大學(xué)英語六級真題及答案-2008年-2012年五年

2008年6月21日大學(xué)英語六級真題及答案Writing(30minutes)WillE-booksReplaceTraditionalBooks?.隨著信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，電子圖書越來越多.有人認(rèn)為電子圖書會取代傳統(tǒng)圖書，理由是…….我的看法注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.Whatwilltheworldbelikeinfiftyyears?Thisweeksometopscientists,includingNobelPrizewinners,gavetheirvisionofhowtheworldwilllookin2056,frongas-poweredcarstoextraordinaryhealthadvances,JohnInghamreportsonwhattheworld'sfinestmindsbelieveourfutureswillbe.Forthoseofusluckyenoughtolivethatlong,2056willbeaworldofalmostperpetualyouth,whereobesityisaremotememoryandrobotsbecomeourcompanions.Wewillberubbingshoulderswithaliensandcolonizingouterspace.Betterstill,ourdescendantsmightatlastliveinaworldatpeacewithitself.Thepredictionisthatwewillhavefoundasourceofinexhaustible,safe,greenenergy,andthatsciencewillhavekilledoffreligion.Iftheyarerightwewillhaveremovedtwoofthemaincausesofwar-ourdependenceonoilandreligiousprejudice.Willwereally,astoday'sscientistsclaim,beabletoliveforeveroratleastcheattheageingprocesssothattheaveragepersonlivesto150?Ofcourse,allthesepredictionscomewithascientifichealthwarning.HarvardprofessorStevenPinkersays:"Thisisaninvitationtolookfoolish,aswiththepredictionsofdomedcitiesandnuclear-poweredvacuumcleanersthatweremade50yearago.^^LivinglongerAnthonyAtala,directoroftheWakeForestInstituteinNorthCarolina,belivesfailingorganswillberepairedbyinjectingcellsintothebody.Theywillnaturallytostraighttotheinjuryandhelphealit.Asystemofinjectionswithoutneedlescouldalsoslowtheageingprocessbyusingthesameprocessto"tune"cells.BruceLahn,professorofhumangeneticsattheUniversityofChicago,anticipatestheabilitytoproduceuunlimitedsupplies^^oftransplantablehumanorganswithouttheneededaneworgan,suchaskidney,thesurgeonwouldcontactacommercialorganproducer,givehimthepatient'simmuno-logicalprofileandwouldthenbesentakidneywiththecorrecttissuetype.Theseorganswouldbeentirelycomposedofhumancells,grownbyintroducingthemintoanimalhosts,andalloweingthemtodeveoopintoandorganinplaceoftheanimaPsown.ButProf.Lahnbelievesthatfarmedbrainswouldbefcfcofflimits,,.Hesays:44Veryfewpeoplewouldwanttohavetheirbrainsreplacedbysomeoneelse'sandweprobablydon'twanttoputahumanbrainingananimalbody.^^RichardMiller,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,thinksscientistcoulddevelopfc*anthenticanti-ageingdrugs“byworkingouthowcellsinlargeranimalssuchaswhalesandhumanresistmanyformsofinjuries.Hesays:"It'sisnowroutine,inlaboratorymammals,toextendlifespanbyabout40%.Turningonthesameprotectivesystemsinpeopleshould,by2056,createthefirstclassof100-year-oldswhoareasvigorousandproductiveastoday'speopleintheir60s”AliensConlinPillinger,professorofplanerarysciencesattheOpenUniversity,says:MIfancythatatleastwewillbeabletoshowthatlifedidistarttoevolveonMarswellasEarth/'Within50yearshehopesscientistswillprovethatalienlifecamehereinMartianmeleorites（隕石）.ChrisMcKay,aplanetaryscientistatNASA'sAmesResearchCenter.believesthatin50yearswemayfindevidenceofalienlifeinancientpermanentforstofMarsoronotherplaners.Headds:叮hereisevenachancewewillfindalienlifeformshereonEarth.ltmightbeasdifferentasEnglishistoChinese.PricetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksit“l(fā)ikely“thatlifeformouterspacewillbediscovereddefore2056becausethetoolsforfindingit,suchasopticalandradiodetectionanddataprocessing,areimproving.Heays:"Assoonasthefirstevidenceisfound,wewillknowwhattolookfbrandadditionaldiscoveriesarelikelytofollowquickly.Suchdiscoveriesarelikelytohaverevolutionaryconsequencesfbrbiology,astronomyandphilosophy.Theymaychangethewaywelookatourselvesandourplaceintheuniverse.ColoniesinspaceRichardGottprofessorofastrophysicsatPrinceton,hopesmanwillsetupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,whichwouldbea“l(fā)ifeinsurancepolicyagainstwhatevercatastrophes,naturalorotherwise,mightoccuronEarth.“TherealspaceraceiswhetherwewillcoloniseoffEarthontootherworldsbeforemoneyforthespaceprogrammerunsout.”SpinalinjuriesEllenHeber-Katz,aprofessorattheWistarInstitudeinPhiladelphia,foreseescuresforinijuriescausingparalysissuchastheonethatafflicatedSupermanstarChristopherReeve.Shesays:'，believethatthedayisnotfaroffwhenwewillbeabletoprofescribedrugsthatcauseseveres（斷裂的）spinalcordstoheal,heartstoregenerateandlostlimbstoregrow.“Peoplewillcometoexpectthatinjuredordiseasedorgansaremeanttoberepairedfromwithin,inmuchthesamewaythatwefixanapplianceorautomobile:byreplancingthedamagedpartwithamanufacturer-certifiednewpart.^Shepredictthatwithin5to10yearsfingersandtoeswillberegrownandlimbswillstarttoberegrownafewyearslater.Repariestothenervoussystemwillstartwithopticnervesand,intime,thespinalcord."Within50yearswholebodyreplacementwillberoutine,'Trof.Heber-Katzadds.ObesitySydneyBrenner,seniordistinguishedfellowoftheCrick-JacobsCenterinCalifornia,wonthe2002NoblelPrizeforMedicineandsaysthatifthereisaglobaldisastersomehumanswillsurvive-andevolitionwillfavoursmallpeoplewithbodieslargeenoughtosupporttherequiredamountofbrainpower/'Obesity/'hesays/'willhavebeensolved.vRobotsRodneyBrooks,professorofroboticeatMIT,saystheproblemsofdevelopingartificialintelligenceforrobotswillbeatleastpartlyovercome.Asaresult,"thepossibilitiesfbrrobotsworkingwithpeoplewillopenupimmensely”EnergyBillJoy,greentechnologyexpertinCalifornia,says/'Themostsignificantbreakthroughtwouldbetohaveaninexhaustiblesourceofsafe,greenenergythatissubstantiallycheaperthananyexistingenergysource.”Ideally,suchasourcewouldbesafeinthatitcouldnotbemadeintoweaponsandwouldnotmakehazardousortoxicwasteorcarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegasblamedforglobalwarming.SocietyGeoffreyMiller,evolutionarypsychologistattheUniversityofNewMexico,saysf'TheUSwillfollowtheUKinrealizingthatreligionisnoraprerequisite(前提)forordinaryhumandecency.4*This,sciencewillkillreligion-notbyreasonchallengingfaithbutbyofferingamorepractical,uniwersalandrewardingmoralframeworkfbrhumaninteraction.MHealsopredictsthat“ahsurdlywastefur'displaysofwealthwillbecomeumfashionablewhiletheimportanceofclose-knitcommunitiesandfamilieswillbecomeclearer.Thesetherechanger,hesays,willhelpmakeusall^brighe^er,wiser,happierandkinder”.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。1.WhatisjohnIngham'sreportabout?A)AsolutiontotheglobalenergycrisisB)Extraordinaryadvancesintechnology.C)ThelatestdevelopmentsofmedicalscienceD)Scientists'visionoftheworldinhalfacenturyAccordingtoHarvardprofessorStevenPinker,predictionsaboutthefuture.A)mayinvitetroubleB)maynotcometrueC)willfoolthepublicD)domoreharmthangoodProfessorBruceLahnoftheUniversityofChicagopredictsthat.A)humanswon'thavetodonateorgansfortransplantationB)morepeoplewilldonatetheirorgansfbrtransplantationC)animalorganscouldbetransplantedintohumanbodiesD)organtransplantationwon'tbeasscaryasitistodayAccordingtoprofessorRichardMilleroftheUniversityofMichigan*,proplewill.A)lifeforaslongastheywishB)berelievedfromallsufferingsC)lifeto100andmorewithvitalityD)beabletolivelongerthanwhales.PricetonprofessorFreemanSysonthinksthat.A)scientistswillfindalienlifesimilartooursB)humanswillbeabletosettleonMarsC)alienlifewilllikelybediscoveredD)lifewillstarttoevolveonMars.AccordingtoPrincetonprofessorRichardGott,bysettingupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,Humans.A)MightsurviealIcatastrophesonearthB)MightacquireamplenaturalresourcesC)WillbeabletotraveltoMarsfreelyD)Willmovetheretoliveabetterlife.EllenHeber-Katz,professorattheWistarInstitueinPhiladelpia,predictsthat.A)humanorganscanbumanufacturedlikeappliancesB)peoplewillbeasstronganddymamicassupermenC)humannervescanbereplancedbyopticfibersD)lostfingersandlimbswillbeabletoregrow.rodneyBrookssaysthatitwillbepossibleforrobotstoworkwithhumansasaresultorthedevelopmentof_artificaialintelligenceforrobots.ThemostsignificantbreakthroughpredictedbyBilljoywillbeaninexhaustiblegreenenergysourcethatcan'tbeusedtomake_pollutionsAccordingtoGeoffreyMiller,sciencewillofferamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkinplaceofreligionPartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),angD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答A)ThemanmightbeabletoplayintheWorldCup.

Themansfbotballcareerseemstobeatanend.Themanwasoperatedonafewweeksago.Themanisafanofworld-famousfootballplayers.A)WorkoutaplantotightenhisbudgetFindouttheopeninghoursofthecafeteria.Applyforaseniorpositionintherestaurant.Solvehisproblembydoingapart-timejob.13.A)Afinancialburden.Agoodcompanion13.A)Afinancialburden.AgoodcompanionA)Theerrorswillbecorrectedsoon.Thewomanwasmistakenherself.A)Heneedshelptoretrievehisfiles.Hehastotypehispaperoncemore,conference.Arealnuisance.Awell-trainedpet.Thecomputingsystemistoocomplex.Hehascalledthewomanseveraltimes.Heneedssometimetopolishhispaper.Hewillbeawayforatwo-weekA)Theymighthavetochangetheirplan.Hehasgoteverythingsetfbrtheirtrip.Hehasaheavierworkloadthanthewoman.TheycouldstayinthemountainsuntilJune8.A)Theyhavewaitamonthtoapplyfbrastudentloan.Theycanfindtheapplicationformsinthebrochure.Theyarenoteligibleforastudentloan.Theyarenotlatefbraloanapplication.A)Newlawsareyettobemadetoreducepollutantrelease.Pollutionhasattractedlittleattentionfromthepublic.Thequalityofairwillsurelychangeforthebetter.It'lltakeyearstobringairpollutionundercontrol.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Enormoussizeofitsstores.Numerousvarietiesoffood.A)Enormoussizeofitsstores.Numerousvarietiesoffood.Itsappealingsurroundings.Itsrichandcolorfulhistory.A)Anancientbuilding.Aworldofantiques.A)Anancientbuilding.Aworldofantiques.AnEgyptianmuseum.AnEgyptianMemorial.A)Itspowerbillreaches$9millionayear.Itsellsthousandsoflightbulbsaday.Itsuppliespowertoanearbytown.Itgenerates70%oftheelectricityituses.A) 11,500 C)250,000B) 30,000 D)300,000Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A) Transferringtoanotherdepartment. C)Thinkingaboutdoingadifferentjob.Studyingaccounting atauniversity D)Makingpreparation forherwedding.A)Shehasfinallygotapromotionandapayraise.Shehasgotasatisfactoryjobinanothercompany.Shecouldatlastleavetheaccountingdepartment.Shemanagedtokeepherpositioninthecompany.A)HeandAndreahaveprovedtobeaperfectmatch.Hechangedhismindaboutmarriageunexpectedly.Hedeclaredthathewouldremainsingleallhislife.HewouldmarryAndreaevenwithoutmeetingher.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestion.Boththepassageandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce..Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。PassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyaremotorcyclesdesignatedforwatersports.Theyarespeedyboatsrestrictedinnarrowwaterways.Theyarebecominganefficientformofwatertransportation.Theyaregettingmorepopularasameansorwaterrecreation.A)Waterscooteroperators'lackofexperience.Vacationers,disregardofwatersafetyrules.Overloadingofsmallboatsandothercraft.Carelessnessofpeopleboatingalongtheshore.A)Theyscarewhalestodeath. C)Theydischargetoxicemissions.B)Theyproducetoomuchnoise. D)Theyendangerlotsofwaterlife.A)Expandoperatingareas. C)Limittheuseofwaterscooters.Restrictoperatinghours.D)Enforcenecessaryregulations.PassageTwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.A)Theyarestable. C)Theyarestrained.Theyareclose. D)Theyarechanging.A)Theyarefullyoccupiedwiththeirownbusiness.Notmanyofthemstayinthesameplacefbrlong.Notmanyofthemcanwintrustfromtheirneighbors.Theyattachlessimportancetointerpersonalrelations.A)Countoneachotherfbrhelp.C)Keepafriendlydistance.Giveeachotheracoldshoulder.D)Buildafencebetweenthem.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itmayproduceanincreasingnumberofidleyoungsters.ItmayaffectthequalityofhighereducationinAmerica.Itmaycausemanyschoolstogooutofoperation.Itmayleadtoalackofproperlyeducatedworkers.A)Itislessseriousincitiesthaninruralareas.B)Itaffectsbothjuniorandseniorhighschools.C)ltresultsfromaworseningeconomicclimate.D)ItisanewchallengefacingAmericaneducators.A)Allowingthemtochoosetheirfavoriteteachers.B)Creatingamorerelaxedlearningenvironment.ORewardingexcellentacademicperformance.D)Helpingthemtodevelopbetterstudyhabits.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyfbritsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadfbrthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanknumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtoHllinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownword.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。CompoundDictationFminterestedinthecriminaljusticesystemofourcountry.Itseemstomethatsomethinghastobedoneifwearetosurviveasacountry.Icertainlydon'tknowwhattheanswerstoourproblemsare.Thingscertainlygetcomplicatedinahurrywhenyougetintothem.ButIwonderifsomethingcouldn'tbedonetodealwithsomeoftheseproblems.OnethingI'mconcernedaboutisourpracticeofputtingoffendersinjailwhohaven*tharmedanyone.Whynotworkoutsomesystemwherebytheycanpaybackthedebtstheyowesocietyinsteadofincurringanotherdebtbygoingtoprison,andofcourse,comingundertheinfluenceofhardenedcriminals?Pmalsoconcernedabouttheshortprisonsentencespeopleareservingforseriouscrimes.Ofcourse,onealternativetothisistorestorecapitalpunishment,butI'mnotsureIwouldbeforthat.I'mnotsureit'srighttotakeaneyefbreye.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteouranswersonAnswerSheet2Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ifmovietrailers(預(yù)告片)aresupposedtocauseareaction,thepreviewfbr"United93"morethansucceeds.Featuringnofamousactors,itbeginswithimagesofabeautifulmorningandpassengersboardinganairplane.Ittakesyouaminutetorealizewhatthemovie*sevenabout.That9swhenaplanehitstheWorldTradeCenter,theeffectisvisceral(震撼心靈的).Whenthetrailerplayedbefore"InsideMan"lastweekataHollywoodtheater,audiencemembersbegancallingout,"Toosoon!"InNewYorkCity,theresponsewasevenmoredramatic.TheLoewstheaterinManhattantooktherarestepofpullingthetrailerfromitsscreensafterseveralcomplaints."United93'*isthefirstfeaturefilmtodealexplicitlywiththeeventsofSeptember11,2001,andiscertaintoigniteanemotionaldebate.Isittoosoon?Shouldthefilmhavebeenmadeatall?Moretothepoint,willanyonewanttoseeit?Other9/11projectsareonthewayasthefifthanniversaryoftheattacksapproaches,mostnotablyOliverStone's*'WorldTradeCenter.**butastheforerunner,"United93Hwilltakemostoftheheat,whetheritdeservesitornot.TherealUnited93crashedinaPennsylvaniafieldafter40passengersandcrewfoughtbackagainsttheterrorists.Writer-directorPau!Greengrasshasgonetogreatlengthstoberespectfulinhisdepictionofwhatoccurred,proceedingwiththefilmonlyaftersecuringtheapprovalofeveryvictim'sfamily.MWasIsurprisedattheagreement?Yes.Very.Usuallythere?reoneortwofamilieswhoYemorereluctant,"Greengrasswritesinane-mail."IwassurprisedattheextraordinarywaytheUnited93familieshavewelcomedusintotheirlivesandsharedtheirexperienceswithus."CaroleO'Hare,afamilymember,says,"Theywereveryopenandhonestwithus,andtheymadeusapartofthiswholeproject."Universal,whichisreleasingthefilm,planstodonate10%ofitsopeningweekendgrosstotheFlight93NationalMemorialFund.Thathasn*tstoppedcriticismthatthestudioisexploitinganationaltragedy.O*Harethinksthat*sunfair."Thisstoryhastobetoldtohonorthepassengersandcrewforwhattheydid,"shesays.nButmorethanthat,itraisesawareness.Ourportsaren'tsecure.Ourbordersaren'tsecure.Ourairlinesstillaren'tsecure,andthisiswhathappenswhenyou'renotsecure.That'sthemessageIwantpeopletohear.**注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答Thetrailerfor"United93"succeededincausingareactionwhenitplayedinthetheatersinHollywoodandNewYorkCity.Themovie"United93Hissuretogiverisetoanemotionaldebate.Whatdidwriter-directorPaulGreengrassobtainbeforeheproceededwiththemovie?theapprovalofeveryvictim'sfamilyUniversal,whichisreleasing"United93"，hasbeencriticizedforexploitinganationaltragedy.CaroleO'Harethinksthatbesideshonoringthepassengersandcrewforwhattheydid,thepurposeoftellingthestoryistoraisetheawarenessaboutsecurity.SectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethoughtthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Imaginewakingupandfindingthevalueofyourassetshasbeenhalved.No,you'renotaninvestorinoneofthosehedgefundsthatfailedcompletely.Withthedollarslumpingtoa26-yearlowagainstthepound,already-expensiveLondonhasbecomequiteunaffordable.AcoffeeatStarbucks,justasunavoidableinEnglandasitisintheUnitedStates,runsabout$8.Theonceall-powerfuldollarisn'tdoingaTitanicagainstjustthepound.Itissittingatarecordlowagainsttheeuroandata30-yearlowagainsttheCanadiandollar.EventheArgentinepesoandBrazilianrealarethrivingagainstthedollar.Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,fbranation'sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency.Ifsalsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates.AndyettherearesubstantialsectorsofthevastU.S.economy-fromgiantcompanieslikeCoca-Colatomom-and-poprestaurantoperatorsinMiami-forwhichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews.ManyEuropeansmayviewtheU.S.asanarrogantsuperpowerthathasbecomehostiletoforeigners.ButnothingmakespeoplethinkmorewarmlyoftheU.S.thanaweakdollar.ThroughApril,thetotalnumberofvisitorsfromabroadwasup6.8percentfromlastyear.Shouldthetrendcontinue,thenumberoftouriststhisyearwillfinallytopthe2000peak?ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico-asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty,allwhileignoringthefactthatthepoorerlocalscan'taffordtojointhemerrymaking.Themoneytouristsspendhelpsdecreaseourchronictradedeficit.Sodoexports,whichthanksinparttotheweakdollar,soared11percentbetweenMay2006andMay2007.Forfirstfivemonthsof2(X)7,thetradedeficitactuallyfell7percentfrom2006.IfyouownsharesinlargeAmericancorporations,you'reawinnerintheweak-dollargamble.LastweekCoca-Cola'sstickbubbledtoafive-yearhighafteritreportedafantasticquarter.Foreignsalesaccountedfbr65percentofCoke'sbeveragebusiness.OtherAmericancompaniesprofitingfromthistrendincludeMcDonald'sandIBM.Americantourists,however,shouldn'texpectanyreliefsoon.Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup-slowly,andthenallatonce.Andcurrenciesdon'tturnonadime.Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?A)Theireconomyisplunging B)Theycan'taffordtripstoEuropeC)Theircurrencyhasslumped D)Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets..HowdoesthecurrentdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?A)TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEngland.B)Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom-and-poprestaurants.C)Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.D)Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems.HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.Swiththedevalueddollar?A)TheyfeelcontemptuousofitB)Theyaresympatheticwithit.C)Theyregarditasasuperpoweronthedecline.D)Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.whatistheauthor'sadvicetoAmericans?A.TheytreatthedollarwithalittlerespectB.Theytrytowinintheweak-dollargambleC.TheyvacationathomeratherthanabroadD.Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"currenciesdon'tturnonadime”(Line2,Para7)?A.Thedollar'svaluewillnotincreaseintheshortterm.B.ThevalueofadollarwillnotbereducedtoadimeC.Thedollar'svaluewilldrop,butwithinasmallmargin.D.FewAmericanswillchangedollarsintoothercurrencies.PassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefights.Wearepushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATpreparatorycoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.I'vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.Weseeourkids'collegebackgroundaseprizedemonstratinghowwellwe'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsession(癡迷)ismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe'vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn'tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughprizestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.Underlyingthehysteria(歇斯底里)isthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthatisplausible andmostlywrong.Wehaven'tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters.Selectiveschoolsdon'tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanlessselectiveschools.Ontwomeasures professors'feedbackandthenumberofessayexams selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates9lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2-4%fbrevery100-poinntincreaseinaschoofsaverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke（偶然）.Awell-knownstudyexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.Gettingintoyalemaysignifyintellgence,talentandAmbition.Butit'snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisnotlifeonlycompetiton.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.princetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGREhelpdexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn't.So,parents,lightenup.thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.theveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfbrdisappointment.onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtodeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.注意此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。.Whydosetheauthorsaythatparengsarethetruefightersinthecollege-admissionswars?A.Theyhavethefinalsayinwhichuniversitytheirchildrenaretoattend.B.Theyknowbestwhichuniversitiesaremostsuitablefortheirchildren.C.theyhavetocarryoutintensivesurveyso