中考英語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)課件

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ThePresent

Perfect

Tense主講人：XXX現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義：過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或可能持續(xù)持續(xù)下去。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)這么多雪已經(jīng)融化了。Somuchsnowhasalreadymeltedaway.主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+過去分詞我已經(jīng)愛上這個(gè)地方。I

havefalleninlovewiththisplace。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞用has現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的形式肯定式主語+have/has+過去分詞（done）否定式主語+haven’t/hasn’t+過去分詞（done）一般疑問句Have/Has+主語+過去分詞（done）肯定回答：Yes,主語+have/has.否定回答：No,主語+haven’t/hasn’t.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的形式特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句寫出下列句子的否定式，一般疑問句，和畫線部分提問。TomhasalreadygonetoBeijing.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1.表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能繼續(xù)下去。Ihavebeenherefortwoyears.我已經(jīng)在這兒待兩年了。HehastaughtEnglishsincefiveyearsago.他五年前就開始教英語了。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法2.表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響。-Howdoyoulikethefilm?-Sorry.Ihaven’tseenthefilm.(我不知道這電影講什么）?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與不確定的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：already、yet、never、ever、just、recently、before、sofar、untilnow、次數(shù)等與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用：

for+一段時(shí)間since+一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)since+一段時(shí)間+agosince+一般過去時(shí)句子inthepast+一段時(shí)間現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞1.already與yet

already通常用于肯定句，位于句中或句末；位于句中時(shí)，在助動(dòng)詞之后。Shehasalreadyfinishedherhomework.

yet通常用于否定句或疑問句，一般位于句末。Hehasn’tgonetoBeijingyet.按要求改寫句子。Myclassmateshavealreadyplantedalotoftrees.(改為否定句）Myclassmates___________________alotoftrees_________.haven’tplantedyet現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞since+2.for與sincefor+一段時(shí)間一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)一段時(shí)間+ago一般過去時(shí)句子選for或since填空。Lindahaspractisedplayingthepiano__________tenyears.Theyhavebeenawayfromthistown__________alongtime.Wehavebeenhere________tenyearsago.IhavelearntEnglish______Icametothisschool.forforsincesince注意：對(duì)“for+時(shí)間段”或“since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/一般過去時(shí)句子”提問時(shí)，用特殊疑問詞howlong“多長時(shí)間”?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞3.

never(從不）

與ever（曾經(jīng)）never用于句中，助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，表示否定意義。ever用于肯定句和疑問句中，在句中位于助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前。HaveyoueverbeentoAmerica?你曾經(jīng)去過美國嗎？Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.我以前從沒去過。havebeento/havegoneto/havebeenin區(qū)別havebeento表示去過某地（已經(jīng)回來）havegoneto表示去了某地（尚未回）havebeenin表示待在某地多長時(shí)間，通常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用完成下列句子。She________________Americathreetimes.MrBlackisn’therenow.He________________Beijingonabusinesstour.We________________thissmallvillagefortwomonths.hasbeentohasgonetohavebeenin現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的辨析一般過去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，不說明現(xiàn)在的情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。常用時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：justnow、ago、inthepast、yesterday；thedaybeforeyester、lastweek/night/month…、in1998/…、attheageof…等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)影響。注意標(biāo)志詞：justnowinthepast一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)justinthepast+一段時(shí)間現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的辨析1.Thedebateonwhethertokeeppets____fortyminutesyesterdayafternoon.(2018上海)A.last B.lastedC.willlast D.haslasted2.They____inBeijingfortwoweeks.Doyouknowwhen____theygothere?A.havebeen;do B.havegone;didC.havebeen;did D.havegone;doBC延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞（如come，leave，go等）表示行為結(jié)果，不與時(shí)間段連用；與時(shí)間段連用時(shí)，需轉(zhuǎn)換為表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Heleftthreehoursago.他三個(gè)小時(shí)前離開了。

（表示結(jié)果）Hehasbeenawayforthreehours.他已經(jīng)離開三個(gè)小時(shí)了。（表示狀態(tài)）Iborrowedthisbooktwoweeksago.這本書我兩個(gè)星期前借的。Ihavekeptthisbookfortwoweeks.這本書我已經(jīng)借兩個(gè)星期了。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞常用的短暫性動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)的可轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：become—be begin—haveborrow—keep buy—havecome(go,arriver,get)—behere/there/in.. die—bedead finish—beover leave—beaway(from)…join—bein…(beamemberof…) 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞練一練：1.Thelittleboyjoinedthepartytwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Thelittleboy________________________thepartyfortwoyears.2.Hisfatherhasbeendeadsincehewasfive.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Hisfather________fiveyears________.3.Iboughtthebikefiveyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）I________________thebikesincefiveyearsago.hasbeenindiedagohavehad延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞注意：但在否定句中，短暫性動(dòng)詞可以與時(shí)間段連用。如:lhaven‘tboughtthiscarforayear.我買這輛小汽車還不到一年。Shehasn‘tcomeherefortwominutes.她來這兒還沒有兩分鐘。特殊句型“Itis+一段時(shí)間+since+句子（一般過去時(shí)）”=“一段時(shí)間+haspassed+since+句子（一般過去時(shí)）”ItisthreeyearssinceIcamehere.我來這里已經(jīng)三年了。ThreeyearshaspassedsinceIcamehere.自從我來到這里已經(jīng)三年了。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey____what'shappenedtohim.A.knew B.haveknownC.mustknow D.willknow2.Mr.Smithhas____beentoLondon,hashe?A.already B.neverC.ever D.stillBB專項(xiàng)練習(xí)3.ZhaoLin____already____inthisschoolfortwoyearsA.was;studying B.will;studyC.has;studied D.are;studying4.ForrestGumpisaverynicefilm.I____ittwice.A.willsee B.haveseenC.saw D.seeCB專項(xiàng)練習(xí)5.-ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.-Really?When____there?A.willtheygo B.didtheygoC.dotheygo D.havetheygone6.Hisfather____thePartysince1978.A.joined B.hasjoinedC.wasin D.hasbeeninBD專項(xiàng)練習(xí)7.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She____tothelibrary.A.hasgone B.wentC.willgo D.hasbeen8.-____you____yourhomeworkyet?-Yes.I____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinished D.will;do;finishAB專項(xiàng)練習(xí)9.-Howlonghaveyou____here?-Abouttwomonths.A.been B.goneC.come D.arrived10.Hurryup!Theplay____fortenminutes.A.hasbegun B.hadbegunC.hasbeenon D.BeganAC專項(xiàng)練習(xí)11.It____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.is B.hasC.will D.was12.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,____?A.sothey B.don'ttheyC.havethey D.haven'ttheyAD專項(xiàng)練習(xí)按要求完成句子，每空一詞。1.IhavebeentoNewYorkbefore.(改為否定句)I________________beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn'tcomeherebecausehewasill.(就劃線部分提問)________________hecomehere?3.Iboughtan