。）可知，使用原子鐘來追蹤大陸在地表上的位置在文中有提到，但是軍隊(duì)使用原子鐘來計(jì)時(shí)秘密呼叫在文中并沒有體現(xiàn)，所以B項(xiàng)“武裝部隊(duì)使用原子鐘來計(jì)時(shí)向世界各地的潛艇發(fā)出的秘密呼叫”錯(cuò)誤，C項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家使用原子鐘來測量大陸在地球表面的位置”正確。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

33.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“原子鐘非常準(zhǔn)確是因?yàn)椤薄８鶕?jù)文章第三段首句Theprinciplethatliesbehindallthisprecisioncomesoutofquantumphysics.（所有這些精確背后的原理來自量子物理學(xué)。）可知，原子鐘的精準(zhǔn)性是來源于量子物理學(xué)，A項(xiàng)“量子物理精確計(jì)時(shí)”正確。B項(xiàng)“133銫原子精確計(jì)時(shí)”、C項(xiàng)“電磁輻射計(jì)時(shí)”和D項(xiàng)“振動(dòng)的微波計(jì)時(shí)”都是原子鐘的原理，屬于量子物理。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下一代時(shí)鐘將在……時(shí)候制造出來”。文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句指出Thenextgenerationofclocksshoulddobettersill,butnooneissurewhenthatgenerationwillcomealong.（下一代鐘表應(yīng)該會(huì)做得更好，但沒人確定這一代何時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)。）可知，D項(xiàng)“沒人能確定”正確。A項(xiàng)“一秒鐘”、B項(xiàng)“一百萬年”和C項(xiàng)“半年”都不正確。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.

B.Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.

C.Conductingresearchonconsumerbehaviour.

D.Observingthechangesinmarketing.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisachiefconcernofparents.

B.Itisanactofsocialising.

C.Itisthecauseofmanystreetriots.

D.Itisgettingworseyearbyyear.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyresearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.

B.Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehaviour.

C.Theyconductedathoroughresearchonadvertising.

D.Theyanalysedtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

【解析】RecordingOne

[16]Wellmycurrentresearchisreallyaboutconsumerbehaviour.SorecentlyI’velookedatyoungpeople’sdrinking—andit’sobviouslyamajorconcerntoGovernmentatthemoment.I’vealsolookedathowolderpeoplearerepresentedinthemedia;again,it’sofmajorcurrentinterestwitholderpeoplebecomingamuchlargerproportionofUKandindeedworldsociety.I’malsointerestedinhowconsumersoperateonline,howthatonlinebehaviourmightbedifferentfromhowtheyoperateofflinewhentheygototheshops.Well,Ithinkthattheimportantthinghereistoactuallyunderstandwhat’shappeningfromtheconsumer’sperspective.OneofthethingsthatbusinessesandindeedGovernmentorganisationsoftenfailtodoistoreallyseewhatishappeningfromtheconsumer’sperspective.Forexample,inthecaseofyoungpeople’sdrinking,[17]oneofthethingsthatwe’veidentifiedisthatdrinkingforpeoplesaybetweentheagesof18and24isallaboutthesocialactivity.AlotoftheGovernmentadvertisinghasbeenaboutindividualresponsibilitybutactuallyunderstandingthatdrinkingisverymuchaboutthesocialactivityandfindingwaystohelpyoungpeoplegethomesafelyandnotendupinhospitalisoneofthethingsthatwe’vetriedtopresentthere.

Thekeythingaboutconsumerbehaviouristhatit’sverymuchabouthowconsumerschange.Marketsalwayschangefasterthanmarketing;sowehavetolookatwhatconsumersaredoing.CurrentlyIteachconsumerbehaviourtounder-graduatesintheirsecondyearandwelookatallkindsofthingsinconsumerbehaviourandparticularlyhowconsumersarepresentedinadvertising.Sotheygetinvolvedbylookingatadvertisingandreallycriticallyassessingtheconsumerbehaviouraspectsofitandgettinginvolvedsometimesdoingprimaryresearch.Forexample;[18]lastyearmystudentsspentaweeklookingattheirownpurchasingandanalyseditindetailfromshoppingtotherelationshipthattheyhavewiththeirretailbanksandtheirmobilephoneproviders.Ithinktheyfounditveryusefulanditalsohelpedthemidentifyjustwhatkindofbudgetstheyhadtoo.Thefactofthematteristhatthere’sawholerangeofinterestingresearchoutthereandIthinkastheyearsgoon,there’sgoingtobemuchmoreforustoconsiderandcertainlymuchmoreforstudentstobecomeinvolvedin.

16.Whatisthespeakercurrentlydoing?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問說話者目前在做什么？錄音一開始便提及，說話人正在開展主題為消費(fèi)者行為的研究。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)消費(fèi)者行為開展研究”與錄音表述符合，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“調(diào)查媒體對(duì)政府的影響”利用錄音中出現(xiàn)的個(gè)別字詞拼湊而成的，因此不正確；B選項(xiàng)“研究年輕人飲酒的危害”這只是作為一個(gè)例子說明說話人是如何對(duì)消費(fèi)者行為進(jìn)行研究的，并不是講話人正在研究的問題，因此不正確；D選項(xiàng)“觀察銷售行為的變化”，錄音中說話人只提到市場經(jīng)常比銷售行為變化得快，并不是說話人在觀察銷售行為的變化，因此也不正確。

17.Whathasthespeakerfoundaboutyoungpeopleddrinking?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于年輕人飲酒，說話者有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？錄音中，就年輕人飲酒的例子，講話人指出：對(duì)于年齡在18至24歲之間的人來說，喝酒都只是一種社交活動(dòng)。因此B選項(xiàng)“這是一種社交行為”正確。A選項(xiàng)“是父母最關(guān)心的問題”，錄音中表述的是年輕人飲酒的現(xiàn)象是政府主要關(guān)心的事情，而不是父母，因此不正確。C選項(xiàng)“是許多街頭騷亂的原因”和D選項(xiàng)“情況一年比一年糟糕”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此可排除。

18.Whatdoesthespeakersaythathisstudentsdidlastyear?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問說話者說他的學(xué)生去年做了什么？錄音中提及，說話人的學(xué)生有時(shí)會(huì)參與初步研究。接著舉出例子：去年他的學(xué)生花費(fèi)一周的時(shí)間觀察自身的購買行為，并對(duì)此進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析。B選項(xiàng)“他們花費(fèi)一周時(shí)間研究他們自己的購買行為”與原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們研究了手機(jī)對(duì)年輕人的影響”和C選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)廣告進(jìn)行了深入的研究”利用錄音中出現(xiàn)的個(gè)別字詞拼湊而成的，表述不準(zhǔn)確，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“他們分析了多年來的家庭預(yù)算”，錄音中說話人認(rèn)為他的學(xué)生進(jìn)行的研究可以幫助他們確定自己的預(yù)算，但沒有提及對(duì)自己的家庭預(yù)算進(jìn)行分析，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

11.單選題

Didhetellyouwhat______ifhehadchance?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.washegoingtodo

B.hewoulddo

C.hehaddone

D.hehadtodo

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他有沒有告訴你如果有機(jī)會(huì)他會(huì)怎么做？What到句尾是賓語從句，其中if引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。根據(jù)if引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句采用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，確定do的動(dòng)作有過去的含義；根據(jù)語境可知是在將來做do的動(dòng)作，確定do的動(dòng)作有將來的含義，所以用過去將來時(shí)，B選項(xiàng)hewoulddo符合題意。A選項(xiàng)washegoingtodo語序錯(cuò)誤，was應(yīng)該在he后面。C選項(xiàng)hehaddone和D選項(xiàng)hehadtodo時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Startingwiththe______thatthereislifeontheplanetMars,thescientistwentontodevelophisargument.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.premise

B.pretext

C.foundation

D.presentation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)premise“前提，假定”；B選項(xiàng)pretext“借口，托詞”；C選項(xiàng)foundation“地基，基礎(chǔ)”；D選項(xiàng)presentation“提交，展示”。根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句“火星上有生命”可知選A。句意：從火星上有生命這一前提出發(fā)，這位科學(xué)家繼續(xù)深入他的論點(diǎn)。

13.單選題

Shouldthiscrisiscontinue,thePalestinianheathsystemwillfurther（deteriorate）andserviceswillbedisrupted.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.improve

B.recover

C.worsen

D.decrease

【答案】C

【解析】考查同義動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)improve“提高，增進(jìn)”；B選項(xiàng)recover“修復(fù)，彌補(bǔ)”；C選項(xiàng)worsen“惡化，變得更快”；D選項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小，降低”。句意：如果這一危機(jī)繼續(xù)下去，巴勒斯坦保健系統(tǒng)將進(jìn)一步惡化，服務(wù)將受到破壞。Deteriorate“惡化，變壞”，由此可知C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Thedoctorhasdifficulty______thisinfection.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fortreading

B.totreat

C.intreating

D.beingtreating

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：醫(yī)生在治療這個(gè)感染病上遇到困難。做某事遇到困難用sb.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.，所以C選項(xiàng)intreating符合題意，故正確。其余選項(xiàng)語法錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

HealthyFood

Anactivelifestyleandahealthy,fish-richdietarenotonlygoodforyourheart,theymayalsohelptacklethememorylossassociatedwitholdage,twoleadingneuroscientistssaidonWednesday.

Aspeoplelivelonger,findingwaysofhaltingthedeclineinmentalagilityisbecomingincreasinglyimportant,saidProfessorIanRobertson,directoroftheInstituteofNeuroscienceatTrinityCollegeDublin.

“Thebiggestthreattobeingabletofunctionwellandproperlyisourbrains,”hetoldjournalists.

“Thereisverystrongevidence,particularlyintheover-50s,thatthedegreetowhichyoumaintainyourmentalfacultiesdependsonahandfulofquitesimpleenvironmentalfactors,”hesaid.

Thosewhoremainedphysicallyfit,avoidedhighstresslevelsandenjoyedarichandvariedsociallifearebetterequippedtostayalertastheyage.Mentalstimulation,learningnewthingsandsimplythinkingyoungalsohelp.

【答案】健康的食物

美國兩位著名的神經(jīng)科學(xué)家于本周三稱，積極的生活方式，健康的、富含魚類的飲食不僅對(duì)心臟有好處，還有助于解決因年老而導(dǎo)致的記憶喪失問題。

都柏林三一學(xué)院神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究所主任伊恩?羅伯遜教授說，隨著人類的壽命越來越長，尋找能夠阻止人類思維敏捷度下降的方法正變得越來越重要。

他告訴記者：“對(duì)身體機(jī)能正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的最大威脅是我們的大腦?！?/p>

他說：“有強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)表明，一個(gè)人能否保持良好的智力水平取決于一些非常簡單的環(huán)境因素，對(duì)那些50歲以上的人來說尤其如此。”

那些身體健康、能避免高壓力、享受豐富多彩的社交生活的人，在他們上了年紀(jì)后，頭腦會(huì)更清醒。精神刺激、學(xué)習(xí)新事物和保持年輕的心態(tài)也有幫助。

16.單選題

Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudged（）howgreattheirachievementsare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspiteof

B.inwaysof

C.infavorof

D.intermsof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inspiteof盡管；infavorof有利于，支持；intermsof依據(jù)，按照，在…方面。許多科學(xué)家和工程師從他們所取得的成就來被評(píng)價(jià)，只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Wehavehasamarvelousholiday.Onlythelasttwodayswereslightly（）byweather.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)damage“損害”；B選項(xiàng)enhance“提高、增強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)spoil“破壞、掠奪”；D選項(xiàng)diminish“減少、縮小”，句意為：我們度過了一個(gè)美好的假期。只有最后兩天因?yàn)樘鞖庥悬c(diǎn)掃興。C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.單選題

Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms（

）backbeforethedeadline.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustbesent

B.wouldbesent

C.besent

D.weresent

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由itisvital(necessary,important等)+that引導(dǎo)的主語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣的形式，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

19.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

我確信，在這個(gè)世界上有許多令人驚喜的事情，有某種比驚喜深刻得多的東西，某種持久而有意義的東西。那些生活在地球上美和神奇的東西之間的人們，不管他是作為科學(xué)家的成人還是非科學(xué)家的孩子，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)孤單或?qū)ι罡械絽捑?；無論他們的個(gè)人生活有什么問題和憂慮，他們的思想都能找到通往內(nèi)心的滿足和對(duì)生活重燃激情的途徑。那些凝視地球之美的人能找到它們終身受用的力量儲(chǔ)備。他們看到在鳥類的遷徙中，在潮水的漲落之中，既有著具體的驚奇，更有著深遂的美。在大自然的反反復(fù)復(fù)循壞中，有一種具備無限治愈力的東西，黑暗過去是黎明，冬天過后是春天這一永恒的保障。

【答案】Iamsurethattherearemanysurprisesinthisworld,somethingmuchdeeperthansurprise,somethinglastingandmeaningful.Thosewholivebetweenthebeautyandthewonderoftheearth,whetherasascientistorasachildofanon-scientist,areneveraloneorboredwithlife;Nomatterwhatproblemsorconcernstheyhaveintheirpersonallives,theirthoughtsfindtheirwaytoinnersatisfactionandrenewedpassionforlife.Thosewhogazeatthebeautyoftheearthfindreservesofpowerthatwilllastthemalifetime.Theysawinthemigrationofbirds,intheebbandflowofthetides,aconcretewonderandaprofoundbeauty.Inthecycleofnature,thereissomethinginfinitelyhealing.Darknessisthedawnofthepast,andwinteristheeternalguaranteeofspring.

20.單選題

Thisnationhasbecomethefastest-growinggrainimportmarket,whichisdrivenbothbyrapidpopulationgrowthandbyrisingaffluence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.friction

B.bankruptcy

C.poverty

D.riches

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.friction摩擦；爭執(zhí)B.bankruptcy破產(chǎn)

C.poverty貧困D.riches財(cái)富

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文，糧食進(jìn)口增加，說明花了更多的錢進(jìn)口糧食，其原因是人口增加以及錢增加，只有D選項(xiàng)riches“財(cái)富”符合語境，原詞affluence“富?！?。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均與有更多的錢無關(guān)。

【句意】這個(gè)國家已經(jīng)成為增長最快的糧食進(jìn)口市場，這是由人口快速增長和日益富裕所驅(qū)動(dòng)的。

21.單選題

BBC’sCasualtyprogrammeonSaturdayeveninggaveviewersavoteastowhichoftwopatientsshouldbenefitfromadonation.Butitfailedtotellusthatwewouldnotneedtomakesomanylife-and-deathdecisionsifwegottogripwiththechronicorganshortage.

Beingpussyfootingaroundinitsapproachtodeadbodies,theGovernmentisgivingakickingtosomeofthemostvulnerableinoursociety.Onedepressingconsequenceofthisisthatasignificantnumberofthoseonthewaitinglisttakeofftoforeigncountriestopurchaseanorganfromalivingthird-worlddonor,somethingthatisforbiddenintheUnitedKingdom.Thepoorhavenooptionbuttowaitinvain.

TheHumanTissueAuthority’spositionontheretentionofbodypartsformedicalresearchafterapost-mortemexaminationisequallyflawed.Thenewconsentformscouldhavebeendraftedbysomeevilpersonseekingtostopthepreciousflowofhumantissueintothepathologicallaboratory.Theformsaresolengthythatdoctorsrarelyhavetimetocompletethemand,eveniftheytry,thewordingissographicthatrelativestendtolegitbeforesigning.Inconsequence,thenumberofpostmortemshasfallenquickly.

ThewiderworryisthatthemoralshortsightednessevidentintheHumanTissueActseemstoin-fecteveryfacetofthecontemporarydebateonmedicalethics.Takethetimidapproachtoembryonicstemcellresearch.TheUnitedStates,forexample,refusesgovernmentfundingtoscientistswhowishtocarryoutpotentiallyground-breakingresearchonthesurplusembryoscreatedbyIVFtreatment.

Senatorsprofesstobeworriedthatembryonicresearchfailstorespectthedignityof“potentialpersonsn.Rarelycansuchavacuousconcepthavefounditswayintoadebateclaimingtoprovideen-lightenment.Whenisthis“potential”supposedtokickin?Incaseyouwerewondering,thesesup-posedlypreciousembryosareatthesamestageofdevelopmentasthosethatareroutinelyterminatedbythepillwithoutanyonecrying.Thankfully,theBritishGovernmenthasrefusedthepositionofthe

UnitedStatesandoperatesoneofthemostliberalregimesinEurope,inwhichlicenceshavebeena-wardedtoresearcherstocreateembryosformedicalresearch.Itispossiblethat,inyearstocome,scientistswillbeabletogroworgansinthelabandfindcuresforarangeofdebilitatingdiseases.

Thefundamentalproblemwithourapproachtoethicsisourinabilitytoseparateemotionfrompolicy.Theonlyfactorthatshouldenterourmoralandlegaldeliberationsisthatofwelfare,aconceptthatismeaninglesswhenappliedtoentitiesthatlackself-consciousness.Neverforgetthattheresearchthatwearesoreluctanttoconductuponembryosanddeadbodiesisroutinelycarriedoutonliving,pain-sensitiveanimals.

1.Whathascausedthechronicorganshortage?

2.Theexpression“pussyfootingaround”(Line1，Paragraph2)mightmean（）.

3.Themoralshortsightednessisrevealedinthefactthat（）

4.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthormostlikelytoagree?

5.Theauthorismostcriticalof（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Adecreaseindonationrates.

B.Inefficientgovernmentalpolicy.

C.Illegaltradeinhumanorgans.

D.Newsmedia’sindifference.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.unfair

B.hesitant

C.secret

D.strict

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thegovernmenthasstoppedtheexperimentonhumantissue

B.thedonationconsentformsaredifficulttounderstand

C.theHumanTissueActisallobstacletoimportantmedicalresearch

D.embryonicresearchshowsdisregardforhumanlife

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therichandthepoorareequalinthefaceofdeath.

B.Morescientistsareneededforthemedicaladvancement.

C.Thereisadoublestandardinmedicalethics.

D.Thedeaddeservethesameattentionastheliving.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.themedia

B.doctors

C.U.S.Legislators

D.theBritishgovernment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出：Beingpussyfootingaroundinitsapproachtodeadbodies,theGovernmentisgivingakickingtosomeofthemostvulnerableinoursociety。因此政府行為加劇了可移植器官的短缺。B項(xiàng)（政府政策的不作為）正確。

2.語義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段第一行，該處講到“政府對(duì)待尸體問題……，給我們社會(huì)中最弱勢(shì)的群體一個(gè)打擊（givingakickingto）”，后面句子又講到“它造成的一個(gè)令人沮喪（depressing）的后果是等待名單上很大一部分人飛到國外從第三世界捐贈(zèng)者那里購買活體器官，而這在英國是被禁止的”。由此可知，“pussyfootingaround”在這里應(yīng)該表示的是“謹(jǐn)慎的，顧慮重重的”。因此，B項(xiàng)“hesitant（猶豫的；躊躇的）”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“moralshortsightedness”定位至第四段：ThewiderworryisthatthemoralshortsightednessevidentintheHumanTissueActseemstoinfecteveryfacetofthecontemporarydebateonmedicalethics（更令人擔(dān)憂的是，《人體組織法案》中明顯的道德短視似乎影響了當(dāng)代醫(yī)學(xué)倫理學(xué)辯論的各個(gè)方面）。因此，C項(xiàng)（《人體組織法案》是重要醫(yī)學(xué)研究的障礙）正確。

4.態(tài)度題。A項(xiàng)（死亡面前人人平等），B項(xiàng)（更多的科學(xué)家需要醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步），C項(xiàng)（醫(yī)學(xué)倫理學(xué)有雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)），D項(xiàng)（死者應(yīng)該與生者獲得同等關(guān)注）。第一段反駁了A項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)偷換概念，排除；D項(xiàng)文章沒有體現(xiàn)。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.態(tài)度題。作者是對(duì)政府政策持批判態(tài)度的。因此，C項(xiàng)（美國立法者）正確。

22.單選題

Mrs.Greenhasbeenlivingintownonlyoneyear,yetsheseemstobe（）witheveryonewhocomestothestore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accepted

B.admitted

C.admired

D.acquainted

【答案】D

【解析】acquaint使認(rèn)識(shí),

使了解；accept接受；admit招收,

承認(rèn)；admire

欽佩,

贊美,

羨慕。beacquaintedwithsb.為固定搭配，意為與...相識(shí)。句意：格林夫人在城里只住了一年，但她似乎認(rèn)識(shí)來商店的每一個(gè)人。

23.單選題

Iffacedandaccepted,failurecontributespersonalgrowthandoftenleadstoimprovedpersonalrelationships.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facedandaccepted

B.contributes

C.leadsto

D.improved

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞用法。to是不定式，后面的動(dòng)詞一般都要跟動(dòng)詞原形，而句子中的improved是過去分詞形式，并且leadtodosth.是固定用法。句意：如果面對(duì)并接受失敗，失敗有助于個(gè)人成長，并常常導(dǎo)致改善人際關(guān)系。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

24.單選題

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou’llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen—theUniversityofPennsylvania’sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsne