考研考博-英語-安陽幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安陽幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Paintingsarestatic.Theuniquenessoftheexperienceoflookingatapaintingrepeatedly—overaperiodofdaysoryears—isthat,inthemidstofflux,theimageremainschangeless.Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchangingthesamemilkflowingfromthesamejug,thewavesontheseawithexactlythesameformationunbroken,thesmileandthefacewhichhavenotaltered.

Onemightbetemptedtosaythatpaintingspreserveamoment.Yetonreflectionthisisobviouslyuntrue.Forthemomentofapainting,unlikeamomentphotographed,neverexistedassuch.Andsoapaintingcannotbesaidtopreserveit.

Ifapainting"stops",time,itisnot,likeaphotograph,preservingamomentofthepastfromthesupersessionofsucceedingmoments.Iamthinkingoftheimagewithintheframe,thescenewhichisdepicted.Clearlyifoneconsidersanartist'slife-workorthehistoryofart,oneistreatingpaintingsasbeing,partly,recordsofthepast,evidenceofwhathasbeen.Yetthishistoricalview,whetherusedwithinaMarxistoridealisttradition,haspreventedmostartexpertsfromconsidering—orevennoticing―theproblemofhowtimeexists(ordoesnot)withinpainting.

InearlyRenaissanceart,inpaintingsfromnon-Europeancultures,incertainmodemworks,theimageimpliesapassageoftime.Lookingatit,thespectatorseesbefore,duringandafter.TheChinesesagetakesawalkfromonetreetoanother,thecarriagerunsoverthechild,thenudedescendsthestaircase.Andthisofcoursehasbeenanalyzedandcommentedupon.Yettheensuingimageisstillstaticwhilstreferringtothedynamicworldbeyonditsedges,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.Strangebecauseitisbothsoflagrantandsotakenforgranted.

Paintersthemselvespractiseapartialanswer,evenifitremainsunformulatedinwords.Whenisapaintingfinished?Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—likethesecondshoeofapair—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.ThelongorshortprocessofpaintingapictureistheprocessofconstructingthefuturemomentswhenitwillbelookedatInreality,despitethepainter'sideal,thesemomentscannotbeentirelydetermined.Theycanneverbeentirelyfilledbythepainting.Neverthelessthepaintingisentirelyaddressedtothesemoments.

Whetherthepainterisahackoramastermakesnodifferencetothe"address"ofthepainting.Thedifferenceisinwhatapaintingdelivers;inhowcloselythemomentofitsbeinglookedat,asforeseenbythepainter,correspondstotheinterestsoftheactualmomentsofitsbeinglookedatlaterbyotherpeople,whenthecircumstancessurroundingitsproduction(patronage,fashion,ideology)havechanged.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

2.Whatdoesthepronoun“it”inthelastlineofthe4thparagraphreferto?

3.Whenisapaintingfinishedaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat().

5.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe().

問題1選項

A.Aspecificmomentispreservedthetimeapaintingiscreated.

B.Thecontentofapaintingremainsstaticthoughitsimplicationmaykeepchanging.

C.Apaintingstopstimeinthatitdepictsamomentofthepastandfixesitwithintheframe.

D.AMarxistviewtendstoseeapaintingaschangingallthetime.

問題2選項

A.Theensuingimage.

B.Theproblem.

C.Themeaningofthecontrast

D.Thecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.

問題3選項

A.Whenitrealisticallydepictssomethingintherealworld.

B.Whentheartistforeseeshowhispaintingwillbereceivedbythepublic.

C.Whenthemomentofitsbeinglookedatcorrespondstotheartist’sexpectationofhowit'sgoingtobelookedat.

D.Whentheartistcandeterminethemomentwhenitwillbelookedat.

問題4選項

A.imagesinsomeRenaissancepaintingsmayhotnecessarilybestatic

B.paintingsbyahackorbyamasterarethesameinthattheyaddressthesamepeople

C.whetherapaintingisstaticordynamicisdeterminednotbythepainterbutbythosewholookatit

D.unlikeapainting,aphotographcanpreserveamoment

問題5選項

A.PaintingandTime

B.PaintersandTheirWorks

C.TheStaticandtheDynamic

D.TheHistoryofPaintingasaFormofArt

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第三句“Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchanging.”選項B一幅畫的內(nèi)容保持不變,盡管它的含義可能不斷變化,正確。

2.根據(jù)上一句“...,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.”這就產(chǎn)生了一個問題：靜態(tài)和動態(tài)之間的這種奇怪對比究竟是什么意思。所以正確答案為D。

3.根據(jù)第五段的第三句“Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—...—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.”選項C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)原文可推斷出選項C正確,一幅畫是靜態(tài)的還是動態(tài)的不是由畫家決定的,而是由觀看者決定的。

5.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知選項D更符合原文。選項A,B,C都只是其中的一部分。

2.單選題

Stressfulenvironmentleadstounhealthybehaviorssuchaspooreatinghabits,which（

）,increasetheriskofhighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

問題1選項

A.bychance

B.inturn

C.byfortune

D.incase

【答案】B

【解析】句意:有壓力的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致如不好的飲食習(xí)慣這樣的不健康的行為，依次增加高血壓和心臟病的風(fēng)險。

短語辨析。Bychance偶然，意外;inturn輪流,依次;byfortune幸運;incase萬一,假如.。故B符合句意。

3.單選題

Alotofantsarealwaysinvadingmykitchen.Theyareathorough______.

問題1選項

A.nuisance

B.trouble

C.worry

D.anxiety

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項nuisance“麻煩事，討厭的人（或東西）”；B選項trouble“困難”；C選項worry“令人擔(dān)憂的事”；D選項anxiety“焦慮”。句意：我的廚房里總是有很多螞蟻。它們就是十足的______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是這些螞蟻非常讓人心煩，A選項nuisance“麻煩事，討厭的人（或東西）”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

4.單選題

Intheeighteenthcentury,Japan’sfeudaloverlords,fromtheshoguntothehumblestsamurai,foundthemselvesunderfinancialstress.Inpart,thisstresscanbeattributedtotheoverlords’failuretoadjusttoarapidlyexpandingeconomy,butthestresswasalsoduetofactorsbeyondtheoverlords’control.Concentrationofthesamuraiincastle-townshadactedasastimulustotrade.Commercialefficiency,inturn,hadputtemptationsinthewayofbuyers.Sincemostsamuraihadbeenreducedtoidlenessbyyearsofpeace,encouragedtoengageinscholarshipandmartialexercisesortoperformadministrativetasksthattooklittletime,itisnotsurprisingthattheirtastesandhabitsgrewexpensive.Overlords’income,despitetheincreaseinriceproductionamongtheirtenantfarmers,failedtokeeppacewiththeirexpenses.Althoughshortfallsinoverlords’incomeresultedalmostasmuchfromlaxityamongtheirtaxcollectors(thenearlyinevitableoutcomeofhereditaryoffice-holding)asfromtheirhigherstandardsofliving,amisfortunelikeafireorflood,bringinganincreaseinexpensesoradropinrevenue,couldputadomainindebttothecityrice-brokerswhohandleditsfinances.Onceindebt,neithertheindividualsamurainortheshogunhimselffounditeasytorecover.

Itwasdifficultforindividualsamuraioverlordstoincreasetheirincomebecausetheamountofricethatfarmerscouldbemadetopayintaxeswasnotunlimited,andsincetheincomeofJapan’scentralgovernmentconsistedinpartoftaxescollectedbytheshogunfromhishugedomain,thegovernmenttoowasconstrained.Therefore,theTokugawashogunsbegantolooktoothersourcesforrevenue.Cashprofitsfromgovernment-ownedmineswerealreadyonthedeclinebecausethemosteasilyworkeddepositsofsilverandgoldhadbeenexhausted,althoughdebasementofthecoinagehadcompensatedfortheloss.Openingupnewfarmlandwasapossibility,butmostofwhatwassuitablehadalreadybeenexploitedandfurtherreclamationwastechnicallyunfeasible.Directtaxationofthesamuraithemselveswouldbepoliticallydangerous.Thislefttheshogunsonlycommerceasapotentialsourceofgovernmentincome.

Mostofthecountry’swealth,orsoitseemed,wasfindingitswayintothehandsofcitymerchants.Itappearedreasonablethattheyshouldcontributepartofthatrevenuetoeasetheshogun’sburdenoffinancingthestate.Ameansofobtainingsuchrevenuewassoonfoundbylevyingforcedloans,knownasgoyo-kin;althoughthesewerenottaxesinthestrictsense,sincetheywereirregularintimingandarbitraryinamount,theywerehighinyield.Unfortunately,theypushedupprices.Thus,regrettably,theTokugawashoguns，searchforsolvencyforthegovernmentmadeitincreasinglydifficultforindividualJapanesewholivedonfixedstipendstomakeendsmeet.

31.Thepassageismostprobablyanexcerptfrom（）.

32.WhichofthefollowingfinancialsituationsismostanalogoustothefinancialsituationinwhichJapan’sTokugawashogunsfoundthemselvesintheeighteenthcentury?

33.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardthesamuraidiscussedinSentence5,Paragraph1?

34.Thepassagesuggeststhat,ineighteenth-centuryJapan,theofficeoftaxcollector（）.

35.ThepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwastheprimaryreasonwhytheTokugawashogunsturnedtocitymerchantsforhelpinfinancingthestate?

問題1選項

A.aneconomichistoryofJapan

B.thememoirsofasamuraiwarrior

C.amodernnovelabouteighteenth-centuryJapan

D.anessaycontrastingJapanesefeudalismwithitsWesterncounterpart

問題2選項

A.Asmallbusinessborrowsheavilytoinvestinnewequipment,butisabletopayoffitsdebtearlywhenitisawardedalucrativegovernmentcontract.

B.Firedestroysasmallbusiness,butinsurancecoversthecostofrebuilding.

C.Asmallbusinessisturneddownforaloanatalocalbankbecausetheownershavenocredithistory.

D.Asmallbusinesshastostruggletomeetoperatingexpenseswhenitsprofitsdecrease.

問題3選項

A.Warmlyapproving.

B.Mildlysympathetic.

C.Bitterlydisappointed.

D.Harshlydisdainful.

問題4選項

A.wasasourceofpersonalprofittotheofficeholder

B.wasregardedwithderisionbymanyJapanese

C.remainedwithinfamilies

D.existedonlyincastle-towns

問題5選項

A.Aseriesofcostlywarshaddepletedthenationaltreasury.

B.Mostofthecountry’swealthappearedtobeincitymerchants’hands.

C.Japanhadsufferedaseriesofeconomicreversalsduetonaturaldisasterssuchasfloods.

D.Themerchantswerealreadyheavilyindebtedtotheshoguns.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】31.推理題。題干中的excerpt一詞的意思為“摘錄”。瀏覽全文后發(fā)現(xiàn)本文主題句為第一段第一句。Intheeighteenthcentury,Japan’sfeudaloverlords,fromtheshoguntothehumblestsamurai,foundthemselvesunderfinancialstress.（在18世紀，日本的封建領(lǐng)主，從幕府將軍到最卑微的武士，都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于財政壓力之下。）從而得出本題答案。

32.

細節(jié)類比題。文章第一段第5-7句。Sincemostsamuraihadbeenreducedtoidlenessbyyearsofpeace,encouragedtoengageinscholarshipandmartialexercisesortoperformadministrativetasksthattooklittletime,itisnotsurprisingthattheirtastesandhabitsgrewexpensive.Overlords’income,despitetheincreaseinriceproductionamongtheirtenantfarmers,failedtokeeppacewiththeirexpenses.Althoughshortfallsinoverlords’incomeresultedalmostasmuchfromlaxityamongtheirtaxcollectors(thenearlyinevitableoutcomeofhereditaryoffice-holding)asfromtheirhigherstandardsofliving,amisfortunelikeafireorflood,bringinganincreaseinexpensesoradropinrevenue,couldputadomainindebttothecityrice-brokerswhohandleditsfinances.給出了18世紀的financialsituations有三方面的原因：samurai（武士）問題，收入增加跟不上支出的增加和災(zāi)難。根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞Tokugawa定位到文章第二、第三段。從而得出本題答案。

33.

觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干，將信息點定位到第一段第五句。Sincemostsamuraihadbeenreducedtoidlenessbyyearsofpeace,encouragedtoengageinscholarshipandmartialexercisesortoperformadministrativetasksthattooklittletime,itisnotsurprisingthattheirtastesandhabitsgrewexpensive.（由于多年的和平生活使大多數(shù)武士變得懶惰，他們被鼓勵從事學(xué)術(shù)和軍事訓(xùn)練，或從事不需要多少時間的行政工作，因此他們的品味和習(xí)慣變得昂貴也就不足為奇了。）根據(jù)第五句句子后半部分的“itisnotsurprising...”表明作者的態(tài)度是略帶同情的正向評價。從而得出本題答案。

34.

細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞taxcollector，將信息點定位到文章第一段第七句?！癆lthoughshortfallsinoverlords’incomeresultedalmostasmuchfromlaxityamongtheirtaxcollectors(thenearlyinevitableoutcomeofhereditaryoffice-holding)asfromtheirhigherstandardsofliving,amisfortunelikeafireorflood,bringinganincreaseinexpensesoradropinrevenue,couldputadomainindebttothecityrice-brokerswhohandleditsfinances.（盡管領(lǐng)主收入的減少幾乎和他們生活水平的提高一樣多的是由于他們的稅務(wù)人員的疏忽（世襲官職的幾乎不可避免的結(jié)果），但一場火災(zāi)或洪水這樣的災(zāi)難，帶來的開支的增加或收入的下降，可能會使處理財政的城市大米經(jīng)紀人欠下一筆債務(wù)）”從而得出本題答案。

35.

事實推理題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞citymerchants，將信息點定位到文章最后一段第一句。Mostofthecountry’swealth,orsoitseemed,wasfindingitswayintothehandsofcitymerchants.（這個國家的大部分財富，或者說看起來，正在流入城市商人的手中。）從而得出本題答案。

5.單選題

Althoughthestudyofanimalcommunicationhasplayedavitalroleinourunderstandingofhumancommunicationeversincethedawnoftime,recentresearchinthisareahasrevealedanumberofstrikingsimilaritiesbetweenanimalandhumancommunication.Researchershavediscoveredthatanimals1withhumansanumberofcharacteristics,including2associatedwithattractionandmating,territoriality,familiarties,divisionoflabor,andanumberofothertraitsthatweonce3wereuniquely“4”.

Forexample,the5betweensquirrelmonkeymothersandinfantsisnotunlikethatofhuman.Wheninfantsareseparatefromtheirmothers,theyemitloud,easily6,andindividuallyrecognizablesounds.7,themothercanfindherchildand8itsneeds.9,mothersquirrelmonkeyshavetheirownformof“motherese”,oradultspeechthatis10inordertocommunicatewiththeirinfants.

問題1選項

A.resemble

B.share

C.contrast

D.differ

問題2選項

A.what

B.that

C.those

D.ones

問題3選項

A.assumed

B.guessed

C.justified

D.reasoned

問題4選項

A.animal’s

B.humane

C.humanity

D.human

問題5選項

A.bond

B.ties

C.affection

D.joint

問題6選項

A.simulated

B.located

C.situated

D.detected

問題7選項

A.Inthisway

B.Thus

C.Becauseofthis

D.Therefore

問題8選項

A.supply

B.help

C.get

D.serve

問題9選項

A.Conversely

B.Likely

C.Likewise

D.Comparatively

問題10選項

A.altered

B.modified

C.revised

D.adapted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:D

【解析】1.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項resemble“類似”；B選項share“共用”；C選項contrast“對比；對照；顯出明顯的差異”；D選項differ“不同”。句意：人類交流研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，動物和人類有許多共同的特征。這里是說動物和人類有許多共同的特征，由此可知B選項正確。

2.考查非限定性定語從句。A選項“what”以及B選項“that”不能引導(dǎo)非限定制性定語從句，故排除A，B選項。選項D“ones”只能作為代詞，不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，故排除。因此選項C為正確答案。

3.考查上下文語義辨析。A選項assumed“假設(shè)；（承擔(dān)）責(zé)任”；B選項guessed“猜想”；C選項justified“調(diào)整；證明……正當”；D選項reasoned“說服”。上文說到研究者對動物交流的研究就在我們理解人類交流方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用，可推測此處應(yīng)填研究者的推論，B選項guess指的是毫無根據(jù)僅憑個人主觀臆斷，可排除，由此可知A選項正確。

4.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項animal’s“動物，動物世界；牲畜”；B選項humane“仁慈的，人道的；高尚的”；C選項humanity“人道；仁慈；人文學(xué)科”；D選項human“人類”。中文翻譯為：我們猜想我們是獨一無二的人類，判斷出此處D選項正確。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項bond“紐帶”；B選項ties“結(jié)”；C選項affection“喜愛，感情；影響；感染”；D選項joint“關(guān)節(jié)；接縫”。句意：松鼠猴的母親和嬰兒之間的紐帶就像人類一樣。判斷出A項正確。

6.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項simulated“模擬的；模仿的；仿造的”；B選項located“處于，位于；坐落的”；C選項situated“位于……的；處于……境遇的”；D選項detected“檢測到的”。根據(jù)下文，themothercanfindherchild（媽媽能找到她的孩子）?？芍狟選項正確。

7.考查連詞。A選項Inthisway“這樣；用這種方法”；B選項Thus“因此；從而；這樣；如此”；C選項Becauseofthis“因為這個”；D選項Therefore“因此”。由上文“當嬰兒與母親分開時，他們會發(fā)出響亮的、容易定位的、單獨可識別的聲音”的這種方式，可推測A選項正確。

8.考查動詞詞義。A選項supply“供給，提供；補充”；B選項help“幫助”；C選項get“使得；獲得；受到；變成”；D選項serve“招待，供應(yīng)”。根據(jù)find“找到”以及后文itsneeds“它的需要”，D選項“serve”所提供的服務(wù)是虛擬的，A選項“supply”所提供的服務(wù)是現(xiàn)實的，可知A選項正確。

9.考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項Conversely“相反地”；B選項Likely“很可能；或許”；C選項Likewise“同樣地；也”；D選項Comparatively“比較地；相當?shù)亍薄Ｂ?lián)系下文mothersquirrelmonkeyshavetheirownformof“motherese”.（松鼠猴媽媽有自己的媽媽語），可知C項正確。

10.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項altered“改變，改動，修改”；B選項modified“修改；更改”；C選項revised“修改；校訂；復(fù)習(xí)”；D選項adapted“使適應(yīng)，改編”。根據(jù)上文mothersquirrelmonkeyshavetheirownformof“motherese”（松鼠猴媽媽也有自己的媽媽語），下文inordertocommunicatewiththeirinfants.（以便與嬰兒交流），B選項modified強調(diào)細小的變化，常含“緩和”的意味，可排除，D選項adapted（適應(yīng)，改編）符合題意，D選項正確。

6.單選題

Fredhasa(n)（）kindofhumorthatcanonlybeappreciatedbythosewillingtosearchbeneaththesurface.

問題1選項

A.obvious

B.hidden

C.subtle

D.controlled

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:obvious“明顯的；顯著的；平淡無奇的”；B:hidden“隱藏的”；C:subtle“微妙的；細微的”；D:controlled“受控制的；受約束的”。句意：那些愿意了解深層意思的人才會欣賞到Fred的微妙幽默。結(jié)合此處語義，C為正確答案。

7.單選題

Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple.Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplacesforcenturiesandthousandsofpeoplehadseenthemfall.ButNewtonforyearshadbeencuriousaboutthecauseoftheorbitalmotionofthemoonandplanets.Whatkepttheminplace?Whydidn’ttheyfalloutofthesky?Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.

Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournalsbuthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.

Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.I’veattendedresearchconferenceswhereascientisthasbeenaskedwhathethinksabouttheadvisabilityofcontinuingacertainexperiment.Thescientisthasfrowned,lookedatthegraphs,andsaid“thedataarestillinconclusive.”“Weknowthat,”themenfromthebudgetofficehavesaid,“butwhatdoyouthink?Isitworthwhilegoingon?Whatdoyouthinkwemightexpect?”Thescientisthasbeenshockedathavingevenbeenaskedtospeculate.

Whatthisamountsto,ofcourse,isthatthescientisthasbecomethevictimofhisownwritings.Hehasputforwardunquestionedclaimssoconsistentlythathenotonlybelievesthemhimself,buthasconvincedindustrialandbusinessmanagementthattheyaretrue.Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthesciencejournalsindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableindollarsandcents.Itisentirelyreasonableforauditorstobelievethatscientistswhoknowexactlywheretheyaregoingandhowtheywillgetthereshouldnotbedistractedbythenecessityofkeepingoneeyeonthecashregisterwhiletheothereyeisonthemicroscope.Nor,ifregularityandconformitytoastandardpatternareasdesirabletothescientistasthewritingofhispaperswouldappeartoreflect,ismanagementtobeblamedfordiscriminatingagainstthe“oddballs”amongresearchersinfavorofmoreconventionalthinkerswho“workwellwiththeteam.”

1.TheauthorwantstoprovewiththeexampleofIsaacNewtonthat（）.

2.Theauthorassertsthatscientists（）.

3.Itseemsthatsomeyoungscientists（）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthattheresultsofscientificresearch（）.

問題1選項

A.inquiringmindsaremoreimportantthanscientificexperiments

B.scienceadvanceswhenfruitfulresearchersareconducted

C.scientistsseldomforgettheessentialnatureofresearch

D.unpredictabilityweighslessthanpredictioninscientificresearch

問題2選項

A.shouldn’treplace“scientificmethod”withimaginativethought

B.shouldn’tneglecttospeculateonunpredictablethings

C.shouldwritemoreconcisereportsfortechnicaljournals

D.shouldbeconfidentabouttheirresearchfindings

問題3選項

A.haveakeeninterestin

B.oftenspeculateonthefutureprediction

C.thinkhighlyofcreativethinking

D.stickto“scientificmethod”

問題4選項

A.maynotbeasprofitableastheyareexpected

B.canbemeasuredindollarsandcents

C.relyonconformitytoastandardpattern

D.aremostlyunderestimatedbymanagement

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.”，可知在實踐中，科學(xué)與其說依賴于它所準備的實驗，不如說依賴于人對實驗的思考。下文就用牛頓發(fā)現(xiàn)地心引力的例子證明了這一觀點?？膳袛喑鲎髡呦胗冒_克?牛頓的例子來證明求知的思維比科學(xué)實驗更重要。選項A符合題意。

2.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.”，可知不可預(yù)測性是研究的本質(zhì)之一。如果你沒有不可預(yù)測的東西，你就沒有研究?？膳袛喑鲎髡邎孕趴茖W(xué)家不應(yīng)忽視對不可預(yù)測的事情進行推測。選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.”，可知在與一些科學(xué)家，尤其是年輕的科學(xué)家交談時，你可能會得到這樣的印象：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)方法可以代替富有想象力的思維?？膳袛喑鲆恍┠贻p的科學(xué)家似乎會堅持使用科學(xué)方法而不是富有想象力的思維。選項D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthesciencejournalsindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableindollarsandcents.”，可知如果實驗是像科學(xué)雜志上的報告所表明的那樣，如實地按照計劃進行規(guī)劃和實施，那么管理層期望研究能產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的利益是完全合乎邏輯的。但是有時候科學(xué)實驗的結(jié)果不會驗證預(yù)測，并不像期望中的那么有利可圖。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Whenyouchoseapieceofcloth,themostimportantthingthatyoushouldpayattentiontoisits______.

問題1選項

A.textile

B.content

C.style

D.texture

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項textile“紡織品”；B選項content“含量；（書、講話、節(jié)目等的）主題，主要內(nèi)容”；C選項style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”；D選項texture“質(zhì)地，手感；口感”。句意：當你選擇一塊布的時候，最重要的是要注意它的質(zhì)地。根據(jù)語境，這里在講如何挑選布料，布料的______非常重要，D選項texture“質(zhì)地，手感”符合題意；而C選項style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”形容服裝更合適，布料沒太多設(shè)計樣式和風(fēng)格可言。因此D選項正確。

9.翻譯題

舞獅是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物(mascot)。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護人類。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代，獅舞就己經(jīng)被引入了皇室，因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。

【答案】LiondanceisoneofthemostpopularfolkdancesinChina.Thelionisthekingofanimals.InChinesetradition,thelionisregardedasamascot,whichcanbringgoodluck.Theancientsawthelionastheembodimentofcourageandstrength,whichcoulddriveawayevilandprotecthumanbeings.Itisrecordedthattheliondancehasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Inthetangdynasty,theliondancewasintroducedintotheroyalfamily.Therefore,performingtheliondanceattheLanternFestivalandotherfestiveoccasionsbecameacustomwherepeoplecouldprayforgoodluck,safetyandhappiness.

10.單選題

He（）spendshisholidaysinthemountainsthoughoccasionallyhegoestotheseasideinstead.

問題1選項

A.usually

B.constantly

C.invariably

D.always

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項usually“通常，經(jīng)常”，表示頻率高，允許有例外；B選項constantly“不斷地；時常地”，表示一個動作不斷發(fā)生，一成不變；C選項invariably“總是，不變地，一如既往的”，表示一成不變的持續(xù)動作；D選項always“總是，常?！?，頻度為100%，表示動作重復(fù)、狀態(tài)繼續(xù)、中間沒有間斷。句意：他通常在山里度假，但偶爾去海邊。由選項意思和句意可知，A選項符合句意。

11.單選題

Heisnotaverycrediblelecturer.

問題1選項

A.well-known

B.religious

C.ordinary

D.believable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。credible表示“可靠的；可信的”；A選項為“著名的；眾所周知的”；B選項為“宗教的，嚴謹?shù)摹?；C選項為“普通的；一般的”；D選項為“可信的”。根據(jù)句意可知，他不是一個可信的演講者。因此，D項為正確答案。

12.單選題

Ourcountryhadmadegreateffortstopromotethefamily-planningpolicy,but（）thebirthrateisgettinghigherandhigher.

問題1選項

A.asitwere

B.asitis

C.asitwas

D.asisit

【答案】C

【解析】asitwere可以說是，似乎就是，好像；asitis實際上，事實上，既然如此；asitwas事實上，結(jié)果

卻是；asisit搭配錯誤。句意：我國為推行計劃生育政策做出了巨大的努力，但出生率卻越來越高。根據(jù)句意可知，句子的時態(tài)應(yīng)該為過去時所以選項C正確。

13.單選題

Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier,havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.Butintheexecutivecircle,beautycanbecomealiability.

Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultoawoman.

Handsomemaleexecutiveswereperceivedashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen;effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones;theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.

Whyareattractivewomennotthoughttobeable?Anattractivewomanisperceivedtobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculinethanthelessattractiveones.Thus,anattractivewomanhasanadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs,butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthe“masculine”qualitiesrequired.

Thisistrueeveninpolitics.“Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks,peopletreatmenandwomendifferently,”saysAnnBowman,whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.Sheasked125undergraduatestoranktwogroupsofphotographs,oneofmenandoneofwomen,inorderofattractiveness.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain,intheordertheywouldvoteforthem.

Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen,butthewomenwhohadbeenrankedmostattractiveinvariablyreceivedthefewestvotes.

1.ThelastwordinParagraphone“l(fā)iability”mostprobablymeans（）.

2.Intraditionallyfemalejobs,attractiveness（）.

3.Bowman’sexperimentrevealsthatwhenitcomestopolitics,attractiveness（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatpeople’sviewsonbeautyareoften（）.

5.Theauthorwritesthispassageto（）.

問題1選項

A.misfortunet

B.instabilityt

C.disadvantaget

D.burdent

問題2選項

A.reinforcesthefemininequalitiesrequiredt

B.makeswomenlookmorehonestandcapablet

C.isofprimaryimportancetowoment

D.oftenenableswomentosucceedquicklyt

問題3選項

A.turnsouttobeanobstaclet

B.affectsmenandwomenaliket

C.hasaslittleeffectonmenasonwoment

D.ismoreofanobstaclethanabenefittowoment

問題4選項

A.practicalt

B.prejudicedt

C.old-fashionedt

D.radicalt

問題5選項

A.discussthenegativeaspectsofbeingattractivet

B.giveadvicetojob-seekerswhoareattractivet

C.demandequalrightsforwoment

D.emphasizetheimportanceofappearance

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:語義推測題。題干意思是“第一段最后一個單詞‘liability’的意思是……”。第一段開頭便提到了美麗的優(yōu)勢，Almosteveryone