考研考博-英語-寧夏建設(shè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏建設(shè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Shetookhim（）andledhimacrosstheroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.byhishand

B.bythehand

C.withhand

D.withthehand

【答案】B

【解析】takesb.bythehand為習(xí)慣搭配,意為牽著某人的手。

2.單選題

Shewasso（

）fortheknowledgethatshehadtaughtherselfallthecoursesbeforeshewenttocollege.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grave

B.greedy

C.anxious

D.worried

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)grave“重大的”；B選項(xiàng)greedy“貪婪的，渴望的”；C選項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮的”；D選項(xiàng)worried“擔(dān)心的”。句意：她是對(duì)知識(shí)是如此的渴望，以至于她在上大學(xué)之前就自學(xué)了所有的課程。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.填空題

Thestoresaresocrowdedtodayandthefilmatthetheatreisterrible.（1）juststayhomeand（2）televisioninstead.Ofcourse,ifyou’dreally（3）goout,wecandothat.I’llleaveituptoyou.

句意:今天商店特別擁擠，劇院里面的電影也難看，我們還是待在家里看電視吧。當(dāng)然，如果你真的想出去，我們可以出去。出去與否由你做決定。

【答案】1.Let’s

2.watch

3.rather

【解析】1.語義題。letus縮寫為let’s后跟動(dòng)詞原形,表示提議。

2.固定搭配。看電視用watchtelevision。

3.語義題。句意:如果你真想出去，我們可以出去。

4.單選題

Ateamofresearchers（）theproblemofdiseasesconnectedwithcontaminatedmilk.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.address

B.interact

C.wonder

D.react

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。address“處理”;interact“相互作用”;wonder“想知道”;react“反應(yīng)”。句意：一組研究人員把這種疾病和被污染的牛奶聯(lián)系起來。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Intheworldofshowbusiness,forexample,fameisapttobebreathtakingly（

）,ayearinthelimelightfollowedbytotalobscurity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ephemeral

B.peripheral

C.perpetual

D.evanescent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ephemeral“短暫的；朝生暮死的”；B選項(xiàng)peripheral“外圍的；次要的”；C選項(xiàng)perpetual“永久的；四季開花的”；D選項(xiàng)evanescent“容易消散的；逐漸凋零的”。句意：例如，在演藝界，名聲往往是驚人地……，引人注目的一年之后，就完全默默無聞了。本句表示名聲時(shí)間段，應(yīng)該搭配“短暫的”更合適，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

1.HalfwaythroughthesemesterinhismarketresearchcourseatRoanokeCollegelastfall,onlymomentsafterannouncingapolicyofzerotoleranceforcellphoneuseintheclassroom,Prof.AliNazemiheardaring.ThenhespottedayoungmannamedNeilNolandfumblingwithhisphone,tryingtoturnitoffbeforebeingcaught.

“Neil,canIseethatphone?”ProfessorNazemisaid,moreinacommandthanaquestion.Thestudentsurrenderedit.ProfessorNazemiopenedhisbriefcase,producedahammerandproceededtosmashtheoffendingdevice.Throughouttheclassroom,studentfaceswentashen.

“HowamIgoingtocallmyMomnow?”Neilasked.AsProfessorNazemirefusedtoanswer,aclassmateoffered,“Dude,youcansue.”

2.Onethingweshouldbeclearaboutwastheepisodeinhisclassroomhadbeenplottedandscriptedaheadoftime,withNeilNolandpartoftheplotallalong.Thephonewasanextraofhismother’s,itsservicecontractlongexpired.

ProfessorNazemi,inatelephoneinterviewlastweek,attestedtotheexasperationofcountlessteachersandprofessorsinthecomputerera.Theirpermanentwarofattritionwithdefiantlyinattentivestudentshasescalatedfromthepursuitofpigtail-pulling,spitball-lobbingandnotebook-doodlingtoahigh-techarsenaloflaptops,cellphonesBlackberriesandthelike.

Thepoorschoolteacherormasterormasternowmustcompetewithtexting,instant-messaging,Facebook,eBay,YouTube,Addictinggames.Cornandotherpoxes(瘟疫，災(zāi)難)onpedagogy.

“Therearecertainlinesyoushouldn’tcross,”theprofessorsaid.Ifyoustarttoleratingthisstuff,itbecomesthenorm.“Themoreyougive,themoretheytake.Multitaskingisgood,butIwantthemtodomoretaskinginmyclass.”

3.Alltheadvancesschoolsandcollegeshavemadetosupposedlyenhancelearning—supplyingstudentswithlaptops,equippingcomputerlabs,creatingwirelessnetworks—haveinsteadenableddistraction.Perhapsattendancerecordsshouldincludeanewcategory:presentbutotherwiseengaged.

4.“Iamsotiredofthatexcuse,”saidProfessorBugeja,mayhelivealongandfruitfullife.Theideathatsubjectmatterisboringistrulyrelative.Boringasopposedtowhat?BuyingshoesoneBay?Thefactis,we’renotheretoentertain.Weareheretostimulatethelifeofthemind.”

“Educationrequirescontemplation,”hecontinued.“Itrequirescriticalthinking.Whatwemaybedoingnowistrainingagenerationofair-trafficcontrollersratherthanscholars.AndIdoknowI,mgoingtolose.”

Not,onecanonlyhope,withoutfight.

Intheend,asscience-fictionwritershaveprophesiedforyears,thetechnologyisboundtooutwitthefalliblehuman.Whatteacherorprofessorcanpossiblypolicearoomfullofdeterminedgoof-offs(游手好閑者)whilealsodeliveringanengaginglesson?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）去年秋季，羅諾克學(xué)院的市場(chǎng)調(diào)研課業(yè)已過半。一天，阿里?納齊米教授宣布課堂上對(duì)手機(jī)實(shí)行零容忍的政策。話音剛落，他就聽到了手機(jī)的鈴聲。

（2）我們需要明白的一點(diǎn)是，課堂上的這段插曲事先經(jīng)過策劃并被寫成劇本。尼爾?諾蘭德始終介入了這個(gè)秘密計(jì)劃。被砸的是他母親閑置的一部手機(jī)，手機(jī)的服務(wù)合同早已滿期了。

（3）所有的中學(xué)和大學(xué)都為學(xué)生提供了筆記本電腦，配備了計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，構(gòu)建了無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)，所有這些進(jìn)步原本是為了促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果反而分散了學(xué)生的注意力?；蛟S，記錄學(xué)生的考勤時(shí)，應(yīng)該再加上一欄：到課但未聽課。

（4）“這種托辭我都聽膩了，”也許會(huì)長壽且成果豐碩的布赫雅教授說，“關(guān)于課上講授內(nèi)容乏味的看法真的是相對(duì)的。相比什么它顯得枯燥無味呢？到易貝網(wǎng)上買鞋？事實(shí)上，我們來這里不是為了玩樂，而是為了提高精神境界。”

7.單選題

There（）nofurtherquestions,theChairwillentertainamotiontoapprovethePresidentsreport.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadbeen

B.wouldbe

C.was

D.being

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：沒有問題的話，主席要提議請(qǐng)大家核準(zhǔn)董事會(huì)的報(bào)告。句子的前半部分在句中做狀語成分，為獨(dú)立主格機(jī)構(gòu)，所以填空處應(yīng)填入非謂語動(dòng)詞，只有選項(xiàng)D符合要求。

8.單選題

Veryyoungchildrenwithnoreadingexperiencemayastoundtheirparentswiththefirstwordstheyread,suchasadepartmentstoresignannouncingBigSale.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amaze

B.please

C.convey

D.bother

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。astound表示“使驚駭，使震驚”；A項(xiàng)amaze“使吃驚”，B項(xiàng)please“使喜歡，使高興，使?jié)M意”，C項(xiàng)convey“傳達(dá)，運(yùn)輸，讓與”，D項(xiàng)bother“煩擾，打擾，使……不安”。句意：沒有閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)的幼兒第一次讀到的單詞可能會(huì)讓他們的父母感到震驚，比如百貨商店的招牌上寫著“大減價(jià)”。因此，根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Wewerepleasedtonotethattheearlydeliverydidn’t（

）tothetrafficjamofthe

busycity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aid

B.amount

C.add

D.attribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。aid“援助，幫助”；amount“總計(jì)，合計(jì)”；add“增加”；attribute“歸屬，把……歸于”。句意：我們很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)早發(fā)貨并沒有給繁忙的城市增添交通擁堵。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

GiladShalit,anIsraelisoldierheldformorethanfiveyearsbyHamas,theIslamistPalestiniangroupthatrunsGaza,wasfreedinexchange（）1,027Palestinianprisoners.Thefirstbatchof477ofthemwasreleasedthisweek;theremainderareexpectedtobelet（）nextmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.for,out

B.for,off

C.of,out

D.of,off

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。inexchangefor“用……交換(物品間交換)”；inexchangeof“換取”；let(sb)off“寬恕，使爆炸/爆發(fā)”；let(sb)out“釋放/放出，泄露，出租”。句意：吉拉德?沙利特，一名被管理加沙的巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭組織哈馬斯關(guān)押了5年多的以色列士兵，以交換1027名巴勒斯坦囚犯為條件后獲釋。其中的477人已于本周獲釋，其余的人預(yù)計(jì)將于下月獲釋。由題意可知第一空應(yīng)該填inexchangeof，第二空應(yīng)填letout，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Havingweighedupallthefactorsthedepartmentfinallyagreedtoreceiveallthe（）tothecommittee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nominations

B.hypotheses

C.rejection

D.resistance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。nomination“任命；提名”；hypotheses“假定，臆測(cè)”，hypothesis的復(fù)數(shù)形式；rejection“拒絕”；resistance“阻力，電阻”。由thedepartment(部門)與committee(委員會(huì))可知這里是“任命”的意思，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.填空題

Readingandcomprehendingalargenumberofdocumentsandreports—manyofthemspecializedandtechnical—isavitaltaskthatisintrinsictofulfillingmanagementand________responsibilities.(execute)

【答案】executive

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞。

【解題思路】intrinsic的用法為beintrinsictosth.，形容詞fulfilling修飾management，意思為“令人心滿意足的”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞and，可知responsibilities和management是名詞，橫線處和fulfilling為形容詞，executive意思為“執(zhí)行的”，符合語境。

【句意】閱讀和理解大量的文件和報(bào)告——其中許多是專業(yè)和技術(shù)性的——是一項(xiàng)至關(guān)重要的任務(wù)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)管理和執(zhí)行職責(zé)所固有的。

13.單選題

Whatisthebestwoodtoburninthehomefireplace?Choosethekindofwoodtoburnislikechoosingabottleofwine.Eachchoiceyoucanmakehassomethingdifferenttooffer.Woodsdifferinthescenttheygiveoffandintheheattheyprovide.Thekindofwoodyouwillchoosedependsonyourownneedsandtastes.

Pine,spruce,andfiraresoftandeasytolight.Theyburnquicklywithahotflame.However,afirebuiltfromthesewoodsburnsoutquickly.Thiskindoffirerequiresalotofattention.Itneedsnewlogsaddedtokeepthefireburning.Afirebuiltfromsoftwoodsmightbeidealforyouatcertaintimes.Youmaywantaquickwarmingfirethatwillburnoutbeforeyougotobed.

Foralong-lastingfire,itisbesttouseheavierwoods.Thesewouldbeash,beech,birch,maple,andoak.Thesewoodsdon’tburnasfast.Oakgivesthemostevenandshortestflames.Italsoproducessteady,glowingcoals.Whenyouhaveseveraloaklogsburninginyourgrate,youcansettlebackforasteadyshowofflame.

Ifyouwantagood-smellingfire,usethewoodfromfruittrees.Apple,cherry,andnuttreesallproducepleasantscents.Theirsmokeusuallysmellslikethetree’sfruit.

Bymixingsoftwoodswithhardwoods,youcangetalong-lasting,easy-to-lightfire.Later,byaddingsomefruitwood,youcanproduceapleasantscentaswell.

Asarule,nomorethanfourlogsareneededtomakeagoodfire.Adjustthelogstomaintaintheflames.Pushtheendsofthelogsintheflamesfromtimetotime.Addkindlingandnewlogsasneededtorekindleadyingflame.Rakecoalstowardthefrontofthegratebeforeaddingnewlogsandputnewlogsattherear.Theretheywillreflectlightandheatintotheroom.

Letonlyaninchortwoofashcollectsatthebottomofthegrate.Anymorethanthiscanruintheandirons.Toomuchashblockstheflowofairtothefire.Someashisneededtoformthebedfortheglowingcoalsthatdropthroughthegrate.Theyhelptoholdtheheatanddirectdraftsofairuptothebaseofthefire.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?

2.Spruceburnswitha（）.

3.Inordertogetmoreheatoutofyourfireplace,youshould（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Fruitwooddoesnotburnwellinthefireplace.

B.Wetwoodiseasydriedinahomefireplace.

C.Youshouldchooseyourfireplacewoodcarefully.

D.Heavierwoodscankeepalong-lastingfire.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.coldflame

B.hotflame

C.shortflame

D.steadyflame

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.addnewlogstothebackofthefire

B.cleanyourchimneyonceayear

C.rakecoalstowardtherearofthefireplace

D.ruintheandirons

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文主要談及壁爐選擇木材取決于需要和品味?？梢缘弥狢選項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該仔細(xì)選擇你的壁爐木材”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞spruce可以定位到文章第二段中“Pine,spruce,andfiraresoftandeasytolight.Theyburnquicklywithahotflame.”，中文翻譯為：松樹、云杉和冷杉因柔軟而容易點(diǎn)燃。它們迅速燃燒，火焰很熱。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)二段“Asarule,nomorethanfourlogsareneededtomakeagoodfire.Adjustthelogstomaintaintheflames.Pushtheendsofthelogsintheflamesfromtimetotime.Addkindlingandnewlogsasneededtorekindleadyingflame.Rakecoalstowardthefrontofthegratebeforeaddingnewlogsandputnewlogsattherear.Theretheywillreflectlightandheatintotheroom.”，中文翻譯為：一般說來，生一堆好火不需要超過四根木頭。調(diào)整原木以保持火焰。不時(shí)地把木柴的末端推入火焰中。添加引物和新的原木，以重新點(diǎn)燃即將熄滅的火焰。在添加新原木之前，把煤耙到爐排前面，并把新原木放在后面。在那里，它們將把光和熱反射進(jìn)房間。故A為正確選項(xiàng)。

14.單選題

Whenhestaysupallnighttostudyforhistest,hecanbequitepetulant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tired

B.grouchy

C.amenable

D.exhausted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tired疲倦的，厭倦的B.grouchy不高興的，不滿的

C.amenable有責(zé)任的，順從的，有義務(wù)的D.exhausted筋疲力盡的，疲憊不堪的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】劃線單詞petulant在句中表示“鬧脾氣的，賭氣的”，B選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞含義最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】當(dāng)他通宵學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備考試時(shí)，他會(huì)鬧脾氣。

15.單選題

Scientistsbelievethataconclusionwhichisdrawnreadilybeforealloftherelevantdataarecollected,analyzedandcontemplatediscalled（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insincere

B.premature

C.premise

D.presumption

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。insincereadj.不誠懇的；premature不成熟的；premise前提，假定；presumption推測(cè)，放肆。句意：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為在所有相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)被收集、分析和計(jì)劃之前就容易得出來的結(jié)論稱之為（）。由句子內(nèi)容可知這種結(jié)論是一種推測(cè)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

16.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausetheymistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethemcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewnobetter.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Areweanylessblood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversalinterest?Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesomeviolence?Humanbeingsremainasblood-thirstyasevertheywere.TheonlydifferencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonestenoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylionstearingpeopleapartandeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefendsportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongago:spotswhicharequiteasbarbarousas,say,publichangingsorbear-baiting.

Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingorbull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomenbattleeachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshouldberelativelyunmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandburstingintoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalkof'thesportingspirit’issheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportbecauseofthehighrewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfrontpagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintworoundsinsteadoffifteenrounds.Theyfeeldisappointedbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.

Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?Youmaywellask.Theanswerissimple:theyareuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionally—admittedlywithlittlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightofmadmencoopedupincages,orpublicfloggingsoranyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpracticeswhichwerecommoninthepast.Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbiddingplacestheyusedtobe.Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanypartsoftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.Thesechangeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyandunaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethelaw.Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sopinionofnowadays’humanbeingsis______.

2.Themainideaofthispassageis_______.

3.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis_______

.

4.Howmanydangeroussportsdoestheauthormentioninthispassage?

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis_______

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notveryhigh

B.high

C.contemptuous

D.critical

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylaw

B.peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence

C.tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussports

D.peopleareblood-thirstyinsports

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday’speople

B.togiveanexample

C.toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknownothingbetter

D.toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtoblood-thirsty

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Three

B.Five

C.Six

D.Seven

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveourselves

B.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wecanimprovelaw

C.thatwemusttakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystem

D.toshowthelawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到關(guān)鍵句第一段第五句Areweanylessblood-thirsty?Humanbeingsremainasblood-thirstyasevertheywere.以及第二段第三句Anytalkof‘thesportingspirit’issheerhypocrisy.（任何有關(guān)“體育精神”的說法都是徹頭徹尾的偽善）。第二段最后一句Theyfeeldisappointedbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.（他們感到失望，因?yàn)樗麄儽粍儕Z了目睹長期折磨和暴力的美妙樂趣），第二步，概括理解，從這里可以看出作者對(duì)現(xiàn)在人類的看法也覺得他們不高尚，不然不會(huì)有這么多人喜歡看這種暴力游戲，選A選項(xiàng)“不是很高尚”；

B選項(xiàng)“高尚”，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“蔑視的”，定位到WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.（他們可能會(huì)輕蔑地談?wù)摽蓱z的古羅馬人，因?yàn)樗麄兿硎苤诟?jìng)技場(chǎng)上進(jìn)行的殺戮狂歡），這個(gè)是現(xiàn)代人對(duì)古羅馬人的觀點(diǎn)，不是作者對(duì)現(xiàn)代人的觀點(diǎn)，屬于張冠李戴；

D選項(xiàng)“批判的”，作者對(duì)人喜歡暴力這種行為是持批判態(tài)度的，不止包括現(xiàn)代人，D選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。

第2題:主旨大意題。第一步，分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，全文是分總結(jié)構(gòu)，整篇文章圍繞著人類喜歡暴力運(yùn)動(dòng)這種行為展開的，第一段引入現(xiàn)代人和古羅馬人對(duì)比，指出現(xiàn)代人仍然喜歡暴力，第二段對(duì)第一段進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充，第三段作者希望人類能夠放棄這種暴力喜好，文章中心句也是在最后一段倒數(shù)二三句Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.（如果我們禁止危險(xiǎn)和暴力的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，我們將進(jìn)一步改善人類。我們將認(rèn)識(shí)到暴力是可恥的，不值得人類使用），由此可知答案選A選項(xiàng)“非法和危險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)該被法律禁止”；

B選項(xiàng)“人們?cè)敢饣ù罅康腻X去看暴力”，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第四句Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.（觀眾愿意花大價(jià)錢看暴力），文章雖然有提及但是不是文章主旨，這里屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“比較對(duì)危險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的兩種不同態(tài)度”，全文沒有對(duì)比兩種態(tài)度屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“人們?cè)谶\(yùn)動(dòng)中是嗜血的”，定位到第一段第五句Areweanylessblood-thirsty?（我們不那么嗜血了嗎?），這句文章雖然有提及但不是文章主旨，所以不能選，這里屬于以偏概全。

第3題:推理判斷題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到該段中心句第一段第一句Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.（當(dāng)你想到我們?cè)诩夹g(shù)上取得的巨大進(jìn)步時(shí)，令人驚訝的是，我們?cè)谄渌矫娴陌l(fā)展微乎其微），第二步，尋找上下文線索，從這里可以看出作者的觀點(diǎn)是人類除了在科技方面有進(jìn)步其他方面都沒有進(jìn)步，然后引出羅馬人的例子來解釋作者為什么這么說，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“將古羅馬人和現(xiàn)代的人進(jìn)行比較”；

B選項(xiàng)“舉個(gè)例子”，文章的重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)代人仍然嗜血不是人類喜歡嗜血游戲，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤，屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“來表明過去的人類沒有比這更好的了”，定位到第三段第四句話Wemayforgivethemcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewnobetter.（我們可以屈尊地原諒他們，因?yàn)樗麄兩钤?000年前，顯然不知道什么是更好的。），這里文章雖然提及，但與題干不相關(guān)，屬于張冠李戴，所以不選；

D選項(xiàng)“表明人類已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了嗜血”是文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，第一段第六行boxingmatches“拳賽”，第一段最后一句publichangingsorbear-baiting“逗熊游戲”，第二段第一行huntingorbull-fighting，第二段第三行racingcars“賽車”，從這里可知答案選B；publichanging“公開絞刑”是一種刑罰不是娛樂活動(dòng)，所以不能選C。

第5題:主旨大意題。第一步，分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，全文是分總結(jié)構(gòu)，整篇文章圍繞著人類喜歡暴力運(yùn)動(dòng)這種行為展開的，第一段引入現(xiàn)代人和古羅馬人對(duì)比，指出現(xiàn)代人仍然喜歡暴力，第二段對(duì)第一段進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充，第三段作者希望人類能夠放棄這種暴力喜好，文章中心句也是在最后一段倒數(shù)二三句Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.（如果我們禁止危險(xiǎn)和暴力的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，我們將進(jìn)一步改善人類。我們將認(rèn)識(shí)到暴力是可恥的，不值得人類使用），由此可知答案選A選項(xiàng)“通過禁止暴力運(yùn)動(dòng)，我們?nèi)祟惪梢蕴岣咦约骸保?/p>

B選項(xiàng)“通過禁止暴力體育活動(dòng)，我們可以完善法律”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“我們必須采取積極措施來改善社會(huì)福利制度”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“說明法律是社會(huì)變革的主要工具”。定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第三句話Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.雖然文章有提及法律是社會(huì)變革的主要工具，但是作者提到這個(gè)是希望通過立法把這種暴力游戲禁止從而達(dá)到人類自我提升的目的，所以不選，這里屬于出處錯(cuò)誤。

17.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversiononAnswerSheet.(10%)

Likethepopulationexplosion,thescientificandtechnologicalrevolutionbegantopickupspeedslowlyduringtheeighteenthcentury.Andthisongoingrevolutionhasalsosuddenlyacceleratedexponentially.Forexample,itisnowanaxiominmanyfieldsofsciencethatmorenewandimportantdiscoverieshavetakenplaceinthelasttenyearsthanintheentireprevioushistoryofscience.Whilenosinglediscoveryhashadthekindofeffectonourrelationshiptotheearththatnuclearweaponshavehadonourrelationshiptowarfare,itisneverthelesstruethattakentogether,theyhavecompletelytransformedourcumulativeabilitytoexploittheearthforsustenance—makingtheconsequencesofunrestrainedexploitationeverybitasunthinkableastheconsequencesofunrestrainednuclearwar.

【答案】和人口爆炸一樣，科技革命在十八世紀(jì)開始慢慢加速。之后這場(chǎng)正在進(jìn)行的革命也突然呈指數(shù)地加速。例如，在過去十年中發(fā)生的重大新發(fā)現(xiàn)比以往整個(gè)科學(xué)史上的發(fā)現(xiàn)都要多，這已成為許多科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)公理。雖然沒有任何一項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生了像核武器對(duì)我們與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的關(guān)系所產(chǎn)生的影響一樣，對(duì)我們與地球的關(guān)系產(chǎn)生了如此大的影響，但總的來說，它們完全改變了我們?yōu)榫S持生存而不斷積累的開采地球的能力，這使得無節(jié)制開采的后果與無節(jié)制的核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的后果一樣難以想象。

18.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

One-thirdoftheUSphysiciansareover65,andthatproportionisexpectedtorise.Asdoctorsinthebabyboomgenerationreach65,manyareunderincreasingfinancialpressuresthatmakethemreluctanttoretire.Manydoctors,ofcourse,retaintheirskillsandsharpnessofmindintotheir70sandbeyond.ButphysiciansarehardlyimmunetoParldnson’sdisease,strokeandotherillsofaging.Andsomeexpertswarnthattherearetoofewsafeguardstoprotectpatientsagainstthosewhoshouldnolongerbepracticing.“Myguessisthatpeoplethinkthereissomefail-safemechanismtoprotectthemfromincompetentphysicians”,Dr.Norcrosssaid.“Thereisnot.”

【答案】三分之一的美國醫(yī)生年齡在65歲以上，這一比例預(yù)計(jì)還會(huì)上升。隨著嬰兒潮一代的醫(yī)生年滿65歲，許多人面臨著越來越大的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，因此不愿退休。當(dāng)然，許多醫(yī)生在70多歲以后仍然保持著他們的技能和敏銳的頭腦。但是醫(yī)生很難對(duì)帕爾登森病、中風(fēng)和其他衰老疾病免疫。一些專家警告說，保護(hù)病人免受那些不應(yīng)該再執(zhí)業(yè)的人傷害的保障措施太少了。諾克羅斯博士說：“我的猜測(cè)是，人們認(rèn)為有某種故障安全機(jī)制可以保護(hù)他們免受不稱職的醫(yī)生的傷害。然而，實(shí)際上是沒有的?！?/p>

19.單選題

Hismemoryseemsto（

）withage.Therearealotofthingshecouldn'trememberclearly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessen

B.diminish

C.decrease

D.reduce

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以表示“減少”。lessen指數(shù)目、程度、價(jià)值、實(shí)力等的減少；diminish指某事物對(duì)照原本基礎(chǔ)上數(shù)量或質(zhì)量少了很多；decrease指各種事物逐漸減少、逐漸衰弱的過程；reduce指縮小事物的范圍、強(qiáng)度、數(shù)量等，也可指級(jí)別、地位或經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的降低。此處表示他的記憶力隨著年齡的增長而減弱，記憶力變得比原來差，因此選B。

句意：他的記憶力似乎隨著年齡的增長而減弱，有很多事情他記不清了。

20.單選題

Ifyouknowwhatthetroubleis,whydon'tyouhelpthemto（）thesituation?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.modify

C.verify

D.rectify

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：simplify“簡化，使單純”;選項(xiàng)B:modify“修改”；選項(xiàng)C：verify“核實(shí)，查證”;選項(xiàng)D：rectify“矯正，改正”。rectify是指抽象意義上對(duì)于偏離正常軌道的矯正，因此與題意更切合，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。句意：如果你知道問題出在哪里，為什么不幫助他們扭轉(zhuǎn)局面呢?

21.單選題

Theguides（

）thetouriststogetheratthehotelgate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accumulated

B.collected

C.assembled

D.resembled

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accumulate“積累;累積”:collect“收集”;assemble“聚集；集合”；resemble“類似，像”。根據(jù)后文“togetheratthehotelgate”可知是在門口集合，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。句意：這些導(dǎo)游讓游客在酒店門口集合。

22.單選題

Althoughthetwoplayersare

inthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriendsindailylife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.partners

B.enemies

C.rivals

D.opponents

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。Partner“合作伙伴”；enemy“敵人”；rival“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手”；opponent“反對(duì)者”。句意：雖然他們?cè)诰W(wǎng)球賽場(chǎng)上是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，但是他們私底下是好朋友。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

23.單選題

ThemosteffectivewayIknowtoimproveyourwritingistodofreewritingexercisesregularly.Atleastthreetimesaweek.Theyaresometimescalled“automaticwriting”，“babbling”,or“jabbering”exercises.Theideaissimplytowritefortenminutes(lateron,perhapsfifteenortwenty).Don’tstopforanything.Goquicklywithoutrushing.Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething,towonderwhatwordorthoughttouse,ortothinkaboutwhatyouaredoing.Ifyoucan’tthinkofawordorspelling,justuseasquiggleorelsewrite,“Ican’tthinkofit.”Justputdownsomething.Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind.Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant;orrepeatthelastwordyouwroteoverandoveragain;oranythingelse.Theonlyrequirementisthatyouneverstop.

Whathappenstoafreewritingexerciseisimportant.Itmustbeapieceofwritingwhich,evenifsomeonereadsit,doesn’tsendanyripplesbacktoyou.Itislikewritingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.Theteacherlessclasshelpsyourwritingbyprovidingmaximumfeedback.Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall.WhenIassignone,Iinvitethewritertoletmereadit.Butalsotellhimtokeepitifheprefers.IreaditquicklyandmakenocommentsatallandIdonotspeakwithhimaboutit.Themainthingisthatafreewritingmustneverbeevaluatedinanyway;infacttheremustbenodiscussionorcommentatall.

Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense.Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting.Butthat’sitsdownfalltoo.Almosteverybodyinterposesamassiveandcomplicatedseriesofeditingsbetweenthetimethewordsstarttobebornintoconsciousnessandwhentheyfinallycomeoftheendofthepencilortypewriterontothepage.Thisispartlybecauseschoolingmakesusobsessedwiththe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutspellingandgrammarastheytrytowrite.Iamalwaysthinkingabouttheawkwardness,wordiness,andgeneralmushinessofmynaturalverbalproductasItrytowritedownwords.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingisencouragedaboutfreewriting?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thephrase“getstuck”isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

4.Theauthorbelievesthatcomparedwithspeaking,writing（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTageneralpracticeinfreewriting,accordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Topointouttheonlyeffectivewayofimprovingwriting.

B.Torevealthecrazyfeatureof“automaticwriting”.

C.Tourgereaderstotrytodofreewritingexercisesregularly.

D.Todescribetheprocessoffreewriting

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thinkingaboutspellingandgrammaraswetrytowrite.

B.Teachersaresupposedtoprovidefeedbackormakecommentsaboutapieceofwriting.

C.Crossoutthoseideasthatseemtobeambiguous.

D.Neverworryaboutthe“mistakes”wemakeinwriting.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Unabletodoanymoreofsomethingthatyouareworkingonbecauseitistoodifficult

B.Fixedinaparticularpositionandimpossibletomove

C.Unabletoescapefromaboringsituation

D.Startdoingsomethingeagerlyandwithalotofenergy.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting

B.functionsmoreasaconsciousprocessofcorrecting“mistake”

C.isjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind

D.makesmoresensethansimplyputtingdownwords

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Writingdownwhateverisinyourmind.

B.Payingnoattentiontospelling,dictionorgrammarwhilewriting.

C.Writingsomethingandputtingitinabottleinthesea.

D.Ignoringallpossiblemistakeswhilewriting.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:作者意圖題。文章首先介紹了自由寫作，包括其注意事項(xiàng)以及方式和特征，在最后一段的開頭也強(qiáng)調(diào):Freewritingmayseemcrazybutactuallyitmakessimplesense(自由寫作也許看起來非常瘋狂，但是這里面的道理很簡單)。最后對(duì)比了學(xué)校的寫作教育和自由寫作，因此B項(xiàng)“揭示自由寫作”比較符合文章的目的。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:寫作時(shí)思考拼寫和語法。B:老師應(yīng)該對(duì)一篇文章做出反饋或評(píng)論。C:把那些看起來模棱兩可的想法去掉。D:永遠(yuǎn)不要擔(dān)心寫作時(shí)會(huì)“犯錯(cuò)”。第一段指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下來去回顧已經(jīng)寫的內(nèi)容，去劃掉一部分，去思考單詞該怎么拼寫)，因此A項(xiàng)跟C項(xiàng)不是自由寫作所鼓勵(lì)的。由“Freewritingshelpyoubyprovidingnofeedbackatall(自由寫作通過不提供任何的反饋來達(dá)到幫助的目的)”可知B項(xiàng)也不是自由寫作所鼓勵(lì)的，故選D。

第3題:詞義題?！癵etstuck”出現(xiàn)在第一段:Ifyougetstuck,it’sfinetowrite“Ican’tthinkwhattosay,Ican’tthinkwhattosay”asmanytimesasyouwant(如果你getstuck，你可以直接寫我不知道該寫什么”)。由此推斷出文章中的getstuck指的是在寫作過程中遇到困難，不知道該寫什么內(nèi)容以及不知道該怎么寫，故答案選項(xiàng)為A。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。Thinkofthedifferencebetweenspeakingandwriting.Writinghastheadvantageofpermittingmoreediting(思考一下說話和寫作之間的區(qū)別。寫作的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以寫下很多)，A項(xiàng)是對(duì)此句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故選A。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Theeasiestthingisjusttoputdownwhateverisinyourmind(最簡單的就是把出現(xiàn)在腦海中的東西都寫下來)，由此可知A是自由寫作的訓(xùn)練方法之一。第一段還指出:Neverstoptolookback,tocrosssomethingout,towonderhowtospellsomething(不要停下來去回顧已經(jīng)寫的內(nèi)容，去劃掉一些部分，去思考單詞該怎么拼寫)，最后一段指出:Manypeopleareconstantlythinkingaboutsp