托 福 名 詞(必須講)

托福名詞(必須講)托福名詞(必須講)托福名詞(必須講)托福名詞(必須講)編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:A.重要的可數(shù)名詞discovery,cloud,mineral,metal,material,substance,

population,effort,effect,animal,plant,mammal,

insect,tree,herb,shrub,element,function,feature,

picture,result,clue,star,reason,audience,device,

structure,human,humanbeing,system,fashion,kind,

resource,source,origin,pioneer,automobile,purpose,

style,response,number,amount,variety,quantity,type

B.常見的不可數(shù)名詞

poemjewela~of

furniture,luggage,clothing,equipment,poetry,jewelry,

machinery,weaponry,scenery,information,knowledge,

homework,evidence(that),foliage,advertising,health

C.常見的不規(guī)則名詞

bebasedon

*tooth,foot一定錯

amanteacher;2menteachers

man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,goose-geese,

basis-bases,analysis-analyses,crisis-crises,axis-axes,

hypothesis-hypotheses,alga-algae,lava-laver,

fungus-fungi,stimulus-stimuli,datum-data,medium-media,

bacterium-bacteria,spectrum-spectra,mouse-mice,

child-children=people,phenomenon-phenomena

D常見的單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞

aircraft,spacecraft等craft結(jié)尾的詞

（anaircraft/tenaircraft）

species,series,means(mean不加s不是名詞)

(aspecies/tenspecies)sheep,deer,trout（鱒魚）,carp（鯉魚）,salmon,fish-（twofish/afish）1.物質(zhì)名詞不可數(shù)

：water,coal,rain,steel,sunlight=Unouns(excessiverains:過量的雨水；aheavyrain一場大雨；therains:雨季)2.抽象名詞不可數(shù)

evidence證據(jù)不可數(shù)，intelligence不可數(shù)，advice建議皆不可數(shù)

3.學(xué)科不可數(shù)

mathematics,economics,statistics,physics,politics,

mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,

philosophy,biology,history,ecology4.疾病不可數(shù):measles,mumps(腮腺炎),diabetes(糖尿病)

5.總稱不可數(shù)

machinery；weaponry；citizenry魚類一般單復(fù)同形

6.單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)意義有差異的名詞

（可以不講）

sky-skies(氣候)water-waters(水系，永遠(yuǎn)不錯)

good-goods(貨物)part-parts(才能)

custom=customs(海關(guān))spectacle(風(fēng)景)-spectacles(眼鏡)

letter-letters(文人)arm-arms(武器)

force-forces(武裝力量)

7.即可數(shù)又不可數(shù)的名詞

不可數(shù)可數(shù)

paper紙文件

rock碎巖塊巖

brick磚料，磚塊Stone:石料，石頭sugar砂糖方糖

work作品；工作著作；工廠，工程，工事

room空間房間

time時間倍數(shù)，時代

*art：

art泛指藝術(shù)不可數(shù)

一種藝術(shù)anart

各種各樣的藝術(shù)arts

eighteenpiecesofpaper十八張紙

eighteennewspapers十八種報紙

此類：強(qiáng)調(diào)種類就屬于可數(shù)

二、名詞作定語的單復(fù)數(shù)問題

amanteacher/twomenteachers

(A)名詞作主語，即noun.修飾noun.,前面的名詞必須是單數(shù)

coloreffects,employmentagencies,sentenceforms,treetrunks

（干）

例外：asalesgirl,asalestax

agreetingscard,asportscar

asavingsbank,acommunicationssatellite

asystemsengineering,surroundings,clothes

(B)man或woman修飾noun.時，其單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該同時變

awomanboxer->womenboxers,menteachers

(C)表示某一學(xué)科的教授、學(xué)生、教科書、實驗室...時，只能用

學(xué)科名本身修飾

amathematicalprofessor錯

amathematicsprofessor

abiologicaltextbook錯

:abiologytextbook

thechemicallab錯

achemistrylab

thehighestscienceaward錯

amathematicalmodel對

三、重要的限定詞

:用在名詞前面

(A)many+復(fù)數(shù)

men,people,books

much+不可數(shù)n

time,water

看見many去找復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Wehaveasmanystudentsas

26.Youcantakeasmanystudentsasyoulike.asmuchas

50percentofthemoney

~~~~~~不可數(shù)~~~~~不可數(shù)

many和much可為代詞

manyof...,muchof...,...bymany

(B)some,any后跟單/復(fù)數(shù),不可數(shù)/可數(shù)均可

someobject某一物體

someobjects一些物體

somemoney一些錢

sometime

也可作代詞：someof...,anyof...

(C)few/afew,little/alittle

fewstudents/afewstudentsalittleEnglish,littlewater

~~~~~~~~+可數(shù)~~~~~~~~~~~+不可數(shù)

few+復(fù)數(shù)

(D)every/each+單可

eachmajorstyles錯

eachtenboys對

everyfouryears對

(E)數(shù)詞/several+復(fù)數(shù)

fiveaircraft對

severalsetting錯

(F)oneof/among+復(fù)數(shù)

*beconsidered(tobe)+noun./adj.

beregardedas

beviewedas

(G)first/only/single+單/復(fù)均可

thefirstschool第一所學(xué)校

thefirstschools第一批學(xué)校

asingle+單可

=oneasinglestudent=onestudent

nosingle+復(fù)可

(H)hundred,thousand,million,billion

fivehundredboys,hundredsofboys,hundredmillionboys

thousandsofstudents,millionsof(I)another+單可

anotherperson

other+復(fù)名(純粹的other)

otherpersons

anyother+單可

例外：otherpart.(part永遠(yuǎn)對)

(J)anumberof+復(fù)noun.+復(fù)Verb

thenumberof+復(fù)noun.+單verb

Anumberofstudentsareinterestedinsports.Thenumberofthestudentsis26.

限定詞：(1)Many,anumberof,alargenumberof,agreatmany,few,afew,Agreatmanypeople/students(