考研考博-英語-南華大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南華大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Wemustimprovethefarmingmethod______wemaygethighyields.

問題1選項

A.therefore

B.as.

C.inorderthat

D.if

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項therefore“所以”，副詞，修飾動詞，后面不接句子；B選項as“因為”，連詞，后面加句子；C選項inorderthat“為了；以便”，后面加從句；D選項if“如果”，連詞，后面加句子。句意：______獲得高產量，我們必須改進耕作方法。根據語境，這里提高產量是目的，C選項inorderthat“為了；以便”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassivemiscalculation.ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhiteHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfuriousoverthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked‘thecourage”toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations,thegesturewaswidelyportrayedasaflip-flop.

Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration’sgoalofa“bullet-proofagreement”thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.

THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasury,SecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Spelling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,“we’renotthereyet，’’accordingtoseniorofficials.

NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott(R-Miss)declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorJesseA.Helms(R-NC)andErnestF.Hollings(D-S.C)promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.

Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:GetmoreprotectionfortheUS.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministrationtried,butfailed,tobudgeZhuontextiles.Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,andDetroit.ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing.

BIGJOB.Already,businesslobbyistsareblanketingCapitolHilltopresaleanyeventualagreement,butwhatthey'veheardsofarisn'tencouragingRepublicans,includingLott,saythat"thetimejustisn’tright”forthedeal.Translation:We'redeterminedtomakeitlookasifClintonhascapitulatedtotheChineseandisignoringhuman,religious,andlaborrightsviolations;thetheftofnuclear-weaponstechnology;andthesaleofmissilepartstoAmerica'senemies.Beijing'sfiercecriticswithintheDemocraticParty,suchasSenatorPaulD.WellstoneofMinnesotaandHouseMinorityleaderRichardA.GephardtofMissouri,won'thelp,either.

JusthowtoughthelobbyingjobonCapitolHillwillbebecomeclearonApr.20,whenRubinlectured19chiefexecutivesontheneedtodisciplinetheirRepublicanallies.WithbusinessandtheWhiteHousestilltradingchargesoverwhoisresponsibleforthedefeatoffast-tracktradenegotiatinglegislationin1997,workingtogetherwon'tbeeasy.AndRepublicans-withawink-saythatthey'lleventuallyembraceChina'sentryintotheWTOasafavortoCorporateAmenity.ThoughnotlongbeforetheytortureClinton.ButZhuisoutonalimb,andifCongressoverdoesthecriticism,hemaybeforcedbydomesticcriticstorenege.BusinessmustmakethismuchdeartobothitsGOPalliesandtheWhiteHouse:Thishistoricdealistooimportanttorisklosingtoanymorepartisansquabbling.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

3.Whatdoesthesentence"Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,Detroit"convey?

4.WhoplaystheleadingpartinthedealinAmerica?

5.WhatwastheattitudeoftheRepublicanPartytowardChina'sentryintotheWTO?

A.ContradictoryB.AppreciativeC.Disapproving.D.Detestful.

問題1選項

A.TheContradictionbetweentheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty

B.OnChina’sentryintoWTO

C.Clintonwasright

D.BusinessLobbyistsControlCapitolHill

問題2選項

A.Americawillmakeconcessions

B.AmericawillholdoutforabetterWTO

C.ClintonhastherighttosignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentry

D.DemocraticpartyapproveChina’sentryintotheWTO

問題3選項

A.PremierZhurejectedtheirrequirements.

B.Thethreeplacesoverdidcriticism.

C.Theywantedmoreprotection.

D.Theyareintrouble.

問題4選項

A.WhiteHouse

B.Republicans

C.TheDemocraticParty

D.Businessmen.

問題5選項

A.Contradictory

B.Appreciative

C.Disapproving.

D.Detestful.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章的主旨句為:ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal(克林頓故意拖延以謀取更多的利益的決定是正確的)。

2.推斷題。題干問的是從文章中推斷出什么。選項C:克林頓有簽署批準中國入世之權。D：民主黨贊成中國加入世貿，這兩項都是事實,因此排除。選項B:美國會故意拖延以求取得更好的條件。根據文章推斷這可能性小。推斷選項A(美國將會作出讓步)正確。

3.推斷題。根據題干定位至第五段，題干句子后一句:ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing(朱镕基拒絕開放利潤豐厚的中國證券市場，堅持對美國電影和音樂實行“文化”限制。他還阻止了美國汽車制造商提供車隊融資)。因此A項(朱總理拒絕了他們的要求)正確。

4.細節(jié)題。通過文章內容推斷商界在美國的交易中起主導作用。

5.態(tài)度方向。共和黨一開始是反對的。第六段說時間不對。最后一段共和黨一下子有所改變，他們最終將會接受中國加入世貿組織以表示對整體美國的好感。不管是商人院外活動集團的作用，還是明確指出重開談判的重要性。這一歷史事件太重要絕不能因黨爭而失去機會。共和黨縱然心中不愿，也不得不接受現實。心情是矛盾的。由此得出選擇A:矛盾。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

有些人把讀書當作疲勞工作中的一種休息，并不是讀一本書就預先想定讀它要派何種用場，即“不為什么而讀”。但日積月累，確實可以長知識、廣見聞、有效益。

經過長期積累目前中國己成為全球第二大經濟體和全球第一貿易大囯、全球第一外匯儲備國，具備了對外輸出資本的實力。

【答案】Somepeopleregardreadingasakindofrestduringtiringwork，andtheyhavenoideaofpracticaluseforthebookstheyaretoread,i.e.they“readfornopurpose”atall.Butgraduallyonecanbenefitfromreading,expandingtheirknowledge.

Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomy,thefirsttradingpoweraswellasthe

firstforeignexchangereservesintheworldandhadthestrengthofoutputtingcapitalexternalafteralongterm’saccumulation.

4.單選題

1.

問題1選項

A.About12pints.

B.About3pints.

C.About4pints.

D.About7pints.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.

M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.

Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?

【解析】細節(jié)題。男士說：Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening（我上周一共去酒吧4次，每晚喝3品脫啤酒），因此男士上周共喝了12品脫啤酒。

5.單選題

Lightingcanbeusednotonlytocreateanatmosphere,butalsoto（

）featuresofthehouse,suchasornamentsorpictures.

問題1選項

A.highlight

B.underline

C.activate

D.upgrade

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。highlight“突出，強調”；underline“強調，在…下面劃線”；activate“刺激，使活動”；upgrade“使升級，提升”。句意：燈光的使用不僅能營造一種氛圍，還能突顯出房屋的風格，如裝飾或圖畫。A項符合句意，答案A

6.單選題

Anewservice___totheneedsofdisabledpeoplewhowanttogoonlivingintheirownhomes.

問題1選項

A.comes

B.dedicates

C.caters

D.contributes

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項comes“來；開始；出現；發(fā)生；變成；到達；做；假裝；將滿（……歲）”；B選項dedicates“致力；獻身；題獻”；C選項caters“投合，迎合；滿足需要；提供飲食及服務”；D選項contributes“貢獻，出力；投稿；捐獻；有助于，促成，是……的原因之一；發(fā)表意見，提議”。句意：一項新的服務滿足了希望繼續(xù)住在自己家里的殘疾人的需要。根據下文“殘疾人的需要”可知本句表達“滿足了……需要”，因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

Thelawyerpromisedtogotogreattodefendhim.

問題1選項

A.lengths

B.measures

C.efforts

D.endeavors

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語搭配。A選項lengthsn.長度（指距離，時間）；B選項measuresn.方法，對策；C選項effortsn.努力；D選項endeavorn.努力，盡力。gotogreatlengths表示“竭盡全力；不遺余力”，因此，正確答案是A項。句意：律師向他保證會竭盡全力為他辯護。

8.單選題

Theenergeticultravioletradiationis______tolifesinceittendstobreakupthecomplicatedmoleculesonwhichlifedepends.

問題1選項

A.indissoluble

B.indolent

C.indiscreet

D.inimical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項indissoluble“不能分解的，不能溶解的”，B項indolent“懶惰的，無痛的”，C項indiscreet“輕率的，不慎重的”，D項inimical“敵意的，有害的”。由原因狀語sinceittendstobreakupthecomplicatedmoleculesonwhichlifedepends“因為它傾向于分解生命所依賴的復雜分子”可知，“有害的”符合語境。句意：高能的紫外線輻射對生命是有害的，因為它往往會破壞生命所依賴的復雜分子。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

9.單選題

Manyartistsbelievethatsuccessfulimitation,farfrombeingsymptomaticofalackof（

）,isthefirststepinlearningtobecreative.

問題1選項

A.elegance

B.resolution

C.sympathy

D.originality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項elegance“典雅；高雅”；B選項resolution“分辨率；解決；決心”；C選項sympathy“同情；贊同”；D選項originality“創(chuàng)意；獨創(chuàng)性；原始”。句意：許多藝術家認為，成功的模仿遠不是缺乏······的表現，而是學會創(chuàng)造的第一步。句中出現的“模仿”、“學會創(chuàng)造”表明，此處應表示“模仿成功不是缺乏創(chuàng)造力的表現”。D選項正確。

10.翻譯題

這部長達103分鐘的紀錄片《穹頂之下》于2月28日登上中國各大視頻網站，它是由前央視記者柴靜自費拍攝制作。影片一經發(fā)布就迅速引起公眾對于空氣污染的關注，也鼓勵了人們要有所行動。新任環(huán)保部長陳吉寧表示，他已經聯系了柴靜并表達了感謝。在3月1日的新聞發(fā)布會上，他表示，保護環(huán)境從來不是環(huán)保部門的“個人行為”，歡迎人人貢獻出自己的一份力。與此同時，一些專家也提醒觀眾，在被視頻感動的同時，也要注意到片子也有其不足之處。

【答案】UndertheDome,a103-minutedocumentaryself-fundedbyformernewsanchorChaiJing,wasreleasedonvideo-sharingwebsitesinChinaonFeb28.Ithasrapidlypushedthepublicawarenessaboutairpollutionandencouragedpeopletojoinineffortstomakeadifference.ChenJining,newlyappointedministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidhehadcontactedChaitoexpresshisappreciation.“Protectingtheenvironmentisnevera‘personalaffair’ofenvironmentalauthorities.Wewelcomeeverybody’scontribution,”ChentoldthepressonMarch1st.Meanwhile,expertsremindmovedviewersofthefilm’slimitations.

11.翻譯題

美國人崇尚公平，即平等待人，不偏不倚。他們相信機會均等，法律面前人人平等，也就是說，不管社會地位和經濟狀況如何，人人都能得到公正。然而，盡管多數美國人聲稱，他們信奉寬大為懷以及民主的理想，婦女和少數民族的維權行動仍然面臨巨大的障礙，雖然在過去的五十年里取得了一些進步。

【答案】答：

TheAmericansadmirefair,thatis,equalityandimpartiality.Theybelievedinequalopportunityandequalitybeforethelaw.Thatmeans,regardlessofsocialstatusoreconomicconditions,everyoneshallbefairlytreated.YetdespitetheidealsofleniencyanddemocracythatmostAmericansprofesstoembrace,thewomenandminoritiesstillfacehugeobstaclesintheiractivitiesforprotectingtheirrights.Butsomeprogresshasbeenmadeinthepast50years.

12.單選題

Peopleunderstresshaveperformed（

）featsofstrengthlikeliftinganautomobileoffanaccidentvictim.

問題1選項

A.specific

B.extraordinary

C.abrupt

D.abnormal

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。extraordinary“不平常的；非凡的”;specific“特有的，特種的”；abrupt“突然的，意外的”；abnormal“不正常的，反常的”。句意：人們在有壓力的情況下表現出非凡的力量，比如把一輛汽車從交通事故的受害者身上搬開。選項B符合題意。

13.單選題

）?

問題1選項

A.didn'tit

B.doesn'tthere

C.usedn'tit?

D.didn'tthere

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在這個停車場附近曾經有一個加油站，不是嗎?

語法題?？疾榉戳x疑問。thereusedtobe句式的反義錠問句一般為“didn’tthere或usedn’tthere”。

14.單選題

Catherine

won'tmindifyou（）her

workload—sheneedstheextramoney.

問題1選項

A.amountto

B.addto

C.putup

D.goon

【答案】B

【解析】amountto指等于,意味著；addto指增大；putup指呈現；goon指繼續(xù)。句意：Catherine不會介意你加大她的工作量,她急需用錢。選項B符合句意。

15.單選題

Usingmanysymbolsmakes______toputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.

問題1選項

A.possible

B.itispossible

C.itpossible

D.thatpossible

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：使用多種多樣的符號可以在一張地圖里放進大量的信息。根據固定搭配makesth.+adj.(forsb.)todosth.“做某事（對某人來說）是怎么樣的”，結合選項可知這里it是形式賓語，所以C選項itpossible符合題意。因此C選項正確。

16.翻譯題

人類建立秩序是出于必須和渴望戰(zhàn)勝環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)，這樣一種有秩序的狀態(tài)就稱作“國家”，而“法律”就是維持國家存在的規(guī)則，時間伴隨著這些由法律和秩序建立起來的安寧和平靜，在時間的流逝中，經過了數世紀的進化，人類終于進入了探索他自己所在的星系的時刻，只有人類在所有的生物中的進化能被視為進步。當社會發(fā)生變革時，每個人在其所生活的大群體中的價值和權力都會增加，個人價值在人類群體從部落漸漸變成文明社會時并未減少，它反而成了統(tǒng)治所有人的法令的指導。

【答案】Orderwascausedbytheneedanddesiretosurvivethechallengeoftheenvironment.Thisorderlyconditioncalledthe"state",andtherolesthatmaintainedit,file"law".Withtimethepartnertothistranquility,manmarchedacrossthecenturiesofhisevolutiontothebrinkofexploringtheboundariesofhisowngalaxy.Ofalllivingorganisms,onlymanhasthecapacitytointerprethisownevolutionasprogress.Associallifechanged,theworthandrightsofeachmemberinthelargergroup,ofwhichhewasapart,increased.Asthegroupsgrewfromclanstocivilizations,thevalueoftheindividualdidnotdiminish,butbecameinsteadaguidetotherulesthatgovernallmen.

17.單選題

Butlikemany,TurnerisgrowingalittletiredasFlorida'sbusyhurricaneseasoncontinuesto_______nervesandextendhardships.

問題1選項

A.sprain

B.fray

C.distort

D.scuffle

【答案】B

【解析】sprain扭傷；fray（使關系、神經等）緊張；distort扭曲，曲解；scuffle混戰(zhàn)。句意：和許多人一樣，特納也越來越累了，因為佛羅里達多颶風的季節(jié)不斷地使人們神經緊張，造成更多的苦難。選項B符合句意。

18.單選題

Sonyissaid________toApplerightnowaboutsupplyingmultiple-sensorcamerasfornewiPhones.

問題1選項

A.havetalked

B.havingbeentalking

C.totalk

D.tobetalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：據說索尼正在和蘋果公司商談向新的蘋果設備提供復式傳感器相機。besaid的固定搭配是后面接不定式，所以排除A，B選項；從關鍵詞rightnow可知談話正在進行，或者即將發(fā)生，所以需要用不定式的進行式，所以答案選D。

19.翻譯題

Afurthercomplication(并發(fā)癥)isthetendencyofthepilot’sbloodtoleavehisheadbecauseofinertia(慣性),leavinghimimpairedvisionandperhapsunconscious.

【答案】

更嚴重的并發(fā)癥可能是飛行員由于慣性而頭部缺血，這使他視力受損，甚至失去知覺。

20.單選題

Koizumi'sannualvisitstothenotoriousshrinehavesparkeda_______ofcondemnationandprotestsfromChinaandtheROKbecausetheshrinehonours14Class-Awarcriminals.

問題1選項

A.splash

B.flurry

C.particle

D.stain

【答案】B

【解析】splash污點;flurry騷動,慌張,aflurryof—陣……；particle顆粒;stain污點,瑕疵。句意：小泉每年都要參拜臭名昭著的神社，引發(fā)了中韓人民的譴責和抗議，因為神社供奉著14名甲級戰(zhàn)犯。選項B符合句意。

21.單選題

Theword“foolish”istoomildtodescribeyourbehavior,Iwouldprefertheword“（

）".

問題1選項

A.ideological

B.idyllic

C.idiotic

D.idiomatic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ideological“思想的；意識形態(tài)的”；idyllic“安恬的；田園詩般的”；idiotic“白癡的；愚蠢的”；idiomatic“慣用的；符合語言習慣的”。句意：“愚蠢”這個詞用來描述你的行為太溫和了，我更喜歡用“白癡的”這個單詞。選項C符合題意。

22.單選題

Thereisnodoubt______thecompanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.

問題1選項

A.why

B.that

C.whether

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位語從句。doubt后面的that為同位語從句的引導詞，修飾doubt。doubt引導的主從復合句中，用否定式時后面的引導詞只能是that。相反如果doubt引導肯定意義的主從復合句中，引導詞要用whether。句意：毫無疑問，公司對銷售項目的決定是正確的。

23.單選題

Actorsonstagebringcharacterstofulllife,whowould______havelaininert/powerlessontheprintedpage.

問題1選項

A.thereof

B.nevertheless

C.furthermore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項thereof“它的，由此，在其中”，B項nevertheless“然而，不過，雖然如此”，C項furthermore“此外，而且”，D項otherwise“否則，另外，在其他方面”。由bringcharacterstofulllife“把角色賦予生命”和havelaininert/powerlessontheprintedpage“靜靜地呆在書面上”可知，前后意義相對，故otherwise符合語境。句意：舞臺上的演員使人物栩栩如生，否則這些人物就會毫無生氣地躺在紙上。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

24.單選題

How

difficultitis（）themodern

worldwithoutoil.

問題1選項

A.Imagining

B.imagined

C.toimagine

D.haveimagined

【答案】C

【解析】句意：很難想象現代世界沒了石油會怎么樣。it做形式主語,不定式內容為實際主語。

25.單選題

Eatingmorenutritiousfoodthanisneededdoesn'tmakeitfunctionbetter（）overfillingthetankmakesacarmovefaster.

問題1選項

A.notmorethan

B.lessthan

C.nomorethan

D.anymorethan

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。notmorethan不超過，至多，不比…更…；nomorethan只是，僅僅，同樣不；lessthan比…少；anymorethan至多，僅僅。句意：吃過多超出身體需要的營養(yǎng)品并不會使身體更好，就如同給油箱加過多的油來使其快速前進一樣。C項符合題意。

26.單選題

______,manyoperationsonceperformedbyhandhavecometobeperformedbymachine.

問題1選項

A.Newtechnologyisintroducedfor

B.Introducingnewtechnologyand

C.Withtheintroductionofnewtechnology

D.Theintroductionofnewtechnology

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子結構。后半句句子結構完整，所以前半句應該是做修飾的成分或者并列句。A選項做句子for后面缺少成分；B項and應該連接兩個完整的句子，但是前面句子成分不全；C項with的復合結構，做伴隨狀語，符合題意；D項逗號前后構不成邏輯關系。句意：隨著新技術的引進，許多曾經由手工完成的操作現在都由機器來完成。故正確答案為C。

27.單選題

Heisverykindandhasputhiscarentirelyatour______fortheholiday.

問題1選項

A.usage

B.disposal

C.pleasure

D.position

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項usage“使用，利用，利用率”；B選項atone’sdisposal“由某人支配，由某人做主”；C選項atone’spleasure“隨心所欲”；D選項position“位置，地方”。句意：他非常熱心，在假期把他的汽車______。根據語境，這里指的是把車借給我們用，B選項atone’sdisposal“由某人支配”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

28.單選題

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

問題1選項

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娛樂”；symposium“討論會；座談會”；penalty“懲罰，處罰”。句意：在過去的十五年來，跑步已經成為了一種流行的消遣方式，不同年齡段共三千萬人的參與。選項B符合題意。

29.問答題

Theseyoungadultsestablishedatrendofearlymarriageandrelativelylargefamiliesthatwent

A

formorethantwodecadesandcausedamajorbuttemporaryreversaloflong-termdemographic

B

patterns.Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,Americansmarriedatahigherrateandata

C

youngeragethantheirEuropeancounterparts.

D

【答案】試題答案：A;wenton

【解析】考查固定搭配。goon意為“持續(xù)”，此處為過去式。

30.單選題

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill（

）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

問題1選項

A.conform

B.confirm

C.confine

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。conform意為“遵守，遵從，服從”；confirm意為“確認，批準”；confine意為“限制”；confront意為“面對”。

句意：在任何一個文化環(huán)境中的絕大多數人都會遵守那種文化的既定標準。

31.單選題

MyprofessorbrotherandIhaveanargumentaboutheadandheart,aboutwhetherheovervaluesIQwhileIleanmoretowardEQ.Wetypicallyhavethisdebateaboutpeople—canyoubefriendswithareallysmartjerk（怪物）?—butthere'scorollary（推論）toanimalsaswell.I’dloveitifourdogcouldfetchthemorningpaperandthenreadittomeovercoffee,butIactuallycaremuchmoreaboutherloyalandinnocentheart.There’salreadyenoughthinkinggoingoninourhouse,andweprobablyspendtoomuchtimeinourheads.Whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthat'swhereadogisarovingrevelation.

Ididnotgrowupwithdogs,whichmeantthatmyolderdaughter'srespectfulbutunyieldingdeterminationtogetonerequiredsomeadjustmentonmypart.Ioftenfeltshewastrainingme:fromagesof6to9,shegentlyschooledmeinvariousbreedsandtheirpersonalities,whisperedtothedogsweencounteredsotheywouldcharmandpersuademe,demonstratedbyherself-disciplinethatshewasreadyfortheresponsibility.AndthuscameourdogTwist,whomIsometimesmistakeforathirddaughter.

AtfirstIthoughtthechallengewouldbetotrainhertosit,toheel,towalkcalmlybesideusandnotgowildlychasingtheneighbourhoodrabbits.ButIsoondiscoveredhowmuchmorewehadtolearnfromherthanshefromus.

Ifitistrue,forexample,thatthesecrettoachild’ssuccessislessraregeniusthanrawpersistence,Twist'sabilitytostayontaskisamodelforusall,especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicks（忽然搖動）aroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside.Sheneversucceeds,andshenevergivesup.Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowalls.

Thenthereisherunfailingpatience,whichbreaksdownonlywhenshesensesthatdinnertimewas15minutesagoandwehavesomehowfailedtonotice.Eventhensheismoreeagerthanindignant（憤憤不平）,andherrefusaltowhineshowsarestraintofwhichI'mnotalwayscapablewhenhungry.

ButthelessonIvaluemostistheoneinforgiveness,andTwistfirstofferedthiswhenshewasstillveryyoung.Whenshewasabout7monthsold,wetookhertothevet（獸醫(yī)）tobesprayed（切除卵巢）.Weturnedherovertoastranger,whoproceededtoperformaprocedurethatwasprobablynotpleasant,Butwhenthevetreturnedhertous,limpandtender,therewasnorecrimination（反責）,noHowcouldyoudothattome?Itwasasthoughshereallyknewthatwecouldnotintentionallycauseherpain,andwhileshedidnotunderstand,sheforgaveandcurledupwithherheadonmydaughter'slap.

Isupposewecouldhaveconcludedthatshewasjustblindlyloyalanddocile（溫順的）.Buteventuallyweknewbetter.Sheisentirelycapableofdisobedience,asshehasprovedmanytimes.Shewillignoreuswhentherearemoreinterestingthingstolookat,rebukeuswhenwearecareless,barkintothetwilightwhenshehasurgentmessagestosend.Butherpatiencewithourfailingsandfickleness（浮躁）andherwillingnesstogiveusasecondchanceareadailylessoningratitude.

Myfriendswhogrewupwithdogstellmehowwhentheywereteenagersandtrustednooneintheworld,theycouldtelltheirdogalltheirsecrets.Itwastheonefriendwhowouldnotgossiporbetray,couldprovideinthemiddleofthenightthesoft,unbegrudging（不勉強的）comfortandpeacethatadolescenceconspirestodisrupt.Anagethatisallaboutgrowthandriskneedssomeanchorsandweights,amodelofsteadfastnesswhenallelseisinflux（處于不斷變化中）.SometimesIthinkTwist'sdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleash,onethathangsquietlyattheirsideastheytrotalongbutoccasionallyyanks（猛拉）thembacktosafetyandsolidground.

We'veweighedsomanydecisionssocarefullyinraisingourdaughters—whatschooltosendthemtoandwhatchurchtoattend,whentogivethemcellphonesandwithwhatprecautions.Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshapestheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingareTwist’scharacteristicsEXCEPT

（

）.

3.Accordingtothecontext,themeaningoftheword“square”isclosetto（

）.

4.That“Twist’sdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleash”meansthat（

）.

5.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.apersoncaneitherhaveahighIQoralowEQ

B.herprofessorbrothercarestoomuchaboutIQ

C.weneedexamplesofhowtofollowone'sheart

D.sheprefersdogsthatarecleverandloyal

問題2選項

A.resignation

B.patience

C.forgiveness

D.tenacity

問題3選項

A.fast

B.straight

C.blindly

D.stubbornly

問題4選項

A.Twistiscapableoflookingafterthegirls

B.Twistandthegirlshavebecomefriends

C.Twistknowshowtofollowthegirls

D.Twist'sloyaltyhelpsthegirlsgrowup

問題5選項

A.Difficultiesinraisingherchildren.

B.Worriesaboutwhattobuyforkids.

C.GratitudetoTwistforherrole.

D.Concernsaboutschoolingandreligion.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthat'swhereadogisarovingrevelation.（我們需要一些角色楷模是本能的，而在這一點上，狗就是一個很好的體現）可知C選項“我們需要如何遵循自己內心的例子”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由第二段中的AndthuscameourdogTwist可知Twist是一只狗，第四至第六段的每段句首分別提到了狗的rawpersistence（堅持，鍥而不舍）、unfailingpatience（堅韌不拔的耐心）和forgiveness（寬?。┨卣?，故排除B（耐心）、C（寬?。?、D（堅韌）選項，因此A選項“順從”符合題意。

3.詞義題。根據題干關鍵詞square定位到文章第四段中的Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowalls，由前面的especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicks（忽然搖動）aroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside（特別是如果任務是捕捉陽光，當風吹過外面的樹枝時，陽光在起居室周圍忽然搖動）可推測此“狗是直接朝墻上的陽光跑去”較符合語境，square作副詞時，表示“正對著地，徑直地”，因此選B。

4.判斷推理題。文章倒數第二段中介紹了狗伴隨著朋友的青春期成長，認為狗最忠誠的伙伴，由此聯想到狗Twist對女兒們的忠誠，伴隨著她們長大，因此D選項“Twist的忠誠有助于女孩們成長”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。由Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshapestheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.（但說到真正塑造她們的性格和使家庭融洽時，我從來沒想到我們會欠這位最小的家庭成員這么多）可知作者已將Twist當作家庭中的一員，感激她所做的貢獻，因此C選項“感謝Twist扮演的角色”符合題意。

32.翻譯題

Educationbeginswithteachers.Yetteachingseemstobelosingitsappealformanyofthebestandbrightestcollegestudents:inhighschool,manyofthebeststudentsdecidethattheywanttobeteachers,buttheirrelativesandfriendssoonconvincethemtochangetheirminds.（1）AccordingtoseveralrecentreportsontheshortcomingsofAmericanpublicschooling,teaching'slackofappealforthebrightestcollegestudentsisoneoftheteachingprofession'smostworrisomeproblems.

Manyarticlesonteaching,currentlypopularinnewspapers,magazines,andprofessionaleducationjournals,concentrateonthenegativeaspectsofteaching;theexpression"teacherburnout"iscommonlyascribedtothousandsofthoughtfulanddedicatedteacherswhoareleavingtheprofession.（2）Teacherburnoutiscausedbysuchproblemsasviolenceintheclassroom，vandalism（肆意破壞行為）inadequatesalaries，involuntarytransfers,interferingparents,oversizedclasses,andexcessivepaperwork.Eventhebestteacherscannotsolveachild'sproblems,butmanyofthembelievethepublicexpectsthemto,andtheygiveupteachingindespair.

（3）Despitethemorelimitedfinancialprospects,thedeteriorationoftheAmericanpublic'sattitudetowardteachers,andtheproblemscausedbydisruptivestudents，manyofthebeststudentsconcludethattheywanttopursuecareersintheclassroomafterall.Theyusuallydiscoverthattheywantpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'sworkmorethantheywantmaterialrewards.Eacheventuallychosetobecomeateacher.However,agrowingbodyofevidenceshowsthatsuchstudentsareexceptions,ratherthantherule,inAmerica'smorethan1,200teacher-trainingprograms.Manyteacher-trainingschoolsarebeginningtolookatwaystorecruitthekindofpeoplewhowouldbeinclinedtowardthepositiveaspectsofteaching.Theteachingprofessionhastobecomemoreattractivetogoodstudents.

（4）Prospectiveteacherswillseeincreasedemphasisbynationalteacherorganizations，statecertificationagencies，andlocaldistrictsonimprovingthestatusoftheprofession,aswellasonimprovingteachersalaries.Continuedeffortstoeliminatejobsteachersdothatarenotteacher's—suchaspolicingtherestrooms,hallways,andcafeterias—areimportantforupgradingtheprofession.

Whileteachingisnotawisecareerchoiceforall,teachingisanobleandrewardingprofessionforthosewhoindeedseekpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'swork.（4）Thoughthefirstyearofteachingisfrequentlythemostfrustratingyearinateacher'slife,theexperienceofsolvingproblemsthatdealwithinstruction,students,parents,administrators,andfellowteachersisofimmeasurablevalueforfuturesuccess.

PuttheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】1.根據最近幾份關于美國公立學校教育缺點的報告，對最聰明的大學生來說，教學缺乏吸引力是教師行業(yè)最令人擔憂的問題之一。

2.教師的職業(yè)倦怠是由以下問題引起的:教室里的暴力行為、故意破壞、工資不高、非自愿的調動、家長的干預、班級規(guī)模過大