考研考博-英語-宜賓學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宜賓學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby（

）.

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

（

）.

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

（

）.

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

（

）.

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince（

）.

問題1選項

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

問題2選項

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

問題3選項

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

問題4選項

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

問題5選項

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對美國政府的信心下降了多少？”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年，說明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認(rèn)為大政府對國家未來的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認(rèn)為大政府有威脅（A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices），由此可知國民對政府的信心下降了51%。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在大蕭條時期前美國政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時期美國人對華盛頓本能的謹(jǐn)慎”（We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression），說明在大蕭條時期政府在民眾心中的地位就低，選項B符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認(rèn)為國會會把事情搞砸（Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer），選項D符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中，62%的美國人認(rèn)為政客的道德和誠實度已經(jīng)下降（OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen），以及比起通過好的法規(guī)，議員們花更多的時間在他們的政治前途上嗎？（Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?）可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位，選項C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定，他們往往更滿意（sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied），選項C符合題意。

2.單選題

Theidealcompanionmachine-thecomputer-wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesthatmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(n)-way（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthorisinhisattitudetowardthecomputer（

）.

5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Activeincommunication

B.Attractiveinpersonality.

C.enjoyableinperformance

D.unpredictableinbehavior

問題2選項

A.Quick

B.unpredictable

C.productive

D.inconspicuous.

問題3選項

A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife

D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

問題4選項

A.favorable

B.critical

C.vague

D.hesitant

問題5選項

A.Artificialrelationships.

B.Howtoformintimaterelationships

C.Theaffectionatemachine

D.Humansandcomputers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。第一段指出:machinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(機器有一點不可預(yù)測),因此D項與原文不符。

2.細節(jié)題。第二段:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(整個過程將以一種微妙的方式完成，以避免給人一種過于熟悉的印象，這可能會引起不安)。表明這種電腦與人類建立關(guān)系的過程是'inasubtleway,故選D項(不顯眼的，不引人注意的)。

3.細節(jié)題。第一段:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown(它有時會主動發(fā)展或改變話題，并擁有自己的個性),可以看出A跟D項有提到,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(但當(dāng)它逐漸了解用戶時，它會發(fā)展成一種更輕松、更貼心的風(fēng)格),可以看出C項有提到。而B選項(對早起的接觸很敏感)與"Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant"不符,故選B。

4.態(tài)度方向。形容這種電腦作者用到的詞匯有:comfortable、interesting等,不難看出作者對這種電腦的態(tài)度是"favorable"贊賞的。

5.主旨大意題。作者介紹了這種“仿真交際”電腦與人類如何建立關(guān)系，并圍繞這種電腦的各項特點來介紹它是具有人情味、人性化的,因此C項作標(biāo)題最合適。

3.單選題

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問題1選項

A.exposure

B.disclosure

C.contact

D.connection

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。exposureto“暴露于”；disclosure“揭發(fā)”；contact“接觸”；connection“聯(lián)系”。句意：過多暴露在X射線下對皮膚有傷害，也可能導(dǎo)致癌癥或者其他傷害。選項A符合題意。

4.寫作題

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Writeacompositionofabout350wordsentitledAnOccupationthatCanBringMyCreativeDrivesandTechnicalKnowledgeintoFullPlay.

【答案】【略】

5.單選題

Envyhasbecomeadrivewheelofourmodernworld.Itisthepassionthatgovernsoureconomiclife.Moderncapitalismreliesonitsabilitytocreateandincreasescarcityanditthereforedependslargelyontheomnipresenceofenvy.Inaffluentsocietiestheavailabilityofmaterialgoodsincreasesthedemandforpositionalgoodsbasedonsocialscarcity.Mostoftenitis“envy，emulation,orpride”creatingthiskindofscarcity,inwhichsatisfactionisderivedfromrelativepositionalone,beinginfront,orfrombeingbehind.”Aslongaspeopledesirewhatothersdesirescarcitywillbethenever-endingconditionofourlivesthatkeepsoureconomyrunning.Throughenvynearlyanyobjectcanturnintoadesirablecommoditypromisingunendinghappiness.

Modernadvertisingisthebestexampletoillustratetheimportanceofenvytokeepoureconomygoing.Advertisingusesenvytomakecommoditiesdesirable.Posters,announcementsandTV-spotsshowusenviablepeoplewhohavethosethingsandgoodswelackbutnonethelessneedtogainhappiness.Advertisementsellsproductswiththehelpofenviouscontagion.Mostofthetimeenvyitselfremainshiddenandisnotdirectlymentionedincommercials.Buteventhismaynolongerbetrue.Envyseemstoloseitstraditionalbadreputation.Moreandmorecommercialsdirectlyrefertoenvytomaketheircommoditiesmoredesirable.Themostwell-knownexampleofanopenreferencetoenvyisaperfumeproducedbytheItaliancompanyGucciwiththebrandname“Envy”promisingthatyouwillnotonlybeenviedforsomeexternalobjectthatbelongstoyoubutforyourveryself-embodiedinaseductivefragrance.

Thoseofyoufamiliarwithtraditionaldefinitionsofenvyandemulationmay,however,questionmythesisthatourmoderneconomyisdrivenbyenvy.Isitreallyenvythatgovernsoureconomyorwouldnotemulationbeamoreappropriateandlessmoralizingterm?Thereisaneasyanswertothisquestion.Inparallelwiththeemergenceofourmodernworldandtheriseofcapitalismthetraditionaldistinctionbetweenbadenvyandgoodemulationhasslowlylostitsmeaning.WhereImmanuelKant,forinstance,referstothepassionsnatureusestoturnasheepish,idleandinactiveArcadiaintoaprosperousculturehereferstoan“enviouslycompetitivevanity”thatnolongerallowsaneatdistinctionbetweenenvyandemulationbutmentionsaformofhumandesirecomprisingboththesetraditionallydistinguishedemotions.

1.Envyisthedrivingforceofmoderneconomicdevelopmentbecause（）.

2.Whatistheessenceofenvythatkeepseconomygoing?

3.Whatistheillusionadvertisementbringstoitsconsumers?

4.TaketheItalianperfume“Envy”foranexample,theword“envy”（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisbadenvy?

6.AccordingtoKant,thecommonnessbetweenenvyandemulationis（）.

問題1選項

A.itgivesrisetomodernconsumerism

B.iturgespeopletopossessmoreandbettergoods

C.itistheprerequisiteofhighproductivity

D.thepassionofithelpsproducemoregoods

問題2選項

A.Thepursuitofvanity.

B.Thewishoftheprosperityofproducts.

C.Thecreativityofadvertisements.

D.Thefulfillmentofambition.

問題3選項

A.Onlythoseadvertisedgoodsaretrustworthy.

B.Togetwhathasbeenadvertisedistogainhappiness.

C.Tohaveafeelingthatonehasbecomethebestintheworld.

D.Themoreonepossesses,thehigherpositionhewillhave.

問題4選項

A.meansmorepositivelynow

B.hastotallydifferentmeaningnow

C.hasbeenfullytakenadvantageof

D.canembodyabetterself

問題5選項

A.Thefeelingthatforcesustopreventotherspossessingthegoods.

B.Thefeelingthatmakesustrytoobtainthegoodsoftheother.

C.Astrongdesireforwhatotherspossess.

D.Anyoftheabove-mentionedfeelings.

問題6選項

A.moralization

B.competitiveness

C.vanity

D.passion

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。文章第一段提到現(xiàn)在資本主義依賴于它創(chuàng)造和增加稀缺的能力，在很大程度上依賴于無處不在的嫉妒（Moderncapitalismreliesonitsabilitytocreateandincreasescarcityanditthereforedependslargelyontheomnipresenceofenvy），通過嫉妒幾乎所有的商品都可能轉(zhuǎn)化成令人向往的商品（Throughenvynearlyanyobjectcanturnintoadesirablecommoditypromisingunendinghappiness），由此可知嫉妒能夠促使人們?nèi)碛懈喔玫纳唐?，因此選項B符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句話提到只要人們渴望別人渴望的東西，我們生活中稀缺的商品就不會有止境，這樣我們的經(jīng)濟就能得以運轉(zhuǎn)（Aslongaspeopledesirewhatothersdesirescarcitywillbethenever-endingconditionofourlivesthatkeepsoureconomyrunning），因此選項A”追求虛榮”符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章第二段第三句話提到海報、公告和電視廣告像我們展示了令人嫉妒的人擁有我們沒有的但需要有的東西，通過擁有這些東西可以獲得幸福（Posters,announcementsandTV-spotsshowusenviablepeoplewhohavethosethingsandgoodswelackbutnonethelessneedtogainhappiness），因此選項B”得到廣告中的東西就能得到幸?！本褪菑V告給消費者帶來的幻覺。

4.判斷推理題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到嫉妒似乎失去了它傳統(tǒng)的壞名聲，越來越多的廣告直接提到嫉妒，使他們的商品更受歡迎，其中一個著名的例子就是意大利Gucci公司生產(chǎn)的一款名為”Envy”的香水。由此可知越來越多的廣告直接將這個詞當(dāng)成了賣點，因此選項C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章中廣告利用的嫉妒心與傳統(tǒng)意義上的壞的嫉妒是不一樣的，廣告利用的嫉妒心是指你受人嫉妒的不僅是你所擁有的東西，還有這個東西所代表的自我（youwillnotonlybeenviedforsomeexternalobjectthatbelongstoyoubutforyourveryself-embodiedinaseductivefragrance），因此除此之外的嫉妒都可算作badenvy。因此選項D符合題意。

6.細節(jié)事實題。文章最后一段提到激情（嫉妒）把一個怯弱的、無所事事的世外桃源變成了一種繁榮的文化，他稱其為”嫉妒的、攀比的虛榮”，使得嫉妒與模仿之間沒有明確的界限（WhereImmanuelKant,forinstance,referstothepassionsnatureusestoturnasheepish,idleandinactiveArcadiaintoaprosperousculturehereferstoan“enviouslycompetitivevanity”thatnolongerallowsaneatdistinctionbetweenenvyandemulation），因此選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

______isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducednoconcreteproposals.

問題1選項

A.That

B.It

C.This

D.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞的用法。as在做關(guān)系代詞時，表示“正如……一樣”。句意：正如新想法經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的情況一樣，許多初步活動和樂觀的討論都不會產(chǎn)生具體的建議。因此D選項符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Inordertocontrolandreduceenvironmentalpollutioncausedbydiscardedwasteelectronicinformationproducts,saveresourcesandpromotesustainabledevelopmentoftheelectronicinformationindustry,accordingtotheprovisionoftheAdministrationontheControlofPollutionCausedbyElectronicInformationProducts,theelectronicinformationproductssoldinthemarketwithintheterritoryofChinashallsatisfywiththefollowingrequirements:theenvironmentalprotectionmaterials,technologiesandprocessesshallbeintroducedaccordingtotheNationalStandardsorsectoralstandards;thesafe-uselife,namesandcontentsoftoxicandharmfulsubstancescontainedthereinandrecoverymarksshallbeclearlyindicatedontheproducts;non-toxic,harmless，readilydegradableandrecyclablematerialsshallbeusedasthepackagingmaterials，andthematerialsingredientsofthepackagingshallbeclearlymarked.

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese

【答案】為了控制和減少由電子產(chǎn)品廢棄物造成的環(huán)境污染，節(jié)約資源，推動電子產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，根據(jù)《電子信息產(chǎn)品污染控制管理辦法》的規(guī)定，在中國市場銷售的電子產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該滿足以下要求：引進的環(huán)境保護材料、技術(shù)和加工方法應(yīng)該按照國家或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該清晰標(biāo)明產(chǎn)品有毒有害物質(zhì)的安全使用壽命、名稱和內(nèi)容以及回收標(biāo)志；包裝材料應(yīng)使用無毒無害、易于降解和可再生材料，其材料成分也要清楚標(biāo)示。

8.翻譯題

Putthefollowing3ChinesesentencesintoEnglishand3EnglishsentencesintoChinese.

事實上，與普通高校畢業(yè)生相比，名校畢業(yè)生由于享受更好的資源、受到更好的教育，所以他們也就更有創(chuàng)造力和生產(chǎn)力。而且，從知名高校畢業(yè)的學(xué)生會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無論在心理上還是在學(xué)術(shù)上都更突出一些，因而也更加自信，這就形成了良性循環(huán)。

幾周以前，英國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局(FSA)發(fā)表了一份報告。報告評估了有機生產(chǎn)的水果、蔬菜、肉類、蛋類和奶制品等與非有機生產(chǎn)的同類食品營養(yǎng)水平的差異。這是一項完整而嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)难芯?。通過研究他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在營養(yǎng)成分上，有機和非有機食品間的差距可以忽略不計。

根據(jù)心理學(xué)家克里斯托弗?彼得森的觀點，自尊與幸福度和生活滿意度有關(guān)。我們尊心越強，幸福度和生活滿意度就越高。它要求我們對自己的自尊有清醒的認(rèn)識，但不要期待自己會十全十美。要原諒自己犯下的錯誤，并盡快擺脫消極的態(tài)度。

Theobesityisanationalhealthcrisis,onethat—quiteliterally—weighsonusall.Itcostslives.Itcostsdollars.Andinthecontextofourcurrenthealth-reformdebateinWashington,it’stimewetookaction,asanationandasindividuals,toaddressthiscost.Whileinfectiousdiseasewasadisasterthreateningourgrandparents'generation,chronicdiseaseiskillingusandharmingourwell-being—andobesityistherootcause.Thegrowthinobesityisstronglylinkedtoheartdisease,hypertension,andtheexplosionofdiabetesthatourcountryiscurrentlyexperiencing.

Thecontextofleadershipischanging,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmoderncompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchiesarebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion.Instead,thereshouldbeasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowertoLead,stressesacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichiscalledsmartpower,isthebestapproach.

ForEmilyDickinsontherearethreeworlds,andshelivedinallofthem,makingthemthesubstanceofeverythingthatshethoughtandwrote.Therewastheworldofnature,thethingsandthecreaturesthatshesaw,heard,feltabouther;therewasthe"estate"thatwastheworldoffriendship;andtherewastheworldoftheunseenandunheard.Fromheryouthshewaslookeduponasdifferent.Shewasdirect,impulsive,original,andthedrollwitwhosaidunconventionalthingswhichothersthoughtbutdarednotspeak,andsaidthemincomparablywell.Thecharacteristics,whichmadeherinscrutabletothosewhoknewher,continuetobewilderandsurprise,forshelivedbyparadoxes.

【答案】Asamatteroffact,thegraduatesfromeliteschoolsaremorecreativeandproductivethanthosefromcommonschools,asbetterresourcesandeducationareavailablefortheformer.Furthermore,whatcontributestothebetterdevelopmentisthatthegraduatesfromeliteschoolsaremoreconfident,becausetheyfindthemselvesoutstandingbothinmentalityandinacademy.

Afewweeksago,theFoodStandardsAgency(FSA)intheUKissuedareportevaluatingnutrientlevelsinorganicversusnon-organicfoodslikefruits,vegetables,meats,eggs,anddairyproducts.Itisacomplete,rigorouspieceofresearch.Andtheyfoundthat,intermsofnutritionalcontent,thedifferencesbetweenorganicandnon-organicfoodsarenegligible.

Thepsychologist,ChristopherPeterson,suggestthatself-esteemisrelatedtohappinessandlifesatisfaction.Thestrongertheself-esteemis,themorehappinessandlifesatisfactionyouwillachieve.Wearerequiredtohaveareasonableunderstandingthatself-esteemdoesnotmeanalwaysbeingperfectandweshouldforgiveourmistakesandgetridofthenegativeattitudeassoonaspossible.

肥胖是一場全國性的健康危機，并且毫不夸張地說，它對我們大家都很重要。它危險生命、消耗金錢。目前在華盛頓進行的醫(yī)療改革談?wù)撝?，現(xiàn)在是我們作為一個國家和個人采取行動解決這一問題的時候了。雖然傳染病曾威脅我們祖父母一代，但慢性疾病正在折磨著我們，侵蝕著我們的幸福，而肥胖是根本原因。肥胖的增長與我國目前正在經(jīng)歷的心臟病、高血壓和糖尿病的爆發(fā)密切相關(guān)。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力發(fā)揮作用的環(huán)境正在發(fā)生改變，因此過去強調(diào)硬實力的理論正逐漸過時。在現(xiàn)代企業(yè)和民主國家，權(quán)力日益擴散，傳統(tǒng)的等級制度正在受到破壞，使軟實力變得更加重要。但是那并不意味著高壓政治現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該讓位于勸導(dǎo)手段。相反，應(yīng)該綜合這兩種觀點?！额I(lǐng)導(dǎo)的力量》這本書的結(jié)論強調(diào)稱為巧實力的軟硬實力的結(jié)合才是最好的方法。

對艾米麗?狄金森來說，存在三種世界，她生活在這三種世界之中，使它們成為她思想和寫作的材料。一種是自然的世界，為她所看、所聽、所感受到的事物和生物；一種是友情的世界，是屬于“個人財產(chǎn)”；還有一種看不見、聽不見的世界。從她年輕的時候起，人們就認(rèn)為她與眾不同。她直率、沖動、獨樹一幟。另外，她還是一位愛打趣的才女，是那種能說出別人想說去敢說說的不合常規(guī)的想法，而且說得非常好。這些使她不為所知曉她的人所理解的性格特征繼續(xù)令人迷惑和驚訝，因為她生活在矛盾之中。

9.單選題

Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancreaturessuchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.

TheNazca“l(fā)ines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feel—meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftin300B.C.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwriterErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.ThescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvonDaniken’stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehasbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisdirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfromLatinAmericapast,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.

WilltheInternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?Perhapsitisastepintherightdirection.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theNazcalineswerefound____.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,the____theimagestheypresent.

4.TherehasbeenincreasinginterestintheNazcalinesmainlybecauseof____.

5.Theauthoris____abouttheroleoftheInternetinsolvingmysteries.

問題1選項

A.LatinAmericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena.

B.PublicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikePeru.

C.PublicinterestusuallyfocusesonNorthAmericaandEurope.

D.Someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries.

問題2選項

A.inmountains

B.Pinstones

C.onanimals

D.onaplain

問題3選項

A.smaller

B.larger

C.clearer

D.brighter

問題4選項

A.theparticipationofscientists

B.theemergenceoftheInternet

C.thebirthofnewtheories

D.theinterestintheInternet

問題5選項

A.cautious.

B.pessimistic

C.uncertain

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第三句“OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.”選項A與原文不符，所以本題選A。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段的一二句“TheNazca“l(fā)ines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,...”選項D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的三四句“Seenatgroundlevel,...—meaningfromanaircraft.”從地面上看，感覺雜亂無章，毫無意義。圖像太大所以只能在1000英尺的高度上觀看——也就是在飛機上。由此可以推斷，越高看得越清晰，選項C正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisdirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.”現(xiàn)在人們對Nazca線條有了更多的興趣，它是因互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)而導(dǎo)致的直接結(jié)果。所以選項B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,作者認(rèn)為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)能夠幫助解開更多的未知之謎，這是一個正確的方向。所以，作者的態(tài)度是積極樂觀的，選項D正確。cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；pessimistic悲觀的；uncertain不確定的。

10.單選題

Allovertheworld,yourchancesofsuccessinschoolandlifedependmoreonyourfamilycircumstancesthanonanyotherfactor.Byagethree,kidswithprofessionalparentsarealreadyafullyearaheadoftheirpoorerpeers.Theyknowtwiceasmanywordsasmanywordsandscore40pointshigheronIQtests.Byage10,thegapisthreeyears.Bythen,somepoorchildrenhavenotmasteredbasicreadingandmathskills,andmanyneverwill:hisistheageatwhichfailurestartstobecomeirreversible.

Afewschoolsystemsseemtohavefiguredouthowtoerasethesegaps.Finlandensuresthateverychildcompletesbasiceducationandmeetsarigorousstandard.OneFinnishdistrictofficial,askedaboutthenumberofchildrenwhodon’tcompleteschoolinhercity,replied,”Icantellyoutheirnamesifyouwant.“IntheUnitedStates,KIPPcharterschoolsenrollstudentsfromthepoorestfamiliesandensurethatmostalmosteveryoneofthemgraduateshighschool—80percentmakeittocollege.Singaporenarroweditsachievementgapamongethnicminoritiesfrom17percentto5percentover20years.

Thesesuccessstoriesofferlessonsfortherestofus.First,getchildrenintoschoolearly.High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.Onestudy,whichbeganinthe1960s,trackedtwogroupsofstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.Someweregiventheopportunitytoattendahigh-qualitypre-school;otherswerenot.Thirty-fiveyearslater,thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs,andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.

Second,recognizethattheaveragekidspendsabouthalfhiswakinghoursupuntiltheageof18outsideofschool—don’tignorethattime.KIPPstudentsspend60percentmoretimeinschoolthantheaverageAmericanstudents.Theyarriveearlier,leavelater,attendmoreregularly,andevengotoschooleveryotherSaturday.Similarly,in1996,Chileextendeditsschooldaytoaddtheequivalentofmorethantwomoreyearsofschooling.

Third,pourlotsofefforttotrainteachers.StudiesintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatkidswiththemosteffectiveteacherslearnthreetimesasmuchasthosewiththeleasteffective.SystemssuchasSingapore’sarechoosyaboutrecruiting;theyinvestintrainingandcontinuingeducation;theyevaluateteachersregularly,andtheyawardbonusesonlytothetopperformers.

Finally,recognizethevalueofindividualizedattention.InFinland,kidswhostarttostrugglereceiveone-to-onesupportfromtheirteachers.RoughlyoneinthreeFinnishstudentsalsogetsextrahelpfromatutoreachyear.Ifwecanlearnthelessonofwhatworks,wecanbuildonit.

1.WhatcanweinferfromtheFinnishdistrictofficial’sreplyinParagraph2?

2.Whyisitimportantforkidstoattendahigh-qualitypre-school?WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Themostimportanteducationalfactorforachildtoachievesuccessinschoolandlifeisto______.

4.WhydoesSingaporelaysomuchemphasisontheroleofteachers?

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

問題1選項

A.Shee