考研考博-英語-云南農業(yè)大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南農業(yè)大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

ScientistsbelievethatthereisnotenoughoxygenintheMoon’satmosphereto（）plantlife.

問題1選項

A.adapt

B.personalize

C.sustain

D.describe

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析sustain。意為“維持，保持”，符合句意。

2.單選題

Despitetheirspartan,isolatedlifestyle,therearenostoriesofwomenbeingrapedorwantonviolenceagainstciviliansintheregion.

問題1選項

A.intriguing

B.exasperating

C.demonstrative

D.unprovoked

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，劃線部分詞應該為貶義，首先排除選項A和C；其次如果選B，這里應該指讓人感到憤怒的，用-ed的形式，所以選項B不正確；選項D正確，指無緣無故的，符合語境。

3.單選題

Wecouldnothavesucceeded______yourhelp.

問題1選項

A.butfor

B.without

C.ifithadnotbeenfor

D.alltheabove

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法結構。A項butfor“要不是，如果沒有”，B項without“沒有”，C項ifithadnotbeenfor“若不是因為……的話”，D項alltheabove“以上所有都是”。根據(jù)句子可知，空格處可以表示假設，A項和C項都符合，用來表示對過去的假設；B項也可以用來表示條件，引出虛擬語氣；所以A、B、C三個選項都正確。句意：沒有你的幫助，我們是不可能成功的。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

4.填空題

YourSmartphoneMayBeHurtingYourSleepA)Youloveyoursmartphone,butitmayberuiningyourZZZ’s.Useofthesedevices,especiallynearbedtime,isassociatedwithworsequalityofsleep,accordingtoanewstudy.“Whenwelookedatsmartphoneusearoundthetimewhenparticipantsreportedtheywenttobed,moresmartphoneusearoundthattimeinparticularwasassociatedwithalongertimetofallasleepandworsesleepqualityduringthenight,”saidDr.GregoryMarcus,authorofthestudyandanassociateprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.HisresearchwaspublishedWednesdayinthejournalPLOSOne.

B)Theword“crack-berry”becamepopularroughlyadecadeagotodescribetheaddictivequalityofBlackBerrydevices—arguablythefirstreallysuccessfulsmartphones.Today,almosteveryoneisasmartphonejunkie,standingwithheadbowedwhilewaitingforatrainorinlineatthepostoffice.

C)Knowingthatsmartphoneusehasincreasedtogetherwithsleepdeprivationrates,Marcusandhiscolleaguesdecidedtoinvestigatewhetherthetwomightberelated.Toanswerthisquestion,heusedexitinginformationcollectedbyanInternet-basedstudyhestartedinMarch2016.

D)“HealthE-Heart,”whichwasfundedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealthisdesignedtostudycardiovascularhealth.Anyone18yearsofageoroldercanenrollinHealthE-Heart,co-foundedbyDrs.MarkPletcherandJeffreyOlgin,professorsatUCSF.Aftersigningaconsentform,enrolledparticipantsself-reporttheirhealthdataviaaseriesofonlinequestionnaires.Theinformationisgathered,analyzedandusedtoresearchanddevelopstrategiestopreventandtreatallaspectsofheartdisease.

E)About80,000participantshaveenrolledinHealthE-Heart,Marcussaid.“We’vehadpeoplefromeverystateintheUS,lotsofpeoplefromeverystate,andweactuallyhavepeoplefrom50countries.”Marcusandhisco-foundersalsomakethedataavailabletootherscientistsconductingunrelatedstudies.Forthenewsmartphonestudy,Marcusmadeuseofthiswealthofinformationtoconducthisown“sub-study”.

F)OfthetotalHealthE-Heartenrollees,653peoplechosetoparticipateinandcompletethenewsmartphone-sleepstudy.Participantsinstalledanappontheirphonestoautomaticallyrecordthetotalnumberofminutesineachhourthescreenwasturnedon(totalscreentime)duringa30-dayperiod.TheseparticipantshadalreadyreportedtheirsleephoursandsleepqualityusingavalidatedquestionnaireaspartofthegeneralHealthE-Heartexperience,Marcusexplained.So,whenansweringthesleepassessmentquestions,participantsalsoentereddemographicdataplusinformationabouttheiralcoholuse,physicalactivity,smokinghabitsandotherhealthissues.Byansweringsomanyquestions,participantswereunawareofwhattheresearcherswerestudying,explainedMarcus:“Wewouldn’texpectanybias.”

G)Analyzingthedata,theresearchersdiscoveredthat,onaverage,participantsusedtheirsmartphonesforatotalof38.4hoursovera30-dayperiod.Individualswithalongeraveragescreentimeweremorelikelytohavepoorersleepqualityandlesssleepoverall:About35%ofthosewhousedtheirsmartphonesforshorteramountsoftimethanaveragehadsleepdifficulties,comparedwith42%ofthosewithaverageorgreaterthanaverageuse.Andpoorqualitysleepwasmorelikelyforparticipantswhousedtheirsmartphonesnearbedtime.

H)Theresearchersdiscoveredthatscreen-timevariesthroughouta24-hourperiod,butmostoccursduringtheday.Yetforsomeparticipants,smartphoneusepeakedduringthenight.“Wecan’texcludethepossibilitythatsomepeoplecan’tsleepforsomecompletelyunrelatedreason,andbecausetheycan’tsleep,they’reusingtheirsmartphone,justtopassthetime,”Marcussaid.

I)Despitepotentialshortcomings,Marcusresearchisinlinewithotherstudiesshowingthattheuseoftechnologynearbedtimeisassociatedwithdifficultysleeping,suchasthe2015NationalSleepFoundationpoll.Otherresearchhasshownthatthebluelightemittedbysmartphones(andotherdigitaldevices)mightsuppressourbody’sproductionofmelatonin,ahormonethatinducestirednessandcontributestothetimingofsleep-wakecycles.“Sothere’ssomebiologicalplausibilitysupportingtheideathatthereisacausalrelationship,butweweren’tabletoidentifythat,”Marcusnoted.

J)“Itisbelievedthatsleepisarestorativeprocessandabasicbiologicneed,”saidDr.NeilKline,asleepphysician,internistandrepresentativeoftheAmericanSleepAssociation.“Whenanimals,includinghumans,aredeprivedofsleep,therearemanybodysystemsthatfail.Notonlydoesourperformance,memoryandattentionspansuffer,ourimmunesystemandendocrinesystemisalsoimpaired.”

K)Thoughmostofthesenegativeeffectshavebeenstudiedexclusivelyinadults,children’ssleepisalsoaffectedbytechnology,accordingtoanunrelatedstudy.LeadauthorBenCarter,aseniorlecturerinbiostatisticsatKing’sCollegeLondon,andhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatforteensandchildren,theuseofcellphones,tabletsandcomputersisassociatedwithlosingsleeptimeandsleepquality.

L)Marcussaidhesuspectsthatsomepeoplemaybeaffectedmorethanothersandoveruseofasmartphoneimpactstheirsleepmorethanitwouldforotherpeople.Hehopestoinvestigatethisquestioninthefuture.Basedonhisresults,hesuggestedthatinsomniacsandothertroubledsleepersshouldavoidlookingattheirscreensforhalfanhourorsobeforegoingtobedtoseewhetherthatmightenhancethequalityoftheirslumber.Headded,“There’salmostcertainlynoharmingivingthatagoodtry.”

11.Ouraddictiontosmartphonesdatesbacktoabouttenyearsago.

_________

12.DatafromHealthE-Heartarecollectedandusedforresearchersintoheartdiseases.

_________

13.ThefindingsofDr.Marcus’sstudyappearedinPLOSOne._________

14.Badsleepersareadvisednottousetheirsmartphoneshalfanhourorsobeforetheygotobed._________

15.Marcusstartedhisresearchbecausehesuspectedtheremightbesomecorrelationbetweensleeplossandsmartphoneuse._________

16.Theuseofdigitaldevicesaffectschildren’ssleeptoo.

_________

17.Tomakesurehisstudywasobjective,Marcusrequiredhissubjectstoprovidemanymoreoftheirlifedetailsthanjustsleephoursandsleepquality.

_________

18.Researchersfoundthosewhospendlongertimeplayingwiththeirsmartphonesaremorelikelytosleepbadly.

_________

19.Marcusconcededthatsomepeopleweresleeplessatnightforreasonsunrelatedtomobilephoneuse.

_________

20.Sleepisourbasicbiologicalneedandlackofitmaycauseourbodyfunctionstodecline._________

【答案】11.B

12.D

13.A

14.L

15.C

16.K

17.F

18.G

19.H

20.J

【解析】11.主旨大意題。題干意思為“我們對智能手機的上癮可以追溯到大約十年前。”文章第二段主要講了自十年前黑莓手機被生產出來之后，人們開始對智能手機上癮，由此可推斷出人們對智能手機的上癮可追溯到大約十年前。因此段落B正確。

12.主旨大意題。題干意思為“來自健康E-Heart的數(shù)據(jù)被收集并用于研究心臟病?！蔽恼露温銬說到“Theinformationisgathered,analyzedandusedtoresearchanddevelopstrategiestopreventandtreatallaspectsofheartdisease.（這些信息被收集、分析并用于研究和制定預防和治療心臟病各個方面的策略。）”，其中“這些信息”指來自健康E-Heart的數(shù)據(jù)，因此段落D正確。

13.主旨大意題。題干意思為“馬庫斯博士的研究結果發(fā)表在《公共科學圖書館（綜合）》雜志上?！蔽恼露温銩說到“HisresearchwaspublishedWednesdayinthejournalPLOSOne.（他的研究發(fā)表在周三的《公共科學圖書館（綜合）》雜志上。）”，該句與題干意思匹配，因此段落A正確。

14.主旨大意題。題干意思為“建議睡眠不好的人不要在睡前半小時左右使用智能手機?！蔽恼露温銵說到“Basedonhisresults,hesuggestedthatinsomniacsandothertroubledsleepersshouldavoidlookingattheirscreensforhalfanhourorsobeforegoingtobedtoseewhetherthatmightenhancethequalityoftheirslumber.（根據(jù)他的研究結果，他建議失眠癥患者和其他睡眠有問題的人應該避免在上床前半小時左右看屏幕，看看這是否能提高他們的睡眠質量。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落L正確。

15.主旨大意題。題干意思為“馬庫斯開始這項研究是因為他懷疑睡眠不足和使用智能手機之間可能存在某種關聯(lián)?！蔽恼露温銫說到“Knowingthatsmartphoneusehasincreasedtogetherwithsleepdeprivationrates,Marcusandhiscolleaguesdecidedtoinvestigatewhetherthetwomightberelated.（了解到智能手機的使用和睡眠不足的比例一起增加，馬庫斯和他的同事們決定調查這兩者是否有關聯(lián)。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落C正確。

16.主旨大意題。題干意思為“數(shù)字設備的使用也會影響兒童的睡眠?！蔽恼露温銴說到“Thoughmostofthesenegativeeffectshavebeenstudiedexclusivelyinadults,children’ssleepisalsoaffectedbytechnology,accordingtoanunrelatedstudy.（盡管大多數(shù)這些負面影響只在成年人身上進行了研究，但另一項不相關的研究表明，兒童的睡眠也受到科技產品的影響。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落K正確。

17.主旨大意題。題干意思為“為了確保他的研究是客觀的，馬庫斯要求他的研究對象提供更多的生活細節(jié)，而不僅僅是睡眠時間和睡眠質量?！倍温銯說到“So,whenansweringthesleepassessmentquestions,participantsalsoentereddemographicdataplusinformationabouttheiralcoholuse,physicalactivity,smokinghabitsandotherhealthissues.（因此，在回答睡眠評估問題時，參與者還輸入了人口統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，以及有關他們的酒精使用、體育活動、吸煙習慣和其他健康問題的信息。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落F正確。

18.主旨大意題。題干意思為“研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，花更長的時間玩智能手機的人更有可能睡眠不好?！蔽恼露温銰說到“Andpoorqualitysleepwasmorelikelyforparticipantswhousedtheirsmartphonesnearbedtime.（睡眠質量差的人更有可能在睡前使用智能手機。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落G正確。

19.主旨大意題。題干意思為“馬庫斯承認，有些人晚上睡不著覺的原因與使用手機無關。”文章段落H說到“Wecan’texcludethepossibilitythatsomepeoplecan’tsleepforsomecompletelyunrelatedreason,andbecausetheycan’tsleep,they’reusingtheirsmartphone,justtopassthetime.（我們不能排除一些人因為完全無關的原因無法入睡的可能性，因為他們無法入睡，所以他們使用智能手機，只是為了打發(fā)時間。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落H正確。

20.主旨大意題。題干意思為“睡眠是我們的基本生理需要，缺乏睡眠可能會導致我們的身體功能下降。”文章段落J說到“Whenanimals,includinghumans,aredeprivedofsleep,therearemanybodysystemsthatfail.（當動物，包括人類，被剝奪睡眠時，許多身體系統(tǒng)會失效。）”，該句與題干意思相匹配，因此段落J正確。

5.翻譯題

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessandwhatitcandoforusnowthanformerly.Summerhomes，Europeanvacations,travel,BMW's—suchitemsdonotseemlessindemandthantheydidadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotadmittheirdreamsaseasilyandopenlyastheyoncecould,lesttheybethoughtofaspushing,acquisitive,andvulgar.Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsooutstanding,theproperactionseemstobe,“Succeedatallcostsbutrefrainfromappearingambitious.”Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles,whileitspublicdefendersarefewandineffective.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandcultivatedintheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsurges,butonlythatsinceitisnolongeropenlyhonored,itisthereforelessoftenopenlyprofessed.Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenundergroundormadedevious.

【答案】當然，相比于從前，人們對于成功以及成功給我們帶來的東西興趣似乎不會減少。人們對避暑別墅、歐洲旅行、旅游、寶馬這類事物的需求相比一二十年前似乎也沒有減少。情況是人們現(xiàn)在不敢簡單公開地像以前那樣承認自己的夢想，怕被認為是急功近利、貪得無厭和庸俗的人。對于這樣的人，或許還有很多不那么優(yōu)秀的人，正確的做法是：不惜一切代價取得成功，但是要避免變得野心勃勃。人們從各個角度對野心有很多批評，但是公開批評者很少，并且顯得很無力。因此，在美國，將雄心看作是一種健康的動力，一種可敬的從年輕就開始培養(yǎng)了的品質，這很少有人支持。這并不意味著雄心已經沒有了，也不意味著人們不再感受到雄心帶來的驅動力，相反地，因為不再公開推崇，那么也不會公開宣揚了。這樣做帶來的結果是，雄心以一種私下看不見的方式驅動著人們。

6.單選題

Thepopularityofthefilmshowsthatthereviewers’fearswerecompletely（）.

問題1選項

A.unjustified

B.unjust

C.misguided

D.unaccepted

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項unjustified表示“不公正的；不必要的”，B選項unjust表示“非正義的”，C選項misguided表示“被誤導的”，D選項unaccepted表示“未被接納的；被拒絕的；不承擔的”。根據(jù)句意可知，這部電影的受歡迎程度表明審核員的擔心是完全沒必要的。因此，A選項最符合原文句意，故本題最佳答案為A選項。

7.單選題

Plantsraisedingreenhousesaretendedmethodicallyinanattempttocreatethebestpossibleconditionsfortheirgrowth.

問題1選項

A.systematically

B.naturally

C.personally

D.lovingly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。methodically表示“有方法地，有系統(tǒng)地”；A項systematically“系統(tǒng)地”，B項naturally“自然地”，C項personally“個人地”，D項lovingly“親切地，鐘愛地”。句意：在溫室里培育的植物受到系統(tǒng)地照料，盡可能為它們的生長創(chuàng)造最好的可能條件。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

8.寫作題

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthenwriteasummaryofitinEnglishinabout120words.Thesummaryyoumakeshoulddemonstrateyourverbalskillsinorganizingtheoriginalinformationandkeepthewordlimit.WriteyoursummaryontheANSWERSHEET.

Developmentsin19thcenturyEuropeareboundedbytwogreatevents.TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeoutin1789,anditseffectsreverberatedthroughoutmuchofEuropeformanydecades.WorldWarⅠbeganin1914.ItsinceptionresultedfrommanytrendsinEuropeansociety,culture,anddiplomacyduringthelate19thcentury.Inbetweentheseboundaries—theoneopeninganewsetoftrends,theotherbringinglong-standingtensionstoahead—muchofmodernEuropewasdefined.

Europeduringthis125-yearspanwasbothunitedanddeeplydivided.Anumberofbasicculturaltrends,includingnewliterarystylesandthespreadofscience,ranthroughtheentirecontinent.Europeanstateswereincreasinglylockedindiplomaticinteraction,culminatingincontinentwidealliancesystemafter1871.Atthesametime,thiswasthecenturyofgrowingnationalism,inwhichindividualstatesjealouslyprotectedtheiridentitiesandindeedestablishedmorerigorousbordercontrolsthaneverbefore.Finally,theEuropeancontinentwastoanextentdividedbetweentwozonesofdifferentialdevelopment.ChangessuchastheIndustrialRevolutionandpoliticalliberalizationspreadfirstandfastestinWesternEurope—Britain,France,theLowCountries,Scandinavia,and,toanextent,GermanyandItaly.EasternandsouthernEurope,moreruralattheoutsetoftheperiod,changedmoreslowlyandinsomewhatdifferentways.

Europewitnessedimportantcommonpatternsandincreasinginterconnections,butthesedevelopmentsmustbeassessedintermsofnation-statedivisionsand,evenmore,oflargerregions,differences.Sometrends,includingtheongoingimpactoftheFrenchRevolution,ranthroughvirtuallytheentire19thcentury.Othercharacteristics,however,hadashorterlifespan.

Somehistoriansprefertodivide19thcenturyhistoryintorelativelysmallchunks.Thus1789-1815isdefinedbytheFrenchRevolutionandNapoleon;1815-48formsaperiodofreactionandadjustment;1848-1871isdominatedbyanewroundofrevolutionandtheunificationsoftheGermanandItaliannations;and1871-1914,anageofimperialism,isshapedbynewkindsofpoliticaldebateandthepressuresthatculminatedinwar.Overridingtheseimportantmarkers,however,asimplerdivisioncanalsobeuseful.Between1789and1849EuropedealtwiththeforcesofpoliticalrevolutionandthefirstimpactoftheIndustrialRevolution.Between1849and1914afullerindustrialsocietyemerged,includingnewformsofstatesandofdiplomaticandmilitaryalignments.Themid-19thcentury,ineitherformulation,loomsasaparticularlyimportantpointoftransitionwithintheextended19thcentury.

【答案】【參考例文】

TheFrenchRevolutionandWorldWarⅠplayedimportantrolesindevelopmentsin19thcenturyEurope.Social,culturalanddiplomaticfactorsformedmodernEurope.From1789to1914,Europespanwasbothunitedanddeeplydivided.Europeanstateswererelativelystableuntil1871.Atthesametime,nationalismappeared.WesternEuropedevelopedfast,whileEasternandSouthernEuropechangedslowly.Duringthisperiod,sometrendslastedforalongtime,suchastheFrenchRevolution,whileothertrendshadashorterlifeofspan.Somehistoriansprefertodivide19thcenturyhistoryintofourchunks:1789-1815,1815-48,1848-1871,1871-1914.Therewasalsoasimplerandusefuldivision:1789-1849and1849-1914.Ineitherformulation,themid-19thcenturyisanimportantpointoftransitionintheEuropeanhistory.

9.單選題

Whenthepartyfinishedat11o’clock,theballoonsmyunclehad（）atourdinnertablehadmostofthemexploded.

問題1選項

A.blownup

B.blownover

C.blownout

D.blownin

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。blowup“吹脹”，本句意為“……叔叔吹脹放在餐桌上的氣球，大部分都爆了”，想要的表達的意思是吹脹的氣球爆了。選項A正確。

10.單選題

Thesupervisordidn’thavetimesofartogointoit（）,buthegaveusanideaabouthisplan.

問題1選項

A.athand

B.inturn

C.inconclusion

D.atlength

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項athand“在手邊，即將到來”；B選項inturn“輪流，依次”；C選項inconclusion“總之，最后”；D選項atlength“詳細地”。句意：導師目前沒有時間進行詳細說明，但他就自己的計劃給了我們一個大概的看法。根據(jù)后半部分的“gaveusanidea”可知，選項D符合語境。

11.單選題

（）,wedrovethehorsesintothestable.

問題1選項

A.Awarethatatornadowasbrewing

B.Becauseatornadobrewing

C.Althoughatornadowasbrewing

D.Atornadowasbrewing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞作狀語辨析。形容詞短語作狀語，相當于“being+形容詞”的分詞短語作狀語。句意：……我們把馬趕到馬廄里。結合句意，A選項“Awarethatatornadowasbrewing”（意識到一場龍卷風正在醞釀）符合題意，可知A選項正確。因此答案為A選項。

12.單選題

（）ofover5%areattractiveifthedollarreallyisgoingtostabilize.

問題1選項

A.Manufactures

B.Yields

C.Creating

D.Receiving

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項Manufactures“產品”；B選項Yields“生產量，收益”；C選項Creating“創(chuàng)造”；D選項Receiving“接受”。句意：如果美元真的要穩(wěn)定下來，超過5%的_____率是有吸引力的。根據(jù)邏輯，前半句講到要穩(wěn)定下來，那么之后說的應該也是“收益率”，因此B選項符合題意。

13.單選題

To___freedomagainsttyranny,ourfatherslaiddowntheserules.

問題1選項

A.ensure

B.guarantee

C.assure

D.fulfill

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項ensure“保證，確保（側重使人相信某個行為或力量產生的結果）；使安全”；B選項guarantee“保證；擔保（指對事物的品質或人的行為及履行義務、義務等承擔責任的保證）”；C選項assure“保證；擔保（側重指消除某人思想上的懷疑或擔心，從而有達到目的的保證感）；使確信；弄清楚”；D選項fulfill“履行；實現(xiàn)；滿足；使結束”。句意：為了___反對暴政的自由，我們的先輩制定了這些規(guī)則。本句側重表達“確保達到反對暴政的自由這一目的”。因此C選項正確。

14.單選題

MissRosemaryAdangwentthroughthecompositioncarefullyto（）allerrorsfromit.

問題1選項

A.eliminate

B.terminate

C.illuminate

D.alleviate

【答案】A

【解析】同形詞辨析題。eliminate“排除；消除”；terminate“結束；終結”；illuminate“照亮”；alleviate“減輕；緩和”，“仔細地瀏覽作文”的目的是“排除錯誤”，符合邏輯，所以此處應該使用動詞eliminate，故正確答案為選項A。句意為：羅斯瑪麗亞當小姐仔細地瀏覽作文，以排除所有錯誤。

15.單選題

Thedaywasbreakingandpeoplebegantogotoworksothemurdererwasunableto（）ofthebody.

問題1選項

A.dispense

B.dispose

C.discard

D.discharge

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項dispense“分配，分發(fā)”；C選項discard“丟棄，拋棄”；D選項discharge“卸貨，放出”。句意：因為天亮了人們開始去上班，所以兇手無法處理尸體。此外，dispose與of為固定搭配，意思是“處置，處理”。所以只有B選項符合。

16.單選題

______thedoorthansomebodystartedknockingonit.

問題1選項

A.Ihadclosednosooner

B.Ihadnosoonerclosed

C.NosoonerhaveIclosed

D.NosoonerIclosed

【答案】B

【解析】考查時間狀語從句。句意：我剛關上門，就有人開始敲門。nosooner…than是固定搭配，意為“一……就……”，引導時間狀語從句，主句用過去完成時，than后面的從句用一般過去時，基本用法為：主語+hadnosoonerdonesth.than+主語+did。因此B選項正確。

17.翻譯題

隨著地球上人口的增加，人類依靠土地資源生存變得越來越困難。土地的總量是有限的。雖然使用拖拉機等機械和施用化肥可以提高農業(yè)產量，但是土地最終所能產出的糧食只有那么多，不會再增加。隨著人口越來越多，人類的消耗也越來越多。很明顯，地球上某些地區(qū)人口已經飽和；在這其中的許多地區(qū)，未來的人口增長肯定會帶來更多的貧窮和苦難。然而，富裕國家的人們所使用的自然資源的比例，如糧食和能源，則遠大于貧窮國家的人們，他們毫無節(jié)制地使用在另一方面會造成資源的巨大浪費。

【答案】AsthenumberofpeopleonEarthincreases,itbecomesincreasinglydifficultforthepopulationtosurviveontheresourcesoftheland.Theamountoflandislimited.Althoughagriculturalproductioncanbeincreasedbyuseofmachinerysuchastractorsandtheadditionoffertilizer,thelandultimatelycanproduceonlysomuchfoodandnomore.Asthehumanpopulationgrows,peopleconsumemore.Clearly,somelocationsonEarthalreadyhavetoomanypeople,inmanyoftheseareas,futureincreaseswillsurelybringaboutmorepovertyandsuffering.Yetpeopleinrichnationsuseproportionallyfarmoreoftheavailableresourcesthanpeopleinpoorernations.Astheyconsumetheseresourceswithoutrestraint,theyalsowastelargeamountsofthem.

18.單選題

Thetwopaintingsbythegreatartistembodythe（

）styleofthetimesandtheimpulsesthatwouldtransformChinesecontemporaryart.

問題1選項

A.iconoclastic

B.heterodoxy

C.recluse

D.phantasmal

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。iconoclastic打破舊習的；偶像破壞的；heterodoxy異端，異端邪說；recluse隱居的；phantasmal幻影的；幽靈的；空想的。句意：這位偉大的藝術家所作的這兩幅畫體現(xiàn)了這個時代（

）風格和將徹底改變中國當代藝術的沖動。由theimpulsesthatwouldtransformChinesecontemporaryart.這句中的transformChinesecontemporaryart“徹底改變中國當代藝術”可知空格處所填單詞應具有打破舊習的意思，故答案為A。

19.單選題

Thestudentshavelauncheda(n)（）tofightagainstcheatingonexams.

問題1選項

A.action

B.activity

C.campaign

D.behavior

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.action行動；行為過程B.activity（事情發(fā)生或發(fā)展的）狀況；（忙碌或積極的）行為；行動

C.campaign（為取得某目的而組織的）活動，運動D.behavior行為，舉止

【答案】C

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句句意“反對考試作弊”可知，launcheda(n)______表示的是“發(fā)起了一場運動”，且launchacampaign為固定搭配，意為“發(fā)起運動”，所以該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。

【句意】學生們發(fā)起了一場反對考試作弊的運動。

20.單選題

AbullgrazesondrywheathusksinLogan,Kansas,oneoftheregionshitbytherecorddroughtthathasaffectedmorethanhalfoftheUSandisexpectedtodriveupfoodprices.

Leadingwaterscientistshaveissuedoneofthesternestwarningsyetaboutglobalfoodsupplies,sayingthattheworld’spopulationmayhavetoswitchalmostcompletelytoavegetariandietoverthenext40yearstoavoidcatastrophicshortages.

Adoptingavegetariandietisoneoptiontoincreasetheamountofwateravailabletogrowmorefoodinanincreasinglyclimate-unstableworld,thescientistssaid.Animalprotein-richfoodconsumes5to10timesmorewaterthanavegetariandiet.Onethirdoftheworld’sarablelandisusedtogrowcropstofeedanimals.Otheroptionstofeedpeopleincludeeliminatingwasteandincreasingtradebetweencountriesinfoodsurplusandthoseindeficit.

“900millionpeoplealreadygohungryand2millionpeoplearemalnourishedinspiteofthefactthatpercapitafoodproductioncontinuestoincrease.”theysaid.“With70%ofallavailablewaterbeinginagriculture,growingmorefoodtofeedanadditional2billionpeopleby2050willplacepressureonavailablewaterandland.”

ThereportisbeingreleasedatthestartoftheannualworldwaterconferenceinStockholm,Sweden,where2,500politicians,UNbodies,non-governmentalgroupsandresearchersfrom120countriesmeettoaddressglobalwatersupplyproblems.

Competitionforwaterbetweenfoodproductionandotheruseswillintensifypressureonessentialresources,thescientistssaid.“TheUNpredictsthatwemustincreasefoundproductionby70%bymid21thcentury.Thiswillplaceadditionalpressureonour‘alreadystressedwaterresources’atatimewhenwealsoneedtoallocatemorewatertosatisfyglobalenergydemand…whichisexpectedtorise60%overthecoming30years—andtogenerateelectricityforthe1.3billionpeoplecurrentlywithoutit”saidthereport.

Overeating,undernourishmentandwasteareallontheriseandincreasedfoodproductionmayfacefutureconstraintsfromwaterscarcity.

“Wewillneedanewrecipetofeedtheworldinthefuture,”saidthereport’seditor,AndersJagerskog.

AseparatereportfromtheInternationalWaterManagementInstitute(IWMI)saidthebestwayforcountriestoprotectmillionsoffarmersfromfoodinsecurityinsub-SaharanAfricaandsouthAsiawastohelptheminvestinsmallpumpsandsimpletechnology,ratherthantodevelopexpensive,large-scaleirrigationprojects.

“Farmeracrossthedevelopingworldareincreasinglyrelyingonandbenefitingfromsmall-scale,locally-relevantwatersolutions.Thesetechniquescouldincreaseyieldsupto300%andaddtensofbillionsofUSdollarstohouseholdrevenuesacrosssubSaharanAfricaandsouthAsia,”SaidDr.ColinChartres,thedirectorgeneral.

56.Whatcanbeinferredfromthewaterscientists’warning?

57.Whatdothescientistssaycanbedonetoincreasefoodsupply?

58.Accordingtothewaterscientists’report,______.

59.Inregardtotheproblemofwatersupply,scientistsbelieve______.

60.WhatdoestheIWMIsayisthebestsolutiontofoodinsecurityinsub-SaharanAfricaandsouthAsia?

問題1選項

A.TherecorddroughtforceshalfoftheUStogohungry.

B.TherecorddroughtdrivesupfoodpricesintheUS.

C.Severefoodshortagemayhappenwithoutpropermeasures.

D.Avegetariandietistheonlyoptiontoavoiddisastrousshortages.

問題2選項

A.Growmoreanimalprotein-richfood.

B.Turnpasturesintoarablelands.

C.Promotetradebetweencountriesself-sufficientinfood.

D.Increasetheamountofwaterforfoodproduction.

問題3選項

A.percapitafoodproductionhasbeenincreasing

B.reducedfoodsupplywillmakemorepeoplemalnourished

C.70%ofwaterwillbeusedtofeed2billionpeopleby2050

D.researchersbegintoseeksolutionstotacklewaterproblem

問題4選項

A.morewatershouldbeallocatedtosatisfyenergydemand

B.foodproductionmustbeincreasedto70%bymid-century

C.energydemandwillintensifypressureonwaterresources

D.electricitygenerationmustbeincreasedby60%30yearslater

問題5選項

A.Applyingsmallpumpsandsimpletechnology.

B.Launchinglarge-scaleirrigationprojects.

C.Increasethelocalhouseholdrevenues.

D.Investinginanewexpensiveirrigationproject.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】56.推理判斷題。題干意思是“從水科學家的警告中可以推斷出什么？”。根據(jù)第二段Leadingwaterscientistshaveissuedoneofthesternestwarningsyetaboutglobalfoodsupplies,sayingthattheworld’spopulationmayhavetoswitchalmostcompletelytoavegetariandietoverthenext40yearstoavoidcatastrophicshortages.（主要的水科學家發(fā)布了迄今為止關于全球食物供應最嚴厲的警告之一，他們說，為了避免災難性的食物短缺，世界人口可能不得不在未來40年幾乎完全轉向素食）可推斷，如果不采取措施，人們就將面臨食物短缺的問題；故C項“如果不采取適當措施，可能會發(fā)生嚴重的食物短缺”符合題意。A項“創(chuàng)紀錄的干旱迫使一半的美國人挨餓”，文章只提到創(chuàng)世紀的干旱影響了美國一半以上的地區(qū)將提高食品價格，并沒有明確提及挨餓；B項“創(chuàng)紀錄的干旱抬高了美國的食品價格”，不只是美國，世界的食品價格將會提高；D項“素食是避免嚴重短缺的唯一選擇”表述太絕對，素食只是其中一種辦法。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

57.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“科學家們說可以做些什么來增加食物供應？”。根據(jù)第三段第一句Adoptingavegetariandietisoneoptiontoincreasetheamountofwateravailabletogrowmorefoodinanincreasinglyclimate-unstableworld,thescientistssaid.（科學家們說，在一個氣候日益不穩(wěn)定的世界里，采用素食是增加水資源利用率以種植更多糧食的一種選擇）可知，可以通過增加用于食物生產的水資源來增加食物供應，D項“增加糧食生產用水”正確。第三段第二句提到Animalprotein-richfoodconsumes5to10timesmorewaterthanavegetariandiet.（富含動物蛋白質的食物比素食多消耗5到10倍的水）可知，A項“種植更多富含動物蛋白質的食物”錯誤；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Onethirdoftheworld’sarablelandisusedtogrowcropstofeedanimals.（世界上三分之一的可耕地被用來種植喂養(yǎng)動物的作物）可知，把可耕地變?yōu)槟翀鲆彩沁x擇之一，B項“把牧場變成可耕地”錯誤；第三段最后一句提到Otheroptionstofeedpeopleincludeeliminatingwasteandincreasingtradebetweencountriesinfoodsurplusandthoseindeficit.（養(yǎng)活人民的其他選擇包括消除浪費和增加糧食盈余國家和糧食赤字國家之間的貿易），可知C項“促進糧食自給自足國家之間的貿易”也不正確。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

58.細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)水科學家的報告，……”。根據(jù)第四段第一句900millionpeoplealreadygohungryand2millionpeoplearemalnourishedinspiteofthefactthatpercapitafoodproductioncontinuestoincrease（盡管人均糧食產量繼續(xù)增加，但已有9億人在挨餓，200萬人營養(yǎng)不良）可知，A項“人均糧食產量一