考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission（FTC.proposedaddinga"donottrack"（DNT）optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance（DAA.agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftsetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhuge'sellingpointforwindows8-thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle'sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?

1.Paragraph1suggeststhat“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto（）.

2.“Theindustry”（Line5,Para.3）refersto（）.

3.TheauthorholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault（）.

4.AccordingtoParagraph6,（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.easecompetitionamongthemselves

B.avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

C.providebetteronlineservices

D.lowertheiroperationalcosts

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.onlineadvertisers

B.e-commerceconductors

C.digitalinformationanalysis

D.internetbrowserdevelopers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.maycutthenumberofjunkads

B.failstoaffecttheadindustry

C.maynotbenefitconsumers

D.goesagainsthumannature

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose

B.advertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT

C.DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers

D.advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.indulgence

B.skepticism

C.appreciation

D.understanding

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.有句老話說(shuō)，所有廣告預(yù)算的一半都浪費(fèi)了——問題是，沒人知道是哪一半。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，至少在理論上，這個(gè)比例可以大大降低。通過觀察人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上搜索、點(diǎn)擊和發(fā)言的內(nèi)容，公司可以針對(duì)那些最有可能購(gòu)買的人投放“行為”廣告。由此可知行為廣告能降低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.詞義題。由第三段第一句話“InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission（FTC.proposedaddinga"donottrack"（DNT）optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.2010年12月，美國(guó)聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)（FTC.提議在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器中增加“禁止追蹤”（DNT）選項(xiàng)，這樣用戶就可以告訴廣告商他們不希望被跟蹤?！币约啊癐nFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance（DAA.agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.”今年2月，聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)和數(shù)字廣告聯(lián)盟（DAA.一致認(rèn)為，該行業(yè)將著手應(yīng)對(duì)DNT請(qǐng)求。由上文可知FTC以及IE等同意在瀏覽器中增加DNT選項(xiàng)，故theindustry就是指代上文提到的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器。

3.判斷推理題。由第五段“Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.目前尚不清楚廣告客戶將如何回應(yīng)。獲得DNT信號(hào)并不意味著任何人都必須停止跟蹤，盡管一些公司已經(jīng)承諾這樣做。由于無(wú)法判斷用戶是真的反對(duì)行為性廣告，還是堅(jiān)持使用微軟的默認(rèn)設(shè)置，一些企業(yè)可能會(huì)忽略DNT信號(hào)，繼續(xù)按下按鈕。據(jù)此可知在網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器中增加DNT選項(xiàng)并不意味著用戶的瀏覽記錄不會(huì)被追蹤，也就是說(shuō)用戶可能不會(huì)真正從中受益。故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。由第六段“AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.同樣不清楚的是，微軟為什么要單干。畢竟，它也有自己的廣告業(yè)務(wù)，它說(shuō)自己會(huì)遵守DNT請(qǐng)求，盡管它仍在研究如何做到這一點(diǎn)。如果它試圖擾亂谷歌的話，那么它幾乎完全依賴DNT默認(rèn)設(shè)置將成為常態(tài)。由此可知微軟將DNT作為瀏覽器默認(rèn)設(shè)置的目的并不是不記錄用戶的軌跡，而是想擾亂它的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者比如谷歌，所以偏離了DNT的初衷。故A項(xiàng)正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干定位到本文最后一句“BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?微軟首席隱私官BrendonLynch在博客中寫道:“我們相信消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該有更多的控制權(quán)。”真的有那么簡(jiǎn)單嗎?”從Coulditreallybethatsimple?可知作者是持懷疑態(tài)度。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Iwillholdyoupersonally（

）ifanythinggoeswronginthisproject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.destructive

B.lucrative

C.diverse

D.responsible

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。destructive有害的，毀滅性的；lucrative獲利多的；diverse不同的，多種多樣的；responsible負(fù)責(zé)的，可靠的。

句意：如果這個(gè)項(xiàng)目出了什么問題，我將追究你個(gè)人的責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.單選題

Thevolcanogavewarningthatitwouldsoonpop:smallearthquakesshudderedbeneathitssurfaceonSeptember23.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sank

B.sent

C.erupted

D.shook

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sank“沉陷”；B選項(xiàng)sent“送，寄出”；C選項(xiàng)erupted“爆發(fā)；長(zhǎng)出”；D選項(xiàng)shook“搖動(dòng)”。句意：火山發(fā)出警告說(shuō)它很快就會(huì)爆發(fā)：9月23日，它的地表下發(fā)生了小地震。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞earthquakes（地震）可排除B、C選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)sank（沉陷）也與地震不匹配，因此得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

II.(本題3段，每段10分)

HumanisticpsychologyHumanisticpsychologistsbelievethatbehavioristsareover-concernedwiththescientificstudyandanalysisoftheactionsofmanasanorganism,totheneglectofbasicaspectsofmanasafeeling,thinkingindividual,andthattoomucheffortisspentinlaboratoryresearch,whichquantifiesandreduceshumanbehaviortoitselements.Humanistsalsotakeissuewiththedeterministicorientationofpsychoanalysis,whichpostulatesthatman’searlyexperiencesanddrivesdeterminehisbehavior.Humaniststendtobelievethattheindividualisresponsibleforhislifeandactionsandmaytimecreativelychangehisattitudesorbehaviorthroughawarenessandwill.Thehumanistisconcernedwiththefullestgrowthoftheindividualintheareasoflove,fulfillment,self-worth,andautonomy;maturationisconsideredaprocessduringwhichoneestablishesandfollowsone’ssystemofvalues.

ExperimentmethodTheexperimentisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatormanipulatesavariablecarefullycontrolledconditionsandobserveswhetheranychangesoccurinasecondvariableasaresult.Thus,thepurposeofanexperimentistofindouthowonevariable,let’scallitX,affectsanothervariable,whichwe’llcallY.Inthisformulation,werefertoXastheindependentvariabletoYasthedependentvariable.Anindependentvariableisaconditionoreventthatanexperimentervariesinordertoseeitsimpactonanothervariable.Agoodshortcutforsortingouttheindependentvariablesinexperimentsistofitthevariablesintotheequation“HowXaffectsY.”

IntelligenceIntelligencereferstocognitiveabilitiesofanindividualtolearnfromexperience,toreasonwell,andtocopeeffectivelywiththedemandsofdailyliving.Inshort,intelligencehastodowithhowwellapersonisabletousecognitionincopingwiththeworld.Thetermintelligencewasnotinwidespreaduseuntilitwaspopularizedinthelate1800sbythewritingsofSirFrancisGalton.GaltonwasacousinofCharlesDarwin,thescientistcreditedfordevelopingthetheoryofevolutionbasedonnaturalselectionofinheritedcharacteristics.Galtonbelievedthatintellectualabilitywasinherited,andhetriedunsuccessfullytodevelopanintelligencetesttouseinhisresearch.Althoughhewasunsuccessfulinhisownresearch,Galtongavepsychologytheconceptofintelligence.

【答案】人本心理學(xué)5.單選題

（）prohibitedinmanycountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimals

B.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimalsis

C.Huntingcertainrareanimalsare

D.Huntingofcertainrareanimalsare

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。選A沒有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可首先排除。根據(jù)句意：在許多國(guó)家,

捕獲稀有動(dòng)物是被禁止的。這里指的是捕獲稀有動(dòng)物這件事，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為單數(shù)，不能被前面的animals迷惑，所以本題選B。

6.翻譯題

Foracenturyorso,theshoppingritualatdealershowroomsfornewandusedvehicleshasn’tchangedmuch,apartfrommorecomfortablechairsandtheadditionoflatte(拿鐵咖啡)machines.

ButtheInternetisunravelingtheessenceofnew-carretailing,armingshopperswithmoreinformationthaneveraboutfeaturesandprices,and(as)wellasexpertreviews.Willshopperssoonbeabletotakethenextstepandordernewcarsonline,likebooks,laptopsandshoes?

ThedebateoverInternetvehiclesalesrages,sinceautomakersseeif(it)asawaytoslashdistributioncostsbyhundreds,andperhapsafewthousanddollarspervehicle.Dealersareaghast:Theyhaveshieldedtheirfranchisesineverystatewithlegislation.ManyviewInternetsalesasameansofunderminingthem.Dealersassertthat“carsaren’tbooksorshoes”andarebestsoldinpersonbytheirsalesstaff,aprocessthatallowstheshoppertotestthevehicle,aswellasexplorefinancingandtrade-ins.

TeslaMotors(TSLA.，thegroundbreakingelectric-vehiclemanufacturerfoundedbyElonMusk,takesordersforitsModelSsedan,whichstartsat$70.000,onitswebsite.Thecarsaredeliveredeitheratoneofits30company-ownedstoresorcanbedrop-shippedtoabuyer’shome.Tesla,clearly,isbuckinglawandtradition.“InTexas,wherethelawprecludesdeliveringdirectlytocustomers,wedosothroughthird-parties,”saidSharmaHendriks,aTeslaspokesperson.“We’renotsayingwe’llneverhavedealers;butthatmodeldoesn’tmakesenseforusnow.

Becausethemarketforusedcarsisn’tprotectedbynew-carfranchiselaws,itmayprovideamorepromisingopportunityforonlinevehiclesales.eBayMotors,adivisionofeBay(EBAY),offersthousandsofvehiclesonlineforsalesbetweenprivateparties.Manyused-cardealersalsousethedigitalplatformandpayalistingfee.

Carvana,aventuresponsoredbyDriveTime,oneofthenation’slargestused-caroperations,hasbegunsellinglate-modelusedpremiumandluxurymodelsonitsownwebsite.CarvanaoperatesforthetimebeingonlyinAtlantaanditsenvironsbuthopestoexpandnationwide.

ErnieGarciaJr.,Carvana’schiefexecutiveofficer,saidthatthefirsthundredvehiclessoldbyCarvanareflectwhathecalleda“promising”trendofhighsatisfactionamongbuyers.Fourbuyersofthefirsthundredweren’tsatisfiedwiththeirpurchaseandexercisedtheirrighttotradethevehiclestheyboughtforanother.Onlyoneofthehundreddemandedarefund.

Garciasaidthatsalesofnewandusedvehiclesatdealerships,intheconventionalmanner,reflectabout“$2,000acar”insales,generalandadministrativecost.Heregardsthatamountasmarginthatcanandwilleventuallyshrinkasonlineattractsmorevehicleshoppers.New-vehiclesalesonlinehaven’tarrived,andperhapsmaynever.Yetthatdayfeelsasthoughit’sdrawingcloser,especiallyforconsumerswhowillchooseanythingandeverything-includingaspouse-usingkeypadormouse.

Foracenturyorso,theshoppingritualatdealershowroomsfornewandusedvehicleshasn’tchangedmuch,apartfrommorecomfortablechairsandtheadditionoflatte（拿鐵咖啡）machines.

【答案】一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，在經(jīng)銷商的展廳里購(gòu)買新車或二手車的程序基本上沒有什么變化，只是多了一些舒服的椅子和咖啡機(jī)什么的。

但互聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在解構(gòu)新車銷售的本質(zhì)，它讓消費(fèi)者了解到更多有關(guān)汽車性能和價(jià)格的信息，同時(shí)還有專家的評(píng)測(cè)與看法。那么，不久的將來(lái)，消費(fèi)者是否會(huì)像買書、買鞋、買筆記本電腦一樣，開始在網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)汽車呢？

關(guān)于汽車能否在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上銷售的爭(zhēng)論十分激烈。汽車廠商們認(rèn)為，網(wǎng)上賣車可以大幅降低渠道成本，光是賣一輛車的渠道成本就可減少幾百、甚至幾千美元。而經(jīng)銷商們則驚慌失措，他們已經(jīng)在美國(guó)的各個(gè)州通過法律鞏固了自己的經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)，許多經(jīng)銷商認(rèn)為網(wǎng)上售車會(huì)對(duì)他們的業(yè)務(wù)造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害。他們堅(jiān)稱“汽車不是書也不是鞋”,最好還是通過與銷售員面對(duì)面溝通的方式來(lái)購(gòu)車，因?yàn)橄M(fèi)者可以通過這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)試駕車輛，同時(shí)辦妥貸款和打折等有關(guān)的事宜。

由艾倫?馬斯科投資的電動(dòng)汽車制造商特斯拉汽車公司(TeslaMotors)B經(jīng)開始在官網(wǎng)上接受Models的訂單了，這款車型的起價(jià)為7萬(wàn)美元。這些車輛既可以運(yùn)到這家公司擁有的30家商店里，也可以直接運(yùn)到消費(fèi)者的家門口。顯然特斯拉并不怕挑戰(zhàn)法律和傳統(tǒng)。特斯拉公司的發(fā)言人莎娜?亨德里克斯說(shuō)：“德克薩斯州的法律禁止廠商把汽車直接運(yùn)到消費(fèi)者家里，所以我們是通過第三方這樣做的。我們并不是說(shuō)我們永遠(yuǎn)都不需要經(jīng)銷商，但就眼下來(lái)說(shuō)，那種模式對(duì)我們沒有意義。”

由于二手車市場(chǎng)不受新車特許經(jīng)營(yíng)法保護(hù)，因此這個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)υ诰€賣車來(lái)說(shuō)可能更有前景。比如eBay旗下的eBayMotors就在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)布了成千上萬(wàn)輛車型信息，方便私人進(jìn)行二手車交易。很多二手車經(jīng)銷商也利用這個(gè)數(shù)碼平臺(tái)進(jìn)行交易，而且還要支付一定的展示費(fèi)用。

Carvana是美國(guó)最大的二手車交易商之一DriveTime投資的一家公司，已經(jīng)開始在自己的網(wǎng)上銷售最新款的二手豪車和高端車型了。目前Carvana的業(yè)務(wù)還僅限于亞特蘭大及周邊地區(qū)，但它希望盡快將業(yè)務(wù)擴(kuò)展到全美。

公司CEO小歐尼?加西尼介紹：Carvana公司首批賣出的100輛二手車在客戶中的滿意度很高，預(yù)示了光明的前景。這100個(gè)客戶中，只有4個(gè)人對(duì)他們購(gòu)買的車輛不滿意，而且行使了換車的權(quán)利，另外只有1名客戶要求退車返款。

加西亞表示，在傳統(tǒng)的銷售方式下，無(wú)論是賣新車還是舊車，每輛的銷售成本、一般成本與管理成本加起來(lái)，都高達(dá)2,000美元左右。他認(rèn)為，隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)售車的模式吸引更多的消費(fèi)者，這部分金額最終會(huì)縮水，轉(zhuǎn)化成利潤(rùn)。

新車的在線銷售雖然還沒有成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，而且說(shuō)不定永遠(yuǎn)都將是紙上談兵，但是給我們的感覺卻是這一天已經(jīng)離我們?cè)絹?lái)越近了。特別是有些消費(fèi)者己經(jīng)習(xí)慣了用鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤挑選和購(gòu)買一切東西，甚至包括挑選自己的人生伴侶。

7.單選題

They______onacurefortuberculouswhiletheyweredoingresearchonsomethingelse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.foundered

B.stumbled

C.fumbled

D.tripped

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.foundered破產(chǎn)，沉沒B.stumbled蹣跚而行

C.fumbled笨手笨腳地做D.tripped將……絆倒

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】由賓語(yǔ)acurefortuberculous（治療肺結(jié)核）可知，“發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合語(yǔ)境，而stumbleon為固定搭配，表示“意外發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C選項(xiàng)都不與on搭配；

D選項(xiàng)tripon表示“在……上失誤”，不符合句意。

【句意】他們?cè)谘芯科渌麞|西的時(shí)候偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種治療肺結(jié)核的方法。

8.單選題

It’sallannualback-to-schoolroutine.Onemorningyouwavegoodbye,andthat（1）eveningyou’reburningthelate-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimproveeducationalstandards,（2）arethrowingthebooksatkids,（3）elementaryschoolstudentsarecomplainingofhomework（4）.What’sawell-meaningparenttodo?

Ashardas（5）maybe,sitbackandchill,expelsadvice.Thoughyou’vegottogetthemtodoit,（6）helpingtoomuch,orevenexamining:（7）toocarefully,youmaykeepthem（8）doingitbythemselves,“Iwouldn’tadviseaparenttocheckevery（9）assignment“sayspsychologistJohnRosemond,authorofEndingtheToughHomework.“There’sa（10）ofappreciationfortrialanderror.Letyourchildren（11）thegradetheydeserve,“Manyexpertsbelieveparentsshouldgentlylookovertheworkofyoungerchildrenandaskthemtorethinktheir（12）But“youdon’twantthemtofeelithastobe（13）.’’Shesays.

That’snottosayparentsshould（14）homework-first,theyshouldmonitorhowmuchhomeworktheirkids（15）.Thirtyminutesadayintheearlyelementaryyearsandanhourin（16）four,five,andsixisstandard,saysRosemond.Forjunior-highstudentsitshouldbe“（17）morethananhourandahalf/’andtwoforhighschoolstudents.Ifyourchild（18）hasmorehomeworkthanthis,youmaywanttocheck（19）otherparentsandthentalktotheteacherabout（20）assignments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.very

B.exact

C.right

D.usual

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.officials

B.parents

C.experts

D.schools

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Also

B.Even

C.Then

D.However

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fatigue

B.confusion

C.duty

D.puzzle

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.there

B.we

C.they

D.it

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.via

B.under

C.by

D.for

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.questions

B.answers

C.standards

D.rules

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.without

C.beyond

D.from

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.single

B.piece

C.page

D.other

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.drop

B.short.

C.cut

D.lack

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.earn

C.gather

D.reach

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.exercises

B.defects

C.mistakes

D.tests

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.perfect

B.better

C.unusual

D.complete

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.forget

B.refuse

C.miss

D.ignore

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.prepare

C.make

D.perform

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.classes

B.groups

C.grades

D.terms

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.no

C.much

D.few

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.rarely

C.merely

D.consistently

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.in

C.out

D.up

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.finishing

B.lowering

C.reducing

D.declining

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】（1）語(yǔ)義連接。Very修飾名詞,表強(qiáng)調(diào)。

（2）語(yǔ)義連接。空前說(shuō):toimproveeducationalstandards,可知學(xué)校為了提高教育水平向?qū)W生施壓。

（3）邏輯分析。此處為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。句意:學(xué)校把大量的課本壓向?qū)W生,竟連小學(xué)生也在抱怨。

（4）名詞辨析。句意:連小學(xué)生都在抱怨作業(yè)太多。Fatigue疲勞，疲乏;confusion“混淆，困惑”;duty責(zé)任，職責(zé);puzzle困惑，迷惑。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

（5）語(yǔ)義連接。這里缺一個(gè)代詞，指代后面的“sitbackandchill”，所以選it。

（6）介詞辨析。by表示“通過…方式”。

（7）名詞辨析。這里說(shuō)家長(zhǎng)幫孩子檢查作業(yè)，所以此處應(yīng)該是檢查作業(yè)的答案。

（8）固定搭配。。keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事。

（9）語(yǔ)義連接。every與single搭配，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，”everysingleassignment”意思是“每一份作業(yè)”或“所有作業(yè)”。

（10）固定搭配。alackof缺乏。

（11）動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:讓孩子們得到應(yīng)得的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以答案在A和B之間。acquire意思是通過努力，慢慢地獲得(知識(shí)、技能等),而earn表示通過一番努力贏得、掙得。故選B。

（12）名詞辨析。句意應(yīng)為:家長(zhǎng)看完孩子作業(yè)后,應(yīng)要求他們重新思考自己的錯(cuò)誤。

（13）形容詞辨析。此句中but表轉(zhuǎn)折。句意:但是也不能讓他們認(rèn)為作業(yè)必須完美/萬(wàn)無(wú)一失。

（14）動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這并不是說(shuō)家長(zhǎng)可以忽視孩子的家庭作業(yè)。

（15）動(dòng)詞辨析。這里表示孩子有多少家庭作業(yè)。

（16）名詞辨析。Grade表示“年級(jí)”。

（17）固定搭配。Nomorethan不超過。

（18）副詞辨析。句意:如果你的孩子不斷地超過這個(gè)作業(yè)量,那你就要與別的家長(zhǎng)核對(duì)并同老師商討。

（19）介詞辨析。With表示“和…”。

（20）動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:那你就要與別的家長(zhǎng)核對(duì)并同老師商討減少作業(yè)量。?

9.單選題

Ifanymanheredoesnotagreewithme,heshould（）hisownplanforimproving

thelivingconditionsofthesepeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.puton

B.putout

C.putin

D.putforward

【答案】D

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果這里有人不同意我的意見，他應(yīng)該提出自己的計(jì)劃來(lái)改善這些人的生活條件。

10.填空題

A:I’veprintedoutthereportbutIdon’thave（1）toputitin.Doyou（2）anychancehaveaclearplasticfolderthatIcould（3）?

B:How（4）thisone?It’sthekindthatIalwaysputreportsin.

A:Thanks!Thiswill（5）verywell.

【答案】1.folder

2.by

3.use

4.about

5.be

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。folder表示用來(lái)裝報(bào)告的“文件夾”。

2.固定搭配。bychance碰巧,偶然。

3.語(yǔ)義題。句意:你有我能用的透明塑料文件夾嗎?

4.常用語(yǔ)。Howabout你認(rèn)為……怎么樣。

5.語(yǔ)法題?？崭裎挥谥鷦?dòng)詞will和形容詞well之間,因此空格應(yīng)填be動(dòng)詞be。

11.單選題

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert'sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3°Cwarmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarming-uptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffoodgrowingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming,inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand"cold"spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror"colder"facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth'sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.

1.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould（

）.

2.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain（

）.

3.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis（

）.

4.Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scientistsbelievetheopinionthat（

）.

5.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrect,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventthesun’sraysfromreachingtheearth’ssurface

B.meanawarming-upintheArctic

C.accountforgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere

D.raisethetemperatureoftheearth’ssurface.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegreenhouseeffect

B.thesolareffectsontheearth

C.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions

D.thecausesaffectingweather

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerising

B.possiblebecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremelting

C.exclusivelyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate

D.partlyduetovariationsintheoutputofsolarenergy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcooler

B.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth’sclimatetotakeeffect

C.theman-madewarningeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffects

D.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffect

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuels.

B.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphere.

C.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheastrospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly.

D.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworktotheadvantageoftheearth.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。文章第一段的內(nèi)容為：在大氣中，二氧化碳的作用就像一面單面鏡子或溫室屋頂上的玻璃，它允許陽(yáng)光進(jìn)入，但阻止熱量溢出。因此選D，在大氣中二氧化碳的濃度將提高地球表面的溫度。

第2題:主旨大意題。文章第一段至第四段主要講了二氧化碳對(duì)全球氣候的影響，最后兩段主要講了太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)對(duì)全球氣候變暖的影響，因此選D，本文主要解釋影響天氣的原因。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第五段中However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling...Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?和第六段中第一句Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun（一種可能是太陽(yáng)的變化行為）可知選D，部分的原因是太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的變化。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.（問題是，這些模型預(yù)測(cè)，世界應(yīng)該進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的冰河時(shí)代，但事實(shí)并非如此）可知A選項(xiàng)“世界氣候應(yīng)該變得更冷”符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.（如果這是正確的，那么二氧化碳的溫室效應(yīng)可以抵消太陽(yáng)熱量的減少）可知選B，如果關(guān)于新冰河延期的假設(shè)是正確的，那么冰很快就會(huì)覆蓋北半球。

12.單選題

Thesnowseemstohaveset（）fortheevening.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.upon

B.in

C.about

D.down

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)setupon“襲擊；挑撥，唆使；開始”；B選項(xiàng)setin“開端；來(lái)臨；到來(lái)”；Csetabout選項(xiàng)“開始著手；考慮”；D選項(xiàng)setdown“放下；記下；登記；寫下”。句意：晚上似乎要下雪了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Hewasaskedtobethe（

）ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.judge

B.umpire

C.fan

D.controller

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官，審判員”，泛指各種場(chǎng)合中的評(píng)判人員；umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動(dòng)位置，如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等；fan意為“迷，狂熱愛好者，風(fēng)扇”；controller意為“(尤指大型機(jī)構(gòu)或部門的)管理者，控制者”。由thebadmintongame（羽毛球比賽）可知選B。

句意：他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)公正的人。

14.單選題

CharlesWeiss,programdirectorofscienceandinternationalaffairsatGeorgetownUniversityinWashingtonD.C.,wasthebank’sscienceadviserintheearly1980s.hebelievesthislatestattempttogetthebankthinkingaboutsciencehasmorechanceofsucceedingthanhisownefforts.This,hesays,ispartlybecausetheyhavethesupportofseniorexecutives,particularlyJamesWolfensohn,thebank’spresident,andpartlybecausethebankisnowbeentopromoteknowledge-baseddevelopment.

Unusuallyforalendinginstitution,theWorldBankpossessesworld-classexpertiseontheprojectsandtheregionswhereitlendsmoney.Ofits8000staff,3000haveaPhD-levelqualification,andmanyofthesearetop-rankedresearchersheadhuntedfromuniversities.Thequantityandqualityofthebank'sresearchisconsistentlyhigh.

Butthismoreanalyticalaspectofthebank’sworkhasalwaysbeenovershadowedbyitslendingarm-knownasoperations—whichhasgenerallyconsideredresearchtobeafunctionoflending,ratherthananactivityinitsownright.In1987,halfoftheresearchstaffweresenttoworkoperations.

Thistensionbetweentheresearchandlendingwingsremains,andisoneofseveralchallengesthatwillneedtobeovercomeifthenewstrategyistobearfruit.Inparticular,theneedforanewdepartmentforscienceisbeingquestionedbysomewhodonotwanttoseescienceconfinedtoaghettoandthinkitshouldbepartofthelendingportfolioofallofthebank'sdepartments.

Someoperationsstaffhaveyettobeconvincedofthemeritsofraisingthebank’sresearchprofileorfundingresearchindevelopingcountries.Theybelievethatmoreattentionshouldbepaidtoconventionalinfrastructureneedsinpoorercountrieswhich,becauseoflowcreditratings,willhavelittleaccesstoprivatecapital.

Thereactionfromdevelopingcountrieswillbeanimportanttestofthenewstrategy.TherichercountriesofSoutheastAsia,LatinAmerica,NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEastarelikelytobemorereceptivethanpoorercountries,particularlyinsub-SaharanAfrica,wherethebankisnotpopular,andwherealmost50percentofbank-assistedprojectshavefailedduringthisdecade.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtoParagraph1?

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat().

3.Oneofthechallengesforraisingthehank’sresearchprofileliesin().

4.Theword“infrastructure”(Paragraph5)mostprobablyrefersto().

5.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheWorldBankusedtoattachimportancetoresearchintheearly1980s.

B.Thebank’sseniorexecutivesareinfavorofCharlesWeiss’spromotion.

C.Thebankisnowkeentoestablishanewdepartmentforscience.

D.JamesWolfensohnisthinkingaboututilizingthebank’sresearchresources.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.top-rankedresearcherswereeagertoworkinoperations

B.thelendingwingisreluctanttoconsiderresearchasanindependentactivity

C.thenewstrategyhashadasuccessfulresultinsomedevelopedcountries

D.sciencehaslongbeenovershadowedbecausethebank’sresearchworkwasnotefficient

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lackofinvestmentinscience

B.thereactionfromseniorexecutives

C.thelendingwing’snegativeattitude

D.lowcreditratings

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebasicfacilities,services,andinstallations

B.theinterrelationorarrangementofpartsinacomplexentity

C.anunderlyingbaseorfoundation

D.somethingconstructed

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ResearchPortfoliooftheWorldBank

B.ANewStrategyoftheWorldBank

C.TensionbetweenTwoWings

D.Lending