初中英語被動語態(tài)專項講解

初中英語被動語態(tài)專項講解初中英語被動語態(tài)專項講解一、語態(tài)概述語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，表示句子之中主語和謂語動詞的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的發(fā)出者（或執(zhí)行者）eg：ManypeoplespeakChinese.謂語：speak的動作是由主語 manypeople來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。eg：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過 be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。（被動語態(tài)的否定式和疑問式均由助動詞或第一個助動詞構(gòu)成。）各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時： am／is／are＋及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：I'maskedtotakecareofmyself.Footballisplayedallovertheworld一般過去時： was／were＋及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：Thishousewasbuiltin1958.Hislegwasbrokeninanaccident.一般將來時：will／shallbe＋及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：Morefactorieswillbebuiltinourcity.Hewillbetakentohospitaltomorrow.現(xiàn)在進行時： am／is／arebeing＋及物動詞的過去分詞.Eg： Aroadisbeingbuiltaroundthemountain.Manynewhousesarebeingbuiltinthiscity過去進行時：was/werebeing＋及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：ThemeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.Wewerebeingtrainedthistimelastyear.現(xiàn)在完成時： have／hasbeen＋及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：Hisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.Thepricesofmanygoodshavebeencutagain.過去完成時：hadbeen+及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：Anewschoolhadbeensetupbytheendoflastyear.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Eg：Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.三、被動語態(tài)的基本用法一般來說，在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪?，能用主動語態(tài)的時候就盡量不去用被動語態(tài)。只有在下列情況中我們才用被動語態(tài)：1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。eg：1）.Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。.Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。.Thefrontwindowintheclassroomwasbrokenyesterday.昨天，教室的前窗被打2.沒不要說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。Eg:1）.Thetime-tablehasbeenchanged.時間表已變動了2）.Chinawasfoundedin1949.3.不愿意說出動作的執(zhí)行者，其目的是為了使語言得體、圓滑等。在這種情況下，有時常用一些句式，如"Itissaidthat…”（據(jù)說 ）,isreportedthat,?,*（據(jù)報道 ）,Itiswellknownthat…（眾所周知 ）Itissupposedthat（據(jù)推測說 ）,Itisbelievedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itisthoughtthat…大家認為，Itissuggestedthat…據(jù)建議等等eg:1.Itissaidthatsheisgoingtobemarriedtoaforeigner.據(jù)說她要嫁給一個外國人。2.Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（=Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）4.強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。Eg:1）.TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。.hisbookwaswrittenbyhim.這本書是他寫的。.Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。注：使用被動語態(tài)的情況口訣：動作誰做的不知道，誰說出的不必要。接受動作需強調(diào)，用被動語態(tài)最為妙。四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法：.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。.把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be+過去分詞）（根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式）o.把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。Heplanttrees insping.Treesareplantedinspingbyhim.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣：賓語提前主語變，原主變賓by后見，時態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。Allthepeoplelaughedathim.-*Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory,fThebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.Atreewascutdownbyhim.被動語態(tài)中“by+賓語”的省略：被動語態(tài)句式中的“by+賓語”表示及物動詞所表示動作的執(zhí)行者，但是在遇到以下情況時，表示動作執(zhí)行者“by+賓語”常常被省略。.動作執(zhí)行者不確定時Eg:LPaperismadefromwood?Manypeoplearekilledintrafficaccidentseveryday..不必表明動作執(zhí)行者時Eg：LEnglishisalsospokenasthesecondlanguageaswellasoneoftheofficiallanguages.2.Footballisplayedinmostschool?.動作執(zhí)行者為一般大眾時.Eg:1.BothEnglishandSpanisharespokeninthisarea.Heismadethemonitoroftheclasstoday?五.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)應注意的幾個問題：談談幾種特殊的被動結(jié)構(gòu)當句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語 +謂語+賓語（唯一賓語）”時，把賓語提到句首做主語，然后把謂語改成被動語態(tài)形式，最后把原主語變?yōu)橘e格至于介詞by之后。實際運用中by短語常被省略。Eg：1.Wefinishourhomeworkintheevening.2.Ourhomeworkisfinishedintheevening.當句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語 +謂語+間接賓語 （表示人的）+直接賓語（表示物的）”時，一般把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而直接賓語不變，這樣句子顯得自然些。如果把直接賓語作為主語，那么在間接賓語前應加介詞to或for.Eg:1.Shesentmeanovelonmybirthday.（主動）—Iwassentanovelonmybirthday.（被動）Anovelwassenttomeonmybirthday.（被動）2.Mybrotherboughtmeawatchyesterday.（主動）—Iwasboughtawatchyesterday.（被動）Awatchwasboughtformebymybrotheryesterday.（被動）注意：.間接賓語前需要加 for的動詞，buy,sing,catch,find,get,drow,cook,keep,make ，offer等。.間接賓語前需要加 to的動詞，bring,give,pass,hand,leave,show,write,take,teach,tell,thow,lend,send,return當句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語 +謂語+賓語+賓語補足語” 把主動態(tài)變成被動態(tài)時，只需將主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)句子的主語，而原句里的賓語補足語現(xiàn)在就變成被動態(tài)句子的"主語補足語 "了eg:1.Theyaskedmetohelpthem.Twasaskedtohelpthem..Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem —.comoutercanbeusedtohelpthem..Wemustkeeptheroomclean.fTheroommustbekeptclean..Wesawthemcomingover. fTheywereseencomingover.如果復合賓語是由“賓語 +不帶to的動詞不定式”構(gòu)成，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，動詞不定式前的to要補出來。常見的這類動詞有：一感（feel），二聽（hear，listento）三讓（let,make,have）四看（watch,see,notice,observe,+lookat）但動詞為 let時，to仍可省略。Eg:1.Thestorymadeuslaugh.fWeweremadetolaughbythestory..Theteacherletthelittleboygohome. —Thelittleboywaslet（to）gohome.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)時， 由“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。Eg:Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays. —Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.fItshouldbedoneatonce.Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.短語動詞的被動語態(tài)：一般說來，只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)，但許多“不及物動詞 +副詞或介詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，相當于及物動詞，也可以有被動語態(tài)，但變被動語態(tài)后，不可把介詞或副詞漏掉。Eg:1.Heturnedontheradiojustnow.fTheradiowasturnedonjustnow..Theytakegoodcareofthebabies. fThebabiesaretakencareof..Thelookafterthebabies.fThebabiesarelookedafter.含有賓語從句的主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)時，有兩種改寫方法：.用it做被動語態(tài)的形式主語，賓語從句保持不變 ..將主動句中的賓語從句的主語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，從句的謂語部分變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ?。這時的動詞不定式所用的形式要與原來的賓語從句保持一致。Eg:Theysaythatourteacherisbusythesedays. —Itissaidthatourteacherisbusythesedays.Ourteacherissaidtobebusythesedays.如果原句賓語有后置定語修飾，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，應把后置修飾語隨同賓語一同提前。Eg:wecleanthewindowsofourclassroomeveryday. —Thewindowsofourclassroomarecleanedeveryday.如果原句主語不是動作的執(zhí)行者，而是所使用的物質(zhì)材料，變被動語態(tài)時要用介詞with.Eg：smokef川edtheroom. fTheroomwasfilledwithsmoke.by短語的取舍：.當主動句中的主語是 people,one,we,they等泛指性動詞時，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，by短語通常省略。Eg:weoftenspeakEnglishinourEnglishclass. —Englishisoftenspoken(byus)inourEnglishclass.當主動句中是 who，what，which等做主語，變被動語態(tài)后句首的疑問詞在句中的成分由原來的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，應注意介詞by不能丟。Eg:whowrotethebook? fwhowasthebookwrittenby?.需要強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行時，by短語不能省略。Eg：unclewangmadethekite.fThekitewasmadebyunclewang.六．可與被動語態(tài)連用的介詞在被動語態(tài)的句子中，常用介詞by引出動作的發(fā)出者，實際上同被動語態(tài)連用的介詞除 by以外還有很多。表示謂語動詞的動作是為誰或為何目的而發(fā)生的要用介詞for。(beusedforsth/doingsth被用于?…被用于做?…)Eg:1.Thisnewbikewasboughtforyou.2.Stampsareusedforsendingletters.表示動作發(fā)出者所使用的工具或強調(diào)狀態(tài)時應用介詞withEg：1.Thetreeswerecutdownwithaknife..Thebottleisfilledwithorange..表示“被作為?…(發(fā)生)”應用介詞as(beusedas被作為?…使用)Eg：EnglishisusedasafirstlanguageinCanada..在bewell-known后應用介詞to,表示“被?…所熟知”Eg：TheGreatWalliswell-knowntoeveryoneintheworld..在bemade后可用多個介詞表示不同的意義.bemadein表示“在某地制造”Eg：ThisTvsetismadeinshanghai..bemadeof和bemadefrom都可以表示“由?…制成的"，但bemadeof強調(diào)從制成品上可以看出原材料，bemadefrom則表示從制成品上看不出原材料。Eg：1.Thistableismadeofwood.2.Thiskindofpaperismadefromwood..bemadeby由…(人)制造的Eg：Thecakeismadebymymother..bemadeinto表示“被制成…”make-into把?…制成?…(主動形式)Eg：Glassisoftenmadeintoglasses.玻璃常被制成玻璃杯。.bemadeafter表示“仿照...制成”Eg：Thismachineismadeaftertheirs.這臺機器是仿照他們的機器制成的。.bemadeupof表示“由...組成”Eg：Ourclassismadeupoffiftystudents.七.不可用于被動語態(tài)的情況.當謂語動詞是表示靜態(tài)的及物動詞 （短語）時（eg:have,cost,hold,knowfit,belongto…）不可用于被動語態(tài)。Eg:Howlongdidthemeetinglast?.當謂語動詞是look,become,get,turn 等連系動詞，其后的成分多為形容詞或名詞詞組作表語時。Eg:helooksfine..賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞或與主語對應的物主代詞修飾的名詞詞組時。Eg:1.TheytaughtthemselvesEnglish.2.Weshouldlearneachother..賓語是動詞不定式（短語）或動名詞時。Eg:1.ThestudentshopetovisittheGreatwall.2.Hehasfinishedreadingthebook.5.賓語和動詞在意義上為不可分割的固定搭配時。Eg:1.Hecaughtabadcoldlastweek.2.Youshouldn'tmakefacesinclass.6.賓語是表示數(shù)量，長度，大小，處所或方位的詞時。Eg:1.Theyreachedshanghaiearlyinthenextmorning.2.HeleftBeijingbybusyesterday..當賓語是同源賓語時。Eg:Todayallofusliveahappylife..賓語是行為者（人體）的某一部分或人體的器官時。Eg:1.Hecouldhardlybelievehiseyes.2.MrHushookhisheadandsaidnothing.9.當賓語是某一組織機構(gòu)或機關(guān)團體名稱時。Eg:Themanjoinedthearmyin1957.八.主動形式被動含義在英語中，主動意義用主動語態(tài)表示，被動意義用被動語態(tài)表示。但在以下幾種情況下，被動意義卻用主動語態(tài)來表示：一.少數(shù)動詞，既可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞。當它們作不及物動詞且用來表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能時，可用一般時態(tài)的主動形式表示被動意義，其主語大多為事物。常見的有：sell（“銷售好）”read（好讀”），write（“好寫”），wash（“耐洗”），wear（“耐穿）,last,tear,lock,count,open,teach,drive,take 等、eg:1）.Theticketscosttoomuchandsoldbadly. 這些票太貴了，銷路不好。.CanyoulendHieyourpen?Yourpenwritesbetter.你能把你的鋼筆借給我嗎？你的鋼筆更好寫。.Thepenwriteswell. 這筆好寫。.Thedoorwon'topen. 門開不下來。.Theclotheswasheasily. 這衣服很好洗。.Thedoorwon'topen. 這門打不開。注意：這類動詞的主動形式表示被動意義有三個明顯特征.與not,hardly等否定意義的詞連用..常與副詞well,easily,badly,poorly,nicely,fast,smoothly, 等連用表示效果或程度。3）句中的主語是謂語動詞的承受者。二.某些表示感覺，狀態(tài)，特征的系動詞 eg：feel,look,sound,smell,taste等系動詞，用主動形式表達被動意義，主語是物。Eg:1.Theclothfeelssoft. 這布料摸起來很軟。.Hiscaketastesgood. 他的蛋糕味道很好。.Goodmedicinetastesbitter. 良藥苦口三.動詞need,want,require等表示“需要”或“應該”的意義時， 后用動詞ing 的主動式或動詞不定式被動形式表示變動意義 .oEg:1）.Thefloorneedssweeping. 地板須拖一下。.Theoldbikeneedsrepairing（or:toberepaired）. 那輛舊自行車需要修理。.Yourhairneedscutting.你的頭發(fā)需要理了。.Thewallrequirespainting.這墻壁需要粉刷了。四.“主語+beworthdoing”句式中ving形式表達被動含義 Eg:1.Thisbookiswellworthreading.2.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.五.不定式以主動形式表達被動意義的情況主要有以下兩種：）.1.不定式作定語與被修飾的詞形成動賓關(guān)系時，不定式用主動形式表被動意義。 Eg：1.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou. 我有重要事情要告訴你。.Isthereanythingelsetosay? 還有別的什么事情要說嗎？.在“主語+系動詞+adj.+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作為主語的補足語對主語作補充說明，與主語之間形成動賓關(guān)系時，其主動形式表示被動含義。（形容詞通常為easy,difficult,hard,pleasant,nice,heavy等）Eg:1.Theplaceiseasytofindinthemap..Ifindtheproblemdifficulttosolve..Thebookisdifficulttounderstand..Thewaterintheriverisunfittodrink. 這條河里的水不宜飲用。.Hisspeechisn'teasytounderstand. 他的演說不易理解.在too???todosth和enough--todo句型中，如果主語是“物”而不是“人”,則不定式部分是用主動形式表達的被動含義.Eg:1.Thetableistooheavy（forme）tocarry.2.Thedressisgoodenoughtowearattheparty.六.表示“發(fā)生、進行”的不及物動詞和短語，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout 等以主動形式表示被動意義。Eg:Howdothenewspaperscomeout? 這些報紙是如何引出來的呢？七.介詞in,on,under 等十名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動意義表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用，含被動之義，其意義相當于該名詞相應動詞的被動形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞?！皍nder+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某事在進行中”。常見的有：undercontrol（受控制）,undertreatment（在治療中）,underrepair （在修理中）,underdiscussion （在討論中）,underconstruction（在施工中）。Eg:Thebuildingisunderconstruction（isbeingconstructed）.“beyond+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，“出乎勝過、范圍、限度”。常見的有： beyondbelief（令人難以再信），beyondone'sreach（鞭長莫及）,beyondone'scontrol（無6控制）,beyondourhope.我們的成功始料不及。Eg:Therumourisbeyondbelief （二can'tbebelieved）.“above+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“（品質(zhì)、行為、能力等）超過 、高于 ”。Eg:Hishonestcharacterisaboveallpraise .=Hishonestcharactercannotbepraisedenough.“for+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“適于 、為著 ”。如：forsale（出售）,forrent（出租）等。Eg:Thathouseisforsale.（=Thathouseistobesold）.“in+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“在……過程中或范圍內(nèi)”常見的有：inprint（在印刷中），insight（在視野范圍內(nèi)），等。Eg:Thebookisnotyetinprint．（=isnotyetprinted）“on+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“在從事 中”。常見的有：onsale（出售），onshow（展出），ontrial（受審）。Eg:Todaysometreasuresareonshowinthemuseum（=arebeingshowed）.“outof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；表示“超出 之外“，常見的有：outofcontrol（ 控制不了），outofsight（超出視線之外），outofone’sreach（夠不著）,outoffashion（不流行）等。Eg:Theplanewasoutofcontrol（can’tbecontrolled）．?！皐ithin+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，“在……內(nèi)、不超過……”。Eg:Hetooktwodaysoffwithintheteacher'spermission八．非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義在某些句型中可用動名詞和不定式的主動形式表被動意義 。在need，want，require,bear等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式。Eg:Thehouseneedsrepairing（toberepaired）．這房子需要修理。形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。Eg:Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading （=Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead．）動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。Eg:Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon ．（todo與things是動賓關(guān)系，與 I是主謂關(guān)系。）試比較：I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobeposted?（ 此處用不定式的被動語態(tài)作定語表明you不是post動作的執(zhí)行者。）在某些“形容詞＋不定式”做表語或賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語或賓語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時，這時常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義。這些形容詞有 nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。Eg:Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout（可看作toworkout省略了forme）.在too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以應用主動形式表示被動意義。Eg:Thisbookistooexpensive（forme）tobuy.在therebe…句型中，當動詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時，不定式用主動式作定語，重點在人，用被動形式作定語，重點在物。Eg:1.Thereisnotimetolose（tobelost）．（用tolose可看成forustolose；用tobelost，誰losttime不明確。）九．教材中與被動語態(tài)相關(guān)的一些詞組 :getdressed（穿衣）gethurt（受傷）getlost（迷路）getwashed（洗臉）getmarried（結(jié)婚）becoveredwith（被?…覆蓋）bemadeof（由?…制成）（看得出原材料）bemadeby（由某人制造）bemadefrom（由?…制成）（看不出原材料）bemadein（由某地制造）beusedfor（被用于?…）beusedas（被當作?…使用）beusedtodo（被用于做...）itissaidthat…（據(jù)說…）itishopedthat…（希望…）Itiswellknownthat...（總所周知 ...）初中英語被動語態(tài)專項練習一．單項選擇.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound.English inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade.Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused6.Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep.-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft.Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished.Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking.Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't.-Myshoesarewornout. A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?.___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are.___thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do.Why___totalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld.Whowasthebook___?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby.Where___theseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD.am.Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater.Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow.Thebrokenbike herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt.Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown.Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild27.Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept28.Thepot___for___hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep.Tea___inthesouthofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow.Thebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt.Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing33.Theteapot___water.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled34.Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento35.Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell36.Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcarearetakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare37.Theywere___atthesuddennoise.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens38.Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto.Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid.Thepapers___tothem.A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown41.Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto.___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven.Goodcare suchthings.A.shouldtakeofB.shouldbetakenC.shouldbetakingD.shouldbetakenof44.Shewill goodcare .A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou45.Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done46.Theboy___streetswithoutpayintheolddays.A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean47.Thesechildren dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto48.Thesestones___well.A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted49.Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted.Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had.Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace52.Youcan'tusethecomputer,it .A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown.Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened.Thewatchhasoften___down.A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell.Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken.Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting.Whattime___thedoor___everyday?A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close.Canhe___himself?A.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadof.Hefellfromhisbikeand___.A.ishurtB.getshurtC.gothurtD.hurt. anewlibrary inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;bulitC.Does;buildD.Did;build.Anaccident onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened.Cotton inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow.Sofar,themoon bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited.AtalkonChinesehistory inthschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives.Howmanytrees thisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted.Alotofthings bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone.Neitherofthem inChina.A.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made.Look!Anicepicture forourteacher.A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws.Yourshoes .Youneedanewpair.A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn.Thedoctor foryet.A.isntsentB.hasntbeensentC.wontbesentD.wasntsent.-When___thiskindofcomputers ?--Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used.TheGreatWall allovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown73.I insummer.A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn.HesaysthatMrZhang tothefactorynextweek.A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent.Who thisbook ?A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written.Mary showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto.Astory byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus78.Themonkeywasseen offthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump79.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput二．用動詞 show的被動語態(tài)填空1).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemaeveryweek2).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemalastweek.3).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemathesedays.4).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemaateightlastnight5).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemarecently6).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemabytheendoflastweek7).Iknowanewfilm atthecinemaintwodays三．將下列句子變成被動語態(tài)1.PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries..Webuiltthisbridgelastyear..Thetigerinthez00frightenedthelittlegirl..XiaoL