考研考博-英語-北京電影學院現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)意媒體學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京電影學院現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)意媒體學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

人類文明——任何形式的人類文明，都可以說是一種大的信息系統(tǒng)。第一個階段是語言，有了語言才能共同占有經(jīng)驗，才能集體記憶，才能集體積累知識。然后便是記寫，記寫提供了一種不太容易消失的、更容易傳遞的記憶形式。之后便出現(xiàn)了印刷，從而使信息傳播大大增加。

現(xiàn)代電子學正在為我們提供嶄新而功能更強的方法，來收集、加工、處理和傳遞。正是這種發(fā)展的一個非凡特征，才使得能力的巨大提高卻沒有給能源或稀少的材料造成負擔。相反，設備變得越來越小，甚至在同樣的工作性能情況下，價格越來越便宜。只需要看袖珍計算器，微型計算機，電子表和電子游戲機，便可知道確實是如此。

【答案】Itcanbesaidthatanyformofhumancivilizationisalargeinformationsystem.Thefirststageislanguage.Onlywithlanguagecanweshareexperienceandhavecollectivememoryaswellasaccumulateknowledgecollectively.Thesecondstepistowritedown.Writinghasofferedaformofmemorythatislesslikelytodisappearandmoreeasilytransmitted.Thenprintinggreatlyhasincreasedthedisseminationofinformation.

Modernelectronicsisprovidinguswithnewandmorepowerfulwaystocollect,process,processanddeliver.Itisaremarkablefeatureofthisdevelopmentthatgreatlyincreasesabilitywithoutposingburdenonenergyorscarcematerials.Rather,devicesaregettingsmallerandevencheaperunderthesameperformanceconditions,whichisprovedbypocketcalculator,microcomputer,electronicwatchandelectronicgamemachine.

2.單選題

Aircraftandrocketcanbeusedtocollectradioactivedebris,whilehigh-altitudesatellitescarrydetectorsforgammaraysandotheremissions.

問題1選項

A.diffusion

B.remains

C.glitter

D.transfer

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。debris表示“碎片，殘骸”。A項diffusion“擴散，傳播”，B項remain“遺留，殘骸”，C項glitter“閃光，燦爛”，D項transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”。句意：飛機和火箭可以用來收集放射性碎片，而高空衛(wèi)星攜帶探測伽馬射線和其他輻射的探測器。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

3.單選題

Thecar,atleastasweknowit,isonthewayout,becauseitsexhaust（

）athreattotheenvironment.

問題1選項

A.originates

B.poses

C.offends

D.paralyzes

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。originate起源，發(fā)源；pose造成問題等；offend冒犯，進攻；paralyze使麻痹。句意：至少就我們所知，汽車正在被淘汰，因為它的廢氣對環(huán)境造成了威脅。poseathreatto為固定搭配，表示“對...造成威脅”，所以選項B正確。

4.單選題

Ifthesun（）theplayerscouldhavefinishedthegame.

問題1選項

A.hadshine

B.didshine

C.wereshining

D.hadshone

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。這是個虛擬條件句，表示對過去的虛擬，句意：如果太陽照耀著，隊員們本可以完成比賽，說明比賽未完成，這個事情已經(jīng)是既成事實了，ifIhaddone…Iwouldhavedone…因此，D選項符合句意。

5.單選題

Manysocialservicesareprovidedby（

）societiesandorganizationsthatdonotexpectanymaterialpayment.

問題1選項

A.wealthy

B.voluntary

C.helpful

D.spiritual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。wealthy“富有的；充分的”；voluntary“自愿的”；helpful“有幫助的；有益的”；spiritual“精神的；心靈的”。句意：很多社團自愿組織提供很多社會福利事業(yè)，并不期望任何物質(zhì)報酬。選項B符合題意。

6.單選題

Somepeoplecriticizefamilydoctorsfor（）toomanymedicinesforminorillnesses.

問題1選項

A.prescribing

B.ordering

C.advising

D.delivering

【答案】A

【解析】prescribing規(guī)定,開藥；ordering訂購；advising建議；delivering發(fā)表,投遞。句意：有些人批評家庭醫(yī)生為小病開的藥過多。

7.單選題

TheMedalofNationalScienceis[A]thehighest[B]awardscientificthatcanbe[C]givento[D]anyindividualintheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.thehighest

B.awardscientific

C.given

D.any

【答案】B

【解析】【考查點】形容詞語序。

【解題思路】award是名詞，scientific是形容詞，形容詞應該放在名詞前面，所以正確語序是scientificaward（科學獎項）。該題選擇B項。

【句意】國家科學獎章是美國授予任何個人的最高科學獎。

8.單選題

（）he（）asynopsisofastory（）hewouldsummonacrowdofhisfriends

tohishouseandreaditaloudtothem.

問題1選項

A.Nosoonerdid...have...than

B.Assoonas...hadthen

C.Nosoonerdid...have...that

D.Nosooner...had...than

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他剛有了一個故事的概要，就把一群朋友們叫到家聽他朗讀。

語法題。考查倒裝?！癗osoonerdid（had）...than...”表示“一…就…”。此固定結(jié)構(gòu)引導吋間狀語從句，位于句首，需要部分倒裝。因此只有A正確。

9.單選題

Theideathatboysandgirlshavedifferentlearningstylesseemstobelosingground，buttherearestillmany（）supportersofsingle-sexeducation.

問題1選項

A.compulsory

B.pervasive

C.critical

D.passionate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項compulsory“義務的，強制的”，B選項pervasive“遍布的，普遍的”，C選項critical“批判性的，關鍵的”，D選項passionate“狂熱的，熱情的”，句意：認為男孩和女孩有不同的學習方式的觀點似乎正在失勢，但仍有許多普遍支持男女分校教育的人。因此，B選項符合句意。

10.單選題

To（

）people’shungerforadventures,theycameupwithmanyhigh-techvideogames.

問題1選項

A.enhance

B.beautify

C.appease

D.nullify

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。Enhance“加強”；beautify“美化”；appease“使平息，使?jié)M足”；nullify“使無效，作廢”。句意：為了滿足人們對冒險的渴望，他們想出了許多高科技電子游戲。選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

AbrahamLincolnturns200thisyear,andhe’sbeginningtoshowhisage.Whenhisbirthdayarrives,onFebruary12,CongresswillholdaspecialjointsessionintheCapitol’sNationalStatuaryHall,awreathwillbelaidatthegreatmemorialinWashington,andawebcastwilllinkschoolclassroomsfora"teach-in"honoringhismemory.

Admirableastheyare,though,theeventswillstrikemanyofusLincolnfansasinadequate,evenhalfhearted-andanothersignthatourappreciationforthe16thpresidentandhistoweringachievementsisslippingaway.Andyoudon'thavetobeaLincolnenthusiasttobelievethatthisissomethingwecan’taffordtolose.

Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennial,in1909,thatyear,Lincoln'slikenessmadeitsdebutonthepenny,thankstoapprovalfromtheU.S.SecretaryoftheTreasury.Communitiesandcivicassociationsineverycomerofthecountryeruptedinparades,concerts,balls,lectures,andmilitarydisplays.Westillfeeltheeffectstoday:Themomentumunloosedin1909ledtotheLincolnMemorial,openedin1922,andtheLincolnHighway,thefirstpavedtranscontinentalthoroughfare.

Thecelebrantsin1909hadafewinspirationswelacktoday.Lincoln’spresidencywasstillalivingmemoryforcountlessAmericans.In2009wearefartherintimefromtheendoftheSecondWorldWarthantheywerefromtheCivilWar;familiesstillfeltthelossoflovedonesfromthatawfiilnationaltrauma.

ButAmericansin1909hadsomethingmore:anunembarrassedappreciationforheroesandanacutesenseofthewaythatevenLong-deadhistoricalfigurespressinonthepresentandmakeuswhoweare.

OnestorywillillustratewhatI'mtalkingabout.

In2003agroupoflocalcitizensarrangedtoplaceastatueofLincolninRichmond,Virginia,formercapitaloftheConfederacy.Theideatouchedoffafirestormofcontroversy.TheSonsofConfederateVeteransheldapublicconferenceofcarefullyselectedscholarsto"reassess"thelegacyofLincoln.Theverdict-nosurprise-wasnegative:Lincolnwaslabeledeverythingfromaracisttotalitariantoatellerofdirtyjokes.

Icoveredtheconferenceasareporter,butwhatreallyunnervedmewasacounter-conferenceofscholarstorefutetheearlierone.ThesescholarsdrewapictureofLincolnthatonlyourtouchy-fellyagecouldconjureup.Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed-byhisadmirers,remember-as“nonjudgmental.”“Unmoralistic.”“Comfortablewithambiguity”

IfeltthewayafriendofminefeltaswelaterwatchedtheunveilingoftheRichmondstatueinasubduedceremony:“Buthe’ssosmall’

ThestatueinRichmondwasindeedsmall;likenearlyeveryLincolnstatueputupinthepasthalfcentury,itwaslife-sizeandwasplacedatgroundlevel,aconsciousrejectionoftheheroic-approachableandhuman,yes,butnotsomethingtolookupto.

TheRichmondepisodetaughtmethatAmericanshavelostthelanguagetoexplainLincoln’sgreatnesseventoourselves.EarliergenerationssaidtheywantedtheirchildrentobelikeLincoln:principled,kind,

Compassionate,resolute.TodaywewantLincolntobelikeus.

HishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage.We'vehadLincolnashumoristandLincolnasmanic-depressive,Lincolnthebusinesssage,theconservativeLincolnandtheliberalLincolntheemancipatorandtheracistthestoicphilosopher,theChristian.Theatheist-LincolnovereasyandLincolnscrambled.

What'softenmissing,though,isthetimelessLincoln,theLincolnwhomallgenerations,ourownnolessthanthatof1909,canlayclaimto.Luckyforus,thosememorializesfromacenturyago—andthroughthem.Lincolnhimself-haveleftusahintofwheretofindhim.

TheLincolnMemorialisthemostvisitedofourpresidentialmonuments.HereiswherewefindtheLincolnwhoendures:inthewordsheleftus,definingthecountrywe'veinherited.HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus.

1.Theauthorthinksthatthisyear’scelebrationisinadequateandevenhalfheartedbecause（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatreallymakesthe1909celebrationsdifferentfromthisyear's?

3.Intheauthor'sopinionthecounter-conference（

）

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theimageofLincolnconceivedbycontemporarypeople（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheimplicationofthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.noLincolnstatuewillbeunveiled.

B.nomemorialcoinswillbeissued.

C.nosimilarappreciationofLincolnwillbeseen.

D.noactivitiescanbecomparedtothosein1909.

問題2選項

A.Respectforgreatpeopleandtheirinfluence.

B.Varietyandmagnitudeofcelebrationactivities.

C.StructuresconstructedinmemoryofLincoln.

D.TemporalproximitytoLincoln’spresidency.

問題3選項

A.rectifiedthejudgmentbythosecarefullyselectedscholars.

B.offeredabrandnewreassessmentperspective.

C.cameupwithsomewhatfavorableconclusions.

D.resultedinsimilardisparagingremarksonLincoln.

問題4選項

A.conformstotraditionalimages.

B.reflectsthepresent-daytendencyofworship.

C.showsthepresent-daydesiretoemulateLincoln.

D.revealsthevarietyofcurrentopinionsonheroes.

問題5選項

A.Lincoln’sgreatnessremainsdespitethepassageoftime.

B.Thememorialissymbolicofthegreatman’sachievements.

C.EachgenerationhasitsowninterpretationofLincoln.

D.PeoplegettoknowLincolnthroughmemorializers.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段,接下來一段將今年的慶祝活動與1909年100年紀念的時候相比較”。也就是200周年的紀念一點都比不上1909年的。A和B項都含在了D項中，C項不客觀。

2.細節(jié)題。今年和1909年紀念活動的區(qū)別深層次的原因，出現(xiàn)在第四、第五段中：第4段第一句：thecelebrantsin1909hadafewinspirationswelacktoday;第5段第一句：ButAmericansin1909hadsomethingmore.可以看出現(xiàn)今的人所缺少的inspirations和somethingmore即A選項中提到的“對偉人和他們的影響的尊敬”。

3.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第8段:令作者更加失望的是隨后針對該批判會展開的學者會議。這一會議把林肯描述成了“不急于下判斷、不道德、模棱兩可”。

4.推斷題。倒數(shù)第二段中指出:writershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage(各路作家們呈現(xiàn)出了以他們的想法創(chuàng)造出來的林肯),因此D項(林肯在人們心目中各不相同)正確。

5.推斷題。在倒數(shù)第二段中列出了林肯在世人的各種形象后，作者說缺少一個timelessLincoln（永恒的林肯）,因此推測A項Lincoln'sgreatnessremainsdespitethepassageoftime(林肯的偉大不隨著時間的消逝而消失)比較符合作者暗含的意思。

12.單選題

Certainspeciesdisappearedorbecame（）asnewformsarosethatwerebetteradaptedtotheEarth’schangingenvironment.

問題1選項

A.feeble

B.extinct

C.massive

D.extinguished

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項feeble“微弱的，無力的”，B項extinct“滅絕的，絕種的”，C項massive“大量的，巨大的”，D項extinguished“熄滅的”。根據(jù)關鍵詞species（物種），可猜測空格部分應該表示“滅絕”。句意：隨著更能適應地球環(huán)境變化的新物種的出現(xiàn)，某些物種消失或滅絕。故該題選擇B項正確。

13.單選題

ThehistoryofLi’scareertookitsspecialcoursebecauseitoccurredattheendofimperialtimes,wheninstitutionalproblemsoftraditionalChinesehistorybecame（）newelementsbroughtinbytheimpactoftheWest.

問題1選項

A.together

B.separated

C.united

D.mergedwith

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義以及固定搭配辨析。A選項together“新潮的，情緒穩(wěn)定的”；B選項separated“分開的，分居”；C選項united“一致的，統(tǒng)一的”；D選項mergedwith“與……結(jié)合；與……聯(lián)合”。mergedwith與……融合，結(jié)合，由題干可知，中國傳統(tǒng)以及西方新元素會產(chǎn)生融合。排除A選項，B選項；空格處前是become，后面是newelements，賓語，根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)，不能直接在空格處加入形容詞，代入C選項無法組成完整的句子，不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處填入的詞應和become一起構(gòu)成謂語。句意：當中國傳統(tǒng)歷史的體制問題與在西方影響下引入的新元素相……時，由于處于帝國時期的末期，李的職業(yè)歷史便走向了一條特殊的道路。因此D選項正確。

14.單選題

Safetydevices（

）inpreventingaccidentsintheworkshop.

問題1選項

A.assist

B.assure

C.assemble

D.contribute

【答案】A

【解析】句意:安全設備有助于防止車間出事故。

考查動詞辨析。Assist幫助,促進,assistindoingsth.協(xié)助做某事;assure保證,擔保;assemble集合,聚集,裝配;contribute貢獻,出力。因此A符合句意。

15.單選題

Forsometimenow,therehasbeena（）positionamonghigh-levelpolicymakerscallingforevidence-basedpracticesintheUnitedStatesandoverseas.

問題1選項

A.widedisseminating

B.widedisseminated

C.widelydisseminating

D.widelydisseminated

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題意，空格應該為名詞position“工作”的定語，因為disseminate和position之前存在被動關系，表示“被傳播的工作”，所以選用-ed分詞作定語，表被動。副詞修飾動詞，所以選用widely“廣泛地”。選項D符合題意。

16.單選題

Thespeaker______uswithtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure.

問題1選項

A.detour

B.offset

C.tantalized

D.ushered

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.detour繞行，繞道B.offset抵消，彌補；襯托出

C.tantalized逗弄；令人干著急D.ushered引導；招待；迎接

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)withtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure（講述異國風情和埋藏寶藏的故事）可知，這個演講者是通過講故事來逗樂我們，C項詞義符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。

【句意】演講者講了許多關于異國他鄉(xiāng)和埋藏寶藏的故事，把我們逗樂了。

17.單選題

Studentswhogetveryhighmarkswillbe（）fromthefinalexamination.

問題1選項

A.expelled

B.banished

C.absolved

D.ousted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。expel“驅(qū)逐，開除”；banish“流放，放逐”；absolve“宣布免除”；oust“剝奪，取代，驅(qū)逐”。句意：得高分的學生可免除期末考試。選項C符合題意。

18.單選題

Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

問題1選項

A.confession

B.identification

C.acknowledgement

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。confession“坦白，供認”；identification“鑒定；身份證”；acknowledgement“承認，確認”；compliment“贊美”。句意：盡管女性文化的重要性成為統(tǒng)一承認的事情，但是在世界的許多國家，教育仍然是許多女性的夢想。選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey（

）toviolenceinordertoescape.

問題1選項

A.proceed

B.appeal

C.resort

D.incline

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。proceed“開始”；appeal“呼吁，請求”；resort“訴諸”；incline“傾向”。句意：通常，動物只有在他們受困想要逃跑的情況下才會采取攻擊行為。選項C符合題意。

20.單選題

SincetheGreatDepressionof1929mostcountries（）.

問題1選項

A.hasmakingasuccessfulrecovery

B.hadmadeasuccessfulrecovery

C.hasmadeasuccessfulrecovery

D.havemadeasuccessfulrecovery

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查時態(tài)。since表示“自從”時，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。句意：自1929年的大蕭條以來，大多數(shù)國家都成功地實現(xiàn)了復蘇。因此，D選項符合句意。

21.單選題

Journalistsusuallyrefertowhattheywriteasstories.Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories.Thisdoesnotapplyonlytoreportersbuttoeverybodyintheeditorialchain,fromdeskeditors,copyeditors,specialistandsportswriterstotheeditorhimorherself.Wordspublishedinnewspapers,onairoronlinearestories.

Storiessoundinteresting;reportssounddull.Tosome,storiesmeanfiction:"Tellmeastory,mummy”.Storiesaretallandshort,madeupandtrue.Truestoriesareaboutwhathappened.Wetellstoriesinconversation,recountingexperiencesandeventsinwhichwetookpartorobserve.Thecrucialthingaboutastoryisthatotherpeoplewanttohearit,becauseitisinterestingorentertaining.Otherwisethestorytellerisabore.

Sojournalistswritestoriesfortheirreaderstotellthemwhatisgoingon,toinformthem,engagethem,entertainthem,shockthem,amusethem,disturbthem,upliftthem.Thesubjectmatterwillvaryaccordingtothenatureofthepublicationandtheintendedaudience.Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices.Andthepaperwillincludethatvitalingredientserendipity-thestoryyoudidn’texpect,the"justfancythat",theabsurditiesaswellasthetravailsofthehumancondition.

Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.Itisaboutfindingthingsoutandtellingotherpeopleaboutthem.Thefindingoutrequiresavarietyofskillsbecausethoseinpoweroftenpreferthatweknowonlysomuch.Journalismisaboutholdingsuchpeopletoaccount,exposingtheirhumbugandhypocrisy,theabuseoftheirpower.Thisincludesthecontrolitgivesthemovertheflowofinformation,theabilitytoburythebadnews,tospinandobfuscate.Goodjournalistsmustasktheawkwardquestionsandquestiontheanswers,mustdigtounearthandthenexplain,makingcomprehensiblethatwhichauthority,byintentorverbalinadequacy,hasleftconfused,incompleteorplainmendacious.Incomprehensiblejournalismisquitesimplybadjournalism,andthereforepointless.

Ultimatelythereisonlyonepurpose:tomakethereaderreadthestory.Iftheydon't,whatwasthepointoffindingitoutandtellingit?Thisbookletpicksupthestorywhenthereaderhasreachedthestageofdecidingtoaddressthestory.Thatisnotthesameasreadingit,orevenreadingacertainamountofit.Theyhavejustreachedthefirstword,perhapsattractedbythepicture,theextractedquote,oranyoftheotherpresentationaldevicesusedtodragthereadertothestory.Wehavereachedthestagewherethereaderisgoingtosubjectthestorytothefinaltest,readingsomeorallofin.Thisisaboutwriting.

Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.Itisselective,doesnotinvolvecommitmenttothewhole.Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper.Thenewspaperreader,unlikethereaderofthemoreliterarynovel,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour.Heorshewillnotreadasentenceorparagraphasecondtimetobeclearaboutwhatisbeingsaid.Confusion,moreoftenthannot,willmeanabandoningthestoryaltogetherandmovingon.Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting.Manyyoungpeoplethinktheywouldliketobejournalistsbecausetheyhave"alwayslovedwriting”orstartedwritingpoemswhentheywereeight.Itiscertainlynotenoughandmaywellbeabarriertosuccessinjournalism.ThelateNicholasTomalinfamouslywrotethat"theonlyqualitiesessentialforrealsuccessinjournalismarerat-likecunning,aplausiblemanner,andalittleliteraryability."Heincludedwriting,butheplaceditthirdandprefaceditwithadiminutive.Thewritingmatters;butdon'tthinkofitasart.Thinkofitasworkingwriting,writingdoingajob,writingthatputsacrossinformationinawaythatmakesreaderswanttoabsorbit.

Atatimewhenthevastmajorityofentrantstojournalismhavedegrees—welcomebecausejournalisminacomplexworldisanintellectualpursuititisworthpointingoutthatwritingfornewspapersisalsoverydifferentfromtheacademicwritingofstudentessays.Notimetoproducearoutemapfortheessayandreachthepointsomewhereneartheend;thejournalistmustgrabtheattentionatonce.

Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengagingly,sothatreaderswillkeepreading;toexplainsothatallthereadersunderstand,andwantto.Thisisthetaskthewritingjournalisthas.

1.Whichofthefollowingismostlyusedbyjournaliststodescribethepiecestheywrite?

2.Whatshouldagoodnewspapereditordoaccordingtothetext?

3.ThequoteofNicholasTomalinisusedtoexpressthat（）

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweennewspaperreadingandbookreading?

5.Whatisthefinalpurposeforjournalisticwritingaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Reports.

B.Stories.

C.Articles.

D.Pieces.

問題2選項

A.Findthingsoutandtellreadersaboutthem.

B.Grabtheattentionatonce.

C.Catertoreaders’interestsandpreoccupations.

D.Controltheflowofinformation.

問題3選項

A.Journalisticwritingisdifferentfromwritingasanart.

B.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengaginglyforreaderstokeepreading.

C.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.

D.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.

問題4選項

A.Contentsareselectedinnewspapers.

B.Lesstimeisspentreadinganewspaper.

C.Newspaperreadersareexpectedtoinvesteffortintheendeavour.

D.Newspaperreadersgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

問題5選項

A.Makingreadersspendmoretimereadinganewspaper.

B.Connectingreaderswithgovernments.

C.Makingreadersreadthestory.

D.Explaininginawaysothatallthereadersunderstand.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.事實細節(jié)題。第一段指出“Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories”，不是文章或報告，偶爾的作品是故事。由此可知B項“故事”正確。

第2題:2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞定位至第三段“Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices”，一位好的報紙編輯要有明確的概念，即：什么樣的人會讀報紙，要迎合讀者的興趣，抓住讀者的注意力，有時可能要關注他們的偏見。因此C項“迎合讀者的興趣，抓住讀者的注意力”正確。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。對NicholasTomalin所述的引用在第七段，第七段的主題句是“Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting”，所以新聞寫作不同于創(chuàng)意寫作。此后的每句都是在論證這一主題句，因此A項“新聞寫作不同于創(chuàng)意寫作”正確。

第4題:4.事實細節(jié)題。A:報紙上的內(nèi)容是選擇性的。第六段指出“Itisselective”，它是選擇性的，因此A項正確。B：讀報所花的時間更少。根據(jù)“Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper”可知B項正確。C：報紙讀者應該在這方面努力。根據(jù)“Thenewspaperreader,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour”，看報的人并不需要投入太多的精力，因此C項與原文不符。D：報紙讀者偏愛故事，而不喜歡從頭到尾讀。根據(jù)“Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough”，許多讀報者只是略讀，僅僅粗略看看故事而不是精讀，因此D項正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。文章講述了新聞寫作的特點與要求。因為看報者通常會花較少的時間瀏覽報紙各版面，所以新聞作品要迎合讀者口味，吸引他們的注意力。故本題選A項“讓讀者花費更多的時間去閱讀報紙”。

22.單選題

Thecarpetlooksbeautifulbutcannot（）thewearandtearofcontinualuse.

問題1選項

A.standupfor

B.standupto

C.standwellwith

D.standupwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項standupfor“支持，堅持”；B選項standupto“經(jīng)得起，抵抗，勇敢地面對”；C選項standwellwith“得……寵信；得某人好感，好評”；D選項standupwith“給……當儐相，陪伴”。句意：地毯看起來很漂亮，但（）不斷使用的磨損。這個句子要表達的意思是“但是經(jīng)不起不斷使用的磨損”，因此B選項符合題意。

23.單選題

Inprotest,blacksand（）whitessatatthecountersoftheserestaurantsandrefusedtomoveuntiltheywereserved.

問題1選項

A.sensible

B.indifferent

C.influential

D.sympathetic

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。sensible"明智的,合情理的";indifferent"不關心的,冷淡的,中立的";influential"有影響的,有權勢的";sympathetic"同情的，贊同的"。句意：在抗議活動中,黑人和那些支持抗議行為的白人坐在餐館的柜臺上,拒絕離開，直到他們得到服務。選項D符合句意。

24.單選題

Thecontributiongenesmaketointelligenceincreasesaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainstthe

notionthatmostpeopleholdthatasweage，environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegenetic

legacywearebomwithandmayhaveimplicationsforeducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluence

goesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,”saysRobert

Plomin.“Whatwefoundwasquiteamazing,andgoesintheotherdirection.”

Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceareatleastpartlyduetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin’steampooleddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutintheUS,theUK,AustraliaandtheNetherlands,involvingatotalof11,000pairsoftwins.Inthesestudies,theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,logicandarithmeticstomeasureaquantitycalledgeneralcognitiveability,or“G”.Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwins,sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibletodistinguishthecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.

Plomin’steamcalculatedthatinchildhood,genesaccountforabout41percentofthevariationin

intelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent；byyoungadolescence,itwas66percent.Nooneknowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrenget

older，theybecomebetteratexploitingandmanipulatingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,

andsays“KidswithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttofostertheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriends

whoarelike-minded.”ChildrenwithmediumtolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesand

activities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.

Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps.“Theevidenceofstrongheritabilitydoesn’t

meanatallthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit，”saysSusanneJaeggi，“Fromourownwork,the

onesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhighergainsaftertraining.’’

Plominsuggeststhatgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeingtailoredtochildren’snaturalabilities.“Myinclinationwouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend,”hesays.IntelligenceresearcherPaulThompsonagrees:“Itshowsthateducatorsneedtosteerkidstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.”

1.Whatisthecommonnotionthatpeopleholdaboutgenes?

2.ThestudybyPlomin’steamaimstofindout(

)

3.Fromtheexperimentwithtwins,Plomin’steamdrawsaconclusionthat(

).

4.Theword“pattern”inparagraphfourisclosestinmeaningto(

).

5.WhichofthefollowingmightPlomin’steamleastagreeto?

問題1選項

A.Humanscandolittletochangethegeneticdifferencesbetweenpeople.

B.Geneticinfluencebecomesstrongerwhenpeoplereceiveeducation.

C.Genescontributemoretoone’sintelligencethanenvironmentalfactors.

D.Environmentalfactorslessentheinfluenceofgenesonone’sintelligence.

問題2選項

A.whethervariationsinintelligencearecausedbygeneticdifferences

B.howtooverpowergeneticfactorswithneweducationalapproaches

C.whethergeneticcontributiontoone’sintelligencevarieswithage

D.therelationshipbetweenenvironmentandgenes

問題3選項

A.geneticcontributionincreaseswhenonegrowsolder

B.geneticinfluencedecreaseswhenageincreases

C.environmenthasmoreimpactonfraternaltwinsthanidenticaltwins

D.itremainsamysteryhowgenesandenvironmentco-influencepeople

問題4選項

A.cognitiveability

B.strongheritability

C.geneticlegacy

D.challengingpastimes

問題5選項

A.Anidenticalcurriculumtoschoolchildren.

B.AdifferentiatedcoursedesigntochildrenwithvariedIQ.

C.MoreeffortdirectedatchildrenwithmediumorlowG.

D.Educationtailoredtochildren’snaturalabilities.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。題干：人們對基因的普遍看法是什么？由第一段第二句中的“asweage，environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacywearebomwithandmayhaveimplicationsforeducation”可知大多數(shù)人認為，隨著年齡增長，“environmentalinfluence環(huán)境影響”將逐漸大于“geneticlegacy基因遺傳”。因此選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)題。題干：Plomin的研究小組的目的是找出______。根據(jù)關鍵詞“Plomin’steam”定位到第二段第二句，往前有“Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage”可知他們的目的是找出基因貢獻是否隨著年齡增長而增加。因此選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)推理題。題干：從雙胞胎的實驗中，Plomin的團隊得出了一個結(jié)論_______。第二段最后提到了雙胞胎實驗，第三段開頭講到實驗結(jié)論“Plomin’steamcalculatedthat…”，第三句中“Nooneknowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage”可推出實驗結(jié)論就是基因影響隨著年齡的增長而增加。因此選項A符合題意。

4.詞義推測題。題干：第四段中的“pattern”最接近_______。定位點在第四段第一句，因此答案需往前文第三段找。第三段中，Plomin認為G較高的孩子會利用環(huán)境培養(yǎng)自己的認知能力并選擇志同道合的朋友；而G較低的孩子可能會選擇不那么有挑戰(zhàn)的娛樂和活動，進而強化了他們的基因遺傳。可知這里說的“pattern”就是孩子們認知能力的發(fā)展。因此選項A符合題意。

5.細節(jié)題。題干：下面哪個選項可能是Plomin的團隊最不同意的？由本文最后一段可知，Plomin的團隊認為應該進行差異化教育，對于G中低等的孩子應投入更多精力。因此選項A符合題意。

25.單選題

GrandmaMosesisamongthemostcelebratedtwentiethcenturypaintersoftheUnitedStates,yetshehadbarelystartedpaintingbeforeshewasinherlateseventies.Assheoncesaidofherself:“Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme.”Noonecouldhavehadamoreproductiveage.

ShewasbornAnnaMaryRobertsononafarminNewYorkState,oneoffiveboysandfivegirls.(“Wecameinbunches,likeradishes.’’)Attwelveshelefthomeandwasindome